CN112329291B - Thermosetting coupling field calculation method of reflector antenna - Google Patents
Thermosetting coupling field calculation method of reflector antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112329291B CN112329291B CN202011170296.3A CN202011170296A CN112329291B CN 112329291 B CN112329291 B CN 112329291B CN 202011170296 A CN202011170296 A CN 202011170296A CN 112329291 B CN112329291 B CN 112329291B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermosetting coupling field calculation method of a reflector antenna, relates to the technical field of reflector antenna analysis, and aims to provide a calculation method with high precision, simplicity and convenience and strong practicability. The calculation method mainly comprises the following processes: establishing an antenna finite element model in FEA software, determining the maximum physical size, and calculating the temperature gradient distribution in three directions; applying the temperature gradient distribution to a finite element model, giving material characteristic parameters, establishing an analysis working condition, and obtaining a solid field result of the reflector antenna through statics solution; and performing optimal matching processing on the reflection surface deformation data to obtain the surface precision of three temperature gradients, and finally performing precision synthesis to obtain the total surface precision of the antenna. The invention effectively integrates the thermal and solid field analysis, and is particularly suitable for the design, index budget and check of various reflector antennas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reflector antenna analysis, in particular to a thermosetting coupling field calculation method for a reflector antenna, which can be used for the coupling calculation of a temperature field and a solid field of a single reflector antenna or a double reflector antenna, and is particularly suitable for index budget and performance analysis of the reflector antenna.
Background
The reflector antenna has strong directivity and is widely used in the fields of communication, measurement and control and radio astronomy. In the design and demonstration process of the reflector antenna, particularly the reflector antenna working in a high-frequency band, various technical indexes of the reflector antenna need to be accurately predicted, wherein the most important is the influence of temperature on the surface precision of the antenna and the comprehensive electrical performance of the antenna.
The antenna mainly bears the loads of gravity, wind power, temperature and the like in the operation process, and the analysis of the gravity load can be better solved because only the calculation of a solid field is involved; the problem of coupling the thermal field and the solid field is involved in the analysis of the temperature load, and the problem is not solved well all the time, because: firstly, temperature load acts on the antenna, and influence factors such as the position of the sun, the altitude of an antenna site, materials used by the antenna, surface coating of the antenna, wind power around the antenna, the attitude of the antenna and the like are very many; secondly, the temperature load borne by the antenna is difficult to calculate theoretically, and the solution of a continuity partial differential equation and an energy partial differential equation under given conditions becomes very difficult; and the thermal force field and the solid field belong to two professional fields and are not well unified.
With the new requirements of modern astronomical observation, the reflector antenna develops towards the direction of large caliber, high precision and high frequency band. This requires engineers to accurately estimate the antenna's target in the design stage, and analysis of the thermosetting coupling field will directly affect the key performance of the antenna, mainly relating to the surface accuracy, efficiency, pattern, etc. of the antenna. In addition, the temperature gradient distribution of the reflector antenna is also a problem in the design process.
In conventional hot set coupling calculations, engineers tend to perform a rough analysis based on a few antenna examples given in existing textbooks or literature. The method is only a few preliminary performance estimations, for a large-scale high-precision reflector antenna, the method causes a calculation result error to be very large, the thermosetting coupling problem cannot be truly reflected, and the following defects exist:
(1) the data given are only actual measurements of individual antennas and are not universal. There is a lack of referenceable values for reflector antennas of different calibers, different types, different geographical locations, different materials that occur in the project.
(2) The numerical simulation analysis given by the existing literature is too tedious, especially, a large amount of simplification is performed on a model for reducing the calculation amount, and many assumptions are made on the aspects of conduction, radiation, convection and the like in the thermal analysis process, so that the reliability of the calculation result is reduced.
