CN112332702B - Suspended rotary generator - Google Patents

Suspended rotary generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112332702B
CN112332702B CN202011274376.3A CN202011274376A CN112332702B CN 112332702 B CN112332702 B CN 112332702B CN 202011274376 A CN202011274376 A CN 202011274376A CN 112332702 B CN112332702 B CN 112332702B
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coil
piezoelectric vibrator
fixed
moving
half shaft
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CN112332702A (en
Inventor
蒋永华
柴君凌
刘盼盼
赖德章
祝孟松
王淑云
阚君武
曾平
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Chongqing Science City Intellectual Property Operation Center Co ltd
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Zhejiang Normal University CJNU
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/185Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The invention relates to a suspended rotary generator, belonging to the field of piezoelectric power generation. A left half shaft, a right half shaft and a flange are sequentially arranged on the cantilever shaft from left to right, the flange is arranged on a blade of the wind driven generator, and the blade is arranged on a main shaft of the generator; a body cavity is arranged on the main body, the side wall of the body cavity is arranged on the right half shaft through a bearing, and a circuit board is arranged on the side wall; the outer side of the cylinder wall of the body cavity is provided with an inertia block, the end part of the cylinder wall is provided with an end cover, the end cover presses a fixed ring in the body cavity, a left half shaft and a right half shaft are parallel, a moving ring is sleeved on the left half shaft, a moving ring hole for driving a ring groove is arranged on the moving ring, and a fixed ring hole with a fixed ring groove is arranged on the fixed ring; when the centers of the fixed and movable coils and the fixed and movable coil holes are collinear, the intersection points of the extension lines of the side walls of the movable and fixed coil grooves and the concentric line are respectively positioned on the inner circumference of the movable and fixed coil holes, and the movable and fixed coil grooves are positioned on the same side of the concentric line; one end of the piezoelectric vibrator is propped against the inner wall of the fixed coil hole, and the other end of the piezoelectric vibrator is propped against the inner wall of the moving coil hole; when the piezoelectric vibrator works, the left half shaft forces the piezoelectric vibrator to generate reciprocating bending deformation through the rolling body and the moving coil to generate power.

Description

Suspended rotary generator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and power generation, and particularly relates to an overhanging type rotary generator for supplying power to a large-scale wind driven generator blade monitoring system.
Background
The blades are key parts for receiving wind energy and converting the wind energy into kinetic energy of the wind driven generator, and determine the reliability and the service life of the generator. Because the blade usually works in a severe environment and the self structure size, the weight, the working load and the like are large, the blade cannot be damaged due to natural corrosion, abrasion, fatigue stress and the like except the damage due to the thunderbolt, the earthquake and the like which cannot resist the natural disasters and the like. Practice shows that one third of accidents in the running process of the wind driven generator are caused by blade damage, so that the health monitoring of the wind driven generator blade is imperative. With the increasing length of the blades of the wind driven generators and the increasing number of the wind driven generators, the conventional method of regularly checking and maintaining by manpower cannot meet the production requirement. Therefore, various methods for monitoring the health condition of the blades of the wind driven generator and corresponding power supply devices are proposed, but the online monitoring technology of the blades of the wind driven generator is not widely applied due to the restriction of relevant factors such as the reliability, the power generation capacity and the electromagnetic compatibility of the conventional power supply device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a suspended rotary generator, which adopts the following implementation scheme: the piezoelectric sensor is composed of a main body, an end cover, a cantilever shaft, a piezoelectric vibrator, a fixed coil, a moving coil, a rolling body, a clamp spring, a bearing cover, a sensor and a circuit board. A left half shaft, a right half shaft and a flange are sequentially arranged on the cantilever shaft from left to right, the flange is installed on a blade of the wind driven generator through a screw, and the blade is installed on a main shaft of the generator; the left half shaft and the right half shaft are parallel but not coaxial, a body cavity is arranged on the main body, the side wall of the body cavity is arranged on the right half shaft through a bearing, a clamp spring and a bearing cover, and a circuit board and a sensor are arranged on the side wall; the left half shaft is arranged in the body cavity, a moving coil is sleeved on the left half shaft through a rolling body, the rolling