CN112333447A - Audio and video transcoding method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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- H04N19/40—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream
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Abstract
The invention discloses an audio and video transcoding method, an audio and video transcoding device and a storage medium, aiming at the problem that the transcoding task cannot be completed due to the failure of a transcoding code device in the existing audio and video transcoding method, a main device group and an exclusive backup device group are established, the main device and the backup device or the exclusive backup device are determined, the mapping relation or the binding relation between the main device and the backup device is established, and when the main device fails, the transcoding task is automatically migrated to the backup device according to the mapping relation or the binding relation; the automatic transfer function of the transcoding task is realized, and the transcoding task can be normally carried out after the equipment fails.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of audio and video transcoding, and particularly relates to an audio and video transcoding method, device, equipment and storage medium.
Background
The transcoding technology is to change the existing video coding mode by technical means, the transcoding technology is divided into 2 parts of contents, one part relates to the coding technology, and the other part is the decoding technology. The video coding technology has different characteristics according to the occurrence time and occasions, and the coding technology completes the perfection of H261, H263 and H264 through the development of mpeg2 and mpeg4, and the coding performance is higher and higher. Especially, the appearance of H264 makes network video possible, 1080p video can be transmitted and played smoothly under the code stream with the bandwidth of 4Mbps, and the resolution of D1 can be played smoothly under the bandwidth of 2 Mbps. With the increasing demand of people on video quality, 4k coding technology comes up, the resolution of 4k is 4 times of 1080p, the occupied pixel volume is 4 times of 1080p, the occupied bandwidth of the 4k code stream of H264 coding is at least more than 16Mbps to realize stable playing, the demand on the current bandwidth is very high, the demand can not be met in most occasions, and if the occupied bandwidth is reduced, the popularization and the promotion of 4k become possible.
The encoding technology of H265 is greatly improved based on the encoding technology of H264, and the compression rate is 2 times, even 3 times, that of H264, so it is only necessary to complete the transmission and playing of 4k video and convert the code stream of H264 into H265.
When a large amount of videos need to be subjected to format conversion, a plurality of single-version transcoding software can be adopted for transcoding; and a more efficient method is to design a distributed transcoding system for transcoding. Distributed video transcoding can generally be performed in four steps: a. decapsulation, b, video decoding and encoding, c, audio decoding and encoding, d and encapsulation. The video decoding and encoding step of the four steps takes 80% -90% of the time of the whole transcoding process. In order to increase the transcoding speed, it is most important to reduce the overall transcoding time to reduce the processing time of video decoding and encoding.
The idea of distributed transcoding is to utilize multiple servers to decode and encode the progressive GOPs (group pictures) simultaneously in parallel, and the more servers processing the GOPs in parallel, the less time is consumed in the whole transcoding process. For this purpose, distributed transcoding systems are generally designed to: one server is responsible for decapsulation, multiple servers are responsible for processing GOPs, one server is responsible for processing audio packets, and one server is responsible for encapsulating and outputting a target video file.