(3) Some documents mention the use of a temperature sensor to measure the antenna temperature, but this method is not operable in the design demonstration stage.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107391786A discloses a computer simulation method of a temperature field in a refrigerated transport vehicle carriage; chinese patent publication No. CN104794277A discloses a simulation method of a heat generation and transfer model of a rubber block; chinese patent publication No. CN104899379A discloses a finite element calculation method for a temperature field of a power cable; chinese patent publication No. CN107391786A discloses a satellite temperature field assignment method based on measured data. Although the above four methods can solve the analysis and calculation of a single thermal field or temperature field, the following disadvantages exist for the coupling calculation of the thermal field and the solid field of the reflector antenna:
(1) only a single field analysis. The methods only provide a method for performing single-field analysis on the thermal force field, and do not relate to the coupling relation between the two fields.
(2) The temperature field needs to be analyzed by modeling. Due to the uncertainty in the modeling process and the influence of factors such as environment, the error of the calculation result is increased.
(3) The method for determining the temperature field through the measured data is not suitable for the design and development stage of engineering.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104217061A discloses a simulation design method for a temperature field of a power distribution cabinet; chinese patent publication No. CN106557598A discloses a coupling analysis method for a pneumatic fuel temperature field of an aircraft; chinese patent publication No. CN110378005A discloses a modeling method for thermal characteristic analysis of a machine tool body. Although the above methods achieve a certain degree of coupling field analysis in respective fields, the following disadvantages exist for the calculation of the thermosetting coupling field of the reflector antenna:
(1) no relation between temperature gradient and structure size is given. The temperature field distribution of the reflector antenna is closely related to the external dimension, and the numerical relation between the temperature gradient and the structural dimension is not involved in the methods.
(2) The methods all adopt the existing software flow. The reflecting surface antenna has complex structure and running environment, so that the existing flow of software is limited in use.
(3) The application backgrounds of the methods and the reflector antenna belong to different fields, and the methods and the processes cannot meet the performance analysis of the reflector antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for calculating a thermosetting coupling field of a reflector antenna, which uses a modern numerical calculation means, and by determining the maximum physical size of the antenna, provides temperature gradient distribution in different directions, performs effective parameter setting and establishes analysis conditions, and then performs analysis and synthesis of surface precision, thereby realizing coupling of the reflector antenna from a thermal field to a solid field. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of high precision, short period and simple and convenient data processing, and is particularly suitable for the design, index budget and check of various reflector antennas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for calculating a thermosetting coupling field of a reflector antenna comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the working elevation angle of the reflector antenna;
(2) establishing an antenna finite element model in FEA (finite element analysis) software;
(3) establishing a proper coordinate system OXYZ by the finite element model in the step (2);
(4) determining the maximum physical sizes of the finite element model in the step (2) in three directions under the coordinate system OXYZ, and respectively recording the maximum physical sizes as L, W and H;
(5) giving the temperature difference values in the three maximum physical dimension directions determined in the step (4), which are respectively marked as TL、TWAnd TH；
(6) The temperature gradient distribution in three directions is calculated, respectively, as follows:
in the three formulae, GLIs the temperature gradient distribution in the L direction; gWIs the temperature gradient distribution in the W direction; gHIs the temperature gradient distribution in the direction H.
(7) Applying the three temperature gradient distributions obtained in the step (6) to the finite element model in the step (2);
(8) setting boundary conditions for the finite element mode in the step (2), giving material characteristic parameters, and respectively establishing analysis working conditions of three temperature gradients;
(9) solving the finite element model in FEA software to obtain a solid field result of the reflector antenna;
(10) according to the solid field result obtained in the step (9), reflecting surface deformation data of three analysis working conditions are derived;
(11) performing optimal matching processing on the reflection surface deformation data to obtain the antenna surface accuracies of three temperature gradients, which are respectively recorded as sigmaL、σWAnd σH；
(12) Synthesizing the surface precision of the antenna obtained in the step (11), wherein the surface precision is as follows:
in the formula, sigma is the total surface precision of the antenna;
(13) repeating the steps (1) to (12) to obtain the calculation results of the thermosetting coupling fields of the reflector antenna at different working elevation angles and different temperature gradients.
Specifically, the antenna finite element model in the step (2) at least comprises an antenna back frame and a seat frame.
Specifically, the maximum physical size unit in step (4) is consistent with the finite element model unit in step (2).
