CN112341069B - Mixed sand and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Mixed sand and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112341069B CN112341069B CN202011190833.0A CN202011190833A CN112341069B CN 112341069 B CN112341069 B CN 112341069B CN 202011190833 A CN202011190833 A CN 202011190833A CN 112341069 B CN112341069 B CN 112341069B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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Abstract
The invention relates to mixed sand and a preparation method and application thereof. The mixed sand is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-40% of tailings, 20-40% of machine-made sand and 32-60% of natural sand. The mixed sand is light and has strong matching effect. The dry-mixed mortar prepared by the method can enhance the anti-segregation effect, and the obtained dry-mixed mortar has strong water retention, good compression and folding resistance, small shrinkage, high consolidation rate and stable quality, and all indexes meet the requirements. In addition, the method reduces the requirement on natural sand, is environment-friendly and very environment-friendly, can also reduce the production cost, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical industry, in particular to mixed sand and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the national urbanization and infrastructure construction, the consumption of building materials such as natural sand and the like is rapidly increased. Therefore, the natural sand for construction is subjected to transitional mining, and the natural environment is damaged.
With the proposal of national ecological civilization construction, how to find a substitute of natural sand and reduce transition and illegal exploitation of the natural sand is a problem which needs to be solved at present. According to research, tailings and machine-made sand are widely concerned because of the characteristics of large amount and low price, and can replace part of natural sand.
At present, a plurality of researches are carried out on the tailings or the machine-made sand and the natural sand which are mixed together to form the mortar for the building, but the tailings, the machine-made sand and the natural sand are directly compounded in pairs or are compounded together, so that the problems of uncontrollable mortar quality, segregation, low slurry yield, low mortar strength, low early-stage strength of products, low yield, low consolidation rate, easy crack and the like are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the mixed sand which is light and has good anti-segregation effect, is used for preparing the dry-mixed mortar, and has the advantages of light weight, good anti-segregation effect, strong water retention property, good compression resistance and folding resistance, small shrinkage, high consolidation rate and stable quality.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the mixed sand is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
10-40% of tailings,
32 to 60 percent of natural sand,
20% -40% of machine-made sand;
the screen residue of the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand is as follows in percentage by mass:
in one embodiment, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand have the following screen residue in percentage by mass:
in one embodiment, the particle size of the tailings is less than or equal to 2.36 mm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the particle size of the natural sand is less than or equal to 2.36 mm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the grain size of the machine-made sand is less than or equal to 2.36 mm.
In one embodiment, the water content of the tailings is 8-15%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the mud content of the natural sand is less than 5.0 percent, and the mud block content is less than 2.0 percent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the mixed sand, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the tailings, the machine-made sand and the natural sand.
The invention also provides application of the mixed sand. The technical scheme is as follows:
the dry-mixed mortar is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
in one embodiment, the filler is fly ash, the water requirement ratio of the fly ash is less than or equal to 105%, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 8.0%, and the fineness of 45-micron square-hole screen residue is less than or equal to 30.0%.
In one embodiment, the lubricant is selected from calcium bentonite or sodium bentonite; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the cement is at least one of PO 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 32.5-grade ordinary portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement.
In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the dry-mixed mortar further comprise an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is at least one selected from cellulose ether, a suspending agent, a water reducing agent and a retarder.
In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the dry-mixed mortar comprise dry materials and auxiliaries;
the dry material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total amount of the dry materials:
0.005-0.025 percent of cellulose ether,
0.005-0.025 percent of suspending agent,
0.005-0.025 percent of water reducing agent.
In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the dry-mixed mortar comprise dry materials and auxiliaries;
the dry material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total amount of the dry materials:
0.005-0.015 percent of cellulose ether,
0.005-0.015 percent of suspending agent,
0.005-0.015% of water reducing agent.
