CN112332414A - Intelligent distribution box and system applied to low-voltage distribution transformer - Google Patents
Intelligent distribution box and system applied to low-voltage distribution transformer Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent distribution box and a system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer, relating to power equipment, wherein the distribution box comprises: the three-phase circuit breaker is used for acquiring power grid parameters according to a preset period, judging whether the power grid parameters are in a preset range, uploading warning information to a cloud when the power grid parameters are not in the preset range, and implementing switching-off or switching compensation capacitance according to an instruction issued by the cloud, wherein the power grid parameters comprise at least one of power grid voltage, power grid current, power grid frequency, power grid power factors, temperature of a distribution box or humidity of the distribution box; the edge computing gateway is used for communicating with the cloud terminal, performing edge computing according to the power grid parameters and uploading the edge computing result to the cloud terminal; and the reactive compensation unit is used for providing a plurality of compensation capacitors with different capacitance values according to the control signals of the three-phase circuit breaker. The invention can realize remote switching of the compensation capacitor and remote brake opening, and saves labor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to power equipment, in particular to an intelligent distribution box and an intelligent distribution system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer.
Background
With the increasing development of economy, people have more and more requirements on electric energy, and new problems are brought while the power grid is continuously built. The distribution box is used as a general distribution center before electric energy enters a home, the interior of the traditional distribution box generally consists of an air switch, a leakage protector or a fuse, an ammeter, a voltmeter and an electric meter at present, the collected data is single, a corresponding data processing module is lacked, and each collected electric energy index cannot be subjected to effective data analysis. And traditional block terminal does not have reactive power compensator, can not realize the compensation on the spot to the idle vacancy. On the development of maintenance work, the traditional distribution box mainly solves the problems by means of telephone repair reporting, fault repair and manual inspection, and has the problems of difficult recovery of equipment power failure, untimely response, high operation and maintenance cost and the like. Accordingly, improvements are needed in electrical distribution boxes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides: an intelligent distribution box and a system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer are used for achieving functions of data acquisition, electric energy analysis, remote reactive power compensation and the like, and manpower cost is reduced.
According to a first scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention:
an intelligent distribution box applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer comprises:
the three-phase circuit breaker is used for acquiring power grid parameters according to a preset period, judging whether the power grid parameters are in a preset range, uploading warning information to a cloud when the power grid parameters are not in the preset range, and implementing switching-off or switching compensation capacitance according to an instruction issued by the cloud, wherein the power grid parameters comprise at least one of power grid voltage, power grid current, power grid frequency, power grid power factors, temperature of a distribution box or humidity of the distribution box;
the edge computing gateway is used for communicating with the cloud terminal, performing edge computing according to the power grid parameters and uploading the edge computing result to the cloud terminal;
and the reactive compensation unit is used for providing a plurality of compensation capacitors with different capacitance values according to the control signals of the three-phase circuit breaker.
In some embodiments, the three-phase circuit breaker further comprises three single-phase circuit breakers respectively connected to the output ends of the three phases of the three-phase circuit breaker, and the single-phase circuit breaker is used for performing opening when the three-phase circuit breaker fails.
In some embodiments, the three-phase circuit breaker comprises an intelligent identification module, a data acquisition module and an adjusting device;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring signals including power grid current, power grid voltage and power grid frequency;
the intelligent identification module is used for converting the signals acquired by the data acquisition module into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the edge computing gateway;
and the adjusting device is controlled by the intelligent identification module and is used for executing the brake separating action.
In some embodiments, the implementing of the opening according to the instruction issued by the cloud includes:
detecting current power grid current, and implementing a first switching-off mode when the power grid current is greater than a preset value; and when the grid current is smaller than a preset value, implementing a second switching mode, wherein the switching-off time of the first switching mode is smaller than the switching-off time of the second switching mode.
In some embodiments, the switching the compensation capacitor according to the command issued by the cloud includes:
after receiving a command sent by a cloud, detecting a power grid phase;
and switching a compensation capacitor at the voltage zero crossing point according to the power grid phase.
