CN112338446B - Welding forming method for outer ring water inlet and outlet flow channel of heat exchange honeycomb structural member - Google Patents

Welding forming method for outer ring water inlet and outlet flow channel of heat exchange honeycomb structural member Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112338446B
CN112338446B CN202011110013.6A CN202011110013A CN112338446B CN 112338446 B CN112338446 B CN 112338446B CN 202011110013 A CN202011110013 A CN 202011110013A CN 112338446 B CN112338446 B CN 112338446B
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welding
cover plate
water inlet
insert
brazing
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CN112338446A (en
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王程成
任耀文
周伟超
李淑芳
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Xian Yuanhang Vacuum Brazing Technology Co Ltd
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Xian Yuanhang Vacuum Brazing Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008Soldering within a furnace
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/02Honeycomb structures

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of precision machining, and discloses a welding forming method for an outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of a heat exchange honeycomb structural member, which is characterized in that a workpiece is decomposed into a plurality of parts, a fan-shaped groove is formed by linear cutting on the outer ring, and then a butt-joint inclined joint and a limiting sinking platform for brazing are milled on the fan-shaped groove so as to position an insert and increase the brazing area, thereby improving the welding strength; then, the insert, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are separately machined. According to corresponding assembly steps, the insert and the sector groove butt-joint inclined joint are welded together by brazing treatment, so that the deformation of large-depth fusion welding is reduced; and welding the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the insert boss to the limiting sinking platform of the sector groove by adopting an argon arc welding process. Meanwhile, argon arc welding fusion welding is locally adopted to ensure the welding strength between the sector grooves and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The workpiece can meet the requirement of welding strength, the thermal deformation of the workpiece is small due to the fact that the workpiece is heated slowly in the welding process, and the situation that the workpiece is distorted and deformed is effectively avoided.

Description

Welding forming method for outer ring water inlet and outlet flow channel of heat exchange honeycomb structural member
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision machining, and relates to a welding forming method for an outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of a heat exchange honeycomb structural member.
Background
The outer ring of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member is made of 06Cr19Ni10 forged piece material, the part is a flange device of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member, the flange device is actually a water inlet and outlet mechanism for fixing the heat exchange honeycomb assembly and circulating cooling water in the honeycomb assembly, and the product requires that the inner surfaces of a water channel and a water cavity are smooth and no excess is allowed, as shown in figure 1.
However, the conventional process methods have some problems, which are as follows: a) and (3) machining and forming: the five-axis machining center equipment can realize inclined hole machining, the large five-axis electric spark equipment can realize square water channel machining, but the fan-shaped groove cannot be realized through a machining method. b) Casting and forming: the fine casting steel casting can form a fan-shaped groove and a square water channel, but a flow hole cannot be formed by casting, and the remainders such as sand grains and the like in a water cavity and the water channel are not easy to clean, shrinkage cavities and impurities are easy to appear in the casting, so that the product quality is greatly influenced, and the risk that the outer ring adopts the steel casting is very high. c)3D printing and forming: the 3D prints and can shape fan-shaped groove, and square water course, adopts five-axis equipment reaming and grinding to guarantee the required precision after the flow hole is printed and is accomplished, but 3D prints the outer ring cost extremely high cycle very long, and at present domestic 3D printing apparatus more than 2 meters is few, so the outer ring is made and is adopted 3D printing technique also very inadequately.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a welding forming method for an outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of a heat exchange honeycomb structural member, which is used for realizing the welding forming of the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member and ensuring the quality requirement of a product.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the welding forming method of the water inlet and outlet flow channel of the outer ring of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting a woolen wire into a ring shape, and then processing a plurality of reference holes on the ring-shaped woolen; cutting a fan-shaped groove from the inner ring starting line of the annular wool, and boring a water outlet from the outer ring of the annular wool; finish milling a butt-joint inclined joint for brazing on the sector groove, and finish milling a sinking platform for brazing on the upper end and the lower end of the sector groove respectively;
(2) milling the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the insert into arc surfaces, milling the two side surfaces into sector surfaces, milling steps on the upper parts of the sector surfaces on the two sides, and milling a plurality of strip-shaped grooves on the sector surfaces; then, cutting a square groove on the insert along the longitudinal direction, milling a square flow passage on the insert along the transverse direction, and processing an inclined water inlet hole on the insert by electric spark machining, wherein the square flow passage and the inclined water inlet hole are communicated with the square groove; the inclined water inlet hole is positioned below the square flow channel;
(3) an upper cover plate matched with the fan-shaped groove is machined through linear cutting; machining a lower cover plate matched with the fan-shaped groove by wire cutting, and then finely milling an inclined groove at the assembly position of the lower cover plate and an inclined water inlet hole on the insert;
(4) the brazing filler metal is preset on the fan-shaped side face and the step of the insert, then the insert is assembled at the position of a butt-joint inclined joint on the fan-shaped groove, and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate are respectively assembled at the positions of sunken platforms at the upper end and the lower end of the fan-shaped groove; carrying out high-temperature vacuum brazing on the assembled workpiece;
(5) and performing argon arc welding on the assembly subjected to high-temperature vacuum brazing, and finally welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member.