However, in the process of transcoding, if equipment failure occurs, the transcoding task cannot be smoothly completed, and the target audio/video file cannot be output.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an audio and video transcoding method, device, equipment and storage medium, which can realize the automatic migration function of a transcoding task and ensure that the transcoding task can be normally carried out after the equipment fails.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an audio and video transcoding method, comprising:
creating an equipment group, and determining a main equipment group and a backup equipment group;
respectively adding equipment to the main equipment group and the backup equipment group, and determining the main equipment and the backup equipment; the equipment comprises GPU equipment, CPU equipment and transcoding card equipment;
establishing a mapping relation between the main equipment and the backup equipment;
in the process of carrying out the transcoding task, when the main equipment fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup equipment according to the mapping relation; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the master device group and the backup device group further includes:
when one device group is bound with another device group, the device group sending the binding request becomes a main device group, and the device group receiving the binding request becomes a backup device group;
after the binding is successful, the backup device group is an exclusive backup device group of the main device group, and one exclusive backup device group can only bind one main device group.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the primary device and the backup device further includes:
the equipment in the main equipment group is main equipment, and the equipment in the backup equipment group is backup equipment;
after the main device binds the backup device, the bound backup device is an exclusive backup device of the main device, and one exclusive backup device can only bind one main device;
and when the main equipment fails, automatically migrating the transcoding task to the exclusive backup equipment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the establishing a mapping relationship between the primary device and the backup device further includes:
the transcoding tasks are divided into CPU tasks, GPU tasks and transcoding card tasks, and CUP tasks on the main equipment are preferentially transferred to the CPU equipment; and when the performance of the CPU equipment is insufficient, automatically migrating to GPU equipment or transcoding card equipment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the establishing a mapping relationship between the primary device and the backup device further includes:
according to different transcoding tasks, the current resources are consumed differently, and the transcoding tasks are distributed reasonably; the use of the current resources at least comprises the use conditions of a CPU and a memory, and when the resources occupied by the memory of the equipment exceed the resources occupied by the CPU, the transcoding task with low occupied resources and high memory consumption is allocated to the equipment; and when the resources occupied by the CPU of the equipment exceed the resources occupied by the memory, distributing the transcoding task with high occupied resources and low memory consumption to the equipment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, before performing the transcoding task, the method further includes: setting the priority of a transcoding task;
when the task is migrated, a transcoding task with high priority is preferentially distributed to the backup equipment;
and when the resources of the backup equipment are insufficient, the transcoding task with lower priority is automatically abandoned, and an alarm is given.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the migration of the transcoding task from the main device to the backup device is realized in a live migration mode.
An audio-video transcoding device, comprising:
the device backup module is used for creating a device group and determining a main device group and a backup device group; respectively adding equipment to the main equipment group and the backup equipment group, and determining the main equipment and the backup equipment; the equipment comprises GPU equipment, CPU equipment and transcoding card equipment;
the task migration module is used for establishing a mapping relation between the main equipment and the backup equipment; in the process of carrying out the transcoding task, when the main equipment fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup equipment according to the mapping relation; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
An audio-video transcoding device comprising:
a memory having instructions stored therein and at least one processor, the memory and the at least one processor interconnected by a line;
the at least one processor calls the instruction in the memory to enable the audio and video transcoding device to execute the audio and video transcoding method in an embodiment of the present invention.
A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implementing an audio and video transcoding method in an embodiment of the present invention.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1) the audio and video transcoding method in one embodiment of the invention aims at the situation that the transcoding task cannot be completed because the fault of a transcoding device is not considered in the existing audio and video transcoding method, determines a main device and a backup device or an exclusive backup device by creating a main device group and an exclusive backup device group, establishes a mapping relation or a binding relation between the main device and the backup device, and automatically migrates the transcoding task to the backup device according to the mapping relation or the binding relation when the main device has the fault; the automatic transfer function of the transcoding task is realized, and the transcoding task can be normally carried out after the equipment fails.
2) According to the audio and video transcoding method in one embodiment of the invention, by establishing the mapping relation between the main device and the backup device, when a task is migrated, a CPU task on the main device is preferentially migrated to the CPU device, and when the performance of the CPU device is insufficient, the CPU device is automatically migrated to the GPU device or the transcoding card device, so that more space is left for the GPU device and the transcoding card device, and the task can be successfully migrated as much as possible; and the transcoding task can be reasonably distributed according to the resource use condition of the equipment.
3) According to the audio and video transcoding method in the embodiment of the invention, by establishing the binding relationship between the main device and the backup device, when the main device is a GPU device and the exclusive backup device is a CPU device or a transcoding card device, the function that a transcoding task on the GPU device can be migrated to the CPU device or the transcoding card device is realized, so that the task migration is not limited by the performance of the device and can be flexibly carried out.
4) According to the audio and video transcoding method in the embodiment of the invention, the transcoding task with high priority is migrated preferentially by setting the priority of the transcoding task, and when the backup equipment resources are insufficient, the transcoding task with low priority is automatically abandoned and started and an alarm is given, so that the running of the important transcoding task is ensured.
