CN112339158A - Super-gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Super-gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112339158A CN112339158A CN201910735150.XA CN201910735150A CN112339158A CN 112339158 A CN112339158 A CN 112339158A CN 201910735150 A CN201910735150 A CN 201910735150A CN 112339158 A CN112339158 A CN 112339158A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a super-gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation and an application method thereof, wherein the super-gravity rotating bed comprises a shell, a motor, a liquid inlet cavity, a multi-layer disc distributor, a rotor, a static flow guide piece, a granulation assembly, a discharge assembly and a gas outlet; the supergravity rotating bed can realize the integrated process of removing volatile components, granulating and discharging of the thermoplastic polymer under the vacuum condition, avoids the series flow of an additional granulating device in the traditional plastic industry, and obviously reduces the occupied area and the energy consumption. Meanwhile, the advantages of the super-gravity rotating bed are exerted, so that the volatile components are removed more thoroughly, and the grain size of the granules is more uniform. The structure of the granulating device is adjusted, and the controllable appearance and size of the granules can be realized by matching with different rotating speeds of the rotating bed. The device and the method have important significance in the fields of plastic engineering, polymer engineering and hypergravity reactors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a super-gravity rotating bed and application thereof. More particularly, it relates to a supergravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation and its application.
Background
During polymerization of monomers into polymers, the final polymer product mostly contains low relative molecular mass components, namely Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), referred to as "volatiles", in which solvents, unreacted monomers, reaction by-products, and the like are all volatiles. In order to ensure the quality of the polymer, while satisfying safety considerations and environmental protection, these volatiles must be removed from the polymer, a process known as "polymer devolatilization" which is of secondary importance to the reaction process.
Thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene (PE), Polystyrene (PS) and the like play an important role in chemical industry and in people's daily life. Conventional devolatilization and pelletization processes for thermoplastic polymers are often performed separately. Among the most common and most commercially used devices for devolatilization are single or twin screw extruders. The material is continuously extruded and crushed in the screw extruder, and simultaneously absorbs heat energy brought by mechanical friction to continuously raise the temperature, and the devolatilization process is completed. The granulation process is completed by additional granulation equipment (for example, the equipment disclosed in Chinese patent 201520432940.8). The whole process is complicated, the occupied area of the equipment is large, and the energy consumption is high; meanwhile, the temperature of the material is unstable after leaving the screw, so that raw material or coke material is easy to generate.
The main equipment of the supergravity technology is a supergravity rotating bed, and a strong centrifugal force field generated by high-speed rotation of a rotor in the rotating bed can greatly strengthen the mixing and mass transfer processes, so that the supergravity reactor has the advantages of high mass transfer efficiency, small equipment size, low industrial energy consumption and the like. Chinese patent 200710120712.7 discloses a polymer devolatilization apparatus in a hypergravity environment. Under the environment of supergravity, the molecular diffusion and interphase mass transfer process is much faster than that under the conventional gravity field, and the huge shearing force can tear the liquid into a micron-level or even nano-level liquid film, liquid line and liquid drop, so that a huge and rapidly renewable phase interface is generated, and the devolatilization process of the polymer is enhanced. There is still the drawback that the devolatilization and pelletization processes are performed separately.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a super-gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation. The device realizes the integration of devolatilization, granulation and unloading of the supergravity polymer.
The term "polymer devolatilization process" in the present invention is abbreviated as "devolatilization".
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to use the supergravity rotating bed to carry out polymer devolatilization, granulation and unloading integration
In order to solve the first technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a super-gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation comprises a shell, a motor, a liquid inlet cavity, a multi-layer disc distributor, a rotor, a static flow guide piece, a granulation assembly, a discharge assembly and a gas outlet.
The rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the upper surface of the shell and extends into the shell;
the lower end of the motor rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the rotor;
a packing ring is fixed on the circumference of the upper surface of the rotor, and the middle part of the packing ring is of a cavity structure;
the liquid inlet cavity is arranged at the upper part of the shell;
the bottom of the liquid inlet cavity is communicated to the surface of a multilayer disc distributor arranged in the cavity structure of the packing ring through a liquid distribution pipeline;
a static flow guide part is arranged in a gap between the packing ring and the multilayer disc distributor;
a granulation assembly is arranged between the outer surface of the packing ring and the shell and is fixed on the inner wall of the shell;
the bottom of the shell is in a conical structure, and the lowest part of the right center of the bottom is provided with a discharging assembly;
the gas outlet is arranged on the upper surface of the shell.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the shell is coated with an external heating furnace.
Preferably, the liquid inlet cavity is of an annular structure, a plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged at the lower end of the liquid inlet cavity, and the liquid distribution pipes are uniformly distributed around the center shaft; the lower end of the liquid distribution pipe is laterally provided with a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is respectively sprayed to the surface of each layer of the multilayer disc distributor.
Preferably, each layer of disc of the multilayer disc distributor corresponds to 15-30mm thick filler; the disk distributor at the lowest layer is fixed at the lower end of the electrode rotating shaft through flange connection, the disk distributors at each layer are fixed between the upper layer and the lower layer through a plurality of rib plates, and the inner edge of each layer of disk distributor is provided with an overflow weir to prevent materials from flowing out of the inner edge of the disk.
Preferably, the surface of the multilayer disc distributor is provided with grooves or bulges; more preferably, the multi-layer disc distributor includes, according to the difference of the grooves or the protrusions: concentric ring groove type, spiral groove type, straight plate baffle type, arc plate baffle type, and square convex type.
Preferably, the packing rings fixed in the rotor are provided with a plurality of layers, a heating plate is arranged between each layer of packing rings, the heating plate is connected to a conductive slip ring fixed at the bottom of the rotor through a lead, and the conductive slip ring is externally connected with an external static power supply end fixed on the shell through a lead.
Preferably, the static diversion parts are fixed on the upper cover of the shell, and 4-32 diversion parts are arranged around the filler; more preferably, the static deflector comprises, depending on the type of plate: radial straight plate, straight plate which forms 1-90 degrees with radial direction, arc bending plate and flexible plate.
Preferably, the granulation assembly comprises a plurality of cooling tubes uniformly arranged along the periphery of the filler; the surface of each cooling pipe fitting is provided with a granulating blade, each cooling pipe fitting is of a hollow structure and is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, and cooling media are introduced into the cooling pipe fittings.
Preferably, 1-10 granulating blades are arranged on the surface of the cooling pipe fitting; the included angle between the granulating blade and the surface of the cooling pipe fitting ranges from 10 degrees to 90 degrees.
Preferably, the discharging assembly comprises an arc-shaped shell, a rotating shaft, a baffle fixed on the rotating shaft and a seal between the baffle and the arc-shaped shell.
In order to solve the second technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for carrying out polymer devolatilization, granulation and unloading integration by utilizing the supergravity rotating bed comprises the following steps:
s1, heating the material, reducing the viscosity of the material and the latent heat of vaporization of volatile matters, and improving the fluidity;
s2, conveying the molten material to the surface of the multilayer disc distributor through the liquid inlet cavity; the materials are uniformly spread on the surface of the disc distributor, enter the packing ring in a film shape, are crushed and stretched into a thin line shape under the action of centrifugal force, and the gas-liquid contact surface area is increased; the heating plate is embedded in the filler to provide latent heat of vaporization required by devolatilization;
s3, extracting the gas in the device from the gas outlet to reach vacuum so as to reduce the bubble point of the volatile component and remove the volatile component in time;
s4, the high-temperature material stretched into a linear shape by the filler is impacted on the surface of the granulating component in a fine linear shape for quenching and solidification, and is cut into particles by a granulating blade;
s5, the particles pass through a discharge assembly and are removed from the rotating bed under the condition of maintaining the vacuum in the bed. The particles with different particle sizes can be obtained by changing the operation conditions of the device and the physical properties of the working fluid.
Preferably, in step S1, the viscosity of the heated material is in the range of 0.1 to 1000Pa · S; more preferably, the viscosity ranges from 1 to 500 pas.
