CN112326487A - Current-carrying friction test device and method for conductive brush wire - Google Patents
Current-carrying friction test device and method for conductive brush wire Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a current-carrying friction test device and a test method for a conductive brush wire. The conductive loading cam is used for directly providing stable and controllable dynamic loading force to the conductive brush wire in the rotation process, a loading power supply supplies power to the loading cam and the conductive brush wire to form a current-carrying loop, a dynamic loading simulation test under the current-carrying condition is realized, the loading cam is used for providing the dynamic loading force, the shape of the loading peripheral surface can be designed and processed in advance, the dynamic loading requirements of proper vibration basic value, vibration amplitude and vibration frequency are met, and the performance of the dynamic brush wire is conveniently researched under the dynamic loading condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a current-carrying friction test device and a current-carrying friction test method for conductive brush wires.
Background
The conductive brush wire is taken as a typical current-carrying friction pair and is always an essential part of a spacecraft solar sailboard driving mechanism. In recent years, a large amount of conductive brush wires are also used for controlling moment gyros, scanning microwave radiometers, laser communication pointing mechanisms and the like, so that the on-orbit maneuvering capability and the signal coverage range of the spacecraft are remarkably improved.
In order to detect the related performance of the conductive brush wire material and develop a novel electrical contact material, a corresponding current-carrying friction tester is required to be used for testing, for example, a horizontal multifunctional current-carrying friction wear tester is disclosed in patent document with application publication No. CN106323786A, a main shaft is driven by a servo motor and drives a wire ring to rotate, wire sample fixing plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the wire ring, a circuit board is arranged on each wire sample fixing plate, wire samples are welded on the circuit board, during testing, an included angle between the wire samples such as brush wires on two sides of the wire ring is 90 degrees and the wire samples are perpendicular to the diameter of the wire ring, a power supply loading circuit and a measuring circuit are arranged corresponding to the two wire samples, wherein the power supply loading circuit comprises a loading power supply and a loading wire connector, the two wire samples are respectively connected with a loading wire connector and then are communicated with the positive electrode, so as to form a complete loading loop through the wire loop, and the measuring circuit comprises a current sensor, a voltage sensor, an information processor, a data acquisition card, a computer and the like. When the test is carried out, the servo motor drives the wire ring to rotate through the main shaft, and the current-carrying abrasion test is realized.
However, compared with ground current-carrying friction, the space current-carrying friction and wear process is more complicated due to the severe on-orbit environment and complex working conditions. Under the condition of long-term service, the contact between the current-carrying friction pairs of the conductive brush wires is in a non-steady state, and the stress of the conductive brush wires is dynamically changed. The dynamic evolution law and the failure mechanism of the conductive brush wire become the key points of the design, development and manufacture of the spacecraft, and deep scientific research needs to be developed to provide guidance for optimizing design and improving the process control level. The problems of current-carrying friction stability, abnormal abrasion and the like of the conductive brush wire under the condition of flexible contact seriously restrict the reliable on-orbit operation of the spacecraft, and deep research needs to be urgently developed to take effective measures to eliminate the hidden trouble.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a current-carrying friction test research device for a conductive brush wire, which aims to solve the technical problem that a wire ring in a current-carrying friction wear testing machine in the prior art is a circular ring and cannot provide dynamic loading; meanwhile, the invention also aims to provide a conductive brush wire current-carrying friction test research method so as to carry out research work on the conductive brush wire under the condition of dynamic loading.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the current-carrying friction test research device for the conductive brush wires provided by the invention is as follows: a current-carrying friction test device for conductive brush wires comprises:
the brush wire fixing piece is used for fixing one end of the conductive brush wire so as to enable the conductive brush wire to form an overhanging structure;
the mandrel is driven by a motor to rotate;
the conductive loading cam is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the mandrel, the loading cam is provided with a loading peripheral surface, the loading peripheral surface is used for enabling the corresponding end of the conductive brush wire to be in overhanging pressure joint to form a friction pair, and when the loading cam rotates along with the mandrel, the loading peripheral surface pushes the conductive brush wire to float so as to form dynamic loading;
and the loading power supply is electrically connected with the loading cam and the conductive brush wire, so that the conductive brush wire is tested in a current-carrying state.