Specifically, the material characteristic parameters in the step (8) include linear expansion coefficients, and the analysis working conditions are three temperature gradient distributions.
Specifically, the finite element model in the step (9) is solved, a statics analysis is adopted, and the solid field result includes displacement and stress information.
Specifically, the reflection surface deformation data in the step (10) is a vector result, and includes X, Y and components in the Z direction.
Compared with the background art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) and joint calculation of the thermal force field and the solid field is realized. A method for analyzing the thermosetting coupling field of the reflector antenna is provided, the conversion from a thermal force field to a solid field is realized, a temperature gradient distribution method of the antenna in the thermal force field is determined, and the results of displacement, stress, surface precision and the like generated by the reflector antenna in the thermal force field are accurately obtained.
(2) Supplementing the data deficiencies in textbooks and existing literature. Data given in textbooks and existing documents are antenna temperature values of a limited number of apertures, and cannot meet engineering design requirements, and the temperature values do not reflect gradient distribution. The calculation method provided by the invention is suitable for the reflector antenna with any caliber, and particularly can meet the analysis requirement when the antenna changes the posture.
(3) The method has universality. The traditional calculation method is only used for the circularly symmetric reflector antenna, and for other types of antennas, such as offset reflector antennas and antennas with special-shaped calibers, the traditional calculation method cannot solve the problem. The method provided by the invention is not only suitable for the circularly symmetric reflector antenna, but also suitable for offset antennas and other antennas with special-shaped calibers.
(4) The coupling method has strong operability. The invention provides detailed steps of temperature gradient distribution, antenna surface precision synthesis and the like, and has the characteristic of strong operability. The defects that only some partial differential equations are listed in the background technology and the complicated engineering problem cannot be solved are overcome.
(5) Saving cost and improving efficiency. The method adopted in the background technology is an actual measurement method, and has high experimental cost, long period and complex data processing. The invention is a numerical calculation method, which can effectively save cost and reduce cycle, and the data processing is simple and convenient.
In a word, the method has the advantages of ingenious conception, clear thought and easy realization, solves the problems of inaccurate calculation and lack of measured data of the thermosetting coupling field of the traditional reflector antenna, effectively saves the cost and reduces the design period, and is an important improvement on the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system of the circularly symmetric reflector antenna in step 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system of the offset reflector antenna in step 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature gradient distribution of the circularly symmetric reflector antenna in step 7 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature gradient distribution of the offset reflector antenna in step 7 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a solid field calculation result of the circularly symmetric reflector antenna in step 9 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the solid field calculation result of the offset reflector antenna in step 9 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows the calculation result of the surface accuracy of the antenna at different working elevation angles in step 13 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The embodiment takes a circularly symmetric dual reflector antenna and an offset dual reflector antenna as examples, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the operating elevation angle of the reflector antenna is determined.
The working elevation angle of the antenna in the embodiment is 5-90 degrees.
(2) And establishing an antenna finite element model in FEA software.
FEA software may employ, for example: ansys, Patran, HyperMesh, etc.
(3) The finite element model in step (2) establishes a suitable coordinate system, OXYZ.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system of a circularly symmetric reflector antenna in an embodiment; fig. 3 is a schematic coordinate system diagram of an offset reflector antenna in an embodiment.
(4) Determining the maximum physical sizes of the finite element model in the step (2) in three directions under the coordinate system OXYZ, which are respectively recorded as L, W and H.
(5) Giving the temperature difference values in the three maximum physical dimension directions determined in the step (4), which are respectively marked as TL、TWAnd TH。
(6) The temperature gradient distribution in three directions is calculated, respectively, as follows:
in the three formulae, GLIs the temperature gradient distribution in the L direction; gWIs the temperature gradient distribution in the W direction; gHIs the temperature gradient distribution in the H direction.
(7) And (3) applying the three temperature gradient distributions obtained in the step (6) to the finite element model in the step (2).
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a temperature gradient distribution of a circularly symmetric reflector antenna in an embodiment; fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature gradient distribution of the offset reflector antenna in the embodiment.