Preferably, in step S2, the rotation speed of the rotor in the high-gravity rotating bed is in the range of 100-; more preferably, the rotation speed range is 400-.
Preferably, in the step S2, the volume flow rate of the material is 10-250L/h; more preferably, the volume flow rate ranges from 50 to 200L/h.
Preferably, in step S2, the temperature in the high-gravity rotating bed is in the range of room temperature to 400 ℃.
Preferably, in step S3, the vacuum degree ranges from-0.70 MPa to-0.99 MPa gauge pressure; more preferably, the degree of vacuum is in the range of-0.80 MPa to-0.99 MPa gauge.
Any range recited herein is intended to include the endpoints and any number between the endpoints and any subrange subsumed therein or defined therein.
The starting materials of the present invention are commercially available, unless otherwise specified, and the equipment used in the present invention may be any equipment conventionally used in the art or may be any equipment known in the art.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, the existing devolatilization and granulation processes are mostly carried out independently, and the discharging process under the vacuum environment cannot be realized, and provides an integrated process which can realize devolatilization and granulation of polymers and can realize continuous feeding and discharging under the vacuum environment.
2) The designed high-gravity rotating bed has the advantages that the molecular diffusion and interphase mass transfer processes are much faster than those under the conventional gravity field in the high-gravity environment, the huge shearing force can tear liquid into micron-scale or even nano-scale liquid films, liquid lines and liquid drops, a huge and rapidly renewable phase interface is generated, the devolatilization process of the polymer is enhanced, and the content of volatile components in the polymer is reduced to be below 500 ppm.
3) The plastic particles are produced in situ by designing the granulation component coupled in the rotating bed; due to the high shearing force and the high centrifugal force of the super-gravity rotating bed, the obtained particles are uniform in size distribution and narrow in particle size distribution; by adjusting the rotating speed of the super-gravity rotating bed and changing the structure of the granulating assembly, the average particle size of particles can be controlled, and meanwhile, the preparation production of nano-micro-to millimeter-scale particles is realized;
4) the super-gravity rotating bed adopts a multi-stage disc coupling type super-gravity rotating bed, and solves the problem of initial distribution of viscous fluid in the super-gravity rotating bed.
5) The filler of the high-gravity rotating bed is internally embedded with a plurality of layers of heating plates to heat the filler, so that the temperature required by devolatilization is ensured, and simultaneously, the materials are prevented from being solidified by quenching.
6) The high-gravity rotating bed is provided with a static flow guide element between the filler and the disc so as to change the movement direction of liquid entering the filler and increase the relative movement between the disc and the filler.
7) The discharging component is specially designed at the outlet of the material, and can be rotated and always kept in a sealed state in the cavity, so that the continuous discharging process under the vacuum condition is realized.
