CN112327346A - Plume plasma neutral particle measuring device - Google Patents
Plume plasma neutral particle measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112327346A CN112327346A CN202011205050.5A CN202011205050A CN112327346A CN 112327346 A CN112327346 A CN 112327346A CN 202011205050 A CN202011205050 A CN 202011205050A CN 112327346 A CN112327346 A CN 112327346A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000014633 Retinitis punctata albescens Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T5/00—Recording of movements or tracks of particles; Processing or analysis of such tracks
Abstract
The invention provides a measuring device for neutral particles in plume plasma, which is used for diagnosing neutral particles in vacuum plume of an electric thruster and comprises an ion collecting component, an ionization chamber, a rail and a probe component, wherein the ion collecting component, the ionization chamber, the rail and the probe component are sequentially connected end to end; the track is internally provided with a track electrode, the track electrode can be applied with voltage, the charged particles move along the track in an electric field to the track outlet, and the probe assembly is used for detecting the charged particles. The measuring device adopts a modular assembly mode, has simple assembly steps, and overcomes the defects of the existing optical diagnosis mode and probe assembly mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plasma scientific parameter measurement, in particular to a plume plasma neutral particle measuring device.
Background
The electric thrusters such as the ion thruster and the Hall thruster are widely applied to attitude and orbit control of the spacecraft due to the advantages of high specific impulse, long service life, small system quality and the like. The accurate acquisition of the vacuum plume parameters of the electric thruster is crucial to the evaluation of the performances of the electric thruster and the spacecraft.
The vacuum plume of the electric thruster is plasma, the electron temperature and the electron number density are basic parameters of a plasma plume flow field, and the acquisition of the electron temperature and the electron number density is an important precondition for researching the plasma properties. Electron temperature and electron number density of the isoelectric-propulsion vacuum plume flow field are typically diagnosed using a langmuir probe.
The existing optical diagnosis mode and probe mode have several outstanding problems:
firstly, in the existing optical diagnosis mode, trace particles are often required to be added, but the trace particles have certain influence on the plume flow field environment and the working state of the thruster. And the following flow property of the tracer particles has a great difference from the real electrons, and the tracer particles cannot be used for measuring neutral particles in a thruster chamber, and the motion trail and the motion speed of the neutral particles in the thruster chamber are directly related to the ionization efficiency and the particle transport, so that a means for diagnosing the neutral particle speed based on a non-optical mode is very necessary to be developed.
Meanwhile, the optical lens is often positioned outside the cabin and is affected by film coating, light reflection and the like of the observation window glass of the cabin wall, so that the condition of inaccurate measurement or undetected measurement occurs. And the use of the lens in the cabin is difficult to debug, so that the experiment is inconvenient.
Second, conventional plume non-optical diagnostic means mainly include contact probes based on charged particles, such as langmuir probes and faraday probes. Langmuir probes are a method of inserting a length of wire into a plume plasma, and applying a voltage to the wire to attract charged particles therein to form a probe current, thereby obtaining parameters of the plume plasma. Faraday probe principle is about the same as langmuir probe, neither of them is able to achieve diagnosis of non-charged particles in the plume.
Thirdly, the existing diagnostic means, which aims to realize the particle velocity measurement, often has a large equipment size and cannot be well adapted to the experimental practice of a thrust chamber and a subminiature vacuum chamber, so that it is necessary to reduce the probe size as much as possible and use a flat surface.
Fourthly, the existing RPA diagnosis mode can realize speed measurement, but needs a strong magnetic field, has serious interference on the magnetic environment in the thrust chamber, and can influence the ionization rate, so that the method is not suitable for diagnosis in the thrust chamber. RPA is a diagnostic method for screening particles by using the coupling effect of magnetic field and electric field to obtain the velocity of charged particles.
Fifthly, the existing contact diagnosis usually has large-area metal exposure, so that the interference to the plume field can be caused. Particularly, the exposed metal screw is easy to cause point discharge or generate other electric signal interference. It is necessary to achieve electrical insulation by means of a good structural design.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a plume plasma neutral particle measurement apparatus, which solves the technical problems of the conventional optical diagnostic method and probe method.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a plume plasma neutral particle measuring apparatus for diagnosing neutral particles in a vacuum plume of an electric thruster, including an ion collecting assembly, an ionization chamber, a rail, and a probe assembly, wherein:
the ion collection assembly, the ionization chamber, the rail and the probe assembly are sequentially connected end to end, the ion collection assembly is used for collecting particles in a plume and simultaneously separating charged particles from neutral particles, and the ionization chamber is used for ionizing the neutral particles to form charged particles;
an orbit electrode is arranged inside the orbit, a voltage can be applied to the orbit electrode, the charged particles move along the orbit in an electric field to the orbit outlet, and the probe assembly is used for detecting the charged particles.
