CN112342352B - Corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, the structure of the high-manganese austenitic steel is austenite, the non-proportional elongation strength Rp0.2 of the high-manganese austenitic steel is more than or equal to 424MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 613MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 48 percent, and the weight gain of 8h of salt spray corrosion is less than or equal to 0.011mg/mm2. The invention aims to provide a method for improving the corrosion resistance of high manganese austenitic steel based on grain boundary engineering, which solves the problem of poor corrosion resistance of the high manganese austenitic steel in the prior art. The invention discloses a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, which comprises the following steps: step 1, forging a cast ingot into a plate blank; step 2, preheating the plate blank, and then carrying out 4-pass rolling to obtain a hot rolled plate; step 3, homogenizing the hot rolled plate obtained in the step 2, and then performing cold rolling and annealing to obtain a high manganese steel plate; and 4, deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate to obtain a final plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation methods of metallurgical materials, relates to a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, and also discloses a preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate.
Background
Stainless steel is a traditional metal material which is indispensable at present and has great consumption, and is widely applied to various fields of national economic construction and people's life. In order to obtain good corrosion and oxidation resistance, Ni and Cr are often used as alloying additions in stainless steels and are present in high amounts. However, in the world, Ni and Cr belong to strategic metal elements which are resource shortage type and expensive; in particular, China belongs to one of poor nickel chromium countries, the storage amount of nickel chromium is very small, the raw materials mainly depend on import, and the current situation seriously restricts the development of stainless steel production in China.
In order to save Ni and Cr, particularly Ni, researchers in Germany, English, and American countries have conducted research works on Ni-Cr stainless steel in the place of Mn and Al to save Cr as early as the second world war. Since the 60 s of the 20 th century, the development of nickel-chromium-saving and nickel-chromium-free heat-resistant steel is one of the targets of metallurgical and material workers in China. In recent years, scientific and technical personnel of some colleges and universities and metallurgical enterprises in China also carry out a great deal of work in the research of nickel-saving ferritic stainless steel, high-nitrogen stainless steel and the like, and make certain progress. However, these stainless steels still have relatively high Cr content. Undoubtedly, how to utilize other alloy elements with abundant resources to replace or mostly replace Ni and Cr in stainless steel, save resources and reduce cost to prepare economical nickel-free stainless steel or nickel-free low-chromium stainless steel is a strategic research subject with profound significance.
According to the research and design concept of substituting Mn for Ni and Al for Cr, researchers have long noticed that Fe-Mn-Al-C austenitic alloys have the potential to replace or partially replace austenitic stainless steels. However, it has been found that although such austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C alloys have a strong oxidation resistance, they suffer from poor corrosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the corrosion resistance of high manganese austenitic steel based on grain boundary engineering, which solves the problem of poor corrosion resistance of the high manganese austenitic steel in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate is characterized in that the structure of the high-manganese austenitic steel is austenite, the non-proportional elongation strength Rp0.2 of the high-manganese austenitic steel is more than or equal to 424MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 613MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 48 percent, and the salt spray corrosion weight gain is less than or equal to 0.011mg/mm within 8h2。
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is a preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, and the prepared high-manganese austenitic steel is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, heating the cast ingot to 1200 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 2 +/-0.5 h, then naturally cooling and forging into a plate blank;
step 2, preheating the plate blank, and then carrying out 4-pass rolling at the initial rolling temperature of 1100-1050 ℃ and the final rolling temperature of over 1000 ℃ to obtain a hot rolled plate;
step 3, performing homogenization treatment on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step 2 at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 1 +/-0.5 h, and then performing cold rolling and annealing to obtain a high manganese steel plate;
and 4, deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate by 2-30% to obtain a final plate.
The second aspect of the present invention is also characterized in that,
preheating the plate blank in the step 2, which specifically comprises the following steps: and heating the plate blank to 1150-1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 +/-0.5 h.
The pass reduction rate of 4-pass rolling is 25-40%.
The first pass reduction rate is (25 +/-0.5)%, the 2 nd pass reduction rate is (38 +/-0.5)%, the 3 rd pass reduction rate is (37 +/-0.5)%, and the 4 th pass reduction rate is 40%.
The thickness of the hot-rolled plate is 6 +/-0.3 mm after 4 times of rolling.
The specific parameters for cold rolling in the step 3 are as follows: the total rolling reduction ratio of the cold rolling is more than 80 percent, and the thickness is rolled to be 1 plus or minus 0.1 mm.
The annealing process in the step 3 comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 750-850 ℃ for 15-25 min.
