CN112325786A - Offshore steel pipe pile operation period online monitoring method based on dense distribution - Google Patents
Offshore steel pipe pile operation period online monitoring method based on dense distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN112325786A CN112325786A CN202011176059.8A CN202011176059A CN112325786A CN 112325786 A CN112325786 A CN 112325786A CN 202011176059 A CN202011176059 A CN 202011176059A CN 112325786 A CN112325786 A CN 112325786A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
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Abstract
The invention provides an offshore steel pipe pile operation period online monitoring method based on dense distribution, which comprises the following steps of: s1, manufacturing a fiber ribbon strain sensing optical cable: s2, polishing and dedusting: forming a layout path; s3, primer coating; s4, cable laying: arranging a sensing optical cable in the primer coating area, and brushing a layer of surface glue on the upper part of the sensing optical cable after the arrangement is finished so as to fully couple the optical cable with the pile body of the steel pipe pile; s5, surface layer protection; s6, welding channel steel: the bottom of the steel pipe pile is welded with channel steel to protect the sensing optical cable; s7, lead protection: protecting the lead part of the sensing optical cable by using a sleeve and fixing the optical cable; s8, after the sensing optical cable is arranged in stages, the lead is used for leading signals of the optical cable to the dense distributed strain demodulator, and the dense distributed strain demodulator is used for detecting physical quantities such as internal force, bending moment, deflection and the like of the steel pipe pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a civil engineering optical fiber monitoring method, in particular to an offshore steel pipe pile operation period online monitoring method based on intensive distribution.
Background
The optical fiber sensing technology is a novel sensing detection technology which is rapidly developed in the 20 th 70 th century by virtue of development of optical fiber materials and optical fiber communication technologies, takes optical fibers as media and light as carriers, can realize (dense) distributed real-time sensing of long-distance external measured information, has the advantages of strong electromagnetic resistance and corrosion resistance, portability, dexterity and the like, and is widely applied to various aspects of civil engineering in recent years and in the field of pile foundation engineering.
Traditional conventional sensors, such as sensors of resistance type, vibrating wire type, inclinometer and the like, have poor durability and stability in a corrosive environment, are high in long-distance laying cost and cannot be automatically measured in real time, underwater structures are often difficult to monitor, monitoring efficiency is low, and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved. Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber sensing technology has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, fast dynamic response, high sensitivity and testing precision, strong durability, realization of remote real-time monitoring and the like, and is particularly important in detection application. In particular, the distributed optical fiber sensing technology can realize sensing, conducting and positioning of physical quantities along the optical fiber. The changes such as the production of laying optic fibre is met an emergency, temperature along the line, and better detection pile body atress changes, and the full life real-time supervision can be carried out to marine steel-pipe pile basis internal force, deformation to optic fibre sensing technology based on above-mentioned performance to guarantee upper portion wind tower stable in structure and safety, also provide the reference basis for the wind-powered electricity generation basic design and the construction in later stage.
The distributed optical fiber sensing technology still has the defects of high cost, incapability of realizing real-time high-precision test and the like. Therefore, the dense distributed optical fiber sensing technology is concerned and researched by more and more experts by virtue of the advantages of long distance, multiple measuring points, distributed, real-time measurement, simple laying and the like. Meanwhile, the corresponding arrangement mode of the dense distributed optical fibers and the monitoring equipment are also the key points of the precision of the dense distributed online testing system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring method for an operation period of an offshore steel pipe pile based on intensive distribution, aiming at the gradually wide application requirements of an optical fiber sensing technology, solving the problems that an offshore steel pipe pile foundation structure is in a complex marine environment, such as corrosion problems, impact load influences and various marine organisms influences, and the foundation structure is threatened to the safety of the foundation and the upper structure due to long-term and repeated washing of ocean tide and waves and complex multidirectional load effects, and seeking a monitoring means which is corrosion-resistant, high in precision, high in real-time performance, high in automation degree and continuous in multiple points.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an offshore steel pipe pile operation period online monitoring method based on dense distribution comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a fiber ribbon strain sensing optical cable: sequentially inscribing a plurality of measuring points on the same optical fiber, overmoulding a fiber core to form a tightly-wrapped sheath after inscribing, pre-tensioning the optical fiber to a certain strain, fixing two sides of the measuring points and protecting the measuring points by using a fiber protective layer to finally form a specially-made fiber band-shaped strain sensing optical cable;
s2, polishing and dedusting: symmetrically polishing the interior of the steel pipe pile along the pile body, removing rust, and polishing the position of a welding line to form a layout path;
s3, primer coating: coating a layer of primer on a sensing optical cable laying path;
s4, primer coating: arranging a sensing optical cable in the primer coating area, and brushing a layer of surface glue on the upper part of the sensing optical cable after the arrangement is finished so as to fully couple the optical cable with the pile body of the steel pipe pile;
s5, surface layer protection: after the curing strength of the surface adhesive reaches more than 50%, a layer of protective material is adhered to the surface of the surface adhesive;
s6, welding channel steel: the bottom of the steel pipe pile is welded with channel steel to protect the sensing optical cable, the length of the channel steel is not less than 5.0m, the bottom of the channel steel is sealed by an oblique opening, a coarse-particle soil layer is protected by covering all the channel steel with channel plates, and the width of the channel steel is not less than 8.0 cm;
s7, lead protection: protecting the lead part of the sensing optical cable by using a sleeve and fixing the optical cable;
and S8, after the sensing optical cable is arranged in stages, leading signals of the optical cable to a dense distributed strain demodulator by using a lead, and detecting physical quantities such as internal force, bending moment, deflection and the like of the steel pipe pile by using the dense distributed strain demodulator.
