CN112324446B - Shield tunneling machine for weak stratum and construction method - Google Patents
Shield tunneling machine for weak stratum and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112324446B CN112324446B CN202011061972.3A CN202011061972A CN112324446B CN 112324446 B CN112324446 B CN 112324446B CN 202011061972 A CN202011061972 A CN 202011061972A CN 112324446 B CN112324446 B CN 112324446B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000006506 Brasenia schreberi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000267222 Brasenia schreberi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0671—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end with means for consolidating the rock in front of the shield by injection of consolidating substances through boreholes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a shield machine for a weak stratum and a construction method, wherein the shield machine comprises a shield machine body, an annular guide rail mechanism is fixed at a middle shield position in the shield machine body, the guide rail mechanism is connected with a traveling mechanism, the traveling mechanism can move along the guide rail mechanism, the traveling mechanism is provided with a drilling grouting machine, a power mechanism of the drilling grouting machine is connected with a drill rod, a grouting channel for the drill rod to pass through is arranged on a shell of the shield machine body, and a grout stopping piece is fixed at the grouting channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a shield machine for a weak stratum and a construction method.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The shield tunnel construction technology is rapidly developed in various engineering practices due to the high construction speed, low construction cost and safe tunneling process. In the shield method construction process, a weak stratum is often encountered, the settlement is difficult to control due to poor stability of the weak stratum, the capability of the surrounding existing building for resisting the deformation of the earth surface in the weak stratum is weak, if the deformation of the stratum is improperly controlled, the stability of a tunnel and the normal use of the surrounding building are affected, and especially when the building passes through the old building or a structure sensitive to deformation, pretreatment measures are required. At present, a muddy water balanced type shield machine is often adopted for treating the weak stratum at home and abroad, soil pressure is balanced by adjusting tunneling parameters, excavation disturbance is reduced to ensure construction safety, the construction cost of the muddy water shield machine is high, and a mud treatment system needs to occupy a large amount of land; in addition, the opening rate of the cutter head can be reduced by changing the structural form and parameters of the cutter head, although the applicability of the shield tunneling machine to a soft stratum is improved, the applicability of the mode to a stratum with uneven hardness is poor, and the disturbance resistance of the stratum cannot be changed fundamentally; the advance grouting reinforcement from the earth surface can directly improve the stratum condition and overcome the defects of the two treatment measures, but the inventor finds that the advance grouting reinforcement is difficult to apply when the tunnel is buried deeply or the ground does not have the grouting condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides the shield machine for the weak stratum, has low transformation cost and convenient construction, can perform advanced reinforcement from multiple directions, improves the mechanical property parameters of the soil body, and increases the stability of the weak stratum.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shield machine for a weak stratum, including a shield machine body, wherein an annular guide rail mechanism is fixed at a middle shield position in the shield machine body, the guide rail mechanism is connected with a traveling mechanism, the traveling mechanism can move along the guide rail mechanism, the traveling mechanism is provided with a drilling grouting machine, a power mechanism of the drilling grouting machine is connected with a drill rod, a casing of the shield machine body is provided with a grouting channel for the drill rod to pass through, and a grout stop member is fixed at the grouting channel.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where a casing of the drilling grouting machine is hinged to a traveling mechanism, the traveling mechanism is hinged to one end of a swing driving member, the swing driving member is installed in an installation groove formed in the traveling mechanism, the other end of the swing driving member is hinged to the casing of the drilling grouting machine, and the swing driving member can drive the drilling grouting machine to rotate, so as to adjust a direction of a drill rod.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the rail mechanism includes a first rail and a second rail that are annularly arranged in parallel, the traveling mechanism is capable of moving along the first rail and the second rail, a plurality of cross beams are disposed between the first rail and the second rail, each cross beam is provided with a duct, the traveling mechanism is provided with a telescopic part, and a telescopic part of the telescopic part is capable of extending into the duct, so as to fix the traveling mechanism on the rail mechanism.