CN112341151A - Sintered brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a sintered brick and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of resource recycling. The invention comprehensively utilizes two solid wastes of water-based drilling rock debris and fly ash at the same time, has high utilization rate in the treatment process, no secondary pollution and higher added value of products; in addition to adding 10% of internal combustion coal in the process of producing the baked bricks, other expensive additives are not needed, the production cost is low, the technology is mature, and the practicability is strong; the compressive strength, the water absorption and other related properties of the produced sintered brick meet the standard of GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks. Compared with the traditional drilling solid waste stacking treatment and roadbed filling method, the method has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, capability of utilizing resources to the maximum extent, relatively small potential influence on the environment, obvious environmental protection benefit and higher economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a baked brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Natural gas is a clean energy source of good quality. The natural gas reserves in China are abundant, the natural gas utilization structure is continuously optimized, the China vigorously promotes the development of the natural gas industry, the consumption of the natural gas is still in a rapid growth stage at present, and the natural gas demand in China is expected to grow by more than 15% every year in 20 years in future. A large amount of drilling waste is generated in the drilling process of a natural gas well, tens of thousands of wells are newly added in China every year, and according to statistical measurement and calculation, the average drilling cuttings and waste drilling fluid amount of a typical single well (the well depth is 3500 meters) is about 1000m3. With the increase of natural gas production, the problem of treatment and disposal of drilling wastes is gradually highlighted, and the Su-Li-Ge gas field alone has about 100 ten thousand meters per year3The waste is generated and the quantity is huge. At present, the drilling solid waste is mainly stored, not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also causes potential ecological environment risks, and the comprehensive utilization of the drilling waste becomes a main driving force for the continuous development of the natural gas industry.
The natural gas in China mainly adopts two drilling systems in the process of exploitation: one is water-based well drilling, which is mainly used in a region with shallow burial of a target layer and stable geological development of an upper cover layer, such as a Suliger gas field, and the drilling fluid of the well drilling adopts a water-based system; the other is an oil-based drilling system which is mainly used in areas with complex stratum and easy hydration and collapse of shale, such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Xinjiang and the like. Compared with oil-based drilling solid waste, the water-based drilling solid waste has less environmental hazard, wherein the main substances harmful to the environment are inorganic salts, petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and the like, if the pollutants are not effectively treated, the pollutants directly cause environmental pollution of soil, underground water and the like, and the pollutants directly or indirectly harm vegetation, animals and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a baked brick and a method for preparing the same. The invention utilizes the drill cuttings to produce the baked brick, thereby greatly reducing the environmental risk of solid waste of the drill, and all indexes of the prepared baked brick meet the standard requirements.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a baked brick, which comprises the following steps;
sieving the water-based drilling rock debris to obtain a rock debris sample with the particle size of not more than 5 mm;
adjusting the water content of the rock debris sample to 20% +/-2% by using water to obtain rock debris sample slurry;
mixing the rock debris sample slurry, the efficient stabilizer and the improved blender to obtain drilling solid waste;
mixing the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash to obtain a mixture;
sequentially stirring and forming the mixture and water to prepare a green brick;
and drying, sintering and cooling the green brick in sequence to obtain the sintered brick.
Preferably, the improved blending agent is calcium sulfate, ferric sulfate or ferrous sulfate; the high efficiency stabilizer is PAC (polyaluminium chloride).
Preferably, when the improved blending agent is ferrous sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 0.3-0.6% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the high-efficiency stabilizer is 1.0-1.4% of the mass of the rock debris sample;
or, when the improved blending agent is calcium sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 5-9% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the high-efficiency stabilizer is 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the mass of the rock debris sample;
or, when the improved blending agent is ferric sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 0.125-1% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the high-efficiency stabilizer is 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the rock debris sample.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the high-efficiency stabilizer to the improved blending agent is 3: 1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash is 50-60: 10: 40-50.
Preferably, the mass percentage of water in the green brick is 10-15%.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 15-25 ℃ and the drying time is 48-60 h.
Preferably, the sintering temperature is 900-1100 ℃, and the time is 10-15 h.
The invention also provides the baked brick prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme.