The beneficial effects are that: in the current-carrying friction test research device provided by the invention, a stable and controllable dynamic loading force is directly provided for the conductive brush wire in the rotation process by utilizing the conductive loading cam, and the loading power supply supplies power to the loading cam and the conductive brush wire to form a current-carrying loop, so that a dynamic loading simulation test under a current-carrying condition is realized.
As a further improvement, the loading cam is detachably mounted on the mandrel.
The beneficial effects are that: the loading cam is detachably arranged on the mandrel, the loading peripheral surface of the loading cam can be specially designed according to the pre-designed dynamic loading requirement, after one-time test is completed, the previous loading cam can be directly detached, another designed loading cam is replaced, a new loading test can be carried out, and the test efficiency is high.
As a further improvement, the periphery of the loading cam is provided with an annular groove, and the inner side surface of the annular groove forms the loading peripheral surface.
The beneficial effects are that: utilize the annular groove to conveniently fix a position the electrically conductive brush silk, the operating mode of simulation electrically conductive brush silk that can be better.
As a further improvement, the section of the annular groove is U-shaped or V-shaped.
As a further improvement, the mandrel is a conductive mandrel, the conductive mandrel is in conductive connection with the loading cam, the conductive mandrel is in conductive connection with an external mandrel lead, and the external mandrel lead is in conductive connection with the loading power supply, so that the loading cam is in conductive connection with the loading power supply.
The beneficial effects are that: the loading cam is electrically connected with the loading power supply in the axial direction by adopting the external lead of the mandrel and the conductive core, so that the structure is simpler and the implementation is convenient.
As a further improvement, the brush wire fixing member has an outer ring sleeve, the outer ring sleeve is arranged coaxially with the core shaft and is located radially outside the loading cam, the outer ring sleeve is an insulating member, and the corresponding end of the conductive brush wire is used for being fixed on the outer ring sleeve.
The beneficial effects are that: the outer ring sleeve is used for fixing the conductive brush wire, and the vertical state of the conductive brush wire is conveniently ensured due to the coaxial arrangement of the outer ring sleeve and the mandrel.
As a further improvement, the outer ring sleeve is provided with a through hole, an external lead of the brush wire for electrically connecting the conductive brush wire penetrates through the through hole, and the external lead of the brush wire is used for electrically connecting the loading power supply so as to realize the electrically connecting of the conductive brush wire and the loading power supply.
The beneficial effects are that: the outer ring sleeve is provided with a through hole which is convenient for connecting the brush wire with an external lead.
The technical scheme of the current-carrying friction test research method of the conductive brush wire provided by the invention is as follows: a current-carrying friction test method for a conductive brush wire comprises the steps that one end of the conductive brush wire to be tested is fixed, the other end of the conductive brush wire to be tested is in overhanging pressure joint with the loading peripheral surface of a loading cam to form a friction pair, a loading power supply supplies power to the loading cam and the conductive brush wire to form a current-carrying loop, and the conductive brush wire is pushed to float by the loading peripheral surface in the rotation process of the loading cam, so that the dynamic loading of the conductive brush wire is realized.
The beneficial effects are that: in the current-carrying friction test research method provided by the invention, a stable and controllable dynamic loading force is directly provided for the conductive brush wire in the rotation process by utilizing the conductive loading cam, and the loading power supply supplies power to the loading cam and the conductive brush wire to form a current-carrying loop, so that a dynamic loading simulation test under a current-carrying condition is realized.
As a further improvement, the loading cam is driven by the mandrel to rotate, the mandrel and the loading cam are in conductive assembly, and the loading power supply is in conductive connection with the mandrel through an external lead of the mandrel and further in conductive connection with the loading cam.
The beneficial effects are that: the loading cam is electrically connected with the loading power supply in the axial direction by adopting the external lead of the mandrel and the conductive core, so that the structure is simpler and the implementation is convenient.