In some embodiments, the active filter further comprises an LC series cell, the active filter comprising: the inverter comprises a first switch, a second switch, a first capacitor and a first inductor, wherein the first switch and the second switch are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the first capacitor, the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is used as the first end of the active filter, the second end of the first capacitor is used as the second end of the active filter, the active filter is connected in series with a primary output winding of the inverter, and the LC series unit is connected between one end of a secondary output winding of the inverter and the ground.
In some embodiments, the reactive compensation unit includes a plurality of groups of capacitor units connected in parallel and having different capacitance values, and each group of capacitor units is composed of a capacitor and a bidirectional thyristor.
In some embodiments, the edge computing gateway further includes an encryption authorization module, where the encryption authorization module is configured to authorize and encrypt data uploaded by the edge computing gateway.
According to a second scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention:
an intelligent power distribution system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer comprises an intelligent power distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer and a management system;
the management system is configured to: the method comprises the steps of obtaining data uploaded by an edge computing gateway, pushing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway to an APP, a public number or a WEB platform based on a query instruction, processing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway or pushing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway to obtain a result, and sending an instruction to a three-phase circuit breaker through the edge computing gateway.
In some embodiments, the management system is further configured to record alarm information uploaded by each edge computing gateway, and generate a statistical list.
From the above embodiment, the present solution has the following technical effects: according to the invention, various electric energy indexes of the electric power system can be monitored in real time, data are sent to the cloud end through the edge computing gateway, the added reactive compensation unit can implement local compensation, the situation that the power factor of the system is too low is avoided, operators can remotely control compensation or brake opening according to locally detected abnormity, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of an intelligent distribution box applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an intelligent distribution system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an edge computing gateway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reactive compensation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a novel series hybrid active filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating various operating states of an adjustable capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a be applied to low voltage distribution transformer's intelligent power distribution box, includes:
the three-phase circuit breaker is used for acquiring power grid parameters according to a preset period, judging whether the power grid parameters are in a preset range, uploading warning information to a cloud when the power grid parameters are not in the preset range, and implementing switching-off or switching compensation capacitance according to an instruction issued by the cloud, wherein the power grid parameters comprise at least one of power grid voltage, power grid current, power grid frequency, power grid power factors, temperature of a distribution box or humidity of the distribution box;
the edge computing gateway is used for communicating with the cloud terminal, performing edge computing according to the power grid parameters and uploading the edge computing result to the cloud terminal;
and the reactive compensation unit is used for providing a plurality of compensation capacitors with different capacitance values according to the control signals of the three-phase circuit breaker.
It should be understood that the three-phase circuit breaker can be based on the power grid parameter that the power grid was sampled and is obtained and carry out the analysis, when some parameter surpassed normal scope, upload alarm information to the high in the clouds makes relevant operation personnel decide whether to take operations such as switching compensation capacitance or separating brake after receiving the warning from the high in the clouds through equipment such as cell-phones. Therefore, personnel can switch the compensation capacitor or perform brake separation without using the field. And an edge computing gateway is arranged as a communication device, and relevant edge computing can be executed in the gateway, so that the pressure of a server can be relieved, and the response time of a system can also be reduced. In this embodiment, the reactive compensation unit may be utilized to perform multi-stage compensation to meet the requirements of different grid conditions.
According to the invention, various electric energy indexes of the electric power system can be monitored in real time, data are sent to the cloud end through the edge computing gateway, the added reactive compensation unit can implement local compensation, the situation that the power factor of the system is too low is avoided, operators can remotely control compensation or brake opening according to locally detected abnormity, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.
In some embodiments, the three-phase circuit breaker further comprises three single-phase circuit breakers respectively connected to the output ends of the three phases of the three-phase circuit breaker, and the single-phase circuit breaker is used for performing opening when the three-phase circuit breaker fails.
In this embodiment, three single-phase circuit breakers are respectively connected in series at the three-phase tail end of the intelligent circuit breaker, and form near backup protection with the intelligent circuit breaker, when a certain phase of disconnection or single-phase short circuit occurs in the system, the protection device close to the fault side acts first, and if the protection device fails to act, the fault is removed by the near backup protection action.
In some embodiments, the three-phase circuit breaker comprises an intelligent identification module, a data acquisition module and an adjusting device;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring signals including power grid current, power grid voltage and power grid frequency;
the intelligent identification module is used for converting the signals acquired by the data acquisition module into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the edge computing gateway;
and the adjusting device is controlled by the intelligent identification module and is used for executing the brake separating action.