body is a ball or a roller, moving coil holes for driving coil grooves are uniformly distributed in the moving coil, and the moving coil grooves are positioned on the outer edge of the moving coil; the bottom of the outer side of the cylinder wall of the body cavity is provided with an inertia block, the end part of the cylinder wall is provided with an end cover through a screw, and a spigot of the end cover presses the fixed ring in the body cavity; the fixed ring is uniformly provided with fixed ring holes with fixed ring grooves, and the fixed ring grooves are positioned on the inner edge of the fixed ring; the centers of the fixed coil, the fixed coil hole, the moving coil and the moving coil hole are collinear, namely when the centers are all positioned on a concentric line, the intersection points of the extension lines of the side walls of the moving coil groove and the fixed coil groove and the concentric line are respectively positioned on the inner circumferences of the moving coil hole and the fixed coil hole, the moving coil groove and the fixed coil groove are positioned at the same side of the concentric line, namely two side walls of the moving coil groove and two side walls of the fixed coil groove are positioned at the same side of the concentric line, and the side walls of the fixed coil groove and the moving coil groove adjacent to the concentric line are respectively called as the inner wall of the fixed coil groove and the inner wall of the moving coil groove; the included angles among the concentric line, the inner wall of the moving coil groove and the inner wall of the fixed coil groove are respectively a moving coil inclination angle and a fixed coil inclination angle, and the moving coil inclination angle and the fixed coil inclination angle are both larger than zero; the piezoelectric vibrator is composed of a substrate with the same thickness and a piezoelectric sheet adhered to one side of the substrate, one end of the piezoelectric vibrator penetrates through the fixed ring groove and then abuts against the inner wall of the fixed ring hole, the other end of the piezoelectric vibrator penetrates through the moving ring groove and then abuts against the inner wall of the moving ring hole, the piezoelectric sheet is close to a concentric line, and the piezoelectric vibrator and the sensor are connected with the circuit board through different lead groups.
When the wind driven generator works, namely when the blades of the wind driven generator drive the cantilever shaft to rotate along with the main shaft Z of the generator, the main body and the piezoelectric vibrator arranged in the body cavity rotate relative to the cantilever shaft under the action of the inertia force of the inertia block, namely the main body and the piezoelectric vibrator do not rotate along with the cantilever shaft; on the other hand, when the cantilever shaft rotates, the left half shaft rotates relative to the right half shaft, the left half shaft forces the piezoelectric vibrator to generate reciprocating bending deformation through the rolling body and the moving coil and converts mechanical energy into electric energy, the generated electric energy is processed by a conversion circuit on the circuit board and then stored or supplied to the sensor, and the sensor acquires relevant system parameters in real time and then transmits the system parameters through a transmitting unit on the circuit board.
According to the piezoelectric vibrator, when the centers of the fixed coil, the fixed coil hole, the moving coil and the moving coil hole are collinear and the piezoelectric vibrator is far away from one side of the right semi-axis, the distance between the fixed coil hole and the moving coil hole at two ends of the same piezoelectric vibrator is longest, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is minimum and is larger than zero, and the piezoelectric sheets at two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator respectively abut against the inner wall of the moving coil groove and the inner wall of the fixed coil groove so as to ensure that the piezoelectric vibrator is deformed only in the direction of enabling the piezoelectric sheets to bear the compressive stress; then, along with the rotation of the cantilever shaft, the distance between the fixed coil hole and the moving coil hole at the two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator is gradually shortened, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is gradually increased, and the compressive stress borne by the piezoelectric sheet is increased along with the increase of the rotation angle of the cantilever shaft; when the cantilever shaft rotates 180 degrees, the distance between the moving coil holes and the fixed coil holes at the two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator is shortest, and the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is maximum; when the cantilever shaft further rotates, the distance between the moving coil hole and the fixed coil hole at the two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator starts to gradually increase, the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator gradually decreases, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is reduced to the minimum again when the cantilever shaft rotates 360 degrees, so that one-time complete excitation of the piezoelectric vibrator is completed.
