CN112325713A - Analysis method for pneumatic nonlinear angular motion characteristics of double spinning bombs - Google Patents
Analysis method for pneumatic nonlinear angular motion characteristics of double spinning bombs Download PDFInfo
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- CN112325713A CN112325713A CN202011173044.6A CN202011173044A CN112325713A CN 112325713 A CN112325713 A CN 112325713A CN 202011173044 A CN202011173044 A CN 202011173044A CN 112325713 A CN112325713 A CN 112325713A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B35/00—Testing or checking of ammunition
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing the characteristic of pneumatic nonlinear angular motion of a double spinning projectile, which comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: establishing the speed omega of the double spinning projectile relative to the attack angle alpha, the sideslip angle beta and the pitch anglezYaw rate ωyThe non-linear angular motion equation of (1); step two: determining a nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the spinning projectile according to the nonlinear angular motion equation established in the step one; step three: converting the stability analysis of the nonlinear complex attack angle equation solution into the analysis of the corresponding homogeneous equation solution; step four: determining an amplitude plane equation of the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment; step five: determining the necessary condition that the double spinning projectile generates stable conical motion under the action of cubic static moment; starting from pneumatic nonlinearity, the necessary condition that the double spinning projectile generates stable conical swing under the action of the cubic static moment is obtained, so that the reason that the generated attack angle is not attenuated and even the flight instability phenomenon is caused under the action of the nonlinear static moment is pointed out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of analysis of angular motion characteristics of double spinning bullets, in particular to a method for analyzing the angular motion characteristics of pneumatic nonlinearity of the double spinning bullets.
Background
The rapid development of conventional projectile guidance technology is fueled by the tremendous demand in modern warfare for high-precision, low-cost, beyond-the-horizon, small collateral damage guided munitions. Aiming at the characteristic of high rotating speed of the rotation stabilization projectile, the duck rudder component is adopted to replace an original ammunition fuse to form a 'double-rotation' structure, and then the intelligent and flexible transformation of the rotation stabilization projectile is realized.
However, the double-spin projectile dynamics has the characteristics of strong coupling and strong nonlinearity, and meanwhile, the structural change and the introduction of a control system make a plurality of nonlinear motion phenomena of the projectile difficult to analyze and explain by using the theory of a linear system. The nonlinear characteristics severely restrict the application of the double-spin ammunition in the development of weaponry. Therefore, the method has important theoretical research value and engineering application significance for the research of the nonlinear dynamics analysis of the spinning projectile.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for analyzing the pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion characteristic of a double spinning projectile, and a necessary condition that the double spinning projectile generates stable conical oscillation under the action of cubic static moment is obtained by adopting an angular motion quasi-linear analysis method based on an averaging method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for analyzing the characteristic of the pneumatic nonlinear angular motion of a spinning projectile comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing the speed omega of the double spinning projectile relative to the attack angle alpha, the sideslip angle beta and the pitch anglezYaw rate ωyThe non-linear angular motion equation of (1);
step two: determining a nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the spinning projectile according to the nonlinear angular motion equation established in the step one;
step three: converting the stability analysis of the nonlinear complex attack angle equation solution into the analysis of the corresponding homogeneous equation solution;
step four: determining an amplitude plane equation of the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment;
step five: determining the necessary condition of stable conical motion generated by the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment.
Preferably, in the first step:
selecting x ═ alpha beta omegaz ωy]TAccording to Newton's second law and momentum moment theorem, the equation of the nonlinear angular motion of the double spinning projectile is obtained as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
wherein ρ, S, L, g,m is air density, characteristic area of the double spinning projectile, characteristic length of the double spinning projectile, gravity acceleration of the double spinning projectile, pitch angle of the double spinning projectile, mass of the double spinning projectile, Jy=Jz,JyAnd JzAre equatorial moments of inertia, JxIs the polar moment of inertia;andrespectively representing the lift force, the static moment, the damping moment, the Magnus moment and the control moment generated by the attack angle.