And 4, deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate by 10-20% to obtain a final plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method considers the requirements of the strength and the plasticity of the stainless steel, combines the thought of saving cost, adopts a reasonable thermomechanical treatment process, obtains an ideal microstructure, ensures the requirements of the mechanical property of the stainless steel, improves the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel, can obtain the high manganese austenitic steel plate with certain corrosion resistance by adopting the method of the invention, and greatly reduces the cost of the stainless steel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a secondary electron image of a corrosion-resistant austenitic steel sheet with high manganese content according to example 1 of the manufacturing method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a secondary electron image of a corrosion-resistant austenitic steel sheet with high manganese content according to example 2 of the manufacturing method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a secondary electron image of example 3 of a method of manufacturing a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a secondary electron image of a method of manufacturing a corrosion-resistant high manganese austenitic steel sheet according to the present invention in example 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate is austenite in structure, the non-proportional elongation strength Rp0.2 of the high-manganese austenitic steel is more than or equal to 424MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 613MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 48 percent, and the weight gain of 8h salt spray corrosion is less than or equal to 0.011mg/mm2。
The invention relates to a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, heating the cast ingot to 1200 +/-50 ℃, then preserving heat for 2 +/-0.5 h, then naturally cooling, and forging into a plate blank;
step 2, heating the plate blank to 1150-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 1 +/-0.5 h for preheating, then carrying out 4-pass rolling, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1100-1050 ℃, the final rolling temperature is above 1000 ℃, and the pass reduction rate is 25-40%, so as to obtain a hot rolled plate; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the first pass reduction rate is (25 +/-0.5)%, the 2 nd pass reduction rate is (38 +/-0.5)%, the 3 rd pass reduction rate is (37 +/-0.5)%, the 4 th pass reduction rate is 40%, and the thickness of the hot-rolled plate after 4 passes of rolling is 6 +/-0.3 mm;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the hot rolled plate obtained in the step 2 at 1000-1100 ℃ for 1 +/-0.5 h for homogenization treatment, then performing cold rolling and annealing to obtain a high manganese steel plate, wherein the total cold rolling reduction ratio is more than 80%, the high manganese steel plate is rolled to the thickness of 1 +/-0.1 mm, and the annealing process comprises the following steps: preserving the heat for 15-25 min at 750-850 ℃;
and 4, deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate by 2-30% to obtain a final plate, and preferably deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate by 10-20% in the step 4 to obtain the final plate.
In the embodiment of the invention, the morphology of the high manganese austenitic steel plate structure after the thermomechanical treatment is observed by adopting a field emission electron probe JEOL JXA-8530F; stretching at room temperature on a CMT5105-SANS microcomputer controlled electronic universal experiment machine; the corrosion weight increment experiment is carried out in an LYW-025 salt spray test box, the mass concentration of a NaCl solution is (5.0 +/-1)%, the ph value range is 6.5-7.2, the temperature in the salt spray box is kept in the range of (35 +/-2) ° C, and the humidity is controlled to be (45 +/-2)% Rh.
Preparing a room temperature tensile sample into a standard tensile sample with a rectangular section according to GB/T228-2002 metal material room temperature tensile test method; neutral salt spray test (NSS test) was performed according to standard GJB150.11A-2009.
Examples 1 to 4
The invention provides a group of experimental results as examples, the steel composition is consistent, the steel making, continuous casting, forging stock heating and rolling processes are consistent, the solution treatment process after cold rolling is consistent, the difference lies in the control system of deformation quantity, and some deformation quantity, performance detection results and secondary electron image structure are given as comparative examples.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, heating the cast ingot to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, then naturally cooling, and forging into a plate blank;
step 2, heating the plate blank to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, preheating, and then carrying out 4-pass rolling, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1050 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is more than 1000 ℃; the first pass reduction rate is 25.7%, the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 38.5%, the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 37.5%, the 4 th pass reduction rate is 40%, the total reduction rate is 83%, and the thickness of the obtained hot rolled plate is 6 mm;
step 3, preserving the heat of the hot rolled plate at 1100 ℃ for 1h, carrying out homogenization treatment, then carrying out cold rolling and annealing, wherein the total reduction rate of the cold rolling is 80%, the thickness of the rolled plate is 1mm, and the annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 850 ℃ for 25 min;
step 4, deformation treatment process: stretching and deforming the steel plate obtained in the step 3 by 2-30% at room temperature to obtain a final plate; the specific process respectively adopts the following 4 types: 2% (example 1), 10% (example 2), 20% (example 3), 30% (example 4).
The secondary electrons obtained in examples 1 to 4 were austenite structures as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and the proportion of special grain boundaries increased as the amount of deformation increased and the substructure became more complex.
The mechanical property and corrosion resistance test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
From the results of the comparative study on the processes in the above examples, it can be seen that the deformation processing system for obtaining the high manganese austenitic steel sheet with the optimum mechanical properties and corrosion resistance is as follows: the deformation is 10% to 20%, and the results at this time are: the normal temperature tensile extension strength Rp0.2 is more than or equal to 424MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 613MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 48 percent, and the weight gain of 8h salt spray corrosion is less than or equal to 0.011mg/mm2。
Example 5
The invention relates to a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, heating the cast ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, then naturally cooling, and forging into a plate blank;
step 2, heating the plate blank to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h for preheating, then carrying out 4-pass rolling, wherein the starting rolling temperature is 1100 ℃, the final rolling temperature is above 1000 ℃, the first-pass reduction rate is 25.7%, the 2 nd-pass reduction rate is 38.5%, the 3 rd-pass reduction rate is 37.5%, and the 4 th-pass reduction rate is 40%, so as to obtain a hot rolled plate; the thickness of the hot rolled plate is 6mm plus or minus 0.3mm after 4 times of rolling;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the hot rolled plate obtained in the step 2 at 1100 ℃ for 1.5h for homogenization treatment, then performing cold rolling and annealing to obtain a high manganese steel plate, wherein the total reduction ratio of the cold rolling is larger than 80%, and the high manganese steel plate is rolled to a thickness of 1 +/-0.1 mm, and the annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 850 ℃ for 25 min;
and 4, performing 30% deformation on the annealed high manganese steel plate to obtain a final plate.