Preferably, the ion collecting assembly comprises a collimator and a collimator electrode, the collimator electrode is mounted inside the collimator along the axial direction of the collimator, and the collimator electrode is used for separating the collected charged particles and non-charged particles and enabling the non-charged particles to pass through.
Preferably, the collimator comprises a collimator outer tube and a collimator inner tube, an axial first bar-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the collimator outer tube, the collimator electrode is installed in the first bar-shaped groove, and the collimator inner tube is sleeved in the collimator outer tube.
Preferably, the collimator outer tube and the collimator inner tube are both made of an insulating material.
Preferably, the collimator outer tube, the collimator inner tube and the collimator electrode are all connected by gluing.
Preferably, an electron generating device is installed above the ionization chamber, and is used for continuously injecting electrons into the ionization chamber, wherein the electrons are used for bombarding neutral particles to form the charged particles.
Preferably, the outer wall of the ionization chamber is made of an insulating material and the inner wall of the ionization chamber is made of molybdenum.
Preferably, the track is provided as an arcuate bent tube structure.
Preferably, the track includes track inner tube and track outer tube, set up on the inner wall of track outer tube along the second bar groove of track extending direction, the track electrode install in the second bar groove, the track inner tube embolias in the track outer tube.
Preferably, the rail inner pipe and the rail outer pipe are both made of an insulating material.
The device for measuring neutral particles in plume plasma provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects:
the device for measuring the neutral particles in the plume plasma can be used for diagnosing the neutral particles in the vacuum plume of the electric thruster and mainly comprises an ion collecting component, an ionization chamber, a track and a probe component, wherein the ion collecting component, the ionization chamber, the track and the probe component are sequentially connected end to end, the ion collecting component can collect the particles in the plume, separating charged particles from neutral particles, introducing the neutral particles into an ionization chamber, ionizing the neutral particles to form charged particles in the ionization chamber, applying voltage to the rail electrode, allowing the charged particles to move along the rail in an electric field to the rail outlet, detecting the charged particles with a probe assembly, the measuring device adopts a modular assembly mode, has simple assembly steps and overcomes the defects of the existing optical diagnosis mode and the probe component mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a plume plasma neutral particle measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the plume plasma neutral measurement device of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an external view of the plume plasma neutral particle measuring apparatus of fig. 1.
Wherein, in fig. 1-3:
1. an ion collection assembly; 11. a collimator tube; 111. a collimator outer tube; 112. a collimator inner tube; 113. a first bar-shaped groove; 12. a collimator electrode;
2. an ionization chamber; 21. the inner wall of the ionization chamber; 22. an ionization chamber outer wall;
3. a track; 31. an inner tube of the track; 32. an outer rail tube; 33. a rail electrode; 34. a second strip groove;
4. a probe assembly; 41. langmuir probe; 42. a probe wire.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
As mentioned in the background, the optical diagnostic methods and probe methods used in the prior art have a number of drawbacks.
Based on the above, the invention provides a plume plasma neutral particle measuring device, which can be used for diagnosing neutral particles in a vacuum plume of an electric thruster and mainly comprises an ion collecting component, an ionization chamber, a rail and a probe component, wherein the ion collecting component, the ionization chamber, the rail and the probe component are sequentially connected end to end, the ion collecting component can collect particles in the plume and separate charged particles from the neutral particles, the neutral particles left after separation enter the ionization chamber, the ionization chamber ionizes the neutral particles to form charged particles, a voltage can be applied to an orbital electrode, the charged particles move to an orbital outlet in an electric field, the probe component is used for detecting the charged particles, namely, the neutral particle parameter measurement is realized through the probe component, the measuring device adopts a modular assembly mode, the assembly steps are simple, the defects of the existing optical diagnosis mode and probe assembly mode are overcome.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention provides a plume plasma neutral particle measuring apparatus, as shown in fig. 1-3, including an ion collecting assembly 1, an ionization chamber 2, a rail 3 and a probe assembly 4, where the ion collecting assembly 1, the ionization chamber 2, the rail 3 and the probe assembly 4 are connected end to end in sequence, the ion collecting assembly 1 is used for collecting particles in a plume and simultaneously separating charged particles from neutral particles, and the ionization chamber 2 is used for ionizing neutral particles to form charged particles; the rail 3 is internally provided with a rail electrode 33, the rail electrode 33 can be applied with a voltage, the charged particles move along the rail 3 to the outlet of the rail 3 in an electric field, and the probe assembly 4 is used for detecting the charged particles.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ion collecting assembly 1 includes a collimator 11 and a collimator electrode 12, the collimator electrode 12 is installed inside the collimator 11 along an axial direction of the collimator 11, and the collimator electrode 12 is used for separating the collected charged particles and non-charged particles and allowing the non-charged particles to pass through.