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the traveling mechanism includes a chassis, two sides of the chassis are respectively connected to a first traveling wheel and a second traveling wheel, the first traveling wheel is in contact with outer arc surfaces of the first steel rail and the second steel rail, and the second traveling wheel is in contact with inner arc surfaces of the first steel rail and the second steel rail.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and third traveling wheels are further disposed on two sides of the chassis, and the third traveling wheels are in contact with outer side surfaces of the first rail and the second rail.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein a travel driving member is fixed to the chassis, an output shaft of the travel driving member is fixedly connected to a gear, and the gear is engaged with a rack fixed to the guide rail mechanism.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the grout stopping member includes a base and a plugging plug made of a flexible material, the plugging plug includes a fixing portion wrapped and fixed on an outer peripheral surface of the base, an outer side surface of the fixing portion is fixed to a hole wall of the grouting channel, a plugging portion is fixed at one end of the fixing portion, the fixing portion is provided with a first through hole for a drill rod to pass through, the plugging portion is provided with a second through hole concentric with the first through hole and having a diameter smaller than a diameter of the grouting anchor rod, the drill rod can pass through the base and the plugging portion through the first through hole and the second through hole, and the plugging portion can be separated from an end surface of the base to form a tapered plugging surface.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a stopping mechanism is further fixed on an inner side surface of a shell of the shield tunneling machine body at the grouting passage, and the stopping mechanism can be opened under the action of a drill rod along an axis direction of the drill rod, so that the drill rod extends out of the shell of the shield tunneling machine body, and can be closed when the drill rod leaves, so as to prevent soil from entering the shield tunneling machine body.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the stopping mechanism includes a first fixing seat and a second fixing seat fixedly connected to an inner side surface of a housing of the shield tunneling machine body, the first fixing seat is elastically connected to a first stopper, the second fixing seat is elastically connected to a second stopper, the first stopper and the second stopper can block the grouting channel, and an end surface of the second stopper facing the first stopper and an axis of the second stopper form an included angle, so that a space for a drill rod to extend into between the first stopper and the second stopper can be formed when the first stopper and the second stopper are in contact with each other.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the construction method of the shield machine described in the first aspect, wherein when the shield machine body is driven to reach a position where advanced reinforcement needs to be performed, the traveling mechanism moves along the guide rail mechanism to drive the drilling grouting machine to move to a set position, the drilling grouting machine drives the drill rod to extend out of the grouting channel and the grout stopping member, a hole is drilled in a soil body around the tunnel face, after the hole is drilled, the drilling grouting machine performs grouting to reinforce the soil body, after the grouting reinforcement is completed, the drilling grouting machine drives the drill rod to retract into the shield machine body, the traveling mechanism drives the drilling grouting machine to move along the guide rail mechanism, the grouting reinforcement at the next position is performed by the same method, and the shield machine body continues to be driven until the grouting reinforcement is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the shield machine meets a weak stratum, the soil body around the tunnel face can be directly subjected to drilling grouting reinforcement by using the drilling grouting machine from the interior of the shield machine, so that the soil body of the weak stratum is subjected to advanced reinforcement, the stability of the stratum is ensured, the influence on the stability of a tunnel and the normal use of surrounding buildings is avoided, and compared with the ground advanced grouting reinforcement, the shield machine is not limited by the conditions such as tunnel depth and the like, and has high reinforcement efficiency.
2. According to the shield machine, the drilling grouting machine is arranged on the travelling mechanism, the travelling mechanism can move along the annular guide rail mechanism, the position of the drilling grouting machine can be accurately positioned, the grouting reinforcement range is close to 360 degrees, and the reinforcement of the whole section can be completed.