Preferably, in the second step:
consider mΔNon-linearly induced conical motion, selectingThe complex variables delta beta + i alpha and delta are defined by a complex analysis method in Murphy stability theoryy+iδzEliminating ω from formula (1)z、ωyAnd the derivative thereof, the nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the spinning projectile is obtained as follows:
wherein H is cΔ-mΩDamping characteristics characterizing angular movement, M ═ MΔ+mΩcΔDetermines the frequency of angular movement, T ═ mω/P+cΔMiddle mωWhich is a magnus moment, affects the stability of the angular movement.
Preferably, in the third step:
m is expressed as M ═ M0+M2Δ2Δ ═ Δ |, the stability of the solution of equation (2) from the ordinary differential equation is determined by its corresponding solution of the homogeneous equation:
preferably, in step four:
let the two-circle motion form of the solution of the formula (3) be:
defining a damping factor lambdai:
Substituting the formula (4) and the formula (5) into the formula (3) to obtain:
omitting its derivativeWhile omitting a small amount lambda1(λ1+ H) separating the real and imaginary parts of equation (7) to obtain:
obtaining the following by the same method:
the stability problem of the fourth-order system is reduced to the stability problem of the second-order system, and the equations (10) and (11) are combined to construct Amplitude plane equation for coordinate plane:
preferably, in the step five:
here, λ1And λ2The expression is meaningful to satisfy:
at K2<<K1Under the condition (2), the necessary condition for the double-spin projectile to form a conical motion is thatWith only one singular point on the axisThe singularity should be a zero damping factor curve lambda10 andintersection of axes, let λ1Obtaining when the yield is 0:
for normal flying positive spin double spin ammunition, there is P>0,H>0, then singular pointThe following constraints should be satisfied:
to make coordinate changesMoving the origin of the coordinate system to an odd point, performing coordinate transformation by the equation (12), and substituting the coordinate transformation into the equations (13) and (14) to obtain a new amplitude plane equation:
The criterion of Lyapunov stability is known, when a1<0,d1<0, equilibrium point (0,0) is stable; the requirements for obtaining stable conic motion of double spin elasticity by combining the formulas (15) and (17) are as follows:
all in oneWhen deriving theThe requirements for stable conical motion of the double spin projectile are as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
has the advantages that:
(1) the invention starts from pneumatic nonlinearity, obtains the necessary condition that the bispin bomb generates stable conical swing under the action of cubic static moment, thereby indicating the reasons that the generated attack angle is not attenuated and even the flight instability phenomenon is caused under the action of nonlinear static moment, and having guiding significance for the structure and pneumatic design of the bispin bomb.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.
The embodiment provides a method for analyzing pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion characteristics of a double-spinning projectile, and the method is based on an angular motion quasi-linear analysis method of an averaging method, so that the necessary condition that the double-spinning projectile generates stable conical swing under the action of cubic static moment is obtained.
The analysis method mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing the speed omega of the double spinning projectile relative to the attack angle alpha, the sideslip angle beta and the pitch anglezYaw rate ωyThe non-linear angular motion equation of (1);
to characterize angular motion, assume linear velocity V of the dual spinning projectile and rotational velocity ω of the rear bodyxSelecting x ═ alpha beta omega as slow variablez ωy]TIs the state quantity of the nonlinear angular motion of the double spinning projectile, and alpha and beta are relative to V and omega in the stable flying process of the double spinning projectilexThe fast variable is a small variable (when the attack angle and the sideslip angle are small, they can be approximated in the derivation process, that is, sin (α) ═ α, sin (β) ═ β, cos (α) ═ 1, cos (β) ═ 1), and the magnus force and the control surface control force are smaller than the aerodynamic force generated by the attack angle by two or more orders (i.e., the influence of the magnus force and the control surface control force on the angular motion of the double-spinning projectile can be ignored), so that the equation of the double-spinning projectile nonlinear angular motion can be obtained according to the second newton's law and the theorem of the moment of momentum as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
wherein ρ, S, L, g,m is air density, characteristic area of the double spinning projectile, characteristic length of the double spinning projectile, gravity acceleration of the double spinning projectile, pitch angle of the double spinning projectile and mass of the double spinning projectile respectively, JyAnd JzAre equatorial moments of inertia, J is due to the axial symmetry of the double spin projectiley=Jz,JxIs the polar moment of inertia;
andrespectively representing a lift force, a static moment, a damping moment, a Magnus moment and a control moment generated by an attack angle;
step two: determining a nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the double spinning projectile;
for convenience of theoretical analysis, for the equation of the nonlinear angular motion of the double-spinning projectile described by the formula (21), the present embodiment mainly performs analysis on the phenomenon of the nonlinear motion of the double-spinning projectile from the pneumatic nonlinearity, and for the pneumatic nonlinearity, because the moment applied to the double-spinning projectile plays a dominant role in the angular motion, the cubic static moment applied to the double-spinning projectile is considered in a critical manner;
