CN112327365A - Complex fault block structure modeling method - Google Patents
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- CN112327365A CN112327365A CN202011231101.1A CN202011231101A CN112327365A CN 112327365 A CN112327365 A CN 112327365A CN 202011231101 A CN202011231101 A CN 202011231101A CN 112327365 A CN112327365 A CN 112327365A
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of exploration and development of a fault block oil-gas field, in particular to a complex fault block structure modeling method. The method comprises the steps of establishing a speed model and time-depth conversion, and finely depicting fault with complex occurrence and form; determining the intersection and truncation relationship between two adjacent fault layers; processing the intersection relation between the fault and the bedding surface in the fault dense area; processing the intersection relation between the reverse fault and the layer; finely adjusting the well-seismic combination structure horizon; processing the intersection relation of the complex fault; carrying out superposition reversal processing; establishing an oil layer group level construction model; establishing a unit-level construction model; carrying out consistent processing on the upper inheritance relation and the lower inheritance relation; and respectively establishing unit-level construction models according to the oil layer groups, and establishing an overall construction model by using simulation results of the unit-level construction models as constraint conditions. The modeling method provided by the invention utilizes the accurate positions of the well control fault and the structure and utilizes the earthquake to determine the structure form and the trend; reasonably coordinating the relationship among wells, faults and structural layers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of exploration and development of a fault block oil-gas field, in particular to a complex fault block structure modeling method.
Background
Along with the development of oil and gas fields, more and more fault block oil and gas reservoirs with complex structures become important research points, and the complex geological conditions bring great difficulty to the development of the oil and gas fields. Meanwhile, when the oil field enters the high and ultrahigh water-cut period, the water content rises quickly, the yield drops quickly, and the three-dimensional geological modeling of the reservoir becomes important work for oil field development. The conventional three-dimensional structure modeling adopts a corner grid modeling method and can only be applied to fault blocks or fault-free blocks with simple structure characteristics. For the fault blocks with complex structures, the method cannot establish matched three-dimensional structure models.
Therefore, three-dimensional structure modeling of the fault block hydrocarbon reservoir with complex structure characteristics must be carried out, so that a solid foundation can be laid for reservoir three-dimensional geological modeling, and the problems of complex fault block hydrocarbon reservoir development and residual oil prediction are solved better. The three-dimensional structure modeling is based on structure geology as a theoretical basis, applies technologies such as seismic interpretation technology, stratigraphic division and comparison and the like, uses logging and seismic data, and uses three-dimensional geological modeling software as a carrier to establish a structure model so as to accurately represent the structural characteristics of a reservoir stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a complex broken block structure modeling method, which overcomes the defect that a three-dimensional structure modeling method in the prior art is only suitable for a broken block with simple structure characteristics or a geological structure form without broken block development and cannot meet the requirement of accurate representation of the broken block with the complex structure.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a complex fault block structure modeling method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a velocity model and performing time-depth conversion, wherein the establishing of the velocity model and the time-depth conversion of the research area are completed by utilizing the synthetic seismic record and combining the seismic interpretation result and the logging hierarchical data;
step S2, finely depicting the fault of the complex occurrence and form;
step S3, determining the intersection and truncation relationship between two adjacent faults;
s4, processing the intersection relation between the fault and the bedding surface in the fault dense area to obtain the optimal filtering attribute of the bedding surface;
step S5, processing the no-well area or the well pattern control-disabled area and the small fault;
s6, processing the intersection relation of the reverse fault and the bedding surface, including generating a section according to the constraint of the seismic horizon conditions of the well layering and the segmentation block;
s7, finely adjusting the well-seismic combination structure horizon by using seismic interpretation results, well stratification data and fault polygon information and combining with a deposition rule;
step S8, the processing of the complex fault intersection relationship includes:
when the fault is positioned at two faults with opposite corresponding tendencies and X-shaped planes, a processing mode of using two shared broken rods is adopted;
when the fault loss lengths of the corresponding faults are different from top to bottom, splitting the faults according to the occurrence states, and setting participation forms of different faults at different positions during construction simulation;
step S9, correcting the grid deformity by reasonably defining the fault direction, trend line and grid number, and performing superposition reversal processing;
step S10, according to the well control fault and the structure position, using earthquake to determine the structure form and trend, and building an oil layer group level structure model controlled by a standard layer;
s11, under the constraint of the oil reservoir group level construction model, establishing a unit level construction model by taking the logging hierarchical data and the interlayer thickness as constraint conditions;
step S12, according to the proportion of the adjusted well data constraint weight and the seismic trend constraint weight, carrying out consistent processing on the upper and lower inheritance relationships;
and step S13, respectively establishing unit-level construction models according to the oil layer groups, and establishing an overall construction model by using simulation results of the unit-level construction models as constraint conditions.