3. According to the shield machine, the stop mechanism is arranged on the inner side surface of the shield machine body shell at the grouting channel, the stop mechanism can ensure that soil does not enter the shield machine body when the shield machine head is smoothly pushed, soil disturbance is avoided, and the grouting channel is provided with the grout stop piece, so that grout can be ensured not to flow back into the shield machine body when grouting reinforcement is carried out.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly of a traveling mechanism and a rail mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a travel mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the drilling grouting machine and the chassis in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a drill pipe passing through a grouting passage according to embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a grout stopping member in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a state in which a drill pipe passes through a grout stop in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a closed state of a shut-off mechanism in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an open state of a cut-off mechanism in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the shield tunneling machine comprises a shield tunneling machine body 1, a guide rail mechanism 2, a traveling mechanism 3, a drilling grouting machine 4, a support 5, a fixed beam 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a grouting channel 8 and a stopping mechanism 9, wherein the shield tunneling machine body is provided with a guide rail mechanism;
2-1, a first steel rail, 2-2, a second steel rail, 2-3, a cross beam and 2-4, a pore channel;
3-1, a chassis, 3-2, a first travelling wheel, 3-3, a first connecting shaft, 3-4, a second connecting shaft, 3-5, a second travelling wheel, 3-6, a third connecting shaft, 3-7, a third travelling wheel, 3-8, a gear, 3-9, a rack and 3-10, a telescopic piece;
4-1 drill rod, 4-2 drill bit, 4-3 power system, 4-4 first pipeline, 4-5 second pipeline, 4-6 grouting valve, 4-7 water injection pipeline, 4-8 water injection valve, 4-9 drilling fluid pipeline, and 4-10 drilling fluid valve;
8-1 parts of a base, 8-2 parts of a fixing part, 8-3 parts of a blocking part, 8-4 parts of a reinforcing part, 8-5 parts of a first through hole, and 8-6 parts of a second through hole;
9-1, a first fixed seat, 9-2, a second fixed seat, 9-3, a first spring, 9-4, a first stop block, 9-5, a second spring, and 9-6, a second stop block;
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As introduced by the background technology, the ground advanced grouting reinforcement is adopted when the weak stratum is met at present, and the shield machine is difficult to apply when the tunnel is buried deeply or the ground does not have grouting conditions.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1-2, a shield machine for a weak stratum includes a shield machine body 1, the shield machine body may adopt an existing shield machine structure, including a cutter head, a front shield, a middle shield, a shield tail, and the like, and the specific structure thereof is not described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, an annular guide rail mechanism 2 is installed at a middle shield position of the shield tunneling machine body, the guide rail mechanism includes an annular first steel rail 2-1 and an annular second steel rail 2-2, the first steel rail and the second steel rail are arranged in parallel, bottom ends of the first steel rail and the second steel rail are fixed with a fixed beam 6, and the first steel rail and the second steel rail are fixedly connected with a support 5 fixed in the middle shield position of the shield tunneling machine body through the fixed beam.
A plurality of cross beams 2-3 are fixed between the first steel rail and the second steel rail, two ends of each cross beam are fixedly welded with the first steel rail and the second steel rail, and the cross beams are provided with pore channels 2-4.
The first steel rail and the second steel rail are connected with a travelling mechanism 3, the travelling mechanism comprises a chassis 3-1, and two first travelling wheels and two second travelling wheels are arranged at the front end and the rear end of each of two sides of the chassis.
Specifically, two first travelling wheel rotating shafts are fixed at the front end and the rear end of each of two sides of the chassis, the first travelling wheel rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the first travelling wheels 3-2, the first travelling wheels on one side are in contact with the outer arc surfaces of the first steel rails, the first travelling wheels on the other side are in contact with the outer arc surfaces of the second steel rails, the two first travelling wheel rotating shafts at the front end are connected through a first connecting shaft 3-3, and the two first travelling wheel rotating shafts at the rear end are connected through a first connecting shaft.
The end part of the first walking wheel rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a second connecting shaft 3-4 vertical to the first walking wheel rotating shaft, one end of the second connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the first walking wheel rotating shaft, the other end of the second connecting shaft is fixedly provided with a second walking wheel rotating shaft parallel to the first walking wheel rotating shaft, the second walking wheel rotating shaft is connected with a second walking wheel 3-5, a second walking wheel positioned on one side of the chassis is in contact with the inner side surface of the first steel rail, a second walking wheel positioned on the other side of the chassis is in contact with the inner arc surface of the second steel rail, the limit of the walking mechanism in the radial direction of the first steel rail and the second steel rail is realized through the first walking wheel and the second walking wheel, and the two second walking wheel rotating shafts positioned on the same end of the chassis are connected through a third connecting shaft 3-6.
The second connecting shaft is rotatably connected with third travelling wheels 3-7, the third travelling wheels on two sides of the chassis are respectively contacted with the outer side surfaces of the first steel rail and the second steel rail, the limit of the travelling mechanism in the axial direction of the first steel rail and the second steel rail is realized, the stable travelling of the travelling mechanism on the first steel rail and the second steel rail is realized through the first travelling wheels, the second travelling wheels and the third travelling wheels, and derailment is avoided.