The high-temperature vacuum brazing treatment comprises the following steps of,
opening the furnace door, placing the assembled workpiece in an effective uniform temperature area of a vacuum brazing furnace, and closing the furnace door immediately;
cold state vacuum pumping is carried out, so that the vacuum degree in the furnace reaches 1 x 10 < -2 > Pa, and the working vacuum degree is 3-10 Pa;
heating to 450 deg.C at a rate of 60 deg.C/h, and maintaining for 60 min; heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 360 min; heating to 1000-1060 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/h for brazing and keeping the temperature for 60 min;
after the brazing is finished, cooling to 900 ℃ at the temperature control rate of 120 ℃/h, and carrying out furnace vacuum cooling to 600 ℃;
filling high-purity argon to make the pressure in the furnace reach 9X 104Pa, cooling the gas, cooling the workpiece to 65 ℃, and discharging.
And a sticky brazing filler metal with the thickness of 0.1mm is preset on the inner surface of the step of the insert, a foil brazing filler metal with the thickness of 0.1mm is preset on two side surfaces, and a paste brazing filler metal is preset in the strip-shaped groove.
And (4) milling welding grooves on the peripheries of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the insert matched with the butt-joint inclined joint of the fan-shaped groove and the peripheries of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate matched with the sunken table of the fan-shaped groove.
The argon arc welding treatment is that the workpiece is sunk into the welding water tank, and the water surface is 1-2 mm lower than the bottom surfaces of the welding grooves on the insert, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; welding wires with the model number of ER308 and the diameter of phi 2.5 are adopted, layered welding is carried out at the welding voltage of 380V and the welding current parameters of 150A-200A, and 3 layers are welded in total; the welding seam is compact, uniform and continuous.
The included angle between the inclined water inlet hole and the square water channel is 6.5 DEG
And the assembly clearance between the fan-shaped groove and the insert, between the fan-shaped groove and the upper cover plate and between the fan-shaped groove and the lower cover plate is not more than 0.1 mm.
In the step (5), after argon arc welding treatment, turning treatment is also carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention decomposes the work piece into several parts from an integral body, firstly, the outer ring is cut on the line to form a sector groove, and then, the sector groove is milled with a butt-joint inclined joint and a sinking platform for brazing so as to position an insert and increase the brazing area, thereby improving the welding strength; then, the insert, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are separately machined. The square runner and the inclined water inlet hole are machined in a mode of matching milling machining and electric spark machining, so that the forming is convenient, and the shrinkage cavity is not easy to occur. According to corresponding assembly steps, the insert and the butt-joint inclined joint on the sector groove are welded together by adopting a brazing process so as to reduce the deformation of large-depth fusion welding; and welding the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the insert boss to the limiting sinking platform of the sector groove by adopting an argon arc welding process. The brazing method comprises the following steps of brazing, welding, argon arc welding and the like, wherein brazing filler metal is preset at a welding part during brazing, then the brazing is carried out in a furnace, and fusion welding is carried out through the argon arc welding after the brazing is finished. Through the operation, the workpiece can meet the requirement of welding strength, the thermal deformation of the workpiece is small due to the fact that the workpiece is heated slowly in the welding process, and the situation that the workpiece is distorted and deformed is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, argon arc welding fusion welding is locally adopted to ensure the welding strength between the sector groove and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and cooling measures are adopted to effectively avoid workpiece deformation caused by overlarge welding thermal stress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of a heat exchange honeycomb structural member to be welded and formed according to the present invention;
FIG. 1a is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2 is a machining forming diagram of a fan-shaped groove and a water outlet hole;
FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 3 is a forming view of a butt-joint miter joint and a counter sink for brazing;
FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4 is a view of the insert being formed;
FIG. 4a is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 4c is a perspective view of the insert at an angle;
FIG. 4d is a perspective view of the insert at another angle;
FIG. 5 is a view of the upper cover plate being formed;
FIG. 5a is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 6 is a view of the lower cover plate being formed;
FIG. 6a is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a workpiece;