The adjusting device is different from the traditional circuit breaker, the adopted electromagnetic operating mechanism only has one moving part without an intermediate conversion medium, the technologies of capacitive energy storage, permanent magnet retention, electromagnetic driving, electronic control and the like are utilized, the opening and closing characteristics are only related to coil parameters, and microsecond-level control can be realized through the microelectronic technology.
In some embodiments, the implementing of the opening according to the instruction issued by the cloud includes:
detecting current power grid current, and implementing a first switching-off mode when the power grid current is greater than a preset value; and when the grid current is smaller than a preset value, implementing a second switching mode, wherein the switching-off time of the first switching mode is smaller than the switching-off time of the second switching mode.
In this embodiment, if the collected data is not within the reference range, the intelligent gateway will send an alarm to the cloud, and after the identification is completed manually, the cloud sends a trip instruction to the gateway to make the circuit breaker act, or the intelligent identification module of the circuit breaker automatically judges the running state of the power grid, and determines the opening and closing motion characteristics of the circuit breaker according to the result of the microprocessor simulation analysis, if the power grid current is small, the circuit is opened at a low speed, and if the short-circuit current is large, the circuit is opened at a high speed, so as to obtain a better opening effect on the electrical and mechanical properties.
In some embodiments, the switching the compensation capacitor according to the command issued by the cloud includes:
after receiving a command sent by a cloud, detecting a power grid phase;
and switching a compensation capacitor at the voltage zero crossing point according to the power grid phase.
It should be understood that, by switching the compensation capacitor at the zero crossing point, the fluctuation of the power grid can be avoided, and the normal operation of the used equipment is influenced.
In some embodiments, the active filter further comprises an LC series cell, the active filter comprising: the inverter comprises a first switch, a second switch, a first capacitor and a first inductor, wherein the first switch and the second switch are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the first capacitor, the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is used as the first end of the active filter, the second end of the first capacitor is used as the second end of the active filter, the active filter is connected in series with a primary output winding of the inverter, and the LC series unit is connected between one end of a secondary output winding of the inverter and the ground.
In the above embodiments, in order to cope with the harmonics that may occur in the system, the present patent also adopts a novel hybrid series active filter. The filter is different from a traditional series-parallel active filter device, and is structurally characterized in that the active filter is connected in series as shown in fig. 6, and a group of LC power frequency resonance circuits are connected in series at the output end of an inverter of the active filter. In order to filter harmonic waves with different frequencies existing in a system, a capacitor of a resonant circuit adopts a half-bridge circuit structure, and is composed of two 2 fully-controlled semiconductor switches (such as MOSFET or IGBT) T1 and T2 which are respectively connected with 2 power diodes D1 and D2 in an inverse parallel mode, then connected with a capacitor C1 in a parallel mode and finally connected with an inductor in a series mode.
In some embodiments, the reactive compensation unit includes a plurality of groups of capacitor units connected in parallel and having different capacitance values, and each group of capacitor units is composed of a capacitor and a bidirectional thyristor. As shown in fig. 5. The sizes of the four groups of capacitors from left to right are C, 2C, 4C and 8C.
In some embodiments, the edge computing gateway further includes an encryption authorization module, where the encryption authorization module is configured to authorize and encrypt data uploaded by the edge computing gateway. By authorizing the encryption module, the security of data can be ensured, and external intrusion is avoided.
The embodiment discloses an intelligent power distribution system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer, which comprises an intelligent power distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer and a management system;
the management system is configured to: the method comprises the steps of obtaining data uploaded by an edge computing gateway, pushing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway to an APP, a public number or a WEB platform based on a query instruction, processing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway or pushing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway to obtain a result, and sending an instruction to a three-phase circuit breaker through the edge computing gateway. The management system is also used for recording alarm information uploaded by each edge computing gateway and generating a statistical list. It should be understood that this scheme has set up management system at the high in the clouds, and this management system is used for calculating the data that the block terminal was gathered to obtain the result. These results may be conclusions about whether the grid in which the electrical box is located is faulty or not, or may be statistical results of the data.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the present embodiment discloses an intelligent power distribution system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer, which includes a management system of a novel intelligent distribution box and a cloud.