Example 6
The invention relates to a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, heating the cast ingot to 1150 ℃, then preserving heat for 1.5h, then naturally cooling, and forging into a plate blank;
step 2, heating the plate blank to 1150 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5h for preheating, then carrying out 4-pass rolling, wherein the starting rolling temperature is 1050 ℃, the final rolling temperature is above 1000 ℃, the first-pass reduction rate is 25.7%, the 2 nd-pass reduction rate is 38.5%, the 3 rd-pass reduction rate is 37.5%, and the 4 th-pass reduction rate is 40%, so as to obtain a hot rolled plate; the thickness of the hot rolled plate is 6mm plus or minus 0.3mm after 4 times of rolling;
step 3, the hot rolled plate obtained in the step 2 is subjected to homogenization treatment after heat preservation for 0.5h at the temperature of 1000 ℃, then cold rolling and annealing are carried out to obtain the high manganese steel plate, the total cold rolling reduction ratio is larger than 80%, the high manganese steel plate is rolled to the thickness of 1 +/-0.1 mm, and the annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 15 min;
and 4, deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate by 2% to obtain a final plate.
The high manganese austenitic steel plate with improved corrosion resistance after the thermomechanical treatment is obtained, and the rolling and thermomechanical treatment processes adopted by the invention are based on that:
in the hot rolling process, multi-pass large-deformation rolling is carried out in a high-temperature recrystallization region, austenite grains are fully refined through dynamic recrystallization, elements are unevenly distributed after hot rolling due to the characteristics of high-manganese steel, and homogenization treatment is carried out by adopting a solid solution treatment scheme of keeping the temperature at 1100 ℃ for 1h after hot rolling.
After cold rolling, solution treatment is adopted, so that the steel plate after rolling deformation obtains uniform refined austenite grains through a recrystallization process, and the required strength and toughness are obtained.
The corrosion resistance of the alloy with the face-centered cubic structure and low dislocation energy is improved from the grain boundary engineering, the corrosion resistance is mainly realized by deformation and heat treatment processes, and by controlling the deformation and annealing process parameters, the CSL grain boundary with high proportion can be obtained, the proportion of recrystallized trigeminal grain boundary can be improved, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy with the face-centered cubic structure is obviously improved.
The method can obtain the high manganese austenitic steel plate with certain corrosion resistance, and greatly reduces the cost of the stainless steel.
The invention meets the requirement of mechanical property by a proper thermomechanical treatment method, and has certain corrosion resistance, thereby effectively widening the application range of the high manganese austenitic steel. The steel plate provided by the invention can be applied to occasions with not particularly high requirements on corrosion resistance, such as door and window handles, stair guardrails and fences, and building auxiliary materials, furniture decorations and the like in non-coastal areas.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-manganese austenitic steel plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, heating the cast ingot to 1200 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 2 +/-0.5 h, then naturally cooling and forging into a plate blank;
step 2, preheating the plate blank, and then carrying out 4-pass rolling at the initial rolling temperature of 1100-1050 ℃ and the final rolling temperature of over 1000 ℃ to obtain a hot rolled plate;
step 3, carrying out homogenization treatment on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step 2 at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 1 +/-0.5 h, and then carrying out cold rolling and annealing to obtain a high manganese steel plate;
step 4, deforming the annealed high manganese steel plate by 10-20% to obtain a final plate;
the pass reduction rate of 4-pass rolling in the step 2 is 25.7% -40%; wherein the first pass reduction rate is 25.7%, the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 38.5%, the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 37.5%, and the 4 th pass reduction rate is 40%;
the specific parameters for cold rolling in the step 3 are as follows: the total rolling reduction rate of cold rolling is more than 80 percent, and the thickness of the rolled steel is 1 plus or minus 0.1 mm;
the annealing process in the step 3 comprises the following steps: preserving the heat for 15-25 min at 750-850 ℃;
the structure of the high-manganese austenitic steel is austenite, the non-proportional elongation strength Rp0.2 of the high-manganese austenitic steel is more than or equal to 424MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 613MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 48 percent, and the 8h salt spray corrosion weight gain is less than or equal to 0.011mg/mm2。
2. The method for preparing a corrosion-resistant austenitic steel sheet with high manganese content according to claim 1, wherein the slab is preheated in step 2, specifically: and heating the plate blank to 1150-1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 +/-0.5 h.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the hot-rolled sheet thickness after 4 passes of rolling is 6 ± 0.3 mm.
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