fig. 7a is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a welding forming method for an outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of a heat exchange honeycomb structural member, wherein the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member is shown in figures 1, 1a and 1b, and the welding forming method comprises the following operation steps: (1) cutting a woolen wire into a ring shape, and then processing a plurality of reference holes on the ring-shaped woolen; cutting a fan-shaped groove from the inner ring starting line of the annular wool, and boring a water outlet from the outer ring of the annular wool; finish milling a butt-joint inclined joint for brazing on the sector grooves, and finish milling sink tables for brazing on the upper end and the lower end of the sector grooves respectively, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2a, fig. 3 and fig. 3 a; (2) milling the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the insert into arc surfaces, milling the two side surfaces into sector surfaces, milling steps on the upper parts of the sector surfaces on the two sides, and milling a plurality of strip-shaped grooves on the sector surfaces; then, cutting a square groove on the insert along the longitudinal direction, milling a square flow passage on the insert along the transverse direction, and processing an inclined water inlet hole on the insert by electric spark machining, wherein the square flow passage and the inclined water inlet hole are communicated with the square groove; wherein, the oblique inlet opening is positioned below the square runner. Preferably, the included angle between the inclined water inlet hole and the square water channel is 6.5 degrees, as shown in fig. 4, 4a, 4b, 4c and 4 d; (3) an upper cover plate matched with the fan-shaped groove is machined through linear cutting; a lower cover plate matched with the fan-shaped groove is machined through wire cutting, then an inclined groove is milled at the assembly position of the lower cover plate and an inclined water inlet hole in the insert, the arrangement of the inclined groove can ensure smooth liquid flow, and reference is made to fig. 5, 5a, 6 and 6 a; (4) the brazing filler metal is preset on the fan-shaped side face and the step of the insert, then the insert is assembled at the position of a butt-joint inclined joint on the fan-shaped groove, and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate are respectively assembled at the positions of sunken platforms at the upper end and the lower end of the fan-shaped groove; carrying out high-temperature vacuum brazing on the assembled workpiece; (5) and performing argon arc welding treatment on the brazed assembly, and finally welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow channel of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member, referring to fig. 7 and 7 a.
The invention decomposes the work piece into several parts from an integral body, firstly, the outer ring is cut on the line to form a sector groove, and then, the sector groove is milled with a butt-joint inclined joint and a sinking platform for brazing so as to position an insert and increase the brazing area, thereby improving the welding strength; then, the insert, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are separately machined. The square runner and the inclined water inlet hole are machined in a mode of matching milling machining and electric spark machining, so that the forming is convenient, and the shrinkage cavity is not easy to occur. According to corresponding assembly steps, the insert and the butt-joint inclined joint for brazing on the sector groove are welded together by adopting a brazing process so as to reduce the deformation of large-depth fusion welding; and welding the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate to the sinking platform of the fan-shaped groove by adopting an argon arc welding process. The brazing method comprises the following steps of brazing, welding, argon arc welding and the like, wherein brazing filler metal is preset at a welding part during brazing, then the brazing is carried out in a furnace, and fusion welding is carried out through the argon arc welding after the brazing is finished. Through the operation, the workpiece can meet the requirement of welding strength, the thermal deformation of the workpiece is small due to the fact that the workpiece is heated slowly in the welding process, and the situation that the workpiece is distorted and deformed is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, argon arc welding fusion welding is locally adopted, so that the welding strength between the sector groove and the upper cover plate and between the sector groove and the lower cover plate can be ensured, and the workpiece deformation caused by overlarge welding thermal stress can be effectively avoided.
The high-temperature vacuum brazing treatment comprises the steps of opening a furnace door, placing the assembled workpiece in an effective uniform temperature area of a vacuum brazing furnace, and closing the furnace door immediately; cold state vacuum pumping is carried out, so that the vacuum degree in the furnace reaches 1 x 10 < -2 > Pa, and the working vacuum degree is 3-10 Pa; heating to 450 deg.C at a rate of 60 deg.C/h, and maintaining for 60 min; heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 360 min; heating to 1000-1060 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/h for brazing and keeping the temperature for 60 min; after the brazing is finished, cooling to 900 ℃ at the temperature control rate of 120 ℃/h, and carrying out furnace vacuum cooling to 600 ℃; filling high-purity argon to make the pressure in the furnace reach 9X 104Pa, cooling the gas, cooling the workpiece to 65 ℃, and discharging. Wherein, the high-purity argon gas means that the purity of the argon gas reaches more than 99.995 percent.
Specifically, a tape-adhering brazing material with the thickness of 0.1mm is preset on the inner surface of the step of the insert, a foil-tape brazing material with the thickness of 0.1mm is preset on two side surfaces of the step, and a paste-shaped brazing material is preset in the strip-shaped groove.
More specifically, the brazing filler metal is a nickel-based composite brazing filler metal containing precious metals.
It can be understood that, in order to facilitate the next argon arc welding operation, step (4) is followed by milling welding grooves on the peripheries of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the insert matched with the butt-jointed oblique joint of the sector groove and the peripheries of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate matched with the sunken platform of the sector groove.