Specifically, the collimator electrodes 12 include two, and the collimator 11 includes a collimator outer tube 111 and a collimator inner tube 112, as shown in fig. 1, the collimator outer tube 111 and the collimator inner tube 112 are both in a cylinder structure, an axial first bar-shaped groove 113 is arranged on the inner wall of the collimator outer tube 111, the first bar-shaped groove 113 includes two same grooves, and the positions are opposite, two corresponding collimator electrodes 12 are installed in the first bar-shaped groove 113 of the opposite position, and the collimator inner tube 112 is sleeved in the collimator outer tube 111 to form a sleeve structure.
The collimator outer tube 111 and the collimator inner tube 112 are made of an insulating material, preferably a ceramic material, and have an insulating effect, so that the electric field of the plume field is slightly affected.
It should be noted that the collimator outer tube 111 and the collimator inner tube 112 are not limited to be made of ceramic, and may be made of other kinds of insulating protection materials, and the invention is within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the purpose of insulating protection can be achieved.
The collimator outer tube 111, the collimator inner tube 112 and the collimator electrode 12 are all connected by gluing, so that certain sealing performance is achieved.
It should be noted that the connection between the collimator outer tube 111, the collimator inner tube 112 and the collimator electrode 12 is not limited to adhesive connection, and other connection methods, as long as a certain sealing effect can be achieved, are within the scope of the present invention.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, an electron generating device (not shown) is installed above the ionization chamber 2, and the electron generating device is used for continuously injecting electrons into the ionization chamber 2, and the electrons are used for bombarding neutral particles, so that the neutral particles form charged particles, i.e. ions.
As shown in fig. 1, the ionization chamber 2 comprises an inner wall 21 of the ionization chamber and an outer wall 22 of the ionization chamber, wherein the inner wall 21 of the ionization chamber is made of molybdenum, and the outer wall 22 of the ionization chamber is made of ceramic and plays a role of insulation.
It should be noted that the ionization chamber outer wall 22 is not limited to be made of ceramic, and may be made of other kinds of insulating protection materials, and the invention is within the protection scope as long as the purpose of insulating protection can be achieved.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the rail 3 is configured as an arc-shaped bent tube structure, and includes an inner tube 31 of the rail 3 and an outer tube 32 of the rail, as shown in fig. 1, and similar to the structure of the collimator 11, a second strip-shaped groove 34 is provided on the inner wall of the outer tube 32 of the rail along the extending direction of the rail 3, the second strip-shaped groove 34 is also two and opposite in position, two corresponding rail electrodes 33 are installed in the two second strip-shaped grooves 34, and the inner tube 31 of the rail 3 is sleeved in the outer tube 32 of the rail to form a sleeve structure.
The inner pipe 31 and the outer pipe 32 of the rail 3 are made of insulating materials, preferably ceramic, and have an insulating protection function.
It should be noted that the inner tube 31 and the outer tube 32 of the rail 3 are not limited to be made of ceramic, and may be made of other kinds of insulating protective materials, and the invention is within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the purpose of insulating protection can be achieved.
The outer track tube 32, the inner track tube 31 of the track 3 and the track electrode 33 are all connected by gluing, so that certain sealing performance is achieved.
