CN112338355B - Double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control method for titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard - Google Patents
Double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control method for titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard Download PDFInfo
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- CN112338355B CN112338355B CN201910524103.0A CN201910524103A CN112338355B CN 112338355 B CN112338355 B CN 112338355B CN 201910524103 A CN201910524103 A CN 201910524103A CN 112338355 B CN112338355 B CN 112338355B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control method for a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard, which comprises the following steps of: (1) simulating the temperature and stress of the welding part in the welding process based on the actual welding process and obtaining an optimal result; (2) real-time monitoring and feedback are carried out on the temperature and deformation of the weldment in the actual welding process; (3) and analyzing and comparing the feedback information with the simulation information, and adjusting the actual welding parameters. The device comprises a welding system, a monitoring system and a CAE workstation, wherein the welding system comprises a laser head, a protector nozzle, a wire feeding nozzle and a welding platform, and the monitoring system comprises an infrared thermometer and an angle measuring instrument which are respectively connected with the CAE workstation; the infrared thermometers are respectively fixed on the laser arms and move along with the movement of the lasers; the angle measuring instrument and the workbench are at the same horizontal position. The invention accurately monitors and controls the temperature and deformation of the welding seam in real time, can effectively improve the welding quality of the welding seam and reduce the deformation of the welding part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser welding system, in particular to a laser cleaning and laser welding integrated welding system for curved surface connection, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding.
Background
The titanium alloy has a series of characteristics of low density, high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance and the like, and is an important structural material in advanced aircraft manufacturing. The titanium alloy skin-stringer wall plate welding technology plays an important role in modern aircraft manufacturing engineering, and in a skin wall plate T-shaped connecting structure, a double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding process of the T-shaped connecting structure is a brand new welding process which is newly developed in the years. Different from the traditional single-side welding and double-side forming process of the T-shaped structure, the double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding process ensures the integrity of the outer surface of the bottom plate (skin), so that the double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding process is widely applied to structures such as airplane fuselage wall plates and the like with high requirements on the integrity of the aerodynamic appearance of the outer surface of the skin. However, during the welding process, various welding deformations occur to the weldment due to the action of uneven heating of the material, thermal gradients in the thickness direction of the plate, local non-coordinated plastic strain of the material and welding residual stress. Therefore, a method and a device for controlling deformation of double-laser-beam bilateral synchronous welding are urgently needed, and deformation is controlled by monitoring deformation tendency of a weldment in real time and adjusting process parameters in time to change heat input in the welding process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively improve the welding quality of a welding seam, reduce the deformation of the welding part and improve the welding efficiency of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard, the invention provides a method and a device for controlling the deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard through double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding, which can adapt to the practical and complex working conditions, monitor the deformation tendency of the welding part in real time in the welding process, adjust the technological parameters in time to change the heat input, realize the prediction and control of the deformation of the welding seam, and are simple and efficient.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a double-laser-beam bilateral synchronous welding deformation control device for a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard comprises a welding system, a monitoring system and a CAE workstation. The welding system comprises a first laser head, a second laser head, a protective gas device, a wire feeding device and a welding workbench, wherein the first laser head and the second laser head are respectively positioned on two sides of a weldment and are respectively provided with a wire feeding nozzle and a protective gas nozzle, and the wire feeding nozzle device, the protective gas device and the laser heads move synchronously during welding. And the welding system control device is connected with the CAE workstation through a data transmission line. The monitoring system comprises a temperature measuring device and an angle measuring instrument, the temperature measuring device comprises a first infrared thermometer and a second infrared thermometer, the first infrared thermometer is fixed on the rear side of the first laser head machine arm in the welding moving direction, the second infrared thermometer is fixed on the rear side of the second laser head machine arm in the welding moving direction, and the angle measuring instrument is fixed at the same horizontal position with the welding workbench. The CAE workstation is connected with the first infrared thermometer, the second infrared thermometer and the angle measuring instrument through data transmission lines, and receives real-time welding seam temperature and deformation data in the welding process.
The invention also adopts the following technical scheme: a double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control method for a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard comprises the following steps:
s1: and starting the CAE workstation, establishing a three-dimensional model according to the shape and the size of the actual weldment and dividing grids.
S2: and simulating the distribution of a temperature field and a stress field in the welding process according to the actual welding condition.