The invention provides a preparation method of a baked brick, which comprises the following steps: sieving the water-based drilling rock debris to obtain a rock debris sample with the particle size of not more than 5 mm; adjusting the water content of the rock debris sample to 20% +/-2% by using water to obtain rock debris sample slurry; mixing the rock debris sample slurry, the efficient stabilizer and the improved blender to obtain drilling solid waste; mixing the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash to obtain a mixture; sequentially stirring and forming the mixture and water to prepare a green brick; and drying, sintering and cooling the green brick in sequence to obtain the sintered brick. The invention comprehensively utilizes two solid wastes of water-based drilling rock debris and fly ash at the same time, has high utilization rate in the treatment process, no secondary pollution and higher added value of products; in addition to adding 10% of internal combustion coal in the process of producing the baked bricks, other expensive additives are not needed, the production cost is low, the technology is mature, and the practicability is strong; the compressive strength, the water absorption and other related properties of the produced sintered brick meet the standard of GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks. Compared with the traditional drilling solid waste stacking treatment and roadbed filling method, the method has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, capability of utilizing resources to the maximum extent, relatively small potential influence on the environment, obvious environmental protection benefit and higher economic value. In addition, in the prior art, the pollutants in the rock debris are removed by using multi-purpose cement and a high-alkaline curing agent, but the curing agent can not change the activity of the pollutants and only plays a role of wrapping, a cured body has the risk of secondary leaching, and aiming at the problem of potential environmental safety hazards of the water-based drilling rock debris, the invention changes the state of the wrapped pollutants in the water-based drilling rock debris, effectively increases the contact area of the stabilizing agent and the pollutants and accurately cures and stabilizes the pollutants based on the combined action of the improved blender and the high-efficiency stabilizing agent. Through improvement treatment, the alkalinity is effectively reduced, the phenomenon of alkali return is avoided, the toxicity, the mobility and the solubility of waste are reduced, and the harm to the environment is reduced; the high-efficiency stabilizer and the improved blender can accurately solidify and stabilize pollutants, avoid the alkali return phenomenon of solidified bodies, and have the advantages of low addition amount, controllable cost and simple operation. The invention takes water-based drilling cuttings as raw materials to prepare green building materials, removes pollutants through a high-efficiency stabilizer and an improved blender to meet the pollution control requirement of preparing sintered bricks, simultaneously removes organic pollutants in the water-based drilling cuttings through sintering action, realizes the low-cost preparation of the sintered bricks by stable and improved solid wastes and brick making soil, simplifies the process, is the most economical, feasible, safe and environment-friendly treatment mode for recycling solid wastes, greatly reduces the environmental risk of the water-based drilling cuttings, detects the produced sintered bricks according to related indexes, shows that all indexes meet the standard requirement, the related performances such as compressive strength, water absorption and the like meet the standard of GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks, can realize the low-cost preparation of the sintered bricks, and not only can solve the pollution of the water-based drilling cuttings, The problem of stacking is solved, and the water-based drilling rock debris is recycled.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the method can solve the environmental pollution caused by the piling of the water-based drilling cuttings, solve the final problem of the solid waste of the drilling and relieve the pressure of the drilling process on the surrounding ecological environment; 2. the sintered brick prepared by high-temperature sintering can thoroughly achieve the aim of harmlessness and avoid secondary pollution of heavy metals and the like; 3. effectively improving the added value of the water-based drilling rock debris recycling product and bringing objective economic income; 4. simultaneously, the resourceful treatment of two different solid wastes of the fly ash and the water-based drilling cuttings is solved; 5. the gas field development area has large demand on building materials such as sintered bricks and the like, and can be directly used for well site construction to save cost and expense. The technology has good landing performance and good environmental, economic and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process for preparing a sintered brick according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of water absorption and strength of sintered bricks made of solid waste of drilling well, internal combustion coal and fly ash in different mass proportions.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a baked brick, which comprises the following steps;
sieving the water-based drilling rock debris to obtain a rock debris sample with the particle size of not more than 5 mm;
adjusting the water content of the rock debris sample to 20% +/-2% by using water to obtain rock debris sample slurry;
mixing the rock debris sample slurry, the efficient stabilizer and the improved blender to obtain drilling solid waste;
mixing the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash to obtain a mixture;
sequentially stirring and forming the mixture and water to prepare a green brick;
and drying, sintering and cooling the green brick in sequence to obtain the sintered brick.