It should be noted that the rail outer tube 32, the rail 3 inner tube 31 and the rail electrode 33 are not limited to be connected by adhesive, and other connection methods, as long as a certain sealing effect can be achieved, are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In another further embodiment of the present invention, the probe assembly 4 comprises a langmuir probe 41 and a probe wire 42, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the langmuir probe 41 is made of ceramic and the probe wire 42 is made of tungsten. The probe assembly 4 is conventional in the art.
The connection of the collimator 11, the ionization chamber 2, the rail 3 and the probe assembly 4 can be realized by gluing, so that the gas tightness is ensured.
The working process of the plume plasma neutral particle diagnosis probe comprises the following steps:
(1) during experimental measurement, the collimator 11 is opposite to the exit of the thruster so as to collect particles (including ions, electrons and neutral particles) in the plume;
(2) applying high voltage to two collimator electrodes 12 of the collimator 11 to form a radial electric field in the collimator 11, so that charged ions and electrons move to the surface of the collimator inner tube 112 under the action of the radial electric field and cannot pass through the collimator 11, and only uncharged neutral particles can enter the ionization chamber 2 through the collimator 11 without being influenced by a strong radial electric field in the collimator 11;
(3) the upper surface of the ionization chamber 2 is connected with an electron generating device (not shown in the figure), electrons can be continuously injected into the ionization chamber 2, neutral particles entering the ionization chamber 2 are bombarded by the electrons and are ionized into ions, the change of the speed of the neutral particles in the ionization process can be ignored, and the speed of the ions is the speed of neutral atoms in the plume. Then the ions enter the orbit 3;
(4) and applying a voltage to the orbital electrode 33 to enable ions to do circular motion under the action of the radial electric field, moving along the track 3 to the outlet of the track 3, and detecting by a probe assembly 4 arranged at the outlet of the track 3, wherein the voltage of the orbital electrode 33 can be changed, so that the moving radius of the ions is changed, the ions with different speeds can be screened, and the purpose of screening neutral particles with different speeds is achieved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A plume plasma neutral measurement device for diagnosing neutral particles in an electric thruster vacuum plume comprising an ion collection assembly, an ionization chamber, a rail and a probe assembly, wherein:
the ion collection assembly, the ionization chamber, the rail and the probe assembly are sequentially connected end to end, the ion collection assembly is used for collecting particles in a plume and simultaneously separating charged particles from neutral particles, and the ionization chamber is used for ionizing the neutral particles to form charged particles;
an orbit electrode is arranged inside the orbit, a voltage can be applied to the orbit electrode, the charged particles move along the orbit in an electric field to the orbit outlet, and the probe assembly is used for detecting the charged particles.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ion collecting assembly comprises a collimator mounted inside the collimator along an axial direction of the collimator, and a collimator electrode for separating the collected charged particles and non-charged particles and passing the non-charged particles.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the collimator comprises an outer collimator tube and an inner collimator tube, the inner wall of the outer collimator tube is provided with a first axial slot, the collimator electrode is mounted in the first axial slot, and the inner collimator tube is sleeved in the outer collimator tube.
4. The plume plasma neutral particle measurement device of claim 3 wherein the collimator outer tube and the collimator inner tube are both made of an insulating material.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the collimator outer tube, the collimator inner tube, and the collimator electrode are all bonded together by adhesive.
6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an electron generator is installed above the ionization chamber, the electron generator being configured to continuously inject electrons into the ionization chamber, the electrons being configured to bombard neutral particles to form the charged particles.
7. The plume plasma neutral measurement device of claim 6 wherein the outer wall of the ionization chamber is made of an insulating material and the inner wall of the ionization chamber is made of molybdenum.
8. The plume plasma neutral particle measurement device of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the rail is provided as an arcuate elbow structure.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the rail comprises an inner rail tube and an outer rail tube, a second groove is formed on an inner wall of the outer rail tube along an extending direction of the rail, the rail electrode is installed in the second groove, and the inner rail tube is sleeved in the outer rail tube.
10. The plume plasma neutral measurement device of claim 9 wherein the inner and outer rail tubes are made of an insulating material.
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| CN202011205050.5A CN112327346B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Plume plasma neutral particle measuring device |
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| CN202011205050.5A CN112327346B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Plume plasma neutral particle measuring device |
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| CN112327346B CN112327346B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113466921A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Electrostatic field ion energy analyzer suitable for plume diagnosis of electric thruster |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113466921A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Electrostatic field ion energy analyzer suitable for plume diagnosis of electric thruster |
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| CN112327346B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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