Preparation method of medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a preparation method of medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide.
Background
The lithium ion battery prepared by taking lithium cobaltate as the anode material has the characteristics of light weight, large capacity, high specific energy, high working voltage, stable discharge, suitability for large-current discharge, good cycle performance, long service life and the like, and is mainly applied to the field of 3C digital codes. Lithium cobaltate is developing towards high voltage, high compaction and high cycle performanceTherefore, the demand for the raw material cobaltosic oxide is also increasing. Co 3 O 4 The cobaltosic oxide is a functional material with special structure and performance, and the prepared cobaltosic oxide with the medium particle size of span not less than 0.92 can meet the requirements of different enterprises.
The prior preparation process of hydroxyl cobaltosic oxide has the following problems: narrow overall particle size distribution, (D) 90 -D 10 )/D 50 Basically below 0.8, different requirements cannot be met; under the condition of short synthesis time, the proportion of small particles (micro powder) is high, the product appearance is poor, and the subsequent preparation of the anode material is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide, which has high production efficiency, a product particle size distribution span which is not less than 0.92 and good morphology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a cobalt salt solution with the cobalt ion concentration of 85-95 g/L; preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 100g/L-110 g/L; adding an ammonia water solution with the concentration of 180g/L-200g/L into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 100g/L-110g/L to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the ammonia water solution in the mixed solution is 1 (0.04-0.06);
(2) Adding a cobalt salt solution and a mixed solution into a synthesis kettle with a base solution in a cocurrent mode to carry out a synthesis reaction for 12-15 hours to obtain slurry with a target particle size; the feeding flow rate of the cobalt salt solution into the synthesis kettle is 300L/h-400L/h, and the feeding flow rate of the mixed solution into the synthesis kettle is 300L/h-400L/h; the pH value of the synthesis reaction is 7.4-8.2;
(3) Centrifugally washing the slurry with the target particle size by using deionized water at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, drying at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, and calcining the centrifugally washed and dried slurry with the target particle size at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain the cobaltosic oxide with the medium particle size.
The preparation method of the medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide is characterized in that the cobalt salt in the cobalt salt solution in the step (1) is cobalt nitrate or cobalt chloride.
The preparation method of the medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide is characterized in that the pH value is adjusted in a sectional mode in the synthesis reaction process in the step (2): the pH value of the reaction is 7.4-7.6 after 1-5 h, and the pH value of the reaction is 7.8-8.2 after 10-15 h.
The preparation method of the medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide is characterized in that the temperature of the synthesis reaction in the step (2) is 74-76 ℃, and the stirring speed of the synthesis reaction is 90-100 r/min.
The preparation method of the medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide is characterized in that the base solution in the step (2) is hot pure water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃, and the addition amount of the base solution is 3-4 times of the volume of the cobaltosic oxide solution.
The method for preparing medium-size cobaltosic oxide is characterized in that the medium-size diameter of the slurry with the target particle size in the step (2) is 8.5-9.5 microns.