The bottom surface of the chassis is provided with a walking driving part, the walking driving part in the embodiment adopts a driving motor, a motor shell of the driving motor is fixed on the bottom surface of the chassis, an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with gears 3-8, the gears are meshed with racks 3-9, and the racks are of annular structures and are welded and fixed with the plurality of cross beams.
It will be appreciated that the travel drive may also employ a hydraulic motor or other power element, provided that it is capable of outputting rotational motion.
In this embodiment, the number of the racks is two, and correspondingly, the two sets of the traveling driving members and the two sets of the gears are arranged on the chassis, so that the power of the traveling mechanism is enhanced.
The walking driving part can drive the gear to rotate, and the chassis can move along the first steel rail and the second steel rail through the first walking wheel, the second walking wheel and the third walking wheel under the meshing action of the gear and the rack.
The bottom surface of the chassis is also provided with telescopic parts 3-10, in the embodiment, the telescopic parts can adopt electric telescopic rods, cylinders or linear motors and the like, as long as the telescopic parts can output linear motion, and the telescopic parts of the telescopic parts can extend into the pore channels arranged on the cross beam, so that the walking mechanism and the guide rail mechanism are locked and fixed.
As shown in fig. 5, a drilling grouting machine 4 is mounted on the upper surface of the chassis, the drilling grouting machine can be an existing drilling grouting machine and comprises a power system and a drill rod 4-1, a drill bit 4-2 is arranged at the end of the drill rod, the power system 4-3 is mounted inside the shell, and the power system of the existing drilling grouting machine can be adopted, the specific structure of the drilling grouting machine is not described in detail, the drill rod is a hollow pipe structure made of seamless steel pipes, the end of the drill rod is provided with a plurality of grouting holes which are arranged in a quincunx shape and used for enabling grout to flow into the drill hole, the drill rod is respectively connected with grout outlets of two grouting pumps through a first grouting pump pipeline 4-4 and a second grouting pump pipeline 4-5, grout inlets of the two grouting pumps are respectively connected with a grout source and a grout source B through grouting pipelines, and grouting valves 4-6 are further respectively arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the drilling rod is further connected with a water injection pipeline 4-7, the water injection pipeline is connected with a water source through a water injection pump, a water injection valve 4-8 is arranged on the water injection pipeline, the drilling rod is further connected with a drilling fluid pipeline 4-9, the drilling fluid pipeline is connected with the drilling fluid source through a drilling fluid pump, and a drilling fluid valve 4-10 is arranged on the drilling fluid pipeline.
The slurry source A, the slurry source B, the water source and the drilling fluid source can adopt containing boxes, corresponding liquid is contained in the containing boxes, the containing boxes are arranged inside the shield tunneling machine body, other forms can be adopted, and the shield tunneling machine can meet the working requirements. The setting accelerator with a set amount is added into the slurry to accelerate the solidification of the slurry after grouting and avoid delay of the construction period.
In the embodiment, the drilling grouting machine can realize double-liquid grouting, provides grouting pressure of 0.5-1.0 MPa, and has the advantages that the final pressure control is mainly used for finishing the standard, the drilling grouting machine can be used along with the final pressure control, the functions of cementing and filling gaps are realized on a weak stratum, and the reinforcing function is realized on the weak stratum at the periphery of a tunnel face.
The casing tip of drilling slip casting machine is articulated through articulated seat and chassis for drilling slip casting machine can rotate, adjusts the angle of drilling, the casing of drilling slip casting machine is articulated with the one end of swing driving piece, and the other end of swing driving piece is articulated with the chassis, and in this embodiment, the swing driving piece can adopt pneumatic cylinder or electric telescopic handle or cylinder etc. preferred adoption pneumatic cylinder 7 can bear great load, the cylinder body and the chassis of pneumatic cylinder are articulated, and the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the casing of drilling slip casting machine.
The extension or the contraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder can drive the drilling grouting machine to swing, and further the angle of drilling is adjusted.
In this embodiment, the articulated seat is arranged in the mounting groove formed in the chassis, so that the hydraulic cylinder can be placed in the mounting groove, and the drilling grouting machine can move to a horizontal state.
In this embodiment, the drilling slip casting machine is installed on running gear, and running gear can follow annular guide rail mechanism and move, and accurate location can be realized to the position of drilling slip casting machine, and slip casting reinforcement scope is close 360, can accomplish full sectional reinforcement.