S3: and adjusting and checking the heat source model and the finite element grid model, and adjusting parameters to obtain the optimal welding effect and the simulated welding process data.
S4: and (4) starting an infrared thermometer and an angle measuring instrument switch, starting a shielding gas device and a wire feeding device, and then starting a laser to perform welding operation on an actual welding part.
S5: the infrared thermometer measures the real-time temperature of the welding seam, the angle measuring instrument measures the angle between the welding piece and the welding operation platform, the real-time numerical information is fed back, and the real-time numerical information is transmitted to the CAE workstation.
S6: the CAE workstation compares the real-time feedback data information with the simulation information, and if the difference is less than (or equal to) 5%, the welding process proceeds normally, and then S8 is performed.
S7: and the CAE workstation compares the real-time feedback data information with the simulation information, if the difference is more than 5%, the difference data is output to a welding system control device, the welding system adjusts the actual welding common parameters, changes the heat input, continues welding, and the step is switched to S6.
S8: and (5) closing the laser, the shielding gas device and the wire feeding device, closing the infrared thermometer and the angle measuring instrument, and finishing welding.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method and the device for controlling the double-laser-beam bilateral synchronous welding deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard innovatively realize the double-laser-beam bilateral synchronous welding deformation control, can flexibly and accurately complete the real-time monitoring and regulation and control of temperature and deformation in the welding process, avoid the defects of severe deformation and poor welding effect caused by uneven heating of materials and thermal gradient in the thickness direction, effectively control the deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard welding process, ensure good welding seam quality, greatly improve the welding efficiency and reduce the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow of a deformation control method for double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding of a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard;
FIG. 2 is a double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control device for a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard.
Wherein:
1-a first laser head; 2-a second laser head; 3-a first wire feeding nozzle; 4-a second wire feeding nozzle; 5-first protection air nozzle; 6-a second protection air nozzle; 7-a first infrared thermometer; 8-a second infrared thermometer; 9-a welding workbench; 11-an angle measuring instrument; 12-CAE workstation.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus for controlling deformation in double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding for titanium alloy skin-stringer wall panels according to the present invention includes a welding system, a monitoring system and a CAE workstation 12.
In the welding system, a first laser head 1 is provided with a first wire feeding nozzle 3 and a first protection air nozzle 5 at the same side, a second laser head 2 is provided with a first wire feeding nozzle 4 and a first protection air nozzle 6 at the same side, a welding part 10 is fixedly clamped on a welding workbench 9, the first laser head 1 and the second laser head 2 are respectively positioned at two sides of the welding part 10, and a wire feeding nozzle device, a protection air device and the laser heads move synchronously during welding. The welding system control is connected to the CAE workstation 12 via a data transmission line. In the monitoring system, a first infrared thermometer 7 is fixed on the rear side of the first laser head 1 machine arm along the welding moving direction, a second infrared thermometer 8 is fixed on the rear side of the second laser head 2 machine arm along the welding moving direction, moves synchronously with the laser heads, monitors the welding seam temperature of a real-time welding position 2mm away from the rear side of the welding direction, and transmits real-time welding seam temperature parameters to a CAE workstation 12 through a data transmission line. The angle measuring instrument 11 is fixed at the same horizontal position with the welding workbench 9, the position is fixed during welding, meanwhile, the angle generated between the welding parts 10 at the two sides of the welding seam and the workbench 9 is measured in real time, and the real-time welding seam temperature parameters are transmitted to the CAE workstation 12 through the data transmission line until the welding operation is finished. The data information output end of the CAE workstation 12 is connected with a welding system control device.