In the invention, the rotation direction of the cantilever shaft relative to the main body is the same as the bending deformation direction of the piezoelectric vibrator, namely the rotation direction of the cantilever shaft is that the concave side where the piezoelectric sheet is located points to the convex side where the substrate is located; when the piezoelectric vibrator is bent and deformed, the bending radius of the piezoelectric sheet is smaller than that of the substrate, the piezoelectric sheet always bears the compressive stress, and the reasonable parameter relationship is as follows: x is L/2-Rsin [ L/(2R)]>0. Q1 ═ Q2 ≥ 0, wherein: x is the distance between the left half axis and the right half axis, Q1 and Q2 are the moving and fixed ring inclination angles respectively, L is the length of the piezoelectric vibrator,
Figure GDA0002803515810000021
the bending radius of the interface between the substrate and the piezoelectric sheet on the piezoelectric vibrator, h is the thickness of the substrate, and beta is Em/Ep,EmAnd EpYoung's moduli, k, of the substrate and the piezoelectric sheet, respectively31And
Figure GDA0002803515810000022
the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the allowable compressive stress of the piezoelectric material are respectively, and eta is a correction coefficient related to the thickness of the glue layer.
Advantages and features: the structure and the excitation process are simple, the excitation process is reliable, and no electromagnetic interference exists; the piezoelectric vibrator is unidirectionally excited in a constant amplitude at each rotating speed, and the piezoelectric sheet only bears the pressure stress with controllable magnitude, so that the piezoelectric vibrator is high in reliability, wide in effective frequency band and strong in power generation and supply capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotary generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the cantilever shaft in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 with the piezoelectric vibrator removed;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary generator of fig. 2 after the cantilever shaft is rotated by 180 degrees.
Detailed Description
The rotary generator comprises a main body a, an end cover b, a cantilever shaft c, a piezoelectric vibrator d, a fixed coil e, a movable coil f, a rolling body g, a snap spring h, a bearing i, a bearing cover j, a sensor s and a circuit board p. A left half shaft c3, a right half shaft c2 and a flange c1 are sequentially arranged on the cantilever shaft c from left to right, and the left half shaft c3 and the right half shaft c are parallel but not coaxial; the flange c1 is installed on a blade Y of the wind driven generator through a screw, and the blade Y is installed on a main shaft Z of the generator; a body cavity a0 is arranged on the main body a, a side wall a1 of the body cavity a0 is mounted on a right half shaft c2 through a bearing i, a snap spring h and a bearing cover j, and a circuit board p and a sensor s are mounted on the side wall a 1; the left half shaft c3 is arranged in the body cavity a0, a moving coil f is sleeved on the left half shaft c3 through a rolling body g, and the rolling body g is a ball or a roller; an inertia block a3 is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of a cylinder wall a2 of the body cavity a0, an end cover b is arranged at the end part of the cylinder wall a2 through a screw, and a fixed ring e is pressed in the body cavity a0 through a spigot of the end cover b; the fixed ring e is uniformly provided with fixed ring holes e1 with fixed ring grooves e2, and the fixed ring grooves e2 are positioned on the inner edge of the fixed ring e; the moving coil f is uniformly provided with moving coil holes f1 for driving coil grooves f2, and the moving coil grooves f2 are positioned on the outer edge of the moving coil f; when centers of the fixed coil e, the fixed coil hole e1, the moving coil f and the moving coil hole f1 are collinear, namely, centers of the centers are all located on a concentric line y, intersection points of extension lines of side walls of the moving coil groove f2 and the fixed coil groove e2 and the concentric line y are respectively located on inner circumferences of the moving coil hole f1 and the fixed coil hole e1, the moving coil groove f2 and the fixed coil groove e2 are located on the same side of the concentric line y, namely two side walls of the moving coil groove f2 and two side walls of the fixed coil groove e2 are both located on the same side of the concentric line y, and side walls of the fixed coil groove e2 and the moving coil groove f2 adjacent to the concentric line y are respectively called a fixed coil groove inner wall and a moving coil groove inner wall; the included angles between the concentric line y and the inner wall of the moving coil groove and the inner wall of the fixed coil groove are respectively a moving coil inclination angle Q1 and a fixed coil inclination angle Q2, and the moving coil inclination angle Q1 and the fixed coil inclination angle Q2 are both larger than zero; the piezoelectric vibrator d is composed of a substrate with the same thickness and a piezoelectric sheet adhered to one side of the substrate, one end of the piezoelectric vibrator d penetrates through the fixed ring groove e2 and abuts against the inner wall of the fixed ring hole e1, the other end of the piezoelectric vibrator d penetrates through the moving ring groove f2 and abuts against the inner wall of the moving ring hole f1, the piezoelectric sheet is close to the concentric line y, and the piezoelectric vibrator d and the sensor S are connected with the circuit board p through different lead groups.