In one embodiment, the cellulose ether is selected from at least one of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether, hydroxycellulose ethyl ether, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the suspending agent is at least one selected from CASUCOL301, OPAGELCMT and PAGELTP 6; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the water reducing agent is at least one selected from polycarboxylate water reducing agents and naphthalene water reducing agents.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dry-mixed mortar, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the mixed sand, the cement, the lubricant and the filler.
The invention also provides application of the dry-mixed mortar in shield synchronous grouting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the formula of the mixed sand provided by the invention comprises specific mass percent, specific tailings, machine-made sand and natural sand. By adjusting the grading data and the proportion of the three types of sand, the fineness modulus of the mixed sand reaches 1.5-2.0, the mixed sand is light in weight, and a good framework can be formed. In addition, the use of the tailings can solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by random stacking of the tailings, reduce the requirement on natural sand, is environment-friendly and very environment-friendly, can also reduce the production cost, and has wide application prospect.
If the mixed sand, the filler, the cement and the lubricant are used together for preparing the dry-mixed mortar, the filler can ensure the strength of the dry-mixed mortar, reduce the consumption of the mixed sand and reduce the cost; the lubricant plays a role in lubrication, so that shield construction is facilitated; the cement is used as a base material and a cementing material, and the strength of the mortar can be improved. The addition of the mixed sand can save the cement consumption, the prepared mortar is lighter, the workability and the anti-segregation effect of the mortar are enhanced, the problems of uncontrollable mortar quality, low early strength of products and the like caused by the addition of tailings and machine-made sand are solved, the obtained dry-mixed mortar is strong in water retention, good in compression resistance and folding resistance, small in shrinkage rate, high in consolidation rate and stable in quality, and all indexes meet requirements.
Furthermore, if the auxiliary agents such as cellulose ether, a suspending agent, a water reducing agent and a retarder are added into the dry-mixed mortar formula according to a specific mass ratio, the segregation resistance and the water retention of the mortar can be further enhanced, and the smooth construction of a shield is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The natural sand is consumed very much and is easy to damage the environment, and the tailings or the machine-made sand are mixed with the natural sand for use, so that the problems of uncontrollable mortar quality, low mortar strength, low mortar yield, segregation phenomenon, low early-stage strength of products, low yield, low consolidation rate, easy occurrence of cracks and the like are easily caused.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the dry-mixed mortar which is light, good in anti-segregation effect, strong in water retention, good in compression resistance and anti-folding property, small in shrinkage rate, high in consolidation rate and stable in quality.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the mixed sand is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
10-40% of tailings,
32 to 60 percent of natural sand,
20% -40% of machine-made sand;
the screen residue of the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand is as follows in percentage by mass:
the formula of the mixed sand provided by the invention comprises specific mass percent, specific tailings, machine-made sand and natural sand. By adjusting the grading data and the proportion of the three types of sand, the fineness modulus of the mixed sand reaches 1.5-2.0, the mixed sand is light in weight, and a good framework can be formed. In addition, the use of the tailings can solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by random stacking of the tailings, reduce the requirement on natural sand, is environment-friendly and very environment-friendly, can also reduce the production cost, and has wide application prospect.
If the mixed sand, the filler, the cement and the lubricant are used together for preparing the dry-mixed mortar, the filler can ensure the strength of the dry-mixed mortar, reduce the consumption of the mixed sand and reduce the cost; the lubricant plays a role in lubrication, so that shield construction is facilitated; the cement is used as a base material and a cementing material, and the strength of the mortar can be improved. The addition of the mixed sand can save the cement consumption, the prepared mortar is lighter, the workability and the anti-segregation effect of the mortar are enhanced, the problems of uncontrollable mortar quality, low early strength of products and the like caused by the addition of tailings and machine-made sand are solved, the obtained dry-mixed mortar is strong in water retention, good in compression resistance and folding resistance, small in shrinkage rate, high in consolidation rate and stable in quality, and all indexes meet requirements.
