CN112341245A - Method for preparing shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics - Google Patents

Method for preparing shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics Download PDF

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CN112341245A
CN112341245A CN202011403877.7A CN202011403877A CN112341245A CN 112341245 A CN112341245 A CN 112341245A CN 202011403877 A CN202011403877 A CN 202011403877A CN 112341245 A CN112341245 A CN 112341245A
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treatment
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waste plastics
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hollow brick
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丁玉龙
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Anhui Binjiang New Wall Material Co ltd
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Anhui Binjiang New Wall Material Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/067—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/1305—Organic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
    • C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics, which belongs to the technical field of hollow brick processing and comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating waste plastics; (2) premixing; (3) stirring and aging; (4) preparing green bricks; (5) and (5) preparing a finished product. The invention provides a method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics, wherein the waste plastics are recycled and used for preparing the sintered hollow brick, so that the cyclic utilization of resources is realized, the finally prepared hollow brick has excellent compression resistance by improving the processing technology, and compared with a control group, the method has the advantages of realizing energy conservation and environmental protection and improving the quality of the hollow brick.

Description

Method for preparing shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hollow brick processing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics.
Background
The hollow brick is a main wall material commonly used in the construction industry in recent years, and has become a product recommended by national construction departments firstly due to the advantages of light weight, less consumption of raw materials and the like. The percentage of the total area of the holes of the hollow bricks to the area of the bricks, called the hole rate of the hollow bricks, is generally more than 15%. Compared with solid bricks, the hollow bricks can save a large amount of soil for land and fuel for brick burning, and reduce the transportation weight; the labor intensity in brick making and building is reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated; the self weight of the building is reduced, the number of building layers is increased, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. However, the fatal defect of the hollow brick is poor earthquake resistance, and among 25 people who die in Yunnan Yingjiang earthquake, 11 people are dead due to collapse of the hollow brick house. Although research on improving the compression resistance of the hollow brick is more and more, the practical application process still has great defects and needs to be further improved.
With the continuous increase of global population, the continuous expansion of economic scale and the use of energy, the method brings huge environmental problems such as greenhouse effect and the like, and poses serious challenges to the survival and development of human beings. In the 'eleven-five' planning, energy consumption indexes are listed as restrictive indexes for the first time in China to evaluate all over the country, and the total energy consumption of domestic production in a unit during the 'eleven-five' period is required to be reduced by about 20%. According to the statistics of housing and urban and rural construction departments, the energy consumption of buildings in China is about 3 times that of developed countries, the total energy consumption of 24.6 hundred million tons of standard coal in the country in 2006 accounts for 15% of the total energy consumption in the world, and the energy consumption of buildings accounts for 10% of the total energy consumption from the beginning to the end and is increased to 30%. The building industry is the prop industry of national economy, and is parallel to the steel and automobile industry as three major prop industries in western economically developed countries. China is in the stage of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the achievements of economic development are witnessed, the energy consumption is increased day by day, the building energy consumption occupies a large proportion of the total social energy consumption, and the more developed the social economy, the higher the living standard, the larger the proportion, so the energy-saving building is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics, the waste plastics are recycled and used for preparing the sintered hollow brick, the resource recycling is realized, the finally prepared hollow brick has excellent compression resistance by improving the processing technology, and compared with a control group, the method has the advantages of realizing energy conservation and environmental protection and improving the quality of the hollow brick.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the ultraviolet irradiation treatment is finished;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, filtering out after the microwave treatment is finished, washing with water for 3-5 times, and drying for later use;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale into a high-pressure homogenizer together according to the weight ratio of 1: 10-14: 70-80 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 70-80% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 5-9% of fly ash, 2-4% of stone powder, 4-5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to corresponding weight percentages, stirring and mixing uniformly, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3-4 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green bricks in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting.
Further, the rotation speed of the pulverizer is controlled to be 400-600 rpm during the pulverizing treatment in the operation a of the step (1).