The novel intelligent distribution box is divided into a main circuit area formed by a three-phase intelligent circuit breaker and three single-phase circuit breakers, a data transmission area formed by a cloud distribution edge computing intelligent gateway and a reactive compensation area formed by a graded compensation capacitor bank. Fig. 2 is the inside basic composition structure of intelligent distribution box, and three-phase intelligent circuit breaker is the regional core part of main circuit, as shown in fig. 3, compares in the more single function of traditional circuit breaker, and the intelligent short circuiter accomplishes to integrate into the intelligent control unit that intelligent recognition module, data acquisition module and these three modules of adjusting device constitute with components such as the inside air switch of traditional distribution box, earth-leakage protector, strapping table. The data acquisition module consists of various novel sensors and a digital control device and can independently acquire data such as system voltage, current, frequency and the like; the intelligent identification module is a microcomputer control system consisting of various microprocessors and is used for converting the acquired power grid information into digital signals and transmitting the digital signals to the edge computing gateway; the adjusting device of the intelligent circuit breaker is different from the traditional circuit breaker, the electromagnetic operating mechanism adopted by the adjusting device only has one moving part without an intermediate conversion medium, the opening and closing characteristics are only related to coil parameters by utilizing the technologies of capacitive energy storage, permanent magnet retention, electromagnetic driving, electronic control and the like, and microsecond-level control can be realized through a microelectronic technology. The three-phase tail end of the intelligent circuit breaker is respectively connected with three single-phase circuit breakers in series, the three single-phase circuit breakers and the intelligent circuit breakers form near backup protection of the other side, when a certain phase of disconnection or single-phase short circuit occurs in the system, the protection device close to the fault side acts, and if the protection device fails to act, the near backup protection acts to remove the fault.
The core part of the data transmission area in the distribution box is an edge computing intelligent gateway, as shown in fig. 4, the gateway performs data interaction with a control center terminal through 4G, WiFi or ethernet, various analog quantity, state quantity, cumulant and fixed value information in the distribution box are sent to the control center, and the instruction of the control center can be transmitted to each area of the distribution box through the intelligent gateway. For example: the parameters of the running state of the intelligent circuit breaker, such as gas density, the opening and closing positions of the circuit breaker and the like, are sent to the gateway by the sensor for analysis and calculation, if the circuit breaker is found to have problems, the dispatching department can receive the warning of the gateway, and therefore the circuit breaker is controlled to be locked by dispatching for maintenance. In addition, in order to meet the requirements of a power supply department, equipment information collected by the intelligent gateway can be shared to a management department or a factory by building a data cloud platform, and operation and maintenance personnel can realize remote fault diagnosis through special APP and webpages. The data forwarding supports common protocols of the power system, the data types comprise four-remote data and SOE (sequence of event) required to be forwarded by the power system, and the data forwarding supports the simultaneous forwarding of data to a plurality of superior levels by using a plurality of channels and different protocols.
As shown in fig. 5, the reactive compensation unit is composed of three sets of graded capacitors, each set of capacitors is formed by connecting 4 capacitors with different capacities in parallel, so that independent compensation, namely separate compensation, can be performed on any phase with large reactive power shortage, compensation, namely common compensation, can be performed on the whole three-phase system, a thyristor switched capacitor mode is adopted, the capacitor set plays a role in reactive compensation, and the anti-parallel thyristor enables the capacitor to be connected into a power grid or disconnected from the power grid for operation and switching of the capacitor set. Considering that the capacitor bank compensation is mainly stepped compensation, in order to improve the reactive power regulation precision of the compensation unit, a configuration mode of 1, 2, 4 and 8 is adopted, the mode has better flexibility and economy, an intelligent identification module of an intelligent circuit breaker can analyze and calculate the reactive power shortage of the current power grid to obtain the optimal scheme of capacitor switching, and by controlling the switching of capacitor banks with different capacities, the stepped compensation of 1-15(1.2.3 … … 15) can be realized, the occurrence of an overcompensation phenomenon is prevented, the power factor of the power grid is ensured to be within a normal range, and meanwhile, the capacitor configuration cost is effectively reduced.