As a further improvement, one end of the conductive brush wire, which is correspondingly fixed, is conductively connected with a brush wire external lead, and the brush wire external lead is conductively connected with the loading power supply, so as to realize the conductive connection between the conductive brush wire and the loading power supply.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of a current-carrying friction test device for conductive brush wires according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a loading cam;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of another loading cam.
Description of reference numerals:
1-external lead wire of brush wire, 2-conductive brush wire, 3-mandrel, 4-loading peripheral surface, 5-outer ring sleeve, 6-brush wire fixing piece, 7-external lead wire of mandrel and 8-loading cam.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, elements recited by the phrase "comprising an … …" do not exclude the inclusion of such elements in processes or methods.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" when they are used are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the term "provided" may be used in a broad sense, for example, the object of "provided" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and the connection may be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The specific embodiment 1 of the current-carrying friction test device for the conductive brush wire provided by the invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the current-carrying friction test device for the conductive brush wire comprises a mandrel 3, a loading cam 8 and a brush wire fixing part 6, wherein the brush wire fixing part 6 is used for fixing one end of the conductive brush wire to be tested, so that the other end of the conductive brush wire 2 is in overhanging pressure joint with the loading peripheral surface of the loading cam, and then a friction pair in flexible contact is formed, dynamic loading on the conductive brush wire 2 is completed in the process that the mandrel 3 drives the loading cam 8 to rotate, and a loading power supply is in conductive connection with the mandrel 3, the loading cam 8 and the conductive brush wire 2 to form a current-carrying loop, so that the dynamic loading test on the conductive brush wire under the current-carrying condition is met.
Particularly, dabber 3 is used for being rotated by motor drive, and the motor drives the dabber according to actual need and works with setting for rotational speed, output torque, and dabber 3 here is electrically conductive dabber, and its electrically conductive connection has external lead wire 7 of dabber, and external lead wire 7 of dabber is used for being connected with loading power supply electrically conductive.
Specifically, a conductive slip ring is arranged outside the mandrel and is in conductive connection with the mandrel, and the conductive slip ring is in conductive connection with a loading power supply through an external lead 3 of the mandrel.
The loading cam 8 is detachably fixed on the mandrel 3, and the loading cam 8 is driven by the mandrel 3 to rotate. The outer peripheral surface of the loading cam 8 is provided with an annular groove, the section of the annular groove is of a U-shaped structure, the inner side surface of the annular groove forms a loading outer peripheral surface 4 for the corresponding end of the conductive brush wire 2 to be in overhanging pressure joint, and in the synchronous rotation process of the loading cam along with the core shaft, the loading outer peripheral surface 4 pushes the conductive brush wire 2 to float, so that a dynamic loading mode is formed.
In this embodiment, the brush wire fixing member 6 includes a middle supporting plate and an outer ring sleeve 5, the middle supporting plate and the outer ring sleeve 5 are integrally disposed, the outer ring sleeve 5 and the mandrel 3 are coaxially disposed, an insulating ring is disposed between the middle supporting plate and the outer ring sleeve, so that the middle supporting plate and the outer ring sleeve are disposed in an insulating manner, the outer sleeve and the mandrel are disposed in an insulating manner, the outer sleeve is disposed radially outside the loading cam 8, the insulating ring can be disposed between the outer sleeve and the loading cam 8, and the insulating manner between the loading. In the fixing process, the corresponding fixed ends of the conductive brush wires 2 can be fixed on the outer ring sleeve 5 through the jackscrews. In the outer ring sleeve 5, a through hole is formed, a brush wire external lead 1 connected with the conductive brush wire 2 is led out, and the brush wire external lead 1 is used for being in conductive connection with a loading power supply.
The loading power supply is in conductive connection with the mandrel external lead 7 and the brush wire external lead 1, the loading cam 8 is a conductive cam, and when the mandrel 3 drives the loading cam 8 to rotate, the loading cam 8 is in conductive connection with the conductive brush wire 2, so that the conductive brush wire 2 is in a current-carrying state.
It should be noted here that the loading cam is detachably mounted on the mandrel, so that the loading peripheral surface of the loading cam can be specially designed according to the pre-designed dynamic loading requirement, after one-time test is completed, the previous loading cam can be directly detached, another designed loading cam is replaced, a new loading test can be performed, and the test efficiency is high.