Further, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is controlled to be 230-270 nm during the ultraviolet light irradiation treatment in the operation b of the step (1), and the irradiation treatment time is 6-8 h.
Further, the treating fluid in the operation c of the step (1) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2010-12% of tween, 10-12% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5-7% of titanate coupling agent, 0.5-0.9% of nano zinc oxide, 1-2% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water.
Further, the power of the microwave is controlled to be 600-700W during the microwave treatment in the operation c of the step (1), and the time of the microwave treatment is 5-9 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the waste plastic is subjected to crushing treatment after being sorted and cleaned, the crushed waste plastic is more convenient for further processing treatment, and the crushed waste plastic is placed under ultraviolet light for irradiation treatment, so that the surface of the crushed waste plastic is subjected to chemical change, the surface of a high polymer of the crushed waste plastic is subjected to cracking, crosslinking and oxidation, the surface tension is improved, and the surface wettability and the adhesiveness of the waste plastic are improved. Then the hollow brick is immersed in the treatment liquid, under the auxiliary action of microwaves, the active ingredients in the treatment liquid act with the waste plastics, the surface activity of the waste plastics is improved, the interface effect between the waste plastics and the filler and other raw material components for preparing the hollow brick is weakened, and the tight combination between the waste plastics and other components is promoted, so that the compression strength of the hollow brick is improved, and the quality of the hollow brick is improved.
Further, the preparation of the modified filler in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 900-1000 ℃ for 10-12 min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, and taking out the wrapped nano silicon dioxide for later use;
3) and (3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to the electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at a constant temperature for 1-2 h, filtering and drying.
Further, the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2)7rad/s, and the time of electron beam irradiation treatment is 6-9 min.
Further, the modifying solution in the step 3) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-8% of silane coupling agent, 0.8-0.9% of n-octanol, 20-25% of glycerol, 1-3% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃ during constant-temperature stirring treatment, and the stirring speed is 300-400 rpm.
By adopting the technical scheme, a specially-made modified filler component is added in the preparation of the hollow brick for improving the strength of the hollow brick, the nano-silica is placed in a calcining furnace for calcining treatment and then wrapped by aluminum foil paper for electron beam irradiation treatment, when the calcined nano-silica is irradiated by high-energy electron beams, the energy of the incident electron beams is lost, atoms in impacted molecules are released and excited, the physical structure of the nano-silica is damaged, meanwhile, when the electron beam irradiation treatment is carried out, certain internal stress can be generated due to the constraint action of aluminum foil, a certain foundation is laid for subsequent operation, the nano-silica is put into a modifying solution for constant-temperature stirring, the effective components in the modifying solution are grafted to the surfaces of nano-particles, and the compatibility and the dispersibility of the nano-silica and the polymer surface are improved, and can improve mechanical properties.
Further, the working pressure is controlled to be 40-80 MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment in the step (2).
Further, the temperature rise rate during the roasting treatment in the step (5) is 60-80 ℃/h, and the roasting temperature is 1000-1200 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the modified filler, the pretreated waste plastic and shale are subjected to high-pressure homogenization treatment according to a proper weight ratio, and the materials are subjected to high-speed collision, high-frequency oscillation, instantaneous pressure drop, strong shearing, cavitation and other actions in the oscillation reaction cavity, so that the mutual fusion of the raw materials is promoted, and the stability of the improvement effect is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics, wherein the waste plastics are recycled and used for preparing the sintered hollow brick, so that the cyclic utilization of resources is realized, the finally prepared hollow brick has excellent compression resistance by improving the processing technology, and compared with a control group, the method has the advantages of realizing energy conservation and environmental protection and improving the quality of the hollow brick.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the data of the compression strength test of the air bricks of each example and the control group according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 400-600 rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after completion;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, controlling the wavelength of ultraviolet light to be 230-270 nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 6-8 hours;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment liquid, then placing the treatment liquid immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 600-700W during the microwave treatment, filtering after 5-9 min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 3-5 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2010-12% of tween, 10-12% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5-7% of titanate coupling agent, 0.5-0.9% of nano zinc oxide, 1-2% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to a weight ratio of 1: 10-14: 70-80 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 40-80 MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 900-1000 ℃ for 10-12 min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 6-9 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 1-2 h, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-8% of a silane coupling agent, 0.8-0.9% of n-octanol, 20-25% of glycerol, 1-3% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃ during constant-temperature stirring treatment, and the stirring speed is 300-400 rpm;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 70-80% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 5-9% of fly ash, 2-4% of stone powder, 4-5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to corresponding weight percentages, stirring and mixing uniformly, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3-4 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) roasting the dried green brick in the step (4) in an electric furnace, wherein the temperature rise rate is 60-80 ℃/h and the roasting temperature is 1000-1200 ℃ during roasting treatment.