The intelligent management system is designed to get rid of the traditional manual information processing mode, information and knowledge sharing of all departments is promoted by using an information technology and a network technology, meanwhile, a data basis is provided for operation decision making, and decision-making personnel can conveniently master actual conditions in time. All information monitored by the intelligent distribution area can be uploaded to a mobile phone APP, a WeChat public number or a WEB platform through the Internet of things, and also can be uploaded to a third party platform through a KPI (key performance indicator) interface or a protocol conversion device to manage and apply data. Through the application of the system, the complex working links in the middle of adjusting the line balance are greatly reduced, the addition of human factors is reduced, the blindness of work is avoided, the working strength is reduced, the adjustment load can be realized only by operating the system by workers, and the previous problem of great difficulty is solved, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
Meanwhile, in order to deal with harmonic waves possibly occurring in the system, the novel hybrid series active filter is adopted. The filter is different from a traditional series-parallel active filter device, and is structurally characterized in that the active filter is connected in series as shown in fig. 6, and a group of LC power frequency resonance circuits are connected in series at the output end of an inverter of the active filter. In order to filter harmonic waves with different frequencies existing in a system, a capacitor of a resonant circuit adopts a half-bridge circuit structure, and is composed of two 2 fully-controlled semiconductor switches (such as MOSFET or IGBT) T1 and T2 which are respectively connected with 2 power diodes D1 and D2 in an inverse parallel mode, then connected with a capacitor C1 in a parallel mode and finally connected with an inductor in a series mode.
This patent improves on traditional distribution box basis, and the theory of operation is as follows.
Under the normal operation condition, the data acquisition module of the intelligent circuit breaker acquires the voltage, the current, the frequency, the power factor of the power grid and the temperature, the humidity and other parameters in the distribution box once every other period through the sensor. The collected parameters are transmitted to a microprocessor of the intelligent identification module, whether the parameters are in a reference range or not is judged, meanwhile, data are uploaded to the cloud end through an intelligent gateway, and operation and maintenance personnel can check the current state of the system through a mobile phone APP or a display screen at any time.
If the collected data is not in the reference range, the intelligent gateway sends a warning to the cloud, after the identity recognition can be completed manually, a tripping instruction is sent to the gateway at the cloud to enable the circuit breaker to act, or the intelligent recognition module of the circuit breaker automatically judges the running state of the power grid, the opening and closing motion characteristics of the circuit breaker are determined according to the simulation analysis result of the microprocessor, if the normal current is small, the circuit is opened at a low speed, and if the short-circuit current is large, the circuit is opened at a high speed, so that the optimal opening effect on the electrical and mechanical properties is obtained. After tripping operation each time, the fault records stored in the cloud can be inquired, and what type of fault occurs in the distribution box is judged through data collected when the fault occurs and information collected by the fault positioning device so as to perform analysis and processing subsequently.
When any phase or multiple phases in the system have low power factor, the corresponding capacitor bank must be switched by manual operation or system automatically. Firstly, a circuit breaker data acquisition module acquires a power factor of a current system and sends the power factor to an intelligent identification module; secondly, if the intelligent identification module judges that the power factor is lower than the set threshold value, transmitting a signal of reducing the power factor to the gateway, and uploading alarm information to the control center by the gateway to inform operation and maintenance personnel; and thirdly, sending an instruction to a reactive power compensation area manually or automatically by a gateway, and after receiving the instruction, adopting a delay switching mode by a capacitor, inputting a voltage zero crossing point and cutting a current zero crossing point. The working state of the capacitor can be checked through the operation interface, and the intelligent identification module is enabled to perform optimal allocation of the capacitor bank by setting a target power factor threshold value in advance. Through the high in the clouds, the operation and maintenance personnel can also manual control reactive compensation unit, independently select A, B, C three-phase capacitor bank's switching.
The system is used for judging the fault of a power grid, and adopts the working principle that the information acquired by an intelligent circuit breaker is used as a condition, the fault area is used as decision information, corresponding decision tables are established by analyzing the conditions in different areas, the tables are input into a database to form a data source, then an improved Apriori data interactive mining algorithm is adopted to obtain a frequent item set, an association rule extraction table is obtained, finally the reliability of the rule is judged and the generated fault sample decision table is simplified, and the table is used for analyzing and comparing with the fault information uploaded by the circuit breaker, so that the fault analysis of the system is realized.