In the present invention, the water content of the drilling solid waste is preferably less than 40%. In the invention, the solid waste of the drilling well is preferably leached according to the GB5086.1-1997 method, and the COD concentration and the pH value are detected, and the solid waste can be used for subsequent treatment after reaching the standard.
In the present invention, the improved blending agent is preferably calcium sulfate, iron sulfate or ferrous sulfate; the high efficiency stabilizer is PAC (polyaluminium chloride). The invention changes the state of the wrapped pollutants in the water-based drilling cuttings based on the combined action of the improved blender and the efficient stabilizer, effectively increases the contact area of the stabilizer and the pollutants, and accurately solidifies and stabilizes the pollutants. Through improvement treatment, the alkalinity is effectively reduced, the phenomenon of alkali return is avoided, the toxicity, the mobility and the solubility of waste are reduced, and the harm to the environment is reduced; the high-efficiency stabilizer and the improved blender can accurately solidify and stabilize pollutants, avoid the alkali return phenomenon of solidified bodies, and have the advantages of low addition amount, controllable cost and simple operation. The invention takes water-based drilling rock debris as a raw material to prepare a green building material, removes pollutants through a high-efficiency stabilizer and an improved blender to meet the pollution control requirement of preparing the baked brick, simultaneously removes organic pollutants in the water-based drilling rock debris through a sintering effect, realizes the preparation of the baked brick at low cost by using the stabilized and improved solid waste and brick making soil, simplifies the process, is the most economical, feasible, safe and environment-friendly treatment mode for recycling solid waste, and greatly reduces the environmental risk of the water-based drilling rock debris.
In the invention, when the improved blending agent is ferrous sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 0.3-0.6% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the efficient stabilizer is preferably 1.0-1.4% of the mass of the rock debris sample;
or, when the improved blending agent is calcium sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 5-9% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the efficient stabilizer is preferably 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the rock debris sample;
or, when the improved blending agent is preferably ferric sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is preferably 0.125-1% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the efficient stabilizer is preferably 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the rock debris sample.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the high-potency stabilizer to the improved blending agent is preferably 3: 1.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash is preferably 50-60: 10: 40-50.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the mixing further comprises pulverizing and sieving in this order.
In the invention, the water content in the green brick is preferably 10-15% by mass.
In the present invention, the stirring and forming are preferably performed in a brick-making mixture stirring system, and the present invention does not specifically limit the specific parameters of the stirring and forming, and can be performed in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 15-25 ℃, and the drying time is preferably 48-60 h.
In the invention, the sintering temperature is preferably 900-1100 ℃, the time is preferably 10-15 h, and the heat preservation time is preferably 30-120 min. In the present invention, the sintering is preferably carried out in a brick kiln. In the present invention, the heating rate for heating to the sintering temperature is preferably 10 to 25 ℃/min.
In the present invention, the cooling is preferably furnace cooling.
The invention also provides the baked brick prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are given to illustrate the sintered bricks and the preparation and application thereof, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Table 1 shows the equipment for making the baked bricks.
TABLE 1 apparatus for producing baked bricks
| Instrumentation and equipment | Function(s) | Model number | Remarks for note |
| Box type resistance furnace | Firing | SX2-10-13 | Beijing Electric Furnace Factory |
| Electric heating blowing dry box | Drying | CS101-3E | China and foreign Joint Committee Sida laboratory Instrument company |
| Electronic balance | Weighing machine | PL2002 | Botler-Tollido instruments Ltd |
| Hydraulic press | Strength of | MTS |
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process for preparing a sintered brick according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Taking the water-based drilling cuttings of the Ordoss Su Li gas field as an example, the method comprises the following steps:
sieving water-based drilling rock debris (index shown in Table 2) to obtain rock debris sample with particle size not greater than 5mm, adjusting water content of rock debris sample to 20% with water, adding high efficiency stabilizer (PAC, amount of 1.2% of rock debris sample mass) and improved blender (FeSO)4And the dosage is 0.4 percent of the mass of the rock debris sample), mixing and stirring uniformly, mixing with the internal combustion coal and the fly ash, and solidifying waste according to the drilling: internal combustion coal: mixing the fly ash at a ratio of 50-60: 10: 40-50 to obtain a mixture, transferring the mixture to a brick making mixed material stirring system, adding a certain amount of tap water, stirring, forming to prepare a green brick, sintering, cooling, and discharging from a kiln to obtain a sintered brick finished product. The roasting temperature is 1000 ℃ (± 50 ℃), the heating rate is 20 ℃ (± 5 ℃)/min, the roasting time is 12h (+/-1 h), and the heat preservation time is 90min (+/-10 min). According to related detection standards, the prepared sintered brick has the compressive strength of more than or equal to 20MPa, the water absorption of less than or equal to 21 percent, no frost formation and lime burst, and the comprehensive performance index meeting the standard requirements of GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks.