For further explanation of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 400rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, controlling the wavelength of ultraviolet light to be 230nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 6 hours;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment liquid, then placing the treatment liquid immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 600W during the microwave treatment, filtering after 5min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 3 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: tween 2010, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 10%, titanate coupling agent 5%, nano zinc oxide 0.5%, polydimethylsiloxane 1% and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:10:70 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 40MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 900 ℃ for 10min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.2mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.2 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 6 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 1h, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of silane coupling agent, 0.8% of n-octanol, 20% of glycerol, 1% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃ during constant-temperature stirring treatment, and the stirring speed is 300 rpm;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 70% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 5% of fly ash, 2% of stone powder and 4% of furnace slag according to the corresponding weight percentage, and putting the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3d after uniformly stirring and mixing the balance of water;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate is 60 ℃/h and the roasting temperature is 1000 ℃.
Example 2
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 500rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, controlling the wavelength of ultraviolet light to be 250nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 7 hours;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 650W during the microwave treatment, filtering after 7min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 4 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2011% of tween, 11% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6% of titanate coupling agent, 0.7% of nano zinc oxide, 1.5% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:12:75 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 60MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 950 ℃ for 11min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.25mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.35 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 7.5 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 1.5h, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of silane coupling agent, 0.85% of n-octanol, 22.5% of glycerol, 2% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 85 ℃ and the stirring speed is 350rpm during constant-temperature stirring treatment;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 75% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 7% of fly ash, 3% of stone powder, 4.5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3.5 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate during roasting treatment is 70 ℃/h, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Example 3
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 600rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, wherein the wavelength of ultraviolet light is controlled to be 270nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 8 hours;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into a treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 700W during the microwave treatment, filtering out after 9min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 5 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2012% of tween, 12% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 7% of titanate coupling agent, 0.9% of nano zinc oxide, 2% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:14:80 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 80MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 1000 ℃ for 12min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.3mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.5 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 9 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 2 hours, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8% of silane coupling agent, 0.9% of n-octanol, 25% of glycerol, 3% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 90 ℃ and the stirring speed is 400rpm during constant-temperature stirring treatment;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 80% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 9% of fly ash, 4% of stone powder, 5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 4 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate is 80 ℃/h and the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃ during roasting treatment.