Preferably, in S4, at least 2 sensing cables are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the steel pipe pile along the axial direction.
Preferably, 2 or 4 optical fiber laying lines are selected for optical fiber laying along the pile body symmetry mode of the steel pipe pile, and each laying line is a U-shaped loop formed by welding two tightly-wrapped sheath sensing optical cables at the bottom.
Preferably, in S1, a test point is written every 0.5-1m on the same optical fiber.
Preferably, the master control system of the dense distributed strain demodulator adopts an embedded master control system integrated with a 4G transmission function.
Preferably, the protective material in S5 is a fireproof material.
Preferably, the fireproof material is gold foil paper or asbestos material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the strain optical cable adopts a unique internal fixed point design, thousands of fiber bragg grating sensing points can be densely processed on the same optical fiber, accurate distributed dense monitoring is realized, the detection point position is accurately positioned, and meanwhile discontinuous non-uniform strain segmented uniform distributed measurement can also be realized; the optical cable layout can lead the sensing device and the tested structural body to cooperatively deform, stably run during pile testing and pile sinking, and is effective for a long time during the running. The sensor is mounted at one time, and the sensor can be used in the whole life;
2. both ends of the loop can be tested, and the break point in the line can still be tested at both ends, so that the survival rate is high;
3. the optical cable is laid by adopting a full-sticking laying process, the tape-shaped sensing optical cable is completely stuck by using a sticking agent and fixed on the surface of the pile body, and the special optical cable is fixed by adopting a mode of completely sticking impregnated glue, so that the vibration separation possibly generated in the piling process of the steel pipe pile can be effectively solved;
4. the test is convenient, the portable equipment can be used for testing, and the system can also be wirelessly integrated;
5. the system has low cost and is easy to integrate; the test demodulation system can realize modularization and is easy for system integration;
6. the demodulation speed is high, the monitoring frequency is high, online real-time testing can be realized, the dense distributed sensing technology combines the sensing advantage of the fiber bragg grating and the positioning advantage of the optical time domain technology, and real-time engineering monitoring can be realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the monitoring of the foundation of the offshore steel pipe pile of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of distributed fiber optic equipment remote control and data acquisition of the present invention;
notation in the figure: 1 is the steel-pipe pile, 2 is sensing optical cable, and 3 is intensive distributed strain demodulation appearance.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1 to 2, the method for online monitoring of the operation period of an offshore steel pipe pile based on dense distribution includes the following steps:
s1, manufacturing the fiber ribbon strain sensing optical cable 2: sequentially inscribing a plurality of measuring points on the same optical fiber, overmoulding a fiber core to form a tightly-wrapped sheath after engraving, pre-tensioning the optical fiber to a certain strain, fixing two sides of the measuring points and protecting the measuring points by using a fiber protection layer to finally form a specially-made fiber band-shaped strain sensing optical cable 2;
s2, polishing and dedusting: symmetrically polishing the interior of the steel pipe pile 1 along the pile body, removing rust, and polishing the position of a welding line to form a layout path;
s3, primer coating: a layer of primer adhesive is coated on the routing path of the sensing optical cable 2 to improve the adhesion degree of the optical cable;
s4, cable laying: arranging a sensing optical cable 2 in the primer coating area, and brushing a layer of surface glue on the upper part of the sensing optical cable 2 after the arrangement is finished so as to fully couple the optical cable with the pile body of the steel pipe pile 1;
s5, surface layer protection: after the curing strength of the surface adhesive reaches more than 50%, a layer of protective material is adhered to the surface of the surface adhesive;
s6, welding channel steel: a section of channel steel needs to be welded at the bottommost part of the steel pipe pile 1 to protect the sensing optical cable, the length of the channel steel is preferably more than 5m, the bottom of the channel steel needs to be sealed by an inclined opening, a soil layer containing coarse particles needs to be protected by a full-line capping channel plate, the optical cable is prevented from being damaged in the piling process, and the width of the channel steel is not preferably less than 8cm in order to prevent the optical cable from being burnt by welding;
s7, lead protection: the leading wire part of the sensing optical cable 2 is protected by a sleeve, the leading wire part of the optical cable needs to be protected by the sleeve, and the optical cable is fixed by welding a fixing column or a hook, so that the leading wire optical cable is prevented from scattering and breaking during the driving process;
and S8, after the sensing optical cable is arranged in stages, leading signals of the optical cable to the dense distributed strain demodulator 3 by using a lead, and detecting physical quantities such as internal force, bending moment, deflection and the like of the steel pipe pile 1 by using the dense distributed strain demodulator 3.
