CN112321219B - Heat-preservation well cementation cement system for dry hot rock production well - Google Patents
Heat-preservation well cementation cement system for dry hot rock production well Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses a cement system for heat preservation and well cementation of a dry hot rock production well, which belongs to the technical field of cement slurry systems and comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-88% of low hydration heat cement or low calcium-silicon ratio cement; 10.5 to 25 percent of high-temperature strength stabilizer; 1-8% of a heat insulation material; 0.5-4% of high-temperature toughening agent, and can effectively improve the stability of high-temperature strength, high toughness and low thermal conductivity of the well cementation cement sheath. The well cementation cement system obtained by the invention can meet the performance requirements of the production well of the dry hot rock on the stability of high-temperature strength, high toughness and low thermal conductivity of the well cementation cement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cement paste systems, in particular to a cement system for heat preservation and well cementation of a dry hot rock production well.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution are increasingly remarkable, and the demand for clean energy is sharply increased. Geothermal resources are regarded as an important resource which can be developed by human beings as a clean, environment-friendly and abundant natural resource. The dry hot rock is one of geothermal resources, is a hot rock body without water or steam, is buried at a depth of 2-6km from the ground surface and has a temperature of about 150 ℃ and 650 ℃. At present, the dry-hot rock is mainly used for power generation, water is injected into an underground dry-hot rock stratum through a deep well, the water permeates into gaps of the rock stratum and absorbs geothermal energy, the water enters a production well after being heated to high temperature, the temperature of the taken water and steam can reach 150 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the water and steam are used for power generation through a heat exchange and ground circulation device; and injecting the cooled water into the underground heat exchange system again through a high-pressure pump for recycling.
Because the hot dry rock has the characteristic of low permeability, a medium injected through a deep well cannot reach a production well by itself, and a thermal reservoir, namely an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS), needs to be constructed in a high-temperature rock body by an artificial method. In an enhanced geothermal system, water is heated to a high temperature and then flows out of a production well, and since the temperature of the high temperature water is higher than that of the wellbore, heat transfer between the water and the wellbore will cause the water temperature to decrease, eventually causing the hot water to be less effective. In order to avoid heat loss of the aqueous medium heated to a high temperature, a good heat insulation effect is required for the well completion system. In addition, the production well temperature is affected by changes in the temperature of the high temperature aqueous medium in addition to the formation temperature. When the temperature of the high-temperature aqueous medium changes, the cement sheath is exposed to a complex thermal stress environment caused by the temperature change.
In addition, the cement sheath is also subjected to a complex thermal stress environment caused by temperature changes. After the well cementation work of the hot dry rock production well is finished, the temperature of the cement sheath is consistent with that of the stratum, and the temperature in the well from top to bottom rises along with the increase of the well depth. After production has begun, the high temperature and high pressure water heated to high temperature by the hot dry rock formation flows from the production well to the surface, the casing and the cement sheath are heated to high temperature by heat transfer, and the cement sheath will face tensile stresses from the axial and circumferential directions at the first interface, and simultaneously face compressive stresses in the radial direction, due to the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the casing and the cement sheath. Therefore, the cement for cementing the dry hot rock production well not only needs to have good construction performance and high-temperature strength stability, but also needs to have low thermal conductivity and high toughness.
At present, the research on a high-temperature well cementation cement slurry system of the hot dry rock is less, and only the construction and the high-temperature resistance of the high-temperature well cementation cement are concerned in the implementation process.
CN201610053575.9 describes a high-temperature well cementation cement slurry for hot and dry rock, which comprises the following components: oil well grade G cement; based on the mass of the oil well G-grade cement as 100 percent: 40-60% strength treating agent; 3-5% of retarder; 3-5% drag reducing agent; 3-5% of fluid loss additive; 0.05-0.1% of defoaming agent; 63-72% of water. Liu Hei bin and the like introduce a high-temperature well cementation cement slurry system in the Qinghai Tonghe basin hot dry rock GR1 well ultra-high temperature well cementation cement slurry technology, and the cement slurry can meet the well cementation requirement of which the circulation temperature is 200 ℃ by preferably selecting a temperature-resistant precipitation loss agent, a high-temperature large-temperature-difference retarder and a high-temperature strength stabilizer.