5) According to the audio and video transcoding method, the transcoding task is migrated in a thermal migration mode, the waiting time in task migration is effectively shortened, and the progress of transcoding migration is accelerated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of an audio/video transcoding method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of thermomigration in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating task migration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for audio/video transcoding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for audio/video transcoding in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes an audio/video transcoding method, apparatus, device, and storage medium according to the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Example one
One transcoding task is to transcode an audio or video to obtain an output code stream with specified requirements. If different transcoding processing is carried out on the same audio or video to obtain output code streams with different specified requirements, the tasks are different.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for transcoding an audio and video provided by this embodiment includes:
step S1: creating an equipment group, and determining a main equipment group and a backup equipment group;
step S2: respectively adding equipment to the main equipment group and the backup equipment group, and determining the main equipment and the backup equipment; the equipment comprises GPU equipment, CPU equipment and transcoding card equipment;
step S3: establishing a mapping relation between the main equipment and the backup equipment; in the process of carrying out the transcoding task, when the main equipment fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup equipment according to the mapping relation; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
Because the invention aims to realize the automatic transcoding task migration function and ensure that the transcoding task can be normally performed after the equipment fails, the backup and task migration contents related to the transcoding task migration are mainly introduced in the embodiment. And the implementation of the coding and decoding aspects of the audio and video is not described.
In step S1, a device group is created, and a master device group and a backup device group are determined. When one device group is bound with another device group, the device group sending the binding request becomes a main device group, and the device group receiving the binding request becomes a backup device group; after the binding is successful, the backup device group is an exclusive backup device group of the main device group, and one exclusive backup device group can only bind one main device group.
In step S2, devices are added to the master device group and the backup device group, respectively, and the master device and the backup device are determined. The device comprises a GPU device, a CPU device and a transcoding card device. Generally, a device in the main device group is a main device, and a device in the backup device group is a backup device.
When the main device binds the backup device, the bound backup device is an exclusive backup device of the main device, and one exclusive backup device can only bind one main device. And when the main equipment fails, automatically migrating the transcoding task to the exclusive backup equipment.
It can be understood that M main devices in the main device group and N backup devices in the backup device group may form M + N backups, that is, a task on any one main device in the main device group may be migrated to the N backup devices in the backup device group. In addition, the primary device and the dedicated backup device may constitute a 1+1 backup. The exclusive backup device group and the exclusive backup device cannot be bound by other groups or devices, and redundant backup of a specific task is guaranteed.
In step S3, a mapping relationship between the primary device and the backup device is established, and in the process of performing the transcoding task, when the primary device fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup device according to the mapping relationship; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
The transcoding task is divided into a CPU task, a GPU task and a transcoding card task. Different tasks have different requirements on the hardware performance of the device. In the conventional backup, in order to ensure successful task migration, the backup device is required to have the same or higher hardware performance, which is very easy to cause waste of device resources. The present embodiment employs a mapping relationship to solve this problem.
Specifically, a mapping relationship table may be created for M pieces of master devices and N pieces of backup devices, and a backup device or an exclusive backup device of each master device may be specified in the mapping relationship table. There may be more than one backup device for a primary device, but only one dedicated backup device for a primary device. By establishing a mapping relationship or a binding relationship, the GPU device may be bound with the GPU device, the CPU device, or the transcoding card device. During task migration, a transcoding task on a main device (GPU device) can be preferentially migrated to a CPU device; when the performance of the CPU equipment is insufficient, the CPU equipment is automatically migrated to the GPU equipment or the transcoding card equipment, more space is reserved for the GPU equipment and the transcoding card equipment, and the transcoding tasks can be successfully migrated as much as possible.
On the other hand, different tasks consume different resources, and the tasks can be reasonably distributed by comparing the performance among the devices through the mapping relation, so that the use efficiency of the devices is maximized. The use of resources at least comprises the use conditions of a CPU and a memory, and when the resources occupied by the memory in the equipment exceed the resources occupied by the CPU, a transcoding task with low occupied resources and high memory consumption is allocated to the equipment; and when the resources occupied by the CPU in the equipment exceed the resources occupied by the memory, the transcoding task with high occupied resources and low memory consumption is allocated to the equipment.