As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of grouting channels 8 are formed in the shells of the shield machine body and the front shield, in this embodiment, the grouting channels are uniformly arranged along the circumference, seven grouting channels are arranged, one grouting channel is arranged at an interval of 45 degrees, an included angle of 15 degrees is formed between the axis of the grouting channel and the axis of the shield machine body, and the cross-sectional size of the grouting channel is slightly larger than that of a drill bit of the drilling grouting machine, so that the drill rod and the drill bit can smoothly extend out of the shell of the shield machine body through the grouting channels.
As shown in fig. 7-8, a grout stopping part 8 is arranged in the grouting channel and used for preventing grout from flowing back into the shield machine body, the grout stopping part comprises a base 8-1 and a plugging plug, the plugging plug is made of flexible materials, preferably, the plugging plug is made of rubber materials and comprises an annular fixing part 8-2, the inner side surface of the fixing part is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral surface of the base in a wrapping mode, a plugging part 8-3 in contact with the end surface of one side of the base is arranged at one end of the fixing part, a reinforcing part 8-4 fixed with the end surface of one side of the base is arranged at the other end of the fixing part, the base is fixedly connected with the reinforcing part and the fixing part, and the outer side surface of the fixing part is fixed on the hole wall of the grouting channel.
The central point of base is provided with first through-hole 8-5, the diameter of first through-hole slightly is greater than the size of slip casting stock and drill bit for slip casting stock and drill bit can pass through smoothly, the central point of shutoff portion is provided with 8-6 with the endocentric second through-hole of first through-hole, the diameter of second through-hole is less than the diameter of slip casting stock, and when slip casting stock and drill bit passed the shutoff portion through the second through-hole, can make the shutoff portion produce the deformation, forms conical shutoff face, prevents that the interior thick liquids of drilling from flowing back into inside the shield structure machine body.
As shown in fig. 9-10, a stopping mechanism 9 is further arranged at a position, located at the grouting channel, of the inner side surface of the shell of the shield tunneling machine body, when the drill rod does not extend out, the stopping mechanism can close the grouting channel, so that a soil body does not enter the shield tunneling machine body when the shield tunneling machine head is smoothly pushed, soil body disturbance is avoided, when the drill rod moves in the direction of the axis of the drill rod to extend out, the stopping mechanism can be acted on, the stopping mechanism is opened, and the drill rod is enabled to extend out of the shell of the shield tunneling machine body.
The stopping mechanism comprises a first fixed seat 9-1 and a second fixed seat 9-2 which are fixed on the inner side surface of the shell of the shield tunneling machine body, the first fixed seat is elastically connected with a first stop block 9-4 through a first spring 9-3, the second fixed seat is elastically connected with a second stop block 9-6 through a second spring 9-5, and the first stop block and the second stop block can block the grouting channel.
The second dog is used for being the acute angle setting with the axis slope of the terminal surface of the tip of first dog contact and second dog, and the acute angle size and slip casting passageway for when first dog and second dog contact, have the space that is used for the drilling rod to stretch into between first dog and the second dog, make the drilling rod can be smooth promote first dog and second dog separately, realize that the slip casting stock passes stop mechanism.
When the grouting anchor rod is retracted into the shield machine body, the first stop block and the second stop block are in contact under the action of the spring, and the grouting channel is blocked.
The shield constructs machine of this embodiment, when meetting weak stratum, can directly utilize the drilling slip casting machine to carry out drilling slip casting from the shield constructs the peripheral soil body of machine inside to the face and consolidates, and then carries out the slip casting to the soil body in weak stratum and consolidate, has guaranteed the stability in stratum, has avoided influencing the stability in tunnel and the normal use of surrounding building, compares with the advance slip casting of ground simultaneously, does not receive the restriction of conditions such as tunnel depth, consolidates efficiently.
The drilling rod can also be connected with an anchor rod in a threaded manner, after drilling, the drilling rod is connected with the anchor rod, the drilling rod and the anchor rod stretch into a soil body, after grouting is completed, the drilling rod and the anchor rod are separated by utilizing the reverse rotation of a drilling grouting machine, and then the anchor rod is left in the soil body, so that the advanced anchor rod support on the periphery of a tunnel face is carried out.