The argon arc welding treatment is that the workpiece is sunk into the welding water tank, and the water surface is 1-2 mm lower than the bottom surfaces of the welding grooves on the insert, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; welding wires with the model number of ER308 and the diameter of phi 2.5 are adopted, layered welding is carried out at the welding voltage of 380V and the welding current parameters of 150A-200A, and 3 layers are welded in total; the welding seam is compact, uniform and continuous.
And the assembly clearance between the fan-shaped groove and the insert, between the fan-shaped groove and the upper cover plate and between the fan-shaped groove and the lower cover plate is not more than 0.1 mm.
In the step (5), after argon arc welding treatment, turning treatment is also carried out.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The welding forming method for the water inlet and outlet flow channel of the outer ring of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) cutting a woolen wire into a ring shape, and then processing a plurality of reference holes on the ring-shaped woolen; cutting a fan-shaped groove from the inner ring starting line of the annular wool, and boring a water outlet from the outer ring of the annular wool; finish milling a butt-joint inclined joint for brazing on the sector groove, and finish milling a sinking platform for brazing on the upper end and the lower end of the sector groove respectively;
(2) milling the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the insert into arc surfaces, milling the two side surfaces into sector surfaces, milling steps on the upper parts of the sector surfaces on the two sides, and milling a plurality of strip-shaped grooves on the sector surfaces; then, cutting a square groove on the insert along the longitudinal direction, milling a square flow passage on the insert along the transverse direction, and processing an inclined water inlet hole on the insert by electric spark machining, wherein the square flow passage and the inclined water inlet hole are communicated with the square groove; the inclined water inlet hole is positioned below the square flow channel;
(3) an upper cover plate matched with the fan-shaped groove is machined through linear cutting; machining a lower cover plate matched with the fan-shaped groove by wire cutting, and then finely milling an inclined groove at the assembly position of the lower cover plate and an inclined water inlet hole on the insert;
(4) the brazing filler metal is preset on the fan-shaped side face and the step of the insert, then the insert is assembled at the position of a butt-joint inclined joint on the fan-shaped groove, and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate are respectively assembled at the positions of sunken platforms at the upper end and the lower end of the fan-shaped groove; carrying out high-temperature vacuum brazing on the assembled workpiece;
(5) and performing argon arc welding on the assembly subjected to high-temperature vacuum brazing, and finally welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member.
2. The method for welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-temperature vacuum brazing treatment comprises,
opening the furnace door, placing the assembled workpiece in an effective uniform temperature area of a vacuum brazing furnace, and closing the furnace door immediately;
cold state vacuum pumping to make the vacuum degree in the furnace reach 1X 10-2Pa, the working vacuum degree is 3-10 Pa;
heating to 450 deg.C at a rate of 60 deg.C/h, and maintaining for 60 min; heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 360 min; heating to 1000-1060 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/h for brazing and keeping the temperature for 60 min;
after the brazing is finished, cooling to 900 ℃ at the temperature control rate of 120 ℃/h, and carrying out furnace vacuum cooling to 600 ℃;
filling high-purity argon to make the pressure in the furnace reach 9X 104And after Pa, cooling the gas to enable the workpiece to be cooled to 65 ℃ and discharging.
3. The method for welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a tape-bonding brazing material with a thickness of 0.1mm is preset on the inner surface of the step of the insert, a foil-bonding brazing material with a thickness of 0.1mm is preset on the two side surfaces, and a paste-like brazing material is preset in the strip-shaped groove.
4. The method for welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member according to claim 1, wherein after the step (4), welding grooves are milled on the peripheries of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the insert block matched with the butting oblique joint of the fan-shaped groove and the peripheries of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate matched with the sinking platforms of the fan-shaped groove.
5. The welding forming method for the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow channel of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein an included angle between the inclined water inlet hole and the square flow channel is 6.5 °.
6. The method for welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the assembling clearance between the fan-shaped groove and the insert, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is not more than 0.1 mm.
7. The method for welding and forming the outer ring water inlet and outlet flow passage of the heat exchange honeycomb structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), after argon arc welding treatment, turning treatment is further performed.
CN202011110013.6A 2020-10-16 2020-10-16 Welding forming method for outer ring water inlet and outlet flow channel of heat exchange honeycomb structural member Active CN112338446B (en)

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CN113601115B (en) * 2021-08-10 2022-05-31 西安远航真空钎焊技术有限公司 Preparation method of honeycomb trapezoidal corrugated heat exchange plate component
CN113369829B (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-19 西安远航真空钎焊技术有限公司 Method for processing injector partition plate cavity
CN113751966B (en) * 2021-08-25 2022-07-26 西安远航真空钎焊技术有限公司 Thin-wall part runner forming method based on vacuum brazing

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