When the power distribution network encounters a large-scale emergency, the intelligent management system based on the big data cloud platform can make an optimal emergency strategy according to real-time information, after the fault characteristics are judged by the system, the transferable maximum load after a local fault is calculated, and suggestions of load shedding and load shedding are given, so that the pressure of a dispatching department is reduced, and the disconnection and collapse of the system are prevented.
In the normal operation process of the system, the intelligent management system can also adopt an active and reliable control and protection strategy and related optimization countermeasure measures by monitoring the operation state of the power grid. Such as: the management platform reduces the problem of bidirectional unbalanced load flow caused by large-scale access of distributed energy to the power distribution network by integrating the electric energy collected by the power distribution network, and meanwhile, the distribution network topology structure and the operation mode are more flexible and changeable based on the requirements of active operation and active management of the big data management platform, so that the consumption capacity of the distributed power supply is improved.
Refer to fig. 7. For higher harmonics which may appear in the system, the improved series hybrid filter in the distribution box can change the equivalent impedance of the active filter in the system by adjusting the adjustable capacitor which is connected with the output end of the active filter in series, so that the purpose of filtering different types of higher harmonics is achieved. Referring to fig. 7, the operation principle of the tunable capacitor is as follows, when Us >0, the switch T1 is turned on, and T2 is turned off, and the current flow path is as in state c of fig. 7: a → Cdc → B, the capacitor is in the charged state; when Us reaches a maximum value, the inductor current direction changes, and the current flow path is as shown in the f state of fig. 7: b → Cdc → A, the capacitor is in the discharge state; when the capacitor is completely discharged, T2 is turned on, and the current flow path is as shown in state e of fig. 7, and B → T2 → T1 → a: the capacitor is in a forward bypass; similarly, when Us <0, the reverse charge state of the capacitor is shown as d in fig. 7, and the current flow path is B → Cdc → a; the reverse discharge state is shown as the state a in fig. 7, and the current flow path is a → Cdc → B; the reverse bypass state is shown as the B state in FIG. 7, and the current flow path is A → T1 → T2 → B.
From the above embodiment, the present solution has the following technical effects: according to the invention, various electric energy indexes of the electric power system can be monitored in real time, data are sent to the cloud end through the edge computing gateway, the added reactive compensation unit can implement local compensation, the situation that the power factor of the system is too low is avoided, operators can remotely control compensation or brake opening according to locally detected abnormity, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.
This novel intelligent power distribution box compares in traditional block terminal, has following advantage.
(1) Inside has adopted three-phase intelligent circuit breaker, and it not only has various basic nature protections and detection function such as overload protection, undervoltage protection, earth leakage protection of traditional block terminal, and the current state of electric wire netting can be judged by the data acquisition module and the intelligent recognition module that various novel sensor, microprocessor constitute moreover, to each item parameter in the block terminal, such as: the voltage, the current, the frequency, the internal temperature and other key parameters of the system are monitored, the occupied area is small, and the wiring is simple. The intelligent circuit breaker adjusting device has the advantages that only one action component is provided, the operation reliability is high, the action characteristic of the opening and closing of the circuit breaker is determined through the magnitude of the monitored fault current, and the intelligent circuit breaker adjusting device is more flexible.
(2) The edge computing gateway supports various communication modes, two paths of Ethernet are provided, namely, the edge computing gateway can be connected with a public cloud or a private cloud, the self-management function of real-time data receiving and forwarding is achieved, all operation parameters of the equipment can be uploaded to the cloud in real time, the operation parameters include states of various display lamps, network states, CPUs (central processing units), memories, hard disks and the like on the equipment, and operation managers can monitor the operation state of the equipment in real time.
(3) The added reactive compensation device can meet the local compensation of reactive power shortage, and the capacitor bank adopts a stepped parallel connection mode, so that graded compensation can be realized.