In one embodiment, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand have the following screen residue in percentage by mass:
in one preferred embodiment, the particle size of the tailings is less than or equal to 2.36 mm. The addition of the tailings can make the prepared mortar lighter, avoid segregation, reduce the consumption of natural sand and avoid influence on the strength of the mortar. And the mortar has stronger matching effect with machine-made sand and natural sand, and is more favorable for improving the segregation resistance, the strength and the consolidation rate of the mortar.
Furthermore, the water content of the tailings is 8-15%, the air consumption of the dried sand can be effectively reduced, the cost is reduced, and the water content of the finished dry-mixed mortar reaches a specified value.
In one preferred embodiment, the particle size of the natural sand is less than or equal to 2.36 mm. The natural sand is added, so that the prepared mortar is lighter, the segregation phenomenon is avoided, the consumption of the natural sand can be reduced, and the strength of the mortar is not influenced. And the compound agent has stronger matching effect with tailings and machine-made sand, and is more favorable for improving the segregation resistance, the strength and the consolidation rate of the mortar.
Further, the mud content of the natural sand is less than 5.0%, and the mud block content is less than 2.0%. The natural sand is added, the coordination effect of the natural sand, the tailings, the natural sand and the auxiliary agent is stronger, so that the prepared mortar is lighter, the segregation resistance of the mortar is improved, and the strength and the consolidation rate of the mortar are ensured.
In one preferred embodiment, the grain size of the machine-made sand is less than or equal to 2.36 mm. The machine-made sand is added, so that the prepared mortar is lighter, the segregation phenomenon is avoided, the consumption of natural sand can be reduced, and the strength of the mortar is not influenced. And the compound mortar has stronger matching effect with tailings and natural sand, and is more favorable for improving the segregation resistance, the strength and the consolidation rate of the mortar.
In one embodiment, the particle sizes of the tailings and the machine-made sand are 0.015-1.5 mm, and the particle sizes of the natural sand are 0.1-1.5 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the mixed sand, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the tailings, the machine-made sand and the natural sand.
The invention also provides application of the mixed sand. The technical scheme is as follows:
the dry-mixed mortar is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
in one embodiment, the filler is fly ash. The fly ash mainly contains silicon dioxide (SiO)2) Alumina (Al)2O3) And iron oxide (Fe)2O3). (1) The fly ash has the water reducing function, so that the water demand of the mortar can be reduced; the shape effect and the micro-aggregate effect of the fly ash can improve the compactness, the fluidity and the plasticity of the mortar and reduce bleeding and segregation; in addition, the setting time of the mortar can be prolonged. After the fly ash is doped, the mortar becomes sticky and soft, is not easy to bleed, is easy to smear, and improves the operating performance of the mortar. (2) Strength: in general, the decrease of the mortar strength is increased along with the increase of the mixing amount of the fly ash, particularly the early strength is more obviously decreased, but the later strength is improved. The amount of the fly ash replacing cement is related to the excess coefficient, and the strength of the mortar can be equal to that of the standard mortar by adjusting the excess coefficient of the fly ash. (3) Modulus of elasticity: the modulus of elasticity of the fly ash mortar is in direct proportion to the compressive strength. Compared with the common mortar, the fly ash mortar has the elastic modulus of 28d which is not lower than or even higher than that of the common mortar with the same compressive strength. The modulus of elasticity of the fly ash mortar is the same as the compressive strength, and also increases along with the increase of the age; this rate of increase is more pronounced if the amount of fresh mortar used is reduced due to the water reducing effect of the fly ash. (4) Deformability: the creep characteristic of the fly ash mortar is not different from that of the common mortar. The fly ash mortar is characterized in thatBetter workability, denser mortar and somewhat lower creep. In contrast, due to the lower early strength of fly ash mortar, various factors may affect creep to a greater extent than normal mortar during the initial loading period. The coal ash improves the workability of common mortar, so the shrinkage of the coal ash is lower than that of the common mortar; since the unburned carbon content of the fly ash adsorbs moisture, the higher the loss on ignition of the fly ash, the greater the shrinkage of the fly ash mortar, with the same workability. (5) Durability: it is believed that the impermeability of the fly ash mortar is better than that of the common mortar because the fly ash improves the pore structure of the mortar, and the impermeability of the fly ash mortar is improved along with the increase of the mixing amount of the fly ash.