(8) Setting boundary conditions for the finite element mode in the step (2), giving material characteristic parameters, and respectively establishing analysis working conditions of three temperature gradients.
(9) And solving the finite element model in FEA software to obtain a solid field result of the reflector antenna.
FIG. 6 is a solid field calculation result of the circularly symmetric reflector antenna in the embodiment; fig. 7 is a solid field calculation result of the offset reflector antenna in the embodiment.
(10) And (4) deriving reflecting surface deformation data of three analysis working conditions according to the solid field result obtained in the step (9).
(11) Performing optimal matching processing on the reflection surface deformation data to obtain the antenna surface accuracies of three temperature gradients, which are respectively recorded as sigmaL、σWAnd σH。
(12) Synthesizing the surface precision of the antenna obtained in the step (11), wherein the surface precision is as follows:
where σ is the total surface accuracy of the antenna.
(13) Repeating the steps (1) to (12) to obtain the calculation results of the thermosetting coupling fields of the reflector antenna at different working elevation angles and different temperature gradients.
Fig. 8 is the calculation result of the surface accuracy of the antenna in the embodiment at different working elevation angles.
In this embodiment, the antenna finite element model comprises at least an antenna back frame and a mount.
In this embodiment, the maximum physical size unit in step (4) coincides with the finite element model unit in step (2).
In the embodiment, the material characteristic parameters in step (8) include linear expansion coefficients, and the analysis condition is three temperature gradient distributions.
In this embodiment, the finite element model in step (9) is solved, and the solid field result includes displacement and stress information by using static analysis.
In the present embodiment, the reflection surface deformation data in step (10) is a vector result, and includes X, Y and components in the Z direction.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for calculating a thermosetting coupling field of a reflector antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the working elevation angle of the reflector antenna;
(2) establishing an antenna finite element model in finite element analysis software;
(3) establishing a coordinate system OXYZ for the finite element model in the step (2);
(4) determining the maximum physical dimensions of the finite element model in the step (2) in three directions under the coordinate system OXYZ, and respectively recording the maximum physical dimensions as L, W and H;
(5) given the temperature differences in the three maximum physical dimensions determined in step (4), respectively denoted as TL、TWAnd TH；
(6) The temperature gradient distribution in three directions was calculated respectively:
in the three formulae, GLIs the temperature gradient distribution in the L direction;GWis the temperature gradient distribution in the W direction; gHIs the temperature gradient distribution in the H direction;
(7) applying the three temperature gradient distributions obtained in the step (6) to the finite element model in the step (2);
(8) setting boundary conditions for the finite element mode in the step (2), giving material characteristic parameters, and respectively establishing analysis working conditions of three temperature gradients;
(9) solving the finite element model in finite element analysis software to obtain a solid field result of the reflector antenna;
(10) according to the solid field result obtained in the step (9), reflecting surface deformation data of three analysis working conditions are derived;
(11) performing optimal matching processing on the reflection surface deformation data to obtain the antenna surface accuracies of three temperature gradients, which are respectively recorded as sigmaL、σWAnd σH；
(12) Synthesizing the antenna surface precision obtained in the step (11):
in the formula, sigma is the total surface precision of the antenna;
(13) and (4) repeating the steps (1) to (12) to obtain the calculation results of the thermosetting coupling fields of the reflector antenna at different working elevation angles and different temperature gradients.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the finite element model of the antenna in step (2) comprises at least an antenna back frame and a mounting frame.
3. The method for calculating the thermosetting coupling field of a reflector antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maximum physical size unit in the step (4) is consistent with the finite element model unit in the step (2).
4. The method for calculating the thermosetting coupling field of the reflector antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material characteristic parameters in the step (8) include linear expansion coefficients, and the analysis condition is three temperature gradient distributions.
5. The method for calculating the thermosetting coupling field of the reflector antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (9), a finite element model is solved by static analysis, and the solid field result comprises displacement and stress information.
6. The method for calculating a thermosetting coupling field of a reflector antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflector deformation data in step (10) is a vector comprising X, Y components and components in the Z direction.
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