The high-temperature well cementation cement has certain research results in the field of high-temperature oil and gas well cementation, but the research range is limited to improving the stability and toughness of high-temperature strength. CN201110403225.8 introduces a high-temperature high-density tough well cementation cement slurry, which comprises 100 parts of H-grade oil well cement, 30-40 parts of silica powder, 80-120 parts of GM weighting agent, 0.6-0.8 part of suspending agent, 4-6 parts of high-temperature fluid loss agent and 4.0-5.0 parts of dispersing agent; 0.1 part of defoaming agent, 5.0-6.0 parts of NaCl5, 3 parts of latex and 57.35-59.72 parts of water. The cement paste can resist the temperature of 160 ℃, and the high-temperature toughness of the set cement is improved by adding the latex. CN201710179424.2 introduces a high-strength high-toughness high-temperature-resistant well cementation cement slurry system and a preparation method thereof, and the concrete components are oil well cement, coarse quartz sand, fine quartz sand, nano-silica, fluid loss additive, dispersant and water, and the toughness of the set cement is improved by adding the nano-silica.
Because the cement sheath for well cementation of the dry hot rock production well is required to have high-temperature strength stability, high toughness and low thermal conductivity, the cement systems for well cementation cannot effectively meet the performance requirements of the cement for well cementation of the dry hot rock production well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cement system slurry system for heat preservation and well cementation of a dry hot rock production well, which has high-temperature strength stability, high toughness and low thermal conductivity and solves the problem that the existing well cementation cement cannot meet the construction requirements of an enhanced geothermal system in stability, high toughness and low thermal conductivity.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cement system for heat preservation and well cementation of a dry hot rock production well comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
70-88% of low hydration heat cement or low calcium-silicon ratio cement;
10.5 to 25 percent of high-temperature strength stabilizer;
1-8% of heat insulation material;
0.5 to 4 percent of high-temperature toughening agent;
preferably, C of the low hydration heat cement2The S content is more than or equal to 40 percent, and the specific surface area is 280-330m2The hydration heat is less than or equal to 240kJ/Kg after 7 days.
Preferably, the low calcium silicon ratio cement has a chemical composition with a calcium oxide/silicon oxide molar ratio of 1.8-2.2.
Preferably, the high-temperature strength stabilizer is waste concrete powder or SiO2The content is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the powder fineness is more than or equal to 300 meshes.
Preferably, the heat insulation material is one of hollow glass beads and modified aluminum powder.
Preferably, the hollow glass beads are made of borosilicate glass, the diameter of the hollow glass beads is 10-70 mu m, and the compressive strength of the hollow glass beads is 30-100 MPa.
Preferably, the modified aluminum powder is aluminum powder with the surface subjected to oxidation treatment, and the powder fineness is more than or equal to 200 meshes.
Preferably, the high-temperature toughening material is silicon carbide whisker, the length of the whisker is 10-100 mu m, the diameter is 200-600nm, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 2.5-2.9 x 10-6K-1。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the well cementation material has good heat insulation performance: the addition of the heat insulating material into the well cementing cement can play two roles. On one hand, a cavity structure is formed in the cement stone, and even if the cavity structure is damaged in the later period, the cavity still takes a gas medium as a main part, so that the cement stone is a good heat insulation carrier, the heat flow channel in the cement stone is effectively reduced, and the heat conductivity coefficient of cement is reduced; on the other hand, the added heat-insulating material has good activity in a high-temperature hydrothermal environment, and Ca in the aqueous solution2+The reaction to form high temperature hydrated product, which is well combined with the matrix, and effectively reduces the problem of strength reduction caused by internal pore structure.
(2) According to the invention, the well cementation material has good toughness: the silicon carbide has good high-temperature performance, is well combined with a cement matrix, effectively improves the tensile strength of the set cement under the high-temperature condition, and avoids the cracking risk of a second interface of the cement sheath when encountering the thermal expansion circumferential tensile stress of the sleeve.