When the wind driven generator works, namely when the blades Y of the wind driven generator drive the cantilever shaft c to rotate along with the main shaft Z of the generator, the main body a and the piezoelectric vibrator d arranged in the body cavity a0 rotate relative to the cantilever shaft c under the action of the inertia force of the inertia block a3, namely the main body a and the piezoelectric vibrator d do not rotate along with the cantilever shaft c; on the other hand, when the cantilever shaft c rotates, the left half axis c5 rotates relative to the right half axis c4, the left half axis c3 forces the piezoelectric vibrator d to generate reciprocating bending deformation through the rolling element g and the moving coil f and converts mechanical energy into electric energy, the generated electric energy is processed by a conversion circuit on the circuit board p and then stored or supplied to the sensor s, and the sensor s obtains relevant system parameters in real time and then emits the system parameters through an emitting unit on the circuit board p.
In the invention, when the centers of the fixed coil e, the fixed coil hole e1, the moving coil f and the moving coil hole f1 are collinear and the piezoelectric vibrator d is far away from one side of the right semi-axis c4, the distance between the fixed coil hole e1 and the moving coil hole f1 at two ends of the same piezoelectric vibrator d is longest, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator d is minimum and greater than zero, and the piezoelectric sheets at two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator respectively abut against the inner wall of the moving coil groove and the inner wall of the fixed coil groove to ensure that the piezoelectric vibrator d is deformed only in the direction of enabling the piezoelectric sheets to bear the compressive stress; then, along with the rotation of the cantilever shaft c, the distance between the fixed coil hole e1 and the moving coil hole f1 at the two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator d is gradually shortened, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator d is gradually increased, and the compressive stress borne by the piezoelectric sheet is increased along with the increase of the rotation angle of the cantilever shaft c; when the cantilever shaft c rotates 180 degrees, the distance between the moving coil hole f1 and the fixed coil hole e1 at the two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator d is shortest, and the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator d is maximum; when the cantilever shaft c further rotates, the distance between the moving coil hole f1 and the fixed coil hole e1 at the two ends of the piezoelectric vibrator d starts to gradually increase, the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator d gradually decreases, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator d is reduced to the minimum again when the cantilever shaft c rotates 360 degrees, so that one-time complete excitation of the piezoelectric vibrator d is completed.
In the invention, the rotation direction of the cantilever shaft c relative to the main body a is the same as the bending deformation direction of the piezoelectric vibrator d, namely the rotation direction of the cantilever shaft c is that the concave side where the piezoelectric sheet is located points to the convex side where the substrate is located; when the piezoelectric vibrator d bends and deforms, the bending radius of the piezoelectric sheet is smaller than that of the substrate, the piezoelectric sheet always bears the compressive stress, and the reasonable parameter relationship is as follows: : x is L/2-Rsin [ L/(2R)]>0. Q1 ═ Q2 ≥ 0, wherein: x is the right semi-axis c4 and the left semi-axisc5, Q1 and Q2 are respectively the moving coil inclination angle and the fixed coil inclination angle, L is the length of the piezoelectric vibrator d,
Figure GDA0002803515810000031
the bending radius of the interface between the substrate and the piezoelectric sheet on the piezoelectric vibrator, h is the thickness of the substrate, and beta is Em/Ep,EmAnd EpYoung's moduli, k, of the substrate and the piezoelectric sheet, respectively31And
Figure GDA0002803515810000032
the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the allowable compressive stress of the piezoelectric material are respectively, and eta is a correction coefficient related to the thickness of the glue layer.