Experimental protocol
The drilling solid waste, internal combustion coal and fly ash are used as raw materials, and the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash are composed of the following components in percentage by mass: a: 4:1:5, B: 3:1:6, C: 5:1:4, D: 6:1:3.
TABLE 2 summary of water-based drilling cuttings indicators
Fig. 2 is a water absorption and strength change curve of the sintered brick prepared from solid waste of drilling, internal combustion coal and fly ash with different mass proportions, and it can be known that the sintered brick is prepared from water-based drilling rock debris, and the final formula is determined by tests: the mass ratio of the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash is 5:1: 4.
Study on the influence of sintering temperature, time and heating rate on the sintered brick
According to the selected orthogonal experimental design shown in the table 3, the test result is compared with the standard GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks, the test result is shown in the table 4, the optimal firing system process level combination is obtained by optimizing combination and performing influence degree analysis: A2B2C3D3, namely sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, heating rate is 15 ℃/min, sintering time is 12h, and heat preservation time is 90 min.
TABLE 3 orthogonal design of sintering tests
TABLE 4 results of sintering tests
In summary, the test determines the final formulation of the baked brick prepared from the water-based drilling cuttings: the mass ratio of the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash is 5:1: 4. The sintering process is as follows: the temperature is 1000 ℃, the heating rate is 15 ℃/min, the roasting time is 12h, and the heat preservation time is 90 min. The performance indexes of the obtained sintered brick are that the compressive strength is 24MPa, the water absorption is 14.6%, no frost is formed, no lime is cracked, and the performance meets the standard of GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the baked brick is characterized by comprising the following steps;
sieving the water-based drilling rock debris to obtain a rock debris sample with the particle size of not more than 5 mm;
adjusting the water content of the rock debris sample to 20% +/-2% by using water to obtain rock debris sample slurry;
mixing the rock debris sample slurry, the efficient stabilizer and the improved blender to obtain drilling solid waste;
mixing the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash to obtain a mixture;
sequentially stirring and forming the mixture and water to prepare a green brick;
and drying, sintering and cooling the green brick in sequence to obtain the sintered brick.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the improved blending agent is calcium sulfate, iron sulfate, or ferrous sulfate; the high-efficiency stabilizer is polyaluminium chloride.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein when the improved blending agent is ferrous sulfate, the amount of the improved blending agent is 0.3-0.6% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the high-efficiency stabilizer is 1.0-1.4% of the mass of the rock debris sample;
or, when the improved blending agent is calcium sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 5-9% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the high-efficiency stabilizer is 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the mass of the rock debris sample;
or, when the improved blending agent is ferric sulfate, the dosage of the improved blending agent is 0.125-1% of the mass of the rock debris sample; the dosage of the high-efficiency stabilizer is 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the rock debris sample.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the high potency stabilizer to the improved blending agent is 3: 1.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the drilling solid waste, the internal combustion coal and the fly ash is 50-60: 10: 40-50.
6. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of water in the green brick is 10-15%.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying is carried out at a temperature of 15 to 25 ℃ for 48 to 60 hours.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 900-1100 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-15 h.
9. A baked brick produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN101224956A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-23 | 四川仁智石化科技有限责任公司 | Method for preparing standard sintered brick by waste drilling fluid cured resin |
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