Preferably, in the invention, the water requirement ratio of the fly ash is less than or equal to 105%, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 8.0%, and the fineness of 45-micron square-hole screen residue is less than or equal to 30.0%.
In one embodiment, the lubricant is bentonite. (1) The bentonite has good slurrying property, and the mortar can be full and smooth after being doped with the mortar; (2) when the water-retaining agent is matched with cellulose ether, the water retention property is improved, the construction property of the mortar is improved, the mortar becomes smooth and non-stick, and the construction is convenient; (2) the addition of the bentonite can improve the compressive strength of the mortar, so that the mortar is not easy to crack; (4) the cost is reduced.
Preferably, in the present invention, it is selected from calcium bentonite or sodium bentonite.
In one embodiment, the cement is at least one of a PO42.5 grade portland cement, a 32.5 grade portland cement, and a sulphoaluminate cement.
In one embodiment, the adjuvant is selected from at least one of a cellulose ether, a suspending agent, a water reducing agent, and a retarder.
The cellulose ether endows the mortar with excellent viscosity, can obviously increase the bonding capacity of the mortar and a base layer, improves the sag resistance of the mortar, and has the effects of water retention, thickening, thixotropy, air entraining, delayed coagulation and the like; the suspending agent can obviously improve the construction performance of the mortar, increase the mortar yield of the mortar, prevent sedimentation, and synergistically improve the anti-segregation performance of the mortar by being matched with the cellulose ether; the water reducing agent has a dispersing effect on cement particles, can improve the workability of the cement particles, reduces the unit water consumption and improves the fluidity of mortar; the retarder can prolong the setting time of mortar, and is convenient for shield construction.
In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the dry-mixed mortar comprise dry materials and auxiliaries;
the dry material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total amount of the dry materials:
0.005-0.025 percent of cellulose ether,
0.005-0.025 percent of suspending agent,
0.005-0.025 percent of water reducing agent.
In one preferred embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the dry-mixed mortar comprise dry materials and auxiliaries;
the dry material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total amount of the dry materials:
0.005-0.015 percent of cellulose ether,
0.005-0.015 percent of suspending agent,
0.005-0.015% of water reducing agent.
In one embodiment, the cellulose ether is selected from at least one of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether, hydroxycellulose ethyl ether, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. The cellulose ethers have stable performance, and hydroxyl groups and oxygen atoms on ether bonds in the structures are associated with water molecules to form hydrogen bonds to form a space network, so that free water is changed into bound water, a good water retention effect is achieved, mortar segregation and bleeding can be prevented, water can be prevented from being evaporated too fast or being absorbed too fast by a base material at the initial stage of maintenance, cement can be well hydrated, and the bonding strength of the mortar and the base material can be improved. Preferably, the cellulose ether is hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose.
In one embodiment, the suspending agent is selected from at least one of CASUCOL301, opagel cmt, PAGELTP 6. Preferably, the suspending agent is CASUCOL 301.
In one embodiment, the water reducer is selected from at least one of a polycarboxylate water reducer and a naphthalene based water reducer. Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dry-mixed mortar, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the mixed sand, the cement, the lubricant and the filler.
The invention also provides application of the dry-mixed mortar in shield synchronous grouting.
When the raw materials of the dry-mixed mortar also comprise cellulose ether, a suspending agent and a water reducing agent, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
The invention also provides application of the dry-mixed mortar in shield synchronous grouting.
The following are specific examples.
All starting materials are, unless otherwise specified, derived from commercially available products.