For important transcoding tasks, the priority of the transcoding tasks may be set. When the task is migrated, the transcoding task with higher priority is preferentially distributed to the backup equipment; when the resources of the backup device are insufficient, the transcoding task with lower priority is automatically abandoned, and an alarm is given, so that the running of important tasks is ensured.
In addition, the transcoding task in this embodiment is implemented in a live migration manner. In cold migration, after receiving a migration instruction, the backup service needs to stop the transcoding process on the main device first and then restart the backup device, which takes a long time in the whole process. And the hot migration is based on task preloading, so that the waiting time can be effectively shortened.
Experiments have found that the process of starting up a connection, then decapsulating and successfully receiving the first key frame of a video source stream is the most time-consuming in starting up the whole task, and this process is called preloading. As shown in fig. 2, for an important task on the primary device, the same backup task is first established in the backup device. And starting the main task, and issuing a backup command by the central management service to preload the backup task. When the primary device fails, the control service immediately initializes the backup task transcoding service and output (as shown in FIG. 3). Similarly, the main task stops, the central management service issues a backup stopping command, corresponding video source streams are released, and resources are saved.
The audio and video transcoding method provided by the invention aims at the situation that in the existing audio and video transcoding method, the transcoding task cannot be completed due to the fault of a transcoding code device is not considered, a main device group and an exclusive backup device group are established, the main device and the backup device or the exclusive backup device are determined, the mapping relation or the binding relation between the main device and the backup device is established, and when the main device has the fault, the transcoding task is automatically migrated to the backup device according to the mapping relation or the binding relation; the automatic transfer function of the transcoding task is realized, and the transcoding task can be normally carried out after the equipment fails. During task migration, on one hand, a CPU task on the main device can be preferentially migrated to the CPU device, and when the performance of the CPU device is insufficient, the CPU task is automatically migrated to the GPU device or the transcoding card device, so that more space is reserved for the GPU device and the transcoding card device, and the task can be successfully migrated as much as possible; and the transcoding task can be reasonably distributed according to the resource use condition of the equipment. On the other hand, by establishing the binding relationship between the main device and the backup device, when the main device is a GPU device and the exclusive backup device is a CPU device or a transcoding card device, the function that the transcoding task on the GPU device can be migrated to the CPU device or the transcoding card device is realized, and the task migration is not limited by the performance of the device and can be flexibly carried out. In addition, the transcoding task with high priority is migrated preferentially by setting the priority of the transcoding task, and when the backup equipment resources are insufficient, the transcoding task with low priority is automatically abandoned and started, and an alarm is given, so that the running of the important transcoding task is ensured. The method realizes the migration of the transcoding task in a thermal migration mode, effectively shortens the waiting time in task migration, and accelerates the progress of transcoding migration.
Example two
The invention also provides an audio and video transcoding device, and referring to fig. 4, the device comprises:
the device backup module 1 is used for creating a device group and determining a main device group and a backup device group; respectively adding equipment to the main equipment group and the backup equipment group, and determining the main equipment and the backup equipment; the equipment comprises GPU equipment, CPU equipment and transcoding card equipment.
The task migration module 2 is used for establishing a mapping relation between the main equipment and the backup equipment; in the process of carrying out the transcoding task, when the main equipment fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup equipment according to the mapping relation; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
The specific contents and implementation methods of the device backup module 1 and the task migration module 2 are all as described in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment describes the audio and video transcoding device in detail from the perspective of hardware processing.
Referring to fig. 5, the audio/video transcoding apparatus 500 may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (CPUs) 510 (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 520, and one or more storage media 530 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) storing applications 533 or data 532. Memory 520 and storage media 530 may be, among other things, transient or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage medium 530 may include one or more modules (not shown), and each module may include a series of instructions for operating on the audio/video transcoding device 500.
Further, the processor 510 may be configured to communicate with the storage medium 530, and execute a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 530 on the audio/video transcoding apparatus 500.