(4) The core of the control center is an intelligent management system based on big data storage, collection and retrieval, data are transmitted to a gateway, the gateway is transmitted to the intelligent management system, the intelligent management system provides different protection and early warning schemes according to user data, and sends a work order to a maintainer, when a fault alarm occurs, various parameters of a terminal can be recorded, the reason of fault generation is intelligently analyzed, and a maintenance suggestion is given, the scheme of a self-healing system is provided, the control center can automatically switch on and backup a standby power supply, the complex working links in the middle of adjusting line balance are greatly reduced, the blindness of work is avoided, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
(5) The topological structure different from the traditional series hybrid active filter is adopted, a group of series LC circuits is additionally arranged at the output end of an inverter of the active filter, and the change of the capacitance characteristic can be realized by adjusting the charging and discharging of a capacitor, so that the equivalent impedance of the active filter in a system is changed, and different higher harmonics in the system are filtered.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to low voltage distribution transformer's intelligent power distribution box which characterized in that includes:
the three-phase circuit breaker is used for acquiring power grid parameters according to a preset period, judging whether the power grid parameters are in a preset range, uploading warning information to a cloud when the power grid parameters are not in the preset range, and implementing switching-off or switching compensation capacitance according to an instruction issued by the cloud, wherein the power grid parameters comprise at least one of power grid voltage, power grid current, power grid frequency, power grid power factors, temperature of a distribution box or humidity of the distribution box;
the edge computing gateway is used for communicating with the cloud terminal, performing edge computing according to the power grid parameters and uploading the edge computing result to the cloud terminal;
and the reactive compensation unit is used for providing a plurality of compensation capacitors with different capacitance values according to the control signals of the three-phase circuit breaker.
2. The intelligent distribution box applied to low-voltage distribution transformers according to claim 1, further comprising three single-phase circuit breakers respectively connected to the output ends of the three phases of the three-phase circuit breakers, wherein the single-phase circuit breakers are used for performing opening when the three-phase circuit breakers are in fault.
3. The intelligent distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer of claim 1, wherein the three-phase circuit breaker comprises an intelligent identification module, a data acquisition module and a regulating device;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring signals including power grid current, power grid voltage and power grid frequency;
the intelligent identification module is used for converting the signals acquired by the data acquisition module into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the edge computing gateway;
and the adjusting device is controlled by the intelligent identification module and is used for executing the brake separating action.
4. The intelligent distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer according to claim 1, wherein the switching-off is implemented according to an instruction issued by a cloud, and the switching-off comprises:
detecting current power grid current, and implementing a first switching-off mode when the power grid current is greater than a preset value; and when the grid current is smaller than a preset value, implementing a second switching mode, wherein the switching-off time of the first switching mode is smaller than the switching-off time of the second switching mode.
5. The intelligent distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer according to claim 1, wherein the compensation capacitor is switched according to an instruction issued by a cloud, specifically:
after receiving a command sent by a cloud, detecting a power grid phase;
and switching a compensation capacitor at the voltage zero crossing point according to the power grid phase.
6. The intelligent power distribution box applied to low-voltage distribution transformers according to claim 1, further comprising an active filter and an LC series unit, wherein the active filter comprises: the inverter comprises a first switch, a second switch, a first capacitor and a first inductor, wherein the first switch and the second switch are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the first capacitor, the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is used as the first end of the active filter, the second end of the first capacitor is used as the second end of the active filter, the active filter is connected in series with a primary output winding of the inverter, and the LC series unit is connected between one end of a secondary output winding of the inverter and the ground.
7. The intelligent distribution box applied to low-voltage distribution transformers according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactive compensation unit comprises a plurality of groups of capacitor units which are connected in parallel and have different capacitance values, and each group of capacitor units is composed of a capacitor and a bidirectional thyristor.
8. The intelligent distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer according to claim 1, wherein the edge computing gateway further comprises a cryptographic authorization module, and the cryptographic authorization module is used for authorizing and encrypting data uploaded by the edge computing gateway.
9. An intelligent distribution system applied to a low-voltage distribution transformer, which is characterized by comprising the intelligent distribution box applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer and a management system, wherein the intelligent distribution box is as claimed in claim 1;
the management system is configured to: the method comprises the steps of obtaining data uploaded by an edge computing gateway, pushing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway to an APP, a public number or a WEB platform based on a query instruction, processing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway or pushing the data uploaded by the edge computing gateway to obtain a result, and sending an instruction to a three-phase circuit breaker through the edge computing gateway.
10. The intelligent power distribution system applied to the low-voltage distribution transformer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the management system is further configured to record alarm information uploaded by each edge computing gateway and generate a statistical list.
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