In this embodiment, swing driving piece, extensible member, walking driving piece, drilling grouting machine, supporting grouting pump, water injection pump, drilling liquid pump and relevant valve all are connected with control system, are controlled its work by control system, have realized automated operation, have reduced constructor's intensity of labour.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses a construction method of a shield machine for a weak stratum, which comprises the following steps:
and manufacturing a drill bit and a grouting anchor rod according to requirements, configuring a grout material, and connecting corresponding grouting pipelines according to design requirements.
The shield machine body tunnels, when the shield machine body reaches a position needing advanced reinforcement, the control system controls the walking driving piece to work, under the meshing action of the gear and the rack, the walking mechanism moves on the first steel rail and the second steel rail, after the walking mechanism moves to a set construction position, the control system controls the telescopic piece to work, and the telescopic part of the telescopic piece extends into a pore channel of the cross beam to complete locking and fixing of the walking mechanism and the guide rail mechanism.
At the moment, the control system controls the swing driving piece to work, so that the drill rod moves to a set angle, the drilling grouting machine works to drive the drill rod to move along the axis direction of the drill rod, when the drill bit touches the first stop block and the second stop block, the first stop block and the second stop block are driven to do separation movement, the drill rod passes through the first stop block and the second stop block, the drilling grouting machine penetrates through the base and the plugging part of the plugging plug through the first through hole and the second through hole, the plugging part is deformed to form a conical plugging surface, a power system of the drilling grouting machine drives the drill rod to move along the axis direction of the drilling grouting machine, and simultaneously, the drill bit and the drill rod rotate together, drilling the soil around the tunnel face, opening the drilling liquid valve and the drilling liquid pump while drilling, and (4) carrying out drilling operation with the aid of drilling fluid until the drill bit enters the stratum for 3m, stopping drilling, closing a drilling fluid valve, and closing a drilling fluid pump.
The method comprises the steps of opening a water injection pump and a water injection valve, injecting water into a drill rod for about one minute, enabling the water injection pressure to be larger than the set grouting pressure, closing the water injection valve and the water injection pump if the water injection is normal, preparing for grouting operation, checking the sealing performance of elements such as the drill rod and a grouting pipeline connected with the drill rod if the water injection is abnormal, and starting grouting operation until the normal time.
And opening a grouting valve and a grouting pump, injecting the grout A and the grout B into the drill rod at the pressure of 0.5-1 Mpa, allowing the grout to flow into the stratum through the grout holes, grouting and reinforcing the weak stratum, plugging the grout in the backflow process, and stopping grouting after the grouting pressure and the grouting amount meet set requirements.
After grouting is completed, the power system of the drilling grouting machine drives the drill rod to be withdrawn inside the shield machine body, the pipeline connected with the grouting pump is transferred to a clean water tank, the grouting pump drives clean water to flow in the grouting pipeline, the first pipeline and the second pipeline and the drill rod, and residual slurry in the drill rod and the pipeline is cleaned by the clean water, so that the slurry is prevented from being solidified, and subsequent grouting work is influenced.
After the grouting work of a point position is finished, the telescopic part of the telescopic part is retracted, the control system controls the walking driving part to move to the next set position, grouting reinforcement is carried out by the same method until all set positions of a section are finished with advanced grouting reinforcement, the walking mechanism is moved to the lower part of the guide rail mechanism, the driving part is swung to drive the drilling grouting machine to be in a horizontal state, a space is reserved for other construction of the shield machine, and the shield machine body tunnels the distance (about 0.5 m) of a half arc plate to carry out grouting reinforcement on the next section.
In this embodiment, utilize the drilling rod drilling to finish the back, can also withdraw the drilling rod inside the shield body, connecting the stock with drilling rod end connection, drilling grouting machine work stretches into drilling rod and stock in the drilling, the stock inserts in the soil body, then carry out the slip casting, the back is accomplished in the slip casting, the driving system of drilling grouting machine drives the drilling rod reversal, make drilling rod and stock separation, the drilling rod is withdrawn inside the shield machine body, the stock is stayed in the soil body, accomplish advance stock support construction, the stratum reinforcing effect is better.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a shield constructs machine for weak stratum, includes the shield structure machine body, its characterized in that, this internal well shield position department of shield structure machine is fixed with annular guide rail mechanism, and guide rail mechanism is connected with running gear, and running gear can follow guide rail mechanism and remove, and running gear installs the drilling slip casting machine, and the power unit of drilling slip casting machine is connected with the drilling rod, is equipped with the slip casting passageway that is used for the drilling rod to pass on the shell of shield structure machine body, and slip casting passageway department is fixed with only the thick liquid piece, the shield structure machine body shell medial surface of slip casting passageway department still is fixed with stop mechanism, and stop mechanism can open under the effect of drilling rod along its axis direction to can close when the drilling rod leaves.