The audio video transcoding device 500 may also include one or more power supplies 540, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 550, one or more input-output interfaces 560, and/or one or more operating systems 531, such as windows server, Vista, and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture of the audio/video transcoding device shown in fig. 5 does not constitute a limitation of the audio/video transcoding device and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and which may also be a volatile computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the audio/video transcoding method in the first embodiment.
The modules in the second embodiment, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be substantially or partially implemented in software, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses and devices may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An audio and video transcoding method, comprising:
creating an equipment group, and determining a main equipment group and a backup equipment group;
respectively adding equipment to the main equipment group and the backup equipment group, and determining the main equipment and the backup equipment; the equipment comprises GPU equipment, CPU equipment and transcoding card equipment;
establishing a mapping relation between the main equipment and the backup equipment;
in the process of carrying out the transcoding task, when the main equipment fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup equipment according to the mapping relation; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
2. The audio-video transcoding method of claim 1, wherein the determining the master device group and the backup device group further comprises:
when one device group is bound with another device group, the device group sending the binding request becomes a main device group, and the device group receiving the binding request becomes a backup device group;
after the binding is successful, the backup device group is an exclusive backup device group of the main device group, and one exclusive backup device group can only bind one main device group.
3. The audio-video transcoding method of claim 1, wherein the determining the primary device and the backup device further comprises:
the equipment in the main equipment group is main equipment, and the equipment in the backup equipment group is backup equipment;
after a main device binds a backup device, the bound backup device is an exclusive backup device of the main device, and one exclusive backup device can only bind one main device;
and when the main equipment fails, automatically migrating the transcoding task to the exclusive backup equipment.
4. The audio-video transcoding method of claim 1, wherein the establishing of the mapping relationship between the primary device and the backup device further comprises:
the transcoding tasks are divided into CPU tasks, GPU tasks and transcoding card tasks, and CUP tasks on the main equipment are preferentially transferred to the CPU equipment; and when the performance of the CPU equipment is insufficient, automatically migrating to GPU equipment or transcoding card equipment.
5. The audio-video transcoding method of claim 4, wherein the establishing of the mapping relationship between the primary device and the backup device further comprises:
according to different transcoding tasks, the current resources are consumed differently, and the transcoding tasks are distributed reasonably; the use of the current resources at least comprises the use conditions of a CPU and a memory, and when the resources occupied by the memory of the equipment exceed the resources occupied by the CPU, the transcoding task with low occupied resources and high memory consumption is allocated to the equipment; and when the resources occupied by the CPU of the equipment exceed the resources occupied by the memory, distributing the transcoding task with high occupied resources and low memory consumption to the equipment.
6. The audio-video transcoding method of claim 1, wherein before performing the transcoding task, further comprising: setting the priority of a transcoding task;
when the task is migrated, a transcoding task with high priority is preferentially distributed to the backup equipment;
and when the resources of the backup equipment are insufficient, the transcoding task with lower priority is automatically abandoned, and an alarm is given.
7. The audio-video transcoding method of claim 1, wherein the migration of the transcoding task from the primary device to the backup device is achieved in a live migration manner.
8. An audio/video transcoding apparatus, comprising:
the device backup module is used for creating a device group and determining a main device group and a backup device group; respectively adding equipment to the main equipment group and the backup equipment group, and determining the main equipment and the backup equipment; the equipment comprises GPU equipment, CPU equipment and transcoding card equipment;
the task migration module is used for establishing a mapping relation between the main equipment and the backup equipment; in the process of carrying out the transcoding task, when the main equipment fails, the transcoding task is migrated to the backup equipment according to the mapping relation; and after the transcoding task is migrated, automatically stopping the transcoding task on the main equipment and starting the transcoding task on the backup equipment.
9. An audio-video transcoding device, comprising:
a memory having instructions stored therein and at least one processor, the memory and the at least one processor interconnected by a line;
the at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the audio video transcoding device to perform the audio video transcoding method of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements an audio/video transcoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Application publication date: 20210205 |