At least 2 sensing optical cables 2 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the steel pipe pile 1 along the axial direction in S4.
And 2 or 4 optical fiber laying lines are selected for carrying out optical fiber laying along the pile body symmetry mode of the steel pipe pile 1, and each laying line is a U-shaped loop formed by welding two tightly-wrapped sheath sensing optical cables 2 at the bottom.
In S1, a test point is written every 0.5-1m on the same optical fiber.
The master control system of the dense distributed strain demodulator 3 adopts an embedded master control system integrated with a 4G transmission function.
The protective material in the S5 is a fireproof material.
The fireproof material is made of gold foil paper or asbestos.
The overall design structure for remotely controlling the distributed optical fiber demodulation equipment and performing wireless transmission of data is shown in fig. 2, an embedded main control system with a 4G transmission function is mainly integrated on the basis of the demodulation technology of the existing demodulation equipment, and a modular design idea is adopted in the system for facilitating system debugging and maintenance;
the integrated system structure mainly comprises three parts, namely a dense distributed optical fiber demodulation module, a 4G main control system and an optical device multi-path expansion module; the system adopts a 4G chip which can support various systems of three operators to integrate a main control system, a main control board is provided with an Ethernet port and an RS232 serial port, and a dense distributed optical fiber demodulation module is communicated with the 4G main control board through the Ethernet port; the optical device multi-path expansion module adopts a mechanical optical switch with small insertion loss for optical path switching, communicates with the 4G main control module through an RS232 serial port, and realizes a multi-path monitoring system, an automatic switching system of LAN multi-light source/detector and an optical sensing multi-point dynamic monitoring system in an optical transmission system.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the strain optical cable adopts a unique internal fixed point design, thousands of fiber bragg grating sensing points can be densely processed on the same optical fiber, accurate distributed dense monitoring is realized, the detection point position is accurately positioned, and meanwhile discontinuous non-uniform strain segmented uniform distributed measurement can also be realized; the optical cable layout can lead the sensing device and the tested structure body to cooperatively deform, stably run during pile testing and pile sinking, and be effective for a long time during running, thereby realizing one-time installation of the sensing device and being usable in the whole life.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An offshore steel pipe pile operation period online monitoring method based on dense distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a fiber ribbon strain sensing optical cable: sequentially inscribing a plurality of measuring points on the same optical fiber, overmoulding a fiber core to form a tightly-wrapped sheath after inscribing, pre-tensioning the optical fiber to a certain strain, fixing two sides of the measuring points and protecting the measuring points by using a fiber protective layer to finally form a specially-made fiber band-shaped strain sensing optical cable;
s2, polishing and dedusting: symmetrically polishing the interior of the steel pipe pile along the pile body, removing rust, and polishing the position of a welding line to form a layout path;
s3, primer coating: coating a layer of primer on a sensing optical cable laying path;
s4, cable laying: arranging a sensing optical cable in the primer coating area, and brushing a layer of surface glue on the upper part of the sensing optical cable after the arrangement is finished so as to fully couple the optical cable with the pile body of the steel pipe pile;
s5, surface layer protection: after the curing strength of the surface adhesive reaches more than 50%, a layer of protective material is adhered to the surface of the surface adhesive;
s6, welding channel steel: welding channel steel at the bottom of the steel pipe pile to protect the sensing optical cable, wherein the length of the channel steel is not less than 5.0m, and the bottom of the channel steel is sealed by an inclined opening;
s7, lead protection: protecting the lead part of the sensing optical cable by using a sleeve and fixing the optical cable;
and S8, after the sensing optical cable is arranged in stages, leading signals of the optical cable to a dense distributed strain demodulator by using a lead, and detecting physical quantities such as internal force, bending moment, deflection and the like of the steel pipe pile by using the dense distributed strain demodulator.
2. The on-line monitoring method for the operation period of the densely distributed offshore steel pipe pile according to claim 1, wherein at least 2 sensing optical cables are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the steel pipe pile along the axial direction in S4.
3. The on-line monitoring method for the operation period of the densely distributed offshore steel pipe pile according to claim 2, wherein 2 or 4 optical fiber laying lines are selected for optical fiber laying in a symmetrical mode along the body of the steel pipe pile, and each laying line is a U-shaped loop formed by welding two tightly-sheathed sensing optical cables at the bottom.
4. The on-line monitoring method for the operation period of the densely distributed offshore steel pipe pile according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, a measuring point is written on the same optical fiber every 0.5-1 m.
5. The on-line monitoring method for the operation period of the offshore steel pipe pile based on the dense distribution type as claimed in claim 1, wherein the embedded master control system integrated with a 4G transmission function is adopted as the master control system of the dense distribution type strain demodulator.
6. The on-line monitoring method for the operation period of the densely distributed offshore steel pipe pile according to claim 1, wherein the protective material in S5 is a fireproof material.
7. The on-line monitoring method for the operation period of the densely distributed offshore steel pipe pile according to claim 6, wherein the fireproof material is gold foil paper or asbestos material.
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Application publication date: 20210205 |