introducing horizontal ballistic assumptions, i.e. selectionDefining complex variables by using a complex analysis method in Murphy stability theoryThe quantities Δ β + i α and δy+iδzWherein, deltazFor pitching rudder deflection angle, deltayFor yaw rudder angle, the ω is eliminated from the equation (21)z、ωyAnd the derivative thereof, the nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the spinning projectile is obtained as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,andspecifying the first and second derivatives of a complex-defining variable Δ, respectively, H ═ cΔ-mΩH characterizes the damping characteristic of angular motion, M ═ MΔ+mΩcΔM determines the frequency of the angular movement, T ═ Mω/P+cΔT is related to the Magnus moment (m)ωMagnus moments) that affect the stability of angular motion;
step three: converting the stability analysis of the nonlinear complex attack angle equation solution into the analysis of the corresponding homogeneous equation solution;
considering that the solution of the homogeneous equation is equivalent to the stability characterized by the solution of the nonlinear complex attack angle equation, and the solution of the homogeneous equation is easier to solve, meanwhile, the embodiment considers the influence of the cubic static moment on the angular motion, and M can be expressed as M ═ M0+M2Δ2Wherein M is0Is a linear term of moment, M2For a non-linear term of moment, Δ ═ Δ |, as can be derived from the knowledge of ordinary differential equations, the stability of the solution of equation (22) can be determined by its corresponding solution of the following homogeneous equation:
step four: determining an amplitude plane equation of the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment;
since the amplitude reflects the magnitude of the angular motion, let the form of the two-circle motion of the solution of equation (23) be:
defining a damping factor lambdai:
substituting the formula (24) or (25) into the formula (23) to obtain:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,andare each lambdai,λi,Anda first derivative with respect to time;andis composed ofAnda second derivative with respect to time;
due to lambda1Slowly changing, omitting its derivativesWhile omitting a small amount lambda1(λ1+ H) separating the real and imaginary parts of equation (27) to obtain:
the same can get:
the stability problem of the fourth-order system is reduced to that of the second-order system, and combined with the equations (30) and (31), the system can be constructed toAmplitude plane equation for coordinate plane:
step five: determining the necessary condition that the double spinning projectile generates stable conical motion under the action of cubic static moment;
for the motion stability of the double spinning projectile, only the mode K of the two-circle motion is required1、K2If the double-spin projectile does not diverge, the motion is stable, and when the double-spin projectile makes two-circle motion, the mode K of two partial motions of the complex attack angle delta1、K2With K1<<K2Or K2<<K1Without setting K2<<K1(ii) a On the other hand, in the prior art, two angular movement frequenciesAndgenerally, the difference is large, and the present embodiment will be rightAndrespectively discussing;
here, λ1And λ2The expression is meaningful to satisfy:
at K2<<K1Under the condition (2), the necessary condition for the double-spin projectile to form a conical motion is thatWith only one singular point on the axisKeFor the final convergence of the conic motion of the spinning projectile, the singularity should be the zero damping factor curve λ10 andintersection of axes, let λ10 can result in:
for normal flying positive spin double spin ammunition, there is P>0,H>0, then singular pointThe following constraints should be satisfied:
for ease of discussion, coordinate changes are madeMoving the origin of the coordinate system to an odd point, performing coordinate transformation by the equation (12), and substituting the coordinate transformation into the equations (13) and (14) to obtain a new amplitude plane equation:
The criterion of Lyapunov stability is known, when a1<0,d1<0, equilibrium point (0,0) is stable; the requirements for obtaining stable conic motion of double spin can be obtained by combining the formulas (35) and (37):
all in oneWhen deriving theThe requirements for stable conical motion of the double spin projectile are as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in summary, the equations (39) and (40) constitute the requirement for stabilizing the conical motion of the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for analyzing the pneumatic nonlinear angular motion characteristics of a spinning projectile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing the speed omega of the double spinning projectile relative to the attack angle alpha, the sideslip angle beta and the pitch anglezYaw rate ωyThe non-linear angular motion equation of (1);
step two: determining a nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the spinning projectile according to the nonlinear angular motion equation established in the step one;
step three: converting the stability analysis of the nonlinear complex attack angle equation solution into the analysis of the corresponding homogeneous equation solution;
step four: determining an amplitude plane equation of the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment;
step five: determining the necessary condition of stable conical motion generated by the double spinning projectile under the action of the cubic static moment.