Preferably, the step S4 specifically includes: setting fault layer distances of different fault discs according to fault distribution data and different fault block layer position fluctuation data; and setting different filtering distances according to the structural characteristics at different positions of the fault by using the seismic data to obtain the optimal horizon filtering attribute.
Preferably, the step S5 specifically includes: and for the area which can not be controlled by the well pattern, setting a virtual well and the corresponding layering points for constraint interpolation according to the trend formed by the seismic interpretation bedding and the well layering points.
(III) advantageous effects
The complex fault block structure modeling method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the well logging and the earthquake are combined, the modeling idea of 'well position and earthquake control shape' is adopted, the accurate position of a well control fault and structure is utilized, and the structure shape and trend are determined by the earthquake.
(2) The plane, the section and the three-dimensional are combined, the spatial contradictions of points (well points), lines (fault polygons, broken rods and the like), faces (seismic interpretation bedding planes, interlayer thickness faces and the like) and bodies (seismic data bodies and the like) are solved from the plane, the section and the three-dimensional multi-angle, and the relationship among the well, the fault and the structural bedding planes is reasonably coordinated.
(3) The framework modeling is combined with the angular point grid modeling, the framework modeling is favorable for processing the fault and layer intersection relation of the complex structure, and the angular point grid modeling is favorable for being connected with the reservoir modeling and the digifax.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a complex fault block structure modeling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a complex fault block structure modeling method, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1, establishing a velocity model and performing time-depth conversion, wherein the establishing of the velocity model and the time-depth conversion of the research area are completed by utilizing the synthetic seismic record and combining the seismic interpretation result and the logging hierarchical data; in the step, the method also comprises the input of well-to-seismic, earthquake and logging results. Here the input result contains two domains of time and depth.
Step S2, finely depicting the fault of the complex occurrence and form;
in conventional modeling, the fault pinch-out boundary profile is characterized as a convex polygon.
However, the sharp-off boundary profile of the fault in a complex occurrence state and a shape is mostly an irregular concave polygon, and the intersection relationship between fault layers and fault layers is complex. The intersection closed lines (geologically called fault polygons) of the fault and the layer are continuously changed from top to bottom, and the same fault is structurally split into a plurality of fault polygons at different layers, so that the structural description becomes complicated.
Step S3, determining the intersection and truncation relationship between two adjacent faults;
s4, processing the intersection relation between the fault and the bedding surface in the fault dense area to obtain the optimal filtering attribute of the bedding surface;
the fault distance refers to a distance range that does not participate in the calculation when modeling. The fault interval of the fault dense region is set by referring to the size of the fault block, and the mutual influence of the fault intervals of different faults is considered. However, the same disc of the same fault can only be provided with one fault interval, and the fault with a complex shape (a plurality of fault intervals) cannot be accurately drawn.
The step S4 specifically includes: setting fault layer distances of different fault discs according to fault distribution data and different fault block layer position fluctuation data; and setting different filtering distances according to the structural characteristics at different positions of the fault by using the seismic data to obtain the optimal horizon filtering attribute.
Step S5, processing the no-well area or the well pattern control-disabled area and the small fault;
the step S5 specifically includes: and for the area which can not be controlled by the well pattern, setting a virtual well and the corresponding layering points for constraint interpolation according to the trend formed by the seismic interpretation bedding and the well layering points.
S6, processing the intersection relation of the reverse fault and the bedding surface, including generating a section according to the constraint of the seismic horizon conditions of the well layering and the segmentation block;
s7, finely adjusting the well-seismic combination structure horizon by using seismic interpretation results, well stratification data and fault polygon information and combining with a deposition rule;
step S8, the processing of the complex fault intersection relationship includes:
when the fault is positioned at two faults with opposite corresponding tendencies and X-shaped planes, a processing mode of using two shared broken rods is adopted;
when the fault loss lengths of the corresponding faults are different from top to bottom, splitting the faults according to the occurrence states, and setting participation forms of different faults at different positions during construction simulation;
step S9, correcting the grid deformity by reasonably defining the fault direction, trend line and grid number, and performing superposition reversal processing;
step S10, according to the well control fault and the structure position, using earthquake to determine the structure form and trend, and building an oil layer group level structure model controlled by a standard layer;
s11, under the constraint of the oil reservoir group level construction model, establishing a unit level construction model by taking the logging hierarchical data and the interlayer thickness as constraint conditions;
step S12, according to the proportion of the adjusted well data constraint weight and the seismic trend constraint weight, carrying out consistent processing on the upper and lower inheritance relationships;
and step S13, respectively establishing unit-level construction models according to the oil layer groups, and establishing an overall construction model by using simulation results of the unit-level construction models as constraint conditions.