For example, the loading cam of fig. 1 may be used, and the loading cam of fig. 2 or 3 may also be used, to achieve different dynamic loading tests.
The specific embodiment 2 of the current-carrying friction test device for the conductive brush wire provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the difference from example 1 is mainly that: in embodiment 1, the section of the annular groove in the loading cam is U-shaped. In this embodiment, the annular groove of the loading cam has a V-shaped cross-section, which also serves to locate the overhanging crimping end of the conductive brush filaments.
The specific embodiment 3 of the current-carrying friction test device for the conductive brush wire provided by the invention:
the difference from example 1 is mainly that: in embodiment 1, the loading power source is electrically connected to the mandrel through an external lead of the mandrel, and is electrically connected to the loading cam through the conductive mandrel, thereby satisfying the through-current requirement of the conductive brush wire. In this embodiment, the mandrel is no longer electrically conductive, and the rotary conductive joint is directly arranged on the loading cam to realize the conductive connection with the loading power supply, so as to satisfy the current-carrying state.
The specific embodiment 4 of the current-carrying friction test device for the conductive brush wire provided by the invention:
the difference from example 1 is mainly that: in embodiment 1, the loading cams are removably fixedly mounted on the mandrel to facilitate replacement of different loading cams with the same mandrel. In this embodiment, the loading cam can also be directly fixed on the spindle in a non-detachable manner.
The specific embodiment 5 of the current-carrying friction test device for the conductive brush wire provided by the invention:
the difference between the examples 1 is mainly that: in example 1, the brush wire fixing member includes an outer ring, and the outer ring is used to fix the corresponding fixing ends of the conductive brush wires. In this embodiment, the brush silk mounting is the mount, is equipped with the fixation clamp on the mount, and the fixed mounting that the stiff end of electrically conductive brush silk corresponds is on the fixation clamp, and at this moment, the fixation clamp is electrically conductive structure to through the external lead wire of electrically conductive clamping fixed brush silk, and then when the external lead wire of brush silk is connected with the loading power electrically conductive, realize being connected with the electrically conductive of electrically conductive brush silk.
The embodiment of the current-carrying friction test method of the conductive brush wire provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
one end of the conductive brush wire to be tested is fixed, the other end of the conductive brush wire is in overhanging pressure joint with the loading peripheral surface of the loading cam, the conductive brush wire deforms to ensure effective conductive contact, the loading cam is driven by the mandrel to rotate, and the conductive brush wire is pushed by the loading peripheral surface to float in the rotation process of the loading cam so as to realize dynamic loading of the conductive brush wire. And the mandrel and the loading cam can be both conductive, an external mandrel lead is arranged on the mandrel and used for being externally connected with a loading power supply, meanwhile, the conductive brush wire is connected with an external brush wire lead, the external brush wire lead is also conductively connected with the loading power supply, and then the loading power supply can supply power to the loading cam and the conductive brush wire to form a current-carrying loop, so that dynamic loading under a current-carrying friction pair state is formed.
It should be noted that the dynamic contact pressure between the friction pairs is substantially the result of the superposition of sinusoidal signals of different frequencies, amplitudes and phases. The dynamic contact force is expanded into a fourier series in the form of a sine function, which can be expressed as:
wherein d is0-Fourier transformThe converted direct current component, called the load base value;
dn sin(2πft+θn) The fundamental and the harmonic components of each stage.
Based on the above formula, the dynamic contact force between the current-carrying friction pairs of the conductive brush wires can be approximately expressed as:
F(t)=A+Bsin(2πft)
wherein, A is the matrix of dynamic contact force, called vibration base value;
b-amplitude of dynamic contact force, called vibration amplitude;
f-the frequency of the dynamic contact force, called the vibration frequency.
Therefore, the time-domain characteristics of the dynamic contact force are mainly represented in the characteristics of amplitude, period, phase and the like, and the frequency-domain characteristics are mainly represented in the frequency and energy information. The fluctuation of the dynamic contact force is represented by the change of the vibration basic value A, the vibration amplitude B and the vibration frequency f.