A double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control method for a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard comprises the following specific implementation steps: and starting the CAE workstation 12, establishing a three-dimensional model according to the shape and the size of the actual weldment, dividing grids, simulating the distribution of a temperature field and a stress field in the welding process according to the actual welding working condition, adjusting and checking a heat source model and a finite element grid model, and adjusting parameters to obtain the optimal welding effect and the simulated welding process data. And starting switches of the first infrared thermometer 7, the second infrared thermometer 8 and the angle measuring instrument 11, starting the protective gas device and the wire feeding device, and then starting the laser to weld the actual welded part 10. The first infrared thermometer 7 and the second infrared thermometer 8 measure the real-time temperature of the weld joint, the angle measuring instrument 11 measures the angle between the weld part 10 and the welding operation platform 9, the real-time numerical information is fed back and transmitted to the CAE workstation 12. The CAE workstation 12 compares the real-time feedback data information with the simulation information, and if the difference value is less than or equal to 5%, the welding process is normally carried out until the welding is finished; if the difference is larger than 5%, outputting the difference data to a welding system control device, adjusting the actual welding common parameters by the welding system, changing the heat input, continuing welding until the difference is smaller than or equal to 5%, and then continuing welding. And finally, closing the laser, the shielding gas device and the wire feeding device, closing the infrared thermometer and the angle measuring instrument 11, and finishing welding.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation control method for a titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: starting a CAE workstation, establishing a three-dimensional model according to the shape and the size of an actual weldment and dividing grids;
s2: simulating the distribution of a temperature field and a stress field in the welding process according to the actual welding condition;
s3: adjusting and checking the heat source model and the finite element grid model, and adjusting parameters to obtain the optimal welding effect and the simulated welding process data;
s4: starting an infrared thermometer and an angle measuring instrument switch, starting a shielding gas device and a wire feeding device, and then starting a laser to weld an actual welding part;
s5: the infrared thermometer measures the real-time temperature of a welding seam, the angle measuring instrument measures the angle between a welding piece and a welding operation platform, the real-time numerical information is fed back and transmitted to the CAE workstation;
s6: the CAE workstation compares the real-time feedback data information with the simulation information, if the difference value is less than or equal to 5%, the welding engineering is normally carried out, and the operation is switched to S8;
s7: the CAE workstation compares the real-time feedback data information with the simulation information, if the difference is larger than 5%, the difference data is output to a welding system control device, the welding system adjusts the actual welding common parameters, changes the heat input, continues welding, and the step is switched to S6;
s8: and (5) closing the laser, the shielding gas device and the wire feeding device, closing the infrared thermometer and the angle measuring instrument, and finishing welding.
2. The method for controlling the double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wall plate according to claim 1, wherein the welding system comprises a first laser head, a second laser head, a shielding gas device, a wire feeding device and a welding workbench, the first laser head and the second laser head are respectively positioned at two sides of a weldment and are respectively provided with a wire feeding nozzle and a shielding gas nozzle, and the wire feeding nozzle device, the shielding gas device and the laser heads synchronously move during welding; the welding system control device is connected with the CAE workstation through a data transmission line;
the infrared temperature measuring instrument comprises a first infrared temperature measuring instrument and a second infrared temperature measuring instrument, the first infrared temperature measuring instrument is fixed on the first laser head machine arm and is arranged at the rear side of the welding moving direction, the second infrared temperature measuring instrument is fixed on the rear side of the second laser head machine arm along the welding moving direction, and the angle measuring instrument is fixed at the same horizontal position with the welding workbench;
the CAE workstation is connected with the first infrared thermometer, the second infrared thermometer and the angle measuring instrument through data transmission lines, and receives real-time welding seam temperature and deformation data in the welding process.
3. The method for controlling the double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wall plate according to claim 2, wherein the first infrared thermometer and the second infrared thermometer move synchronously with the laser head during welding, the welding seam temperature of the real-time welding position at the position 2mm behind the welding direction is monitored, and the real-time welding seam temperature parameter is transmitted to the CAE workstation through a data transmission line until the welding operation is finished; the temperature measuring range is-30 ℃ to 3000 ℃.
4. The method for controlling the double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wallboard according to claim 2, wherein the position of the angle measuring instrument is fixed during welding, the angle generated between a weldment at two sides of a welding seam and a workbench is measured in real time, and real-time angle parameters are transmitted to a CAE workstation through a data transmission line until the welding operation is finished; the measuring angle range is 0-15 degrees.
5. The method for controlling the double-laser-beam double-side synchronous welding deformation of the titanium alloy skin-stringer wall plate according to claim 2, wherein a data information input end of the CAE workstation is connected with an infrared thermometer and an angle measuring instrument, and a data information output end of the CAE workstation is connected with a welding system control device.
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| CN114131233B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-09-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Flat plate single-side welding dynamic bending deformation experiment system and method |
| CN114872326A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Hot-press welding equipment and method for lap joint structure of thermoplastic composite material and light alloy |
| CN115156662B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-07-21 | 湘潭大学 | Space weld track step-by-step adjustment welding method for fan impeller |
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