Example 4
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 500rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. immersing the waste plastics treated in the operation a into a treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastics into a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the microwave power to be 650W during the microwave treatment, filtering after 7min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 4 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2011% of tween, 11% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6% of titanate coupling agent, 0.7% of nano zinc oxide, 1.5% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:12:75 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 60MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 950 ℃ for 11min, and taking out for later use;
2) will be described in detail1) Wrapping the nano silicon dioxide after the medium calcination treatment by using aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.25mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.35 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 7.5 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 1.5h, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of silane coupling agent, 0.85% of n-octanol, 22.5% of glycerol, 2% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 85 ℃ and the stirring speed is 350rpm during constant-temperature stirring treatment;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 75% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 7% of fly ash, 3% of stone powder, 4.5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3.5 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate during roasting treatment is 70 ℃/h, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Example 5
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 500rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, wherein the wavelength of ultraviolet light is controlled to be 250nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out the waste plastic after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 7 hours;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:12:75 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 60MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 950 ℃ for 11min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.25mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.35 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 7.5 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 1.5h, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of silane coupling agent, 0.85% of n-octanol, 22.5% of glycerol, 2% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 85 ℃ and the stirring speed is 350rpm during constant-temperature stirring treatment;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 75% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 7% of fly ash, 3% of stone powder, 4.5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3.5 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate during roasting treatment is 70 ℃/h, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Example 6
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 500rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:12:75 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 60MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use; the preparation of the modified filler comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 950 ℃ for 11min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.25mm, and then placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.35 multiplied by 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment7rad/s, taking out for later use after electron beam irradiation treatment for 7.5 min;
3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at constant temperature for 1.5h, filtering and drying; wherein the modifying liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of silane coupling agent, 0.85% of n-octanol, 22.5% of glycerol, 2% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 85 ℃ and the stirring speed is 350rpm during constant-temperature stirring treatment;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 75% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 7% of fly ash, 3% of stone powder, 4.5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3.5 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate during roasting treatment is 70 ℃/h, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Example 7
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 500rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, controlling the wavelength of ultraviolet light to be 250nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 7 hours;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 650W during the microwave treatment, filtering after 7min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 4 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2011% of tween, 11% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6% of titanate coupling agent, 0.7% of nano zinc oxide, 1.5% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the nano silicon dioxide, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:12:75 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 60MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 75% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 7% of fly ash, 3% of stone powder, 4.5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3.5 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate during roasting treatment is 70 ℃/h, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Example 8
A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 500rpm during crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, controlling the wavelength of ultraviolet light to be 250nm during the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the irradiation treatment is carried out for 7 hours;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 650W during the microwave treatment, filtering after 7min of microwave treatment, washing with water for 4 times, and drying for later use; wherein the treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2011% of tween, 11% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6% of titanate coupling agent, 0.7% of nano zinc oxide, 1.5% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water;
(2) premixing:
placing the shale, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale together in a high-pressure homogenizer according to the weight ratio of 1:12:75 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, controlling the working pressure to be 60MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 75% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 7% of fly ash, 3% of stone powder, 4.5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to the corresponding weight percentage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3.5 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green brick in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting, wherein the temperature rise rate during roasting treatment is 70 ℃/h, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Control group
The application numbers are: CN201410503452.1 discloses a wear-resistant hollow brick containing purple sand shale. Reference is made specifically to the method of example 1, a specific embodiment of the invention.
In order to compare the effects of the invention, the hollow bricks are correspondingly prepared by the methods of the embodiment 2, the embodiments 4-8 and the comparison group respectively, and then the compressive strength is measured by an NYL-600 type pressure tester according to the GB/2542-2003 wall brick test method. Each set of experiments was performed in parallel with 6 replicates, and the data for the specific experiments are shown in figure 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the method for preparing the shale sintered hollow brick by using the waste plastics recycles the waste plastics for preparing the sintered hollow brick, realizes the recycling of resources, improves the processing technology, and has the advantages that the finally prepared hollow brick has excellent compression resistance and is remarkable compared with a control group.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) waste plastic pretreatment:
a. sorting and cleaning waste plastics, then placing the waste plastics into a crusher for crushing treatment, and taking out the waste plastics for later use after the crushing treatment is finished;
b. b, placing the waste plastic crushed in the operation a under an ultraviolet lamp for ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and taking out for later use after the ultraviolet irradiation treatment is finished;
c. immersing the waste plastic subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the operation b into the treatment solution, then placing the treatment solution immersed with the waste plastic in a microwave environment for microwave treatment, filtering out after the microwave treatment is finished, washing with water for 3-5 times, and drying for later use;
(2) premixing:
placing the modified filler, the waste plastic pretreated in the step (1) and the shale into a high-pressure homogenizer together according to the weight ratio of 1: 10-14: 70-80 for high-pressure homogenization treatment, and taking out a homogenized product for later use;
(3) stirring and aging treatment:
weighing 70-80% of the homogeneous product obtained in the step (2), 5-9% of fly ash, 2-4% of stone powder, 4-5% of furnace slag and the balance of water according to corresponding weight percentages, stirring and mixing uniformly, and placing the mixture into an aging warehouse for sealed aging for 3-4 d;
(4) preparing green bricks:
putting the aging product obtained in the step (3) into a brick making machine, making into green bricks by vacuumizing, extruding and cutting, and drying for later use;
(5) and (3) preparing a finished product:
and (4) placing the dried green bricks in the step (4) into an electric furnace for roasting.