Claims (3)

1. A cantilever shaft is sequentially provided with a left half shaft, a right half shaft and a flange from left to right, the flange is arranged on a blade of a wind driven generator, and the blade is arranged on a main shaft of the generator; a body cavity is arranged on the main body, the side wall of the body cavity is arranged on the right half shaft through a bearing, a clamp spring and a bearing cover, and a circuit board and a sensor are arranged on the side wall; the section of thick bamboo wall outside bottom in body cavity is equipped with inertia piece, tip and is equipped with the end cover, and the tang of end cover will decide the ring crimping in body cavity, its characterized in that: the left half shaft and the right half shaft are parallel but not coaxial, a moving coil is sleeved on the left half shaft through a rolling body, moving coil holes for driving coil grooves are uniformly distributed on the moving coil, and fixed coil holes with fixed coil grooves are uniformly distributed on the fixed coil; when the centers of the fixed coil, the fixed coil hole, the moving coil and the moving coil hole are collinear, the intersection points of the extension lines of the side walls of the moving coil groove and the fixed coil groove and a concentric line are respectively positioned on the inner circumferences of the moving coil hole and the fixed coil hole, the moving coil groove and the fixed coil groove are positioned at the same side of the concentric line, the included angles between the concentric line and the inner wall of the moving coil groove and the inner wall of the fixed coil groove are respectively a moving coil inclination angle and a fixed coil inclination angle, and the moving coil inclination angle and the fixed coil inclination angle are both greater than zero; one end of the piezoelectric vibrator penetrates through the fixed ring groove and then abuts against the inner wall of the fixed ring hole, the other end of the piezoelectric vibrator penetrates through the moving ring groove and then abuts against the inner wall of the moving ring hole, and the piezoelectric piece is close to the concentric line; when the piezoelectric vibrator works, the main body and the piezoelectric vibrator do not rotate along with the cantilever shaft, the left half shaft line rotates relative to the right half shaft line, and the left half shaft forces the piezoelectric vibrator to generate reciprocating bending deformation through the rolling body and the moving coil and converts mechanical energy into electric energy.
2. A suspended rotary electrical generator according to claim 1, wherein: the centers of the fixed coil, the fixed coil hole, the moving coil and the moving coil hole are collinear, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is minimum and larger than zero when the piezoelectric vibrator is far away from one side of the right semi-axis, and the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is maximum when the cantilever shaft rotates 180 degrees; the rotation direction of the cantilever shaft relative to the main body is the same as the bending deformation direction of the piezoelectric vibrator.
3. A suspended rotary electrical generator according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: a reasonable parameter relationship is x ═ L/2-R sin [ L/(2R) ] >0, where: x is the distance between the left half axis and the right half axis, L is the length of the piezoelectric vibrator, and R is the bending radius of the interface of the upper substrate of the piezoelectric vibrator and the piezoelectric sheet.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3827853A (en) * 1972-04-14 1974-08-06 Establissements Genoud & Cie A Cigarette lighter with pivoting control member
CN104506083A (en) * 2015-01-07 2015-04-08 浙江师范大学 Rotation-type piezoelectricity wind generator with radial tension excitation
CN204304834U (en) * 2014-09-17 2015-04-29 扬州大学 Symmetric type wind power piezoelectric generation device
CN107989678A (en) * 2017-12-10 2018-05-04 浙江耿坚电子科技有限公司 A kind of automobile exhaust system power generator
CN109505735A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-22 苏州市职业大学 A kind of wind-force piezoelectric generator

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8134281B2 (en) * 2007-07-10 2012-03-13 Omnitek Partners Llc Electrical generators for use in unmoored buoys and the like platforms with low-frequency and time-varying oscillatory motions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3827853A (en) * 1972-04-14 1974-08-06 Establissements Genoud & Cie A Cigarette lighter with pivoting control member
CN204304834U (en) * 2014-09-17 2015-04-29 扬州大学 Symmetric type wind power piezoelectric generation device
CN104506083A (en) * 2015-01-07 2015-04-08 浙江师范大学 Rotation-type piezoelectricity wind generator with radial tension excitation
CN107989678A (en) * 2017-12-10 2018-05-04 浙江耿坚电子科技有限公司 A kind of automobile exhaust system power generator
CN109505735A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-22 苏州市职业大学 A kind of wind-force piezoelectric generator

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