According to the above description, the flexible contact between the conductive brush wire friction pair is simulated through the sliding contact between the loading cam and the conductive brush wire, the appearance of the loading cam is designed according to the vibration waveform to be simulated, and A, B, f is correspondingly adjusted, so that the vibration basic value, the vibration amplitude and the vibration frequency of the dynamic loading contact force can be changed, the dynamic loading is realized, the simulation test can be further performed on the conductive brush wire under the dynamic loading condition, and the corresponding research is facilitated.
As in the loading cams of fig. 2 and 3, different dynamic loads can be realized by using different loading cams, and the vibration amplitude B can be adjusted by changing the distance between the base circle and the cam, the vibration base value a R + B can be adjusted by changing the radius R of the base circle, and the vibration frequency f can be adjusted by changing the spindle rotation speed and the number of protrusions of the loading cam.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments without departing from the inventive concept, or some of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A current-carrying friction test device for conductive brush wires is characterized by comprising:
the brush wire fixing piece is used for fixing one end of the conductive brush wire so as to enable the conductive brush wire to form an overhanging structure;
the mandrel is driven by a motor to rotate;
the conductive loading cam is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the mandrel, the loading cam is provided with a loading peripheral surface, the loading peripheral surface is used for enabling the corresponding end of the conductive brush wire to be in overhanging pressure joint to form a friction pair, and when the loading cam rotates along with the mandrel, the loading peripheral surface pushes the conductive brush wire to float so as to form dynamic loading;
and the loading power supply is electrically connected with the loading cam and the conductive brush wire, so that the conductive brush wire is tested in a current-carrying state.
2. A current-carrying friction test apparatus for conductive brush filaments according to claim 1, wherein said loading cam is removably mounted on said mandrel.
3. A current-carrying friction test device for conductive brush wires according to claim 1, wherein the loading cam has an annular groove formed in its outer periphery, and the inner side surface of the annular groove forms the loading outer peripheral surface.
4. A current-carrying friction test device according to claim 3, wherein the cross-section of said annular groove is U-shaped or V-shaped.
5. A current-carrying friction test device for a conductive brush wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mandrel is a conductive mandrel, the conductive mandrel is conductively connected with the loading cam, the conductive mandrel is conductively connected with a mandrel external lead, and the mandrel external lead is used for being conductively connected with the loading power supply, so that the loading cam is conductively connected with the loading power supply.
6. A current-carrying friction test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said brush holder has an outer collar disposed coaxially with said core shaft and radially outside said loading cam, said outer collar being an insulating member, respective ends of said conductive brush wires being adapted to be fixed to said outer collar.
7. A current-carrying friction test device for conductive brush wires according to claim 6, wherein the outer ring sleeve is provided with a through hole for passing an external lead of the brush wire electrically connected with the conductive brush wire, and the external lead of the brush wire is electrically connected with the loading power supply to realize the electrically conductive connection of the conductive brush wire and the loading power supply.
8. A current-carrying friction test method for a conductive brush wire is characterized in that one end of the conductive brush wire to be tested is fixed, the other end of the conductive brush wire to be tested is in overhanging pressure joint with the loading peripheral surface of a loading cam to form a friction pair, a loading power supply supplies power to the loading cam and the conductive brush wire to form a current-carrying loop, and the loading peripheral surface pushes the conductive brush wire to float in the rotation process of the loading cam, so that the dynamic loading of the conductive brush wire is realized.
9. The method for current-carrying friction testing of conductive brush wires according to claim 8, wherein the loading cam is driven to rotate by a mandrel, the mandrel is conductively assembled with the loading cam, and a loading power source is conductively connected with the mandrel through an external lead of the mandrel and further conductively connected with the loading cam.
10. The current-carrying friction test method for conductive brush wires according to claim 8 or 9, wherein one end of the conductive brush wire, which is correspondingly fixed, is conductively connected with a brush wire external lead, and the brush wire external lead is conductively connected with the loading power supply so as to realize the conductive connection between the conductive brush wire and the loading power supply.
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