8) The devolatilization granulation is coupled in one device, and the material can be discharged under the vacuum condition, so that the energy consumption is low, the cost is low, and the space is saved.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic front view of a high gravity rotating bed of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the axial section of the high gravity rotary bed of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a concentric ring groove type multi-layer disk distributor in a high gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spiral grooved multi-layer disk distributor within a high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a straight baffle type multi-layer disc distributor in a high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the inner arc baffle type multi-layer disc distributor of the high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a block convex multi-layer disc distributor in a high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a guide plate of a straight plate as a static flow guide in the high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the static flow-guiding member in the high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention, which is an arc-shaped guide plate;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a guide plate of a flexible plate as a static flow guide in the high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows a schematic of the structure of a pelletizing assembly in a high-gravity rotating bed of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the state of charge configuration of the discharge assembly in the high-gravity rotating bed of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating the material transfer state of the discharging assembly in the high-gravity rotating bed according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the discharging state of the discharging assembly in the high-gravity rotating bed.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below in connection with preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, as one aspect of the present invention, the present invention is a high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation comprising:
the device comprises a shell 1, a rotating bed and a control device, wherein the shell is used for accommodating or fixing various parts of the high-gravity rotating bed;
the motor 2 is used for providing power for the super-gravity rotating bed;
the liquid inlet cavity 3 is used for temporarily storing materials;
the multilayer disc distributor 4 is used for solving the problem of initial distribution of viscous material fluid in the high-gravity rotating bed;
the rotor 5 is used for cutting the material into liquid microelements;
the static flow guide part 6 is used for changing the flow direction of the material entering the filler, increasing the relative motion between the material and the filler and improving the shearing of the filler to the material;
the granulating component 7 is used for directly granulating in the super-gravity rotating bed;
a discharge assembly 8, and
a gas outlet 9;
the rotating shaft 21 of the motor 2 passes through the upper surface of the shell 1 and extends into the shell 1;
the lower end of the motor rotating shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the rotor 5;
a packing ring 51 is fixed on the circumference of the upper surface of the rotor 5, and the middle part of the packing ring 51 is of a cavity structure;
the liquid inlet cavity 3 is arranged at the upper part of the shell 1;
the bottom of the liquid inlet cavity 3 is communicated with the surface 4 of the multilayer disc distributor arranged in the cavity structure of the packing ring 51 through a liquid distribution pipeline;
a static flow guide part 6 is arranged in a gap between the packing ring 51 and the multilayer disc distributor 4;
a granulating assembly 7 is arranged between the outer surface of the packing ring 51 and the shell 1, and the granulating assembly 7 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 1 through a fixing piece;
the bottom of the shell 1 is in a conical structure, and the lowest part of the right center of the bottom is provided with a discharging assembly 8;
the gas outlet 9 is provided at the upper surface of the housing 1.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the outer side wall of the housing 1 is covered with an external heating furnace 10.
Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid inlet chamber 3 is a ring-shaped structure, and 4 liquid distribution pipes are disposed at the lower end of the liquid inlet chamber 3 and uniformly distributed around the central axis; the lower end of the liquid distribution pipe is laterally provided with a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is respectively sprayed to the surface of each layer of the multilayer disc distributor. For example, the nozzle is a 90 degree bend leading out of the side of the liquid distribution pipe.
Referring to FIG. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention, each layer of disks of the multi-layer disk distributor 4 corresponds to 15-30mm thick packing; the disk distributor at the lowest layer is fixed at the lower end of the motor rotating shaft 21 through flange connection, the disk distributors 4 at each layer are fixed between the upper layer and the lower layer through a plurality of rib plates 41, and the inner edge of each layer of disk distributor 4 is provided with an overflow weir to prevent materials from flowing out of the inner edge of the disk.
Referring to fig. 1, 3-7, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the multi-layer disk distributor 4 is provided with grooves or protrusions; more preferably, the multilayer disc distributor 4 comprises, according to the difference of the grooves or the projections: concentric ring groove type, spiral groove type, straight plate baffle type, arc plate baffle type and square bump type. The multi-layer disc distributors 4 of different types solve the problem of initial distribution of viscous material fluid in the high-gravity rotating bed
Referring to fig. 1, in accordance with certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stationary filler rings 51 in the rotor 5 are provided with 4 layers, with a heating plate 52 between each layer of filler rings, the heating plate 52 being connected by wires to a conductive slip ring 53 secured to the bottom of the rotor, the conductive slip ring 53 being externally connected by wires to an external stationary power supply terminal 54 secured to the housing. The heating plate 52 can heat the filler to ensure the temperature required for devolatilization and prevent the material from being quenched and solidified; the heating plate can be made of aluminum, stainless steel, copper and other media with good heat conduction; the heating plate 52 rotates with the rotor 5 and is linked to an external stationary circuit by an electrically conductive slip ring 53. A thermocouple feedback mechanism is used to control the power of the heating and thus the temperature of the packed region. The power of the heating plate can be estimated according to the heat required for removing volatile components, the power is 0.5-15kw, and the temperature is room temperature-400 ℃.