The cement in the following examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was ordinary PO42.5 grade ordinary portland cement; the water requirement ratio of the fly ash is less than or equal to 105 percent, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 8.0 percent, and the fineness of the 45 mu m square hole screen residue is less than or equal to 30.0 percent; the bentonite is calcium bentonite, and is purchased from Boruo county Xiongmao building materials Co.Ltd; the water reducing agent is a basf MELFLUX1641F water reducing agent; the mud content of the natural sand is less than 5.0 percent, and the mud block content is less than 2.0 percent.
The cellulose ethers in the following examples 1 to 6, 9 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ethers meeting the requirements of JC/T2190, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether MT400PFV (hereinafter referred to simply as cellulose ether) produced by the Dow company. Example 8 was hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, model MarcchemHPMC-30000 (S).
The following amylases in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 4: CASUCOL 301; example 9 is EXCELCON 100.
The compositions of tailings, natural sand, machine sand and mixed sand in examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The particle sizes of the tailings and the machine-made sand are both 0.015-1.5 mm, and the particle size of the natural sand is 0.15-1.5 mm.
Example 1
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 2
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 3
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 4
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 5
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 6
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 7
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof. In contrast to example 1, no cellulose ether was used in example 7.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the weight percentage of the dry material is 0.02%, the components are 0.01% of amylase and 0.02% of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, a lubricant and an auxiliary agent (including a suspending agent and a water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 8
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof. The cellulose ether used in example 8 was different in kind from that used in example 1.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the weight percentage of the dry material is 0.02%, the composition is 0.005% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.01% of amylase and 0.005% of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, a lubricant and an auxiliary agent (comprising hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a suspending agent and a water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 9
The embodiment provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof. The amylase used in example 9 was of a different type than that used in example 1.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the weight percentage of the dry material is 0.02%, the composition is 0.005% of cellulose ether, 0.01% of EXCELCON100 amylase and 0.005% of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides mixed sand and a preparation method thereof, and dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof.
(1) Composition of the mixed sand: see table 1.
(2) Preparing mixed sand: according to the composition proportion in the table 1, the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand are directly and uniformly mixed to obtain the mixed sand.
(3) The dry-mixed mortar comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
drying materials: 9% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 10% of bentonite and 51% of mixed sand; auxiliary agent: the mass percentage of the dry material is 0.02 percent, and the composition comprises 0.005 percent of cellulose ether, 0.01 percent of amylase and 0.005 percent of water reducing agent.
(4) Preparing dry-mixed mortar:
proportioning and mixing cement, fly ash, lubricant and auxiliary agents (including cellulose ether, suspending agent and water reducing agent) in the dry materials according to a ratio to obtain a mixture A;
and mixing the mixed sand in the dry material with the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Test examples
After the dry-mixed mortar prepared in examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was mixed with water and stirred into wet-mixed mortar, the performance thereof was tested, and the test method for each index was as follows:
water retention: reference is made to GB/T3183-1997 masonry cement appendix A.
Consolidation rate: refer to Q/ZTJHN1-2019 gelation shield grouting matched dry-mixed mortar
Setting time: the setting time is determined by GB/T1346 inspection method for water consumption, setting time and stability of standard consistency of cement.
28d compressive strength: the test is carried out according to 'basic performance test method of building mortar' JGJ T70-2009, and the specification of a test piece is 70.7mm multiplied by 70.7 mm.
Fluidity: the fluidity test was carried out according to GB50119-2003 appendix A, in which the truncated cone circular mould was modified in size to a height of 60. + -. 0.5 mm; the inner diameter of the upper port is 70mm plus or minus 0.5 mm; the inner diameter of the lower opening is 100mm plus or minus 0.5 mm; the outer diameter of the lower opening is 120 mm. Not less than 2000g of cement-based grouting material is weighed each time.
Appearance: the bleeding was visually observed and the segregation was measured with a steel ruler.