(3) According to the invention, the well cementation material has good high-temperature additive adaptability and high compressive strength: the low-heat cement or the low-calcium-silicon ratio cement has better compressive strength stability and admixture adaptability under the condition of high-temperature hydrothermal environment, and the mechanism of the method is as follows: on one hand, during the hydration reaction of the cement with high calcium-silicon ratio, calcium-silicon ions in hydration products are not in an ideal uniform distribution state due to the problem of slow speed of a quartz sand solution, and the non-uniform distribution state causes the generation of the hydration products with high calcium-silicon ratio in partial areas, which causes the problem of the high-temperature strength decline of the set cement. The low-heat cement and the low-calcium-silicon cement are adopted, the content of calcium hydroxide in a cement hydration product is lower, the addition amount of a high-temperature stabilizer is less, the uniformity of the cement hydration product is improved, and the high-temperature strength stability of the high-temperature cementing cement is effectively improved by improving the microscopic and mesoscopic structure distribution of the cement high-temperature hydration product; on the other hand, the low-heat cement and the low-calcium-silicon ratio cement have high content of dicalcium silicate, small specific surface area of the cement, slower hydration speed under the high-temperature condition, and better doping amount and adaptability of the required high-temperature retarder and the water loss reducer.
(4) In the invention, the well cementing material has the characteristics of environmental protection and low cost: the waste concrete mainly comprises cement, sand and aggregate, wherein the chemical components in the sand and stone aggregate in part of the concrete mainly comprise silicon dioxide, and the waste concrete serving as a high-temperature strength stabilizer has the following characteristics that:
a. green and environment-friendly: waste concrete is common solid waste in urban construction, becomes an important environmental pollution source, and becomes one of effective ways for treating the waste after being ground as a strength stabilizer of high-temperature well cementation cement;
b. low cost and wide source: after the low-heat cement or the cement with low calcium-silicon ratio is adopted as the main material, the requirements on the components of the high-temperature strength stabilizer are reduced, the requirements on the content of silicon dioxide in a siliceous material are relaxed, the sources of the high-temperature strength stabilizer are expanded, and the cost of the high-temperature well cementation cement is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of example 1 after curing at 240 ℃ for 14 d.
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of example 3 after curing at 240 ℃ for 14 d.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by reference to the following examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following. The low-hydration-heat cement and the low-calcium-silicon-ratio cement are both provided by Jiahua special cement company Limited, the high-temperature strength stabilizer is prepared by grinding waste concrete, the silicon carbide whisker Qinhuang Yinuo high-tech materials are produced by the Jiahua special cement company Limited, the hollow glass microspheres are produced by Anhui Kai basic materials science and technology company Limited, and the modified metal aluminum powder is developed by the Jiahua special cement company Limited.
Example 1
A cement system for thermal insulation and well cementation of a dry hot rock production well belongs to the technical field of cement paste systems, and adopts cement with low calcium-silicon ratio as basic cement and C2The S content is 50.2 percent, and the specific surface area is 283m2The hydration heat is less than or equal to 182kJ/Kg after 7 days; crushing and grinding waste concrete, and controlling the fineness of powder to 300 meshes, wherein SiO in the powder2The content is 73.4%; the diameter of the silicon carbide whisker is 500nm, the length of the silicon carbide whisker is 50 mu m, and the elastic modulus of the silicon carbide whisker is 400 GPa;
the concrete composition is as follows: 88% of low-calcium-silicon-ratio cement, 10.5% of waste concrete powder, 1% of modified metal aluminum powder, 0.5% of silicon carbide crystal whisker and 0.45% of water-cement ratio, and specifically comprises the following components:
taking the raw materials according to the specific component proportion in the table, mixing, preparing cement slurry according to GB/T19139, and obtaining the well cementation cement slurry with the water cement ratio of 0.45. Samples were taken and cured at 240 ℃ and the results are shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the cement with low calcium-silicon ratio is used as the basic cement, the hollow glass beads are used as the heat insulation material, the materials are added according to the proportion in the following table, and the water-cement ratio is 0.45, so that the well cementation cement slurry is obtained.