Referring to fig. 1, 8-10, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the static deflector 6 is fixed on the upper cover of the housing 1, and 4-32 static deflectors are arranged around the packing; more preferably, the static deflector comprises, depending on the type of plate: the guide plate comprises a straight plate guide plate, an arc plate guide plate and a flexible plate guide plate; the arc plate guide plate can have different radians; the center of the arc plate guide plate is divided into two parts, and the half part close to the disc is a rigid plate to maintain the position of the guide plate; the half part close to the filler is a flexible plate which can be bent and deformed when being impacted by liquid so as to reduce the momentum loss of the liquid after impacting the plate surface. The flexible board can be made of silica gel, PVC flexible board and the like.
With reference to fig. 11, according to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the granulation assembly 7 comprises a plurality of cooling tubes 71 uniformly arranged along the periphery of the charge; each cooling pipe 71 is provided with a granulating blade 72 on the surface, the cooling pipe 71 is of a hollow structure and is provided with a cooling medium inlet 73 and a cooling medium outlet 74, and a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling pipe 71. The cooling medium in the cooling pipe 71 can be controlled in temperature by a cryostat to prevent raw meal or coke; the cooling medium can be cooling water, frozen saline or liquid nitrogen; the surface included angle between the granulating blade 72 and the cooling pipe 71 and the distance between the blades can realize the change of the particle diameter and the particle shape; the high-temperature fine linear material impacts on the cold granulating blade at high speed, and is solidified and cut into granules.
According to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the cooling pipe member 71 is provided with 1 to 10 granulation blades, preferably 5 to 9; the angle between the pelletizing blades 72 and the surface of the cooling tube is in the range from 10 to 90 degrees, preferably from 2 to 70 degrees.
Referring to fig. 12-14, according to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the discharge assembly 8 comprises a curved housing 81, a rotating shaft 82, 4 baffles 83 fixed to the rotating shaft, and seals 84 between the baffles and the curved housing; the working principle is shown in fig. 12-14: the baffle divides the discharging assembly into 4 areas, when materials are accumulated in one area, the baffle 83 is driven to rotate by an external motor, and particles are transferred to the outlet; in the rotating process, because a closed area is always arranged between the shell and the baffle, the vacuum environment in the bed can be kept from being damaged, and the on-line feeding and discharging process without stopping and pressure relief is realized.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for integrating polymer devolatilization, granulation and discharge by using the above-mentioned super-gravity rotating bed, comprising the steps of:
s1, heating the material, reducing the viscosity of the material and the latent heat of vaporization of volatile matters, and improving the fluidity;
s2, conveying the molten material to the surface of the multilayer disc distributor through the liquid inlet cavity; the materials are uniformly spread on the surface of the disc distributor, enter the packing ring in a film shape, are crushed and stretched into a thin line shape under the action of centrifugal force, and the gas-liquid contact surface area is increased; the heating plate is embedded in the filler to provide latent heat of vaporization required by devolatilization;
s3, extracting the gas in the device from the gas outlet to reach vacuum so as to reduce the bubble point of the volatile component and remove the volatile component in time;
s4, the high-temperature material stretched into a linear shape by the filler is impacted on the surface of the granulating component in a fine linear shape for quenching and solidification, and is cut into particles by a granulating blade;
s5, the particles pass through a discharge assembly and are removed from the rotating bed under the condition of maintaining the vacuum in the bed. The particles with different particle sizes can be obtained by changing the operation conditions of the device and the physical properties of the working fluid.
According to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the viscosity of the material after heating is in the range of 0.1 to 1000Pa · S; more preferably, the viscosity ranges from 1 to 500 pas.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the rotating speed of the rotor in the high-gravity rotating bed is in the range of 100-; more preferably, the rotation speed range is 400-.
According to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the volume flow rate of the material is 10-250L/h; more preferably, the volume flow rate ranges from 50 to 200L/h.
According to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature in the high-gravity rotating bed is in the range of room temperature to 400 ℃ in step S2.
According to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the degree of vacuum ranges from-0.70 MPa to-0.99 MPa gauge; more preferably, the degree of vacuum is in the range of-0.80 MPa to-0.99 MPa gauge.