The data are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. The mixed sand is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
10-40% of tailings,
32 to 60 percent of natural sand,
20% -40% of machine-made sand;
the screen residue of the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand is as follows in percentage by mass:
the sum of the screen residue percentages of all the components of the natural sand is 100 percent.
2. The mixed sand of claim 1, wherein the tailings, the natural sand and the machine-made sand have the following screen residue in percentage by mass:
3. the mixed sand of claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the tailings is less than or equal to 2.36 mm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the particle size of the natural sand is less than or equal to 2.36 mm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the grain size of the machine-made sand is less than or equal to 2.36 mm.
4. The mixed sand of claim 3, wherein the water content of the tailings is 8-15%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the mud content of the natural sand is less than 5.0 percent, and the mud block content is less than 2.0 percent.
5. A method of preparing mixed sand according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
and mixing the tailings, the machine-made sand and the natural sand.
6. The dry-mixed mortar is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
40-59% of mixed sand as claimed in any one of claims 1-4,
8 to 15 percent of cement,
8 to 15 percent of lubricant,
25 to 40 percent of filler.
7. The dry-mixed mortar of claim 6, wherein the filler is fly ash, the water demand ratio of the fly ash is not more than 105%, the loss on ignition is not more than 8.0%, and the fineness of 45 μm square-hole screen residue is not more than 30.0%.
8. Dry-mixed mortar as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the lubricant is chosen from calcium-or sodium-bentonite; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the cement is at least one of PO 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 32.5-grade ordinary portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement.
9. The dry-mixed mortar of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the raw materials for preparing the dry-mixed mortar further comprise an auxiliary agent, the auxiliary agent being at least one selected from cellulose ethers, suspending agents, water reducing agents and retarders.
10. The dry-mixed mortar of claim 9, wherein the raw materials for preparation comprise dry materials and auxiliaries;
the dry material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
40-59% of mixed sand as claimed in any one of claims 1-4,
25 to 40 percent of filler,
8 to 15 percent of lubricant,
8 to 15 percent of cement;
the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total amount of the dry materials:
0.005-0.025 percent of cellulose ether,
0.005-0.025 percent of suspending agent,
0.005-0.025 percent of water reducing agent.
11. The dry-mixed mortar of claim 10, wherein the raw materials for preparation comprise dry materials and auxiliaries;
the dry material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
42-54% of mixed sand as claimed in any one of claims 1-4,
28 to 35 percent of filler,
9 to 12 percent of lubricant,
9 to 12 percent of cement;
the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of the total amount of the dry materials:
0.005-0.015 percent of cellulose ether,
0.005-0.015 percent of suspending agent,
0.005-0.015% of water reducing agent.
12. The dry-mixed mortar of claim 8, wherein the cellulose ether is selected from at least one of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether, hydroxycellulose ethyl ether, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the suspending agent is selected from at least one of CASUCOL301 and OPAGELCMT; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the water reducing agent is at least one selected from polycarboxylate water reducing agents and naphthalene water reducing agents.
13. A method of preparing a dry-mixed mortar as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 12, comprising the steps of:
and mixing the mixed sand, the cement, the lubricant and the filler.
14. Use of the dry-mixed mortar of any one of claims 6 to 12 in shield construction.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5102837A (en) * | 1989-09-18 | 1992-04-07 | Research And Development Of Natural Resources, Ltd. | Process for the preparation of opaliform porcellanite |
| CN105036621A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-11-11 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | High-strength superfine iron tailing mixed sand concrete |
| CN109369089A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-22 | 廊坊荣盛混凝土有限公司 | Mix the mortar of preparation again by iron tailings sand and artificial sand |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5102837A (en) * | 1989-09-18 | 1992-04-07 | Research And Development Of Natural Resources, Ltd. | Process for the preparation of opaliform porcellanite |
| CN105036621A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-11-11 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | High-strength superfine iron tailing mixed sand concrete |
| CN109369089A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-22 | 廊坊荣盛混凝土有限公司 | Mix the mortar of preparation again by iron tailings sand and artificial sand |
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