The preparation method of the medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide is characterized in that the particle size distribution characterization value of the medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide in the step (3) is more than or equal to 0.92.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the method is suitable for preparing cobaltosic oxide as a precursor of a cobalt acid lithium battery positive electrode material, and is characterized in that a cobalt solution and an alkali solution are prepared, and are added into a synthesis kettle in a large-flow parallel flow manner, and the temperature, the flow, the stirring strength, the synthesis time and the pH are controlled to be adjusted in stages. Wait for D 50 When the particle size is 8.5 to 9.5 μm, washing, drying and calcining steps may be carried out. The cobaltosic oxide prepared by the process has wide particle size distribution and no micro powder. The granularity of the intermediate product cobalt hydroxide is as follows: dmin is more than or equal to 2.5 mu m and D 10 :4.5-5.5μm,D 50 :8.5-9.5μm,D 90 14.0-16.0 μm, dmax is less than or equal to 32 μm, and the radial distance (D) 90 -D 10 )/D 50 ≧ 0.9; the particle size distribution of the cobaltosic oxide product after final calcination is as follows: dmin is more than or equal to 2 mu m and D 10 ≥4-6μm,D 50 :7.5-9μm,D 90: 12.5-15.5 μm, dmax less than or equal to 30 μm, and radial distance (D) 90 -D 10 )/D 50 ≧ 0.92. Compared with the prior preparation technology, the synthetic reaction process of the invention adoptsThe large-flow feeding shortens the synthesis time of a single kettle and improves the production efficiency; through the stage adjustment of the pH value in the process, the growth speed is controlled, the output of micro powder is avoided, and the product appearance is improved. The medium-granularity cobaltosic oxide product prepared by the method has wide granularity distribution, and the granularity distribution characterization value is as follows: (D) 90 -D 10 )/D 50 ≧0.92。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a calcined medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of a medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 2;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of a calcined medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 2.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide comprises the steps of taking a cobalt salt solution with a certain concentration (low concentration) as a cobalt source, taking a sodium hydroxide solution as a precipitator and an ammonia water solution as a complexing agent, adding the cobalt salt solution and the ammonia water solution into a synthesis kettle in a parallel flow (large flow) manner, accurately controlling parameters such as pH (staged adjustment) and temperature in the process to obtain a cobalt hydroxide product, and washing, drying and calcining the cobalt hydroxide product to obtain the medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide product with span being not less than 0.92. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a cobalt salt solution with the cobalt ion concentration of 85-95 g/L; the cobalt salt in the cobalt salt solution is cobalt nitrate or cobalt chloride. Preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 100g/L-110 g/L; adding an ammonia water solution with the concentration of 180g/L-200g/L into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 100g/L-110g/L to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the ammonia water solution in the mixed solution is 1 (0.04-0.06).
(2) Adding hot pure water with a fixed volume into the synthesis kettle as synthesis buffer solution, controlling the temperature of the synthesis kettle to be 74-76 ℃ and the stirring speed to be 90-100 r/min. Adding a cobalt salt solution and a mixed solution into a synthesis kettle with a base solution in a cocurrent mode to carry out synthesis reaction, setting the feeding flow rate of the cobalt salt solution to be 300L/h-400L/h, controlling the pH =7.4-8.2 of the synthesis reaction, and adjusting the pH in a stage in the synthesis reaction process: the pH value after 1-5 h of reaction is 7.4-7.6, and the pH value after 10-15 h of reaction is 7.8-8.2. Stabilizing the feed flow of the mixed solution, detecting the product granularity after the synthetic reaction is carried out for 12-15 hours to obtain the slurry with the target granularity, wherein the median diameter (D50) of the slurry with the target granularity is 8.5-9.5 mu m, and the granularity reaches the required index, and carrying out the subsequent working procedures. The base solution is hot pure water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃, and the addition amount of the base solution is 3-4 times of the volume of the cobaltate solution. The feeding flow rate of the mixed solution added into the synthesis kettle is 300L/h-400L/h.
(3) And centrifugally washing the slurry with the target particle size by using deionized water at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, drying at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, and calcining the centrifugally washed and dried slurry with the target particle size in a rotary kiln at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain the cobaltosic oxide with the medium particle size. The characterization value of the particle size distribution of the medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide is greater than or equal to 0.92.
Example 1
Preparing a cobalt salt solution with the cobalt ion concentration of 85 g/L; the cobalt salt in the cobalt salt solution is cobalt nitrate or cobalt chloride. Preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 100 g/L; adding an ammonia water solution with the concentration of 190g/L into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 100g/L to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the ammonia water solution in the mixed solution is 1.