Example 1
The device is adopted to remove the volatile TDI in the polyurethane prepolymer. The experimental conditions were as follows: the rotating speed of the rotating bed is 200-2000 r/min, the volume flow of the material is 50L/h, the devolatilization temperature is 110 ℃ (the boiling point of TDI in vacuum is about 110 ℃), the vacuum degree in the rotating bed is 0.99MPa, and the viscosity of the material is about 1 Pa.s. The TDI content in the polyurethane prepolymer before and after devolatilization is detected by gas chromatography, and the device realizes the removal of 80 percent of the TDI content in the polyurethane prepolymer at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, and the final TDI content is 800-1200 ppm.
Example 2
The device of example 1 was adjusted to adjust the surface structure of the disk distributor, as shown in fig. 3, respectively, and it was found that the removal rate of TDI was improved to different degrees. The devolatilization strengthening effect of the surface structure is that a straight plate baffle type, an arc plate baffle type, a spiral groove type, a concentric groove type and a cubic bulge type are adopted. The removal rate of the optimal straight plate baffle type can be improved by 85%, and the TDI content can be reduced to 600-1000 ppm.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, a straight plate type disc is adopted, and the structures of the static diversion members are further adjusted, and are respectively the structures shown in fig. 4. The removal rate of TDI is improved to different degrees, wherein the effect is optimally a flexible plate structure, the flexible plate part is made of silica gel, the removal rate can be improved to 88%, and the content of TDI can be reduced to 400-700 ppm; the second is a straight plate type, and the second is an arc plate type structure.
Example 4
The device is adopted to devolatilize and granulate polyethylene plastics, and the experimental conditions are as follows: the rotating speed of the rotor is 400 r/min; the filler is foamed nickel filler, and the porosity is 400 ppi; the material flow is 40L/h; the temperature required by the material in a molten state is about 280 ℃ (the material can be coked and deteriorated when the temperature is further increased); the material viscosity is about 400 Pa.s; the structures determined in examples 2 and 3, namely the straight plate baffle type disc and the flexible plate static flow guide part are adopted; cooling water is introduced into the granulating assembly for circulating refrigeration, and a structure vertical to 3 blades is adopted. The average particle diameter of the finally obtained polyethylene plastic particles is 2mm, the proportion of the particles in the range of 1.8-2.2mm is about 85%, and the particle size distribution is uniform.
Example 5
On the basis of example 4, the rotating speed of the rotating bed was adjusted to 2000r/min, and the blades of the granulating assembly were adjusted to have an 8-blade structure inclined at 45 °. The average diameter of the finally obtained polyethylene plastic particles is 0.14mm, the proportion of the particles between 0.1 and 0.18 is about 78 percent, and the particle size distribution is relatively uniform.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications which are obvious to the technical scheme of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A super-gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization granulation, comprising: the device comprises a shell, a motor, a liquid inlet cavity, a multilayer disc distributor, a rotor, a static flow guide piece, a granulation assembly, a discharging assembly and a gas outlet;
the rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the upper surface of the shell and extends into the shell;
the lower end of the motor rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the rotor;
a packing ring is fixed on the circumference of the upper surface of the rotor, and the middle part of the packing ring is of a cavity structure;
the liquid inlet cavity is arranged at the upper part of the shell;
the bottom of the liquid inlet cavity is communicated to the surface of a multilayer disc distributor arranged in the cavity structure of the packing ring through a liquid distribution pipeline;
a static flow guide part is arranged in a gap between the packing ring and the multilayer disc distributor;
a granulation assembly is arranged between the outer surface of the packing ring and the shell and is fixed on the inner wall of the shell;
the bottom of the shell is in a conical structure, and the lowest part of the right center of the bottom is provided with a discharging assembly;
the gas outlet is arranged on the upper surface of the shell.
2. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the outer side wall of the shell is coated with an outer heating furnace.
3. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid inlet cavity is of an annular structure, a plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged at the lower end of the liquid inlet cavity, and the liquid distribution pipes are uniformly distributed around the center shaft; the lower end of the liquid distribution pipe is laterally provided with a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is respectively sprayed to the surface of each layer of the multilayer disc distributor.
4. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: each layer of disc of the multilayer disc distributor corresponds to 15-30mm thick filler; the disk distributor at the lowest layer is fixed at the lower end of the electrode rotating shaft through flange connection, the disk distributors at each layer are fixed between the upper layer and the lower layer through a plurality of rib plates, and the inner edge of each layer of disk distributor is provided with an overflow weir to prevent materials from flowing out of the inner edge of the disk.
5. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: grooves or bulges are arranged on the surface of the multilayer disc distributor; more preferably, the multi-layer disc distributor includes, according to the difference of the grooves or the protrusions: concentric ring groove type, spiral groove type, straight plate baffle type, arc plate baffle type, and square convex type.
6. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor is characterized in that a plurality of layers of packing rings are fixed in the rotor, a heating plate is arranged between every two layers of packing rings, the heating plate is connected to a conductive slip ring fixed at the bottom of the rotor through a lead, and the conductive slip ring is externally connected with an external static power supply end fixed on the shell through a lead.
7. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the static diversion parts are fixed on the upper cover of the shell and are arranged 4-32 around the filler; more preferably, the static deflector comprises, depending on the type of plate: radial straight plate, straight plate which forms 1-90 degrees with radial direction, arc bending plate and flexible plate.
8. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the pelletizing assembly includes a plurality of cooling tubes disposed uniformly along the periphery of the filler; the surface of each cooling pipe fitting is provided with a granulating blade, the cooling pipe fitting is of a hollow structure and is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, and cooling medium is introduced into the cooling pipe fitting; more preferably, 1-10 granulating blades are arranged on the surface of the cooling pipe fitting; the included angle between the granulating blade and the surface of the cooling pipe fitting ranges from 10 degrees to 90 degrees.
9. A high gravity rotating bed for polymer devolatilization pelletization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the discharging assembly comprises an arc-shaped shell, a rotating shaft, a baffle fixed on the rotating shaft and a seal between the baffle and the arc-shaped shell.
10. A method for integrating polymer devolatilization, granulation and discharge by using the high gravity rotating bed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, heating the material, reducing the viscosity of the material and the latent heat of vaporization of volatile matters, and improving the fluidity;
s2, conveying the molten material to the surface of the multilayer disc distributor through the liquid inlet cavity; the materials are uniformly spread on the surface of the disc distributor, enter the packing ring in a film shape, are crushed and stretched into a thin line shape under the action of centrifugal force, and the gas-liquid contact surface area is increased; the heating plate is embedded in the filler to provide latent heat of vaporization required by devolatilization;
s3, extracting the gas in the device from the gas outlet to reach vacuum so as to reduce the bubble point of the volatile component and remove the volatile component in time;
s4, the high-temperature material stretched into a linear shape by the filler is impacted on the surface of the granulating component in a fine linear shape for quenching and solidification, and is cut into particles by a granulating blade;
s5, the particles pass through a discharging component and are removed from the rotating bed under the condition of maintaining the vacuum in the rotating bed. The operating conditions of the device and the physical properties of the working fluid are changed, so that particles with different particle sizes can be obtained;
preferably, in step S1, the viscosity of the heated material is in the range of 0.1 to 1000Pa · S; more preferably, the viscosity ranges from 1 to 500Pa · s;
preferably, in step S2, the rotation speed of the rotor in the high-gravity rotating bed is in the range of 100-; more preferably, the rotating speed range is 400-;
preferably, in the step S2, the volume flow rate of the material is 10-250L/h; more preferably, the volume flow rate ranges from 50 to 200L/h;
preferably, in step S2, the temperature in the high-gravity rotating bed is in the range of room temperature to 400 ℃;
preferably, in step S3, the vacuum degree ranges from-0.70 MPa to-0.99 MPa gauge pressure; more preferably, the degree of vacuum is in the range of-0.80 MPa to-0.99 MPa gauge.
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