2. The method for analyzing the characteristic of the pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion of the spinning projectile as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the first step:
selecting x ═ alpha beta omegaz ωy]TAccording to Newton's second law and momentum moment theorem, the equation of the nonlinear angular motion of the double spinning projectile is obtained as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
wherein ρ, S, L, g, θ and m are respectively air density, characteristic area of the double-spinning projectile, characteristic length of the double-spinning projectile, gravitational acceleration of the double-spinning projectile, pitch angle of the double-spinning projectile, mass of the double-spinning projectile, and Jy=Jz,JyAnd JzAre equatorial moments of inertia, JxIs the polar moment of inertia;andrespectively representing the lift force, the static moment, the damping moment, the Magnus moment and the control moment generated by the attack angle.
3. The method for analyzing the characteristic of the pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion of the spinning projectile as set forth in claim 2, wherein in the second step:
consider mΔSelecting theta as 0 degree, and defining complex variables delta as beta + i alpha and delta as delta by using a complex analysis method in Murphy stability theoryy+iδzEliminating ω from formula (1)z、ωyAnd the derivative thereof, the nonlinear complex attack angle equation of the spinning projectile is obtained as follows:
wherein H is cΔ-mΩDamping characteristics characterizing angular movement, M ═ MΔ+mΩcΔDetermines the frequency of angular movement, T ═ mω/P+cΔMiddle mωWhich is a magnus moment, affects the stability of the angular movement.
4. A method for analyzing the characteristics of the pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion of a spinning projectile as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the third step is:
m is expressed as M ═ M0+M2Δ2Δ ═ Δ |, the stability of the solution of equation (2) from the ordinary differential equation is determined by its corresponding solution of the homogeneous equation:
5. the method for analyzing the characteristics of the pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion of the spinning projectile as recited in claim 4, wherein in the fourth step:
let the two-circle motion form of the solution of the formula (3) be:
defining a damping factor lambdai:
Substituting the formula (4) and the formula (5) into the formula (3) to obtain:
omitting its derivativeWhile omitting a small amount lambda1(λ1+ H) separating the real and imaginary parts of equation (7) to obtain:
obtaining the following by the same method:
the stability problem of the fourth-order system is reduced to the stability problem of the second-order system, and the equations (10) and (11) are combined to construct Amplitude plane equation for coordinate plane:
6. the method for analyzing the characteristic of the pneumatic nonlinear lower angular motion of the spinning projectile as set forth in claim 5, wherein in the fifth step:
here, λ1And λ2The expression is meaningful to satisfy:
at K2<<K1Under the condition (2), the necessary condition for the double-spin projectile to form a conical motion is thatWith only one singular point on the axisThe singularity should be a zero damping factor curve lambda10 andintersection of axes, let λ1Obtaining when the yield is 0:
for normal flying positive spin double spin ammunition, there is P>0,H>0, then singular pointThe following constraints should be satisfied:
to make coordinate changesMoving the origin of the coordinate system to an odd point, performing coordinate transformation by the equation (12), and substituting the coordinate transformation into the equations (13) and (14) to obtain a new amplitude plane equation:
The criterion of Lyapunov stability is known, when a1<0,d1<0, equilibrium point (0,0) is stable; the requirements for obtaining stable conic motion of double spin elasticity by combining the formulas (15) and (17) are as follows:
all in oneWhen deriving theThe requirements for stable conical motion of the double spin projectile are as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
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