2. The shield machine for weak ground as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing of the drilling and grouting machine is hinged to a traveling mechanism, the traveling mechanism is hinged to one end of a swing driving member, the swing driving member is installed in a mounting groove formed in the traveling mechanism, the other end of the swing driving member is hinged to the casing of the drilling and grouting machine, and the swing driving member can drive the drilling and grouting machine to rotate, thereby adjusting the direction of the drill rod.
3. The shield tunneling machine for a weak ground according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail mechanism includes a first rail and a second rail arranged in parallel and in an annular shape, the traveling mechanism is capable of moving along the first rail and the second rail, a plurality of beams are provided between the first rail and the second rail, the beams are provided with openings, the traveling mechanism is provided with a telescopic member, and a telescopic portion of the telescopic member is capable of extending into the openings.
4. The shield tunneling machine for the weak ground as claimed in claim 3, wherein the traveling mechanism comprises a chassis, a first traveling wheel and a second traveling wheel are respectively connected to both sides of the chassis, the first traveling wheel is in contact with the outer arc surfaces of the first steel rail and the second steel rail, and the second traveling wheel is in contact with the inner arc surfaces of the first steel rail and the second steel rail.
5. The shield tunneling machine for a weak ground according to claim 4, wherein third traveling wheels are further provided on both sides of the chassis, and the third traveling wheels are in contact with the outer side surfaces of the first and second rails.
6. The shield tunneling machine for weak ground as claimed in claim 4, wherein a traveling drive is fixed to the chassis, an output shaft of the traveling drive is fixedly connected to a gear, and the gear is engaged with a rack fixed to a guide rail mechanism.
7. The shield tunneling machine for the weak stratum according to claim 1, wherein the grout stopping piece comprises a base and a plugging plug made of a flexible material, the plugging plug comprises a fixing part wrapped and fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the base, the outer side surface of the fixing part is fixed with the hole wall of the grouting channel, a plugging part is fixed at one end of the fixing part, the fixing part is provided with a first through hole for a drill rod to pass through, the plugging part is provided with a second through hole which is concentric with the first through hole and has a diameter smaller than that of the drill rod, and the drill rod can pass through the base and the plugging part through the first through hole and the second through hole and can separate the plugging part from the end surface of the base to form a conical plugging surface.
8. The shield tunneling machine for the weak stratum according to claim 1, wherein the stopping mechanism comprises a first fixing seat and a second fixing seat fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the shell of the shield tunneling machine body, the first fixing seat is elastically connected with a first stop block, the second fixing seat is elastically connected with a second stop block, the first stop block and the second stop block can block the grouting channel, and the end surface of the second stop block facing the first stop block is arranged at an included angle with the axis of the second stop block, so that a space for the grouting anchor rod to extend into the space between the first stop block and the second stop block can be formed when the first stop block and the second stop block are in contact.
9. A construction method of a shield machine for weak stratum according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, when the shield machine body is driven to advance reinforcement position, the running mechanism moves along the guide rail mechanism to drive the drilling grouting machine to move to the set position, the drilling grouting machine drives the drill rod to extend out of the grouting channel and the grout stopping piece to drill the soil body around the tunnel face, after drilling, the drilling grouting machine performs grouting to reinforce the soil body, after grouting reinforcement is completed, the drilling grouting machine drives the drill rod to extend into the shield machine body, the running mechanism drives the drilling grouting machine to move along the guide rail mechanism, grouting reinforcement at the next position is performed by the same method, and the shield machine body continues to be driven until grouting reinforcement is completed.
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| CN202011061972.3A CN112324446B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Shield tunneling machine for weak stratum and construction method |
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| CN202011061972.3A CN112324446B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Shield tunneling machine for weak stratum and construction method |
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| CN114017046B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-12-01 | 上海申通地铁集团有限公司 | Synchronous grouting cleaning device for subway shield in muddy soft soil stratum |
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| CN112324446A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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