Example 3
In the embodiment, low hydration heat cement is used as basic cement, the concrete composition is as shown in the following table, and the water cement ratio is 0.45, so that the well cementation cement slurry is obtained. Curing was carried out at 240 ℃ and the results are shown in FIG. 2.
Example 4
In the embodiment, low hydration heat cement is used as basic cement, the concrete composition is as shown in the following table, and the water cement ratio is 0.45, so that the well cementation cement slurry is obtained. Curing was carried out at 240 ℃ and the results are shown in FIG. 2.
Comparative example 1
The scheme is conventional high-temperature well cementation cement, which specifically comprises the following components: 65% of G-level high-resistance oil well cement, 35% of quartz sand and 0.44 of water-cement ratio.
Example 5
This example is a study of the properties of the cement paste prepared according to the invention.
The cement paste samples obtained in the above examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 were poured into a copper mold to be molded, and then placed into a high-temperature curing kettle to be cured at 240 ℃ for 2d, 7d and 14 d. And (3) detecting the elastic modulus of the cement after the cement is maintained for 14 days by using a triaxial stress testing machine, and detecting the heat conduction coefficient of the cement by using a heat flow method, wherein the detection results are shown in a table 1-1.
Tables 1 to 1:
the table above shows the results of testing the compressive strength, elastic modulus and thermal conductivity of the samples of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1, and in examples 1-3, the absolute value of the compressive strength of the well cementation set cement is lower due to the addition of the heat insulation material, but the strength does not decrease after long-term maintenance at high temperature. The elastic modulus of the samples of examples 1-3 is significantly lower than that of grade G sanded cement due to the addition of the toughening admixture. After the addition of the thermal insulation material, the thermal conductivity of the sample of example 1 was reduced to 0.31, which is only 1/3 of the thermal conductivity of the grade G sand-added cement.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, after the sample is cured at high temperature, spherical holes are formed inside the sample, so as to reduce thermal flow channels and reduce thermal conductivity.
According to the embodiment, the low hydration heat cement and the low calcium-silicon ratio cement are adopted, and the high-temperature admixture, the heat insulation material and the high-temperature toughening material are added, so that the high-temperature strength stability and toughness of the well cementation cement are effectively improved, the heat conductivity of the cement stone is reduced, and the performance requirement of the well cementation engineering of the dry hot rock production well can be met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The cement for heat preservation and well cementation of the hot dry rock production well is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
70-88% of low-calcium-silicon ratio cement;
10.5 to 25 percent of high-temperature strength stabilizer;
1-8% of heat insulation material;
0.5 to 4 percent of high-temperature toughening agent;
the molar ratio of calcium oxide to silicon oxide in the chemical components of the cement with the low calcium-silicon ratio is 1.8-2.2;
the high-temperature strength stabilizer is waste concrete powder, SiO2The content is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the powder fineness is more than or equal to 300 meshes;
the heat insulation material is one of hollow glass beads and modified aluminum powder;
the hollow glass beads are made of borosilicate glass, the diameter of the hollow glass beads is 10-70 mu m, and the compressive strength of the hollow glass beads is 30-100 MPa;
the modified aluminum powder is aluminum powder with the surface subjected to oxidation treatment, and the powder fineness is more than or equal to 200 meshes;
the high-temperature toughening material is silicon carbide whisker, the length of the whisker is 10-100 mu m, the diameter is 200-600nm, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 2.5-2.9 multiplied by 10-6K-1。
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| CN101328050B (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2013-03-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Low temperature low hydration heat cementing cement system |
| US8408303B2 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2013-04-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Compositions for improving thermal conductivity of cement systems |
| CN102796500A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2012-11-28 | 天津中油渤星工程科技有限公司 | Low-hydration-heat early-strength cement for well cementation |
| CN104986993A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-10-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Low-heat-conduction cement mortar used for geothermal well formation and preparation method thereof |
| CN105295875A (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2016-02-03 | 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 | Heat insulation cement paste and preparation method thereof |
| CN106995687A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-01 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | A kind of hot dry rock high temperature cementing slurry and preparation method thereof |
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