2. The method for preparing the shale sintered hollow brick by using the waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is controlled to be 400-600 rpm during the crushing treatment in the operation a of the step (1).
3. The method for preparing the shale-fired hollow brick from the waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet light irradiation treatment in the operation b of the step (1) is performed by controlling the wavelength of the ultraviolet light to be 230-270 nm and the irradiation treatment time to be 6-8 h.
4. The method for preparing the shale sintered hollow brick by using the waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the treating fluid in the operation c of the step (1) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2010-12% of tween, 10-12% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5-7% of titanate coupling agent, 0.5-0.9% of nano zinc oxide, 1-2% of polydimethylsiloxane and the balance of pure water.
5. The method for preparing the shale-fired hollow brick from the waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave power is controlled to be 600-700W during the microwave treatment in the operation c of the step (1), and the microwave treatment time is 5-9 min.
6. The method for preparing shale sintered hollow bricks from waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the modified filler in step (2) comprises the following steps:
1) placing the nano silicon dioxide in a calcining furnace, calcining at 900-1000 ℃ for 10-12 min, and taking out for later use;
2) wrapping the calcined nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) with aluminum foil paper with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, placing the wrapped nano silicon dioxide on a GJ-1.5 type high-frequency high-voltage high-power electron accelerator for electron beam irradiation treatment, and taking out the wrapped nano silicon dioxide for later use;
3) and (3) immersing the nano silicon dioxide subjected to the electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2) into the modified solution, stirring at a constant temperature for 1-2 h, filtering and drying.
7. The method for preparing shale-fired hollow bricks from waste plastics according to claim 6, wherein the irradiation dose is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 x 10 during the electron beam irradiation treatment in the step 2)7rad/s, and the time of electron beam irradiation treatment is 6-9 min.
8. The method for preparing the shale sintered hollow brick by using the waste plastics as claimed in claim 6, wherein the modifying liquid in the step 3) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-8% of silane coupling agent, 0.8-0.9% of n-octanol, 20-25% of glycerol, 1-3% of sodium diacetate and the balance of deionized water, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃ during constant-temperature stirring treatment, and the stirring speed is 300-400 rpm.
9. The method for preparing the shale sintered hollow brick by using the waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working pressure is controlled to be 40-80 MPa during the high-pressure homogenization treatment in the step (2).
10. The method for preparing the shale sintered hollow brick by using the waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature rise rate during the roasting treatment in the step (5) is 60-80 ℃/h, and the roasting temperature is 1000-1200 ℃.
CN202011403877.7A 2020-12-04 2020-12-04 Method for preparing shale sintered hollow brick by using waste plastics Withdrawn CN112341245A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113582664A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-02 安徽龙钰徽派古建工艺制品有限公司 Preparation process of heat-insulating sintered brick containing construction waste

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113582664A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-02 安徽龙钰徽派古建工艺制品有限公司 Preparation process of heat-insulating sintered brick containing construction waste

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