The complex fault block in the embodiment has the following characteristics:
(1) the structure is quite complicated: the number of faults is large, the distribution is concentrated, the occurrence and the shape are complex, the plane cutting is serious, and the vertical cross cutting is complex;
(2) imperfect modeling data: the well-to-seismic matching consistency is poor, the number of contradictions is large, regional cluster characteristics of layered data are obvious, the horizontal and vertical distribution is not uniform, and the difference between the layered height and the thickness of adjacent wells is large;
(3) the existing conventional three-dimensional structure modeling method, namely the corner grid modeling method, has the limitations that: only using the angular point grid for modeling, the grid quality of the generated complex broken block construction model is poor, and the integral modeling of the complex broken block cannot be realized.
The complex fault block structure modeling method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following characteristics:
1) because the framework modeling adopts triangular meshes (tetrahedrons), the occurrence and the form of complex faults can be expressed, and the fault intersection relation is established through surface-surface truncation. The method is favorable for processing the fault and the layer intersection relation of the complex structure and the recognition of the overall structure form.
2) The grid of the angular point is hexahedral in three dimensions, the construction modeling of the complex fault block is completed only by using the grid, the grid is easy to superpose and reverse, the built model is easy to generate negative grid, the complex fault intersection relation cannot be correctly processed, and the grid framework is difficult to build. But it facilitates the coupling to reservoir modeling, numerical simulation. Therefore, the method combines framework modeling and corner grid modeling to construct modeling;
3) the modeling idea of 'well position and seismic control form' is adopted, the accurate positions of the fault and the structure are controlled by the well, the structure form and the trend are determined by the earthquake, the fault occurrence and form can be accurately depicted, the well seismic contradiction can be effectively eliminated, the space-variant velocity is ensured not to penetrate the layer, and the upper and lower inheritance relations of the seismic interpretation layer are ensured;
4) the method solves the space contradiction of points (well points), lines (fault polygons, fault bars and the like), surfaces (seismic interpretation bedding planes, interlayer thickness surfaces and the like) and bodies (seismic data bodies and the like) from planes, sections and three-dimensional multi-angles, checks the errors of logging and seismic data, reasonably coordinates the relation among wells, faults and structural bedding planes, and finally completes the structural modeling of fault blocks with complex structural characteristics.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A complex fault block structure modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a velocity model and performing time-depth conversion, wherein the establishing of the velocity model and the time-depth conversion of the research area are completed by utilizing the synthetic seismic record and combining the seismic interpretation result and the logging hierarchical data;
step S2, finely depicting the fault of the complex occurrence and form;
step S3, determining the intersection and truncation relationship between two adjacent faults;
s4, processing the intersection relation between the fault and the bedding surface in the fault dense area to obtain the optimal filtering attribute of the bedding surface;
step S5, processing the no-well area or the well pattern control-disabled area and the small fault;
s6, processing the intersection relation of the reverse fault and the bedding surface, including generating a section according to the constraint of the seismic horizon conditions of the well layering and the segmentation block;
s7, finely adjusting the well-seismic combination structure horizon by using seismic interpretation results, well stratification data and fault polygon information and combining with a deposition rule;
step S8, the processing of the complex fault intersection relationship includes:
when the fault is positioned at two faults with opposite corresponding tendencies and X-shaped planes, a processing mode of using two shared broken rods is adopted;
when the fault loss lengths of the corresponding faults are different from top to bottom, splitting the faults according to the occurrence states, and setting participation forms of different faults at different positions during construction simulation;
step S9, correcting the grid deformity by reasonably defining the fault direction, trend line and grid number, and performing superposition reversal processing;
step S10, according to the well control fault and the structure position, using earthquake to determine the structure form and trend, and building an oil layer group level structure model controlled by a standard layer;
s11, under the constraint of the oil reservoir group level construction model, establishing a unit level construction model by taking the logging hierarchical data and the interlayer thickness as constraint conditions;
step S12, according to the proportion of the adjusted well data constraint weight and the seismic trend constraint weight, carrying out consistent processing on the upper and lower inheritance relationships;
and step S13, respectively establishing unit-level construction models according to the oil layer groups, and establishing an overall construction model by using simulation results of the unit-level construction models as constraint conditions.
2. The complex fault block structure modeling method of claim 1, wherein the step S4 specifically includes: setting fault layer distances of different fault discs according to fault distribution data and different fault block layer position fluctuation data; and setting different filtering distances according to the structural characteristics at different positions of the fault by using the seismic data to obtain the optimal horizon filtering attribute.
3. The complex fault block structure modeling method of claim 1, wherein the step S5 specifically includes: and for the area which can not be controlled by the well pattern, setting a virtual well and the corresponding layering points for constraint interpolation according to the trend formed by the seismic interpretation bedding and the well layering points.
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