Adding hot pure water with a fixed volume into the synthesis kettle as a synthesis buffer solution, controlling the temperature of the synthesis kettle at 76 ℃ and the stirring speed at 90 revolutions per minute. Adding a cobalt salt solution and a mixed solution into a synthesis kettle with a base solution in a cocurrent mode to carry out a synthesis reaction, setting the feeding flow of the cobalt salt solution to be 300L/h, and adjusting the pH of the synthesis reaction in stages: the pH value is 7.4-7.6 in 1-5 h and 7.8-8.0 in 10-15 h. Stabilizing the feeding flow of the mixed solution, detecting the granularity of the product after the synthetic reaction is carried out for 12 hours to obtain the slurry with the target granularity, wherein the median diameter (D50) of the slurry with the target granularity is 8.5-9.5 mu m, and the granularity reaches the required index, and carrying out the subsequent procedures. The base solution is hot pure water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃, and the addition amount of the base solution is 3-4 times of the volume of the cobalt salt solution. The feeding flow rate of the mixed solution into the synthesis kettle is 300L/h.
And (2) centrifugally washing the slurry with the target particle size by using deionized water at 90 ℃, drying at 100-120 ℃, and calcining the centrifugally washed and dried slurry with the target particle size in a rotary kiln at 750-800 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the cobaltosic oxide with the medium particle size. The characterization value of the particle size distribution of the medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide is greater than or equal to 0.92. Table 1 shows the particle size distribution of the medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 1. Fig. 2 is an SEM image of a medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 1, and fig. 3 is an SEM image of the medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 1 after calcination.
TABLE 1 particle size distribution Table for the medium particle size cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 1
Particle size
|
D(min)
|
D(10)
|
D(50)
|
D(90)
|
D(max)
|
(D90-D10)/D50
|
Cobalt hydroxide
|
3.21
|
5.96
|
9.41
|
14.6
|
21.3
|
0.92
|
Cobaltosic oxide
|
3.13
|
5.42
|
8.63
|
13.8
|
24.0
|
0.97 |
Example 2
Preparing a cobalt salt solution with the cobalt ion concentration of 95 g/L; the cobalt salt in the cobalt salt solution is cobalt nitrate or cobalt chloride. Preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 110 g/L; adding an ammonia water solution with the concentration of 200g/L into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 110g/L to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the ammonia water solution in the mixed solution is 1.
Adding hot pure water with a fixed volume into the synthesis kettle as synthesis buffer, controlling the temperature of the synthesis kettle at 76 ℃ and the stirring speed at 100 revolutions per minute. Adding a cobalt salt solution and a mixed solution into a synthesis kettle with a base solution in a cocurrent flow mode to carry out synthesis reaction, setting the feeding flow of the cobalt salt solution to be 400L/h, and adjusting the pH value in a section in the synthesis reaction process: the pH value of the reaction is 7.4-7.6 after 1-5 h, and the pH value of the reaction is 8.0-8.2 after 10-15 h. Stabilizing the feeding flow of the mixed solution, detecting the granularity of the product after the synthetic reaction is carried out for 12 hours to obtain the slurry with the target granularity, wherein the median diameter (D50) of the slurry with the target granularity is 8.5-9.5 mu m, and the granularity reaches the required index, and carrying out the subsequent procedures. The base solution is hot pure water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃, and the addition amount of the base solution is 3-4 times of the volume of the cobalt salt solution. The feeding flow rate of the mixed solution into the synthesis kettle is 400L/h.
And (2) centrifugally washing the slurry with the target particle size by using deionized water at 90 ℃, drying at 100-120 ℃, and calcining the centrifugally washed and dried slurry with the target particle size in a rotary kiln at 750-800 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the cobaltosic oxide with the medium particle size. The characterization value of the particle size distribution of the medium-particle-size cobaltosic oxide is more than or equal to 0.92. Table 2 shows the particle size distribution of the medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 2. Fig. 4 is an SEM image of the medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 2, and fig. 5 is an SEM image of the medium-sized cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 2 after calcination.
TABLE 2 particle size distribution Table for the medium particle size cobaltosic oxide product obtained in example 2
Particle size
|
D(min)
|
D(10)
|
D(50)
|
D(90)
|
D(max)
|
(D90-D10)/D50
|
Cobalt hydroxide
|
3.56
|
6.15
|
9.47
|
15.2
|
22.7
|
0.95
|
Cobaltosic oxide
|
3.18
|
5.48
|
8.37
|
13.5
|
23.2
|
0.96 |