CN112319308B - Power battery multi-fault detection method and system - Google Patents

Power battery multi-fault detection method and system Download PDF

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CN112319308B
CN112319308B CN202011214794.3A CN202011214794A CN112319308B CN 112319308 B CN112319308 B CN 112319308B CN 202011214794 A CN202011214794 A CN 202011214794A CN 112319308 B CN112319308 B CN 112319308B
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value
differential pressure
difference
pressure value
maximum
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CN112319308A (en
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王震坡
孙振宇
刘鹏
尹豪
曲昌辉
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Beijing Bitnei Corp ltd
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Chongqing Innovation Center of Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing Bitnei Corp ltd
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Chongqing Innovation Center of Beijing University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-fault detection method and a multi-fault detection system for a power battery. The power battery multi-fault detection method and system are characterized in that a voltage matrix and a pressure difference matrix are constructed and obtained on the basis of voltage time series data of a plurality of single batteries, the number of times that each single battery is counted is determined by adopting a threshold counting method, then a frequency vector of each single battery is determined and obtained according to the number of times and the total number of counts, and finally a fault single is rapidly and accurately judged according to the frequency vector and a preset frequency threshold, and then the serial number of the fault single is output. And the adopted data is voltage time series data, so that the whole top determining process is more comprehensive, and the problem that the faults of the power battery cannot be accurately, quickly and comprehensively detected in the prior art is solved.

Description

Power battery multi-fault detection method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery fault detection, in particular to a multi-fault detection method and system for a power battery.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is a core component of the pure electric vehicle, and the safe and reliable operation of the power battery system can be effectively ensured by timely discovering the power battery fault. Generally, a lithium ion battery system includes many unit cells. There is a certain difference in initial performance of the unit cells itself due to a manufacturing process, etc. Under the same current excitation, the voltage of the same battery pack has a certain difference, but the voltage difference is very small. Decline appears when the group battery long-time running, perhaps can cause the battery short circuit when some battery cell receives collision, extrusion or the lithium dendrite that uses for a long time and leads to impale diaphragm scheduling problem, and a lot of side reactions can take place in the battery inside, lead to battery cell short time release heat to cause peripheral monomer to break down the problem to initiate whole battery thermal runaway. At the initial stage of the failure, the resistance of the failed single battery cell increases, so that the voltage consistency of the whole battery pack changes to a certain extent.
At present, a new energy automobile monitoring system can obtain data such as voltage and temperature, and whether a battery is short-circuited or not is judged by comparing the monitored temperature with an allowable maximum threshold value, but temperature detection has certain hysteresis in time. The judgment of the short-circuit fault is carried out through a voltage threshold, but the voltage does not have a large voltage drop in the early stage of the short-circuit. In addition, some patents are like 'internal short circuit processing method and device of lithium battery', the short circuit judgment in the charging process is focused, the discharging process is ignored, and the selection of the charging and discharging processes of the battery is not comprehensive.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the art to provide a method or system for detecting multiple faults of a power battery, which can accurately, rapidly and comprehensively detect the faults of the power battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power battery multi-fault detection method and system, which can accurately, quickly and comprehensively detect the power battery faults.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a power battery multi-fault detection method comprises the following steps:
acquiring voltage time-series data of a plurality of single batteries; the voltage time-series data comprises the voltages of a plurality of single batteries at each moment;
constructing a voltage matrix according to the voltage time-series data; the row number of the voltage matrix represents a single battery number value, and the column number represents a frame number value; one frame corresponds to a voltage acquisition moment;
determining the voltage difference of each single battery according to the voltage matrix;
constructing a pressure difference matrix according to the pressure difference; the number of rows of the pressure difference matrix represents the number value of the single battery;
determining the number of times each battery unit is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix;
determining the total number of counts according to the times;
determining the frequency vector of each single battery according to the times and the total counting number;
acquiring a preset frequency threshold, judging whether the frequency vector is greater than the preset frequency threshold, if so, outputting the serial number of a single fault cell, wherein the single fault cell corresponds to the frequency vector; otherwise, the single battery corresponding to the frequency vector is not a fault single battery.
Preferably, the determining the number of times each battery cell is counted by using a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix specifically includes:
determining the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value in the differential pressures of the n single batteries according to the differential pressure matrix;
determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
acquiring a ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold, and counting once;
acquiring a difference threshold, and determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery and count once according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold;
and returning to the step of determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix until all columns in the pressure difference matrix are traversed, and counting the counted times of each single battery.
Preferably, the determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value specifically includes:
judging whether the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are positive numbers or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, the ratio coefficient is a numerical value obtained by dividing the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure by the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure;
if the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, the ratio coefficient is a numerical value obtained by comparing the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value with the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value;
if the first judgment result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, the difference coefficient is the absolute value of the difference value of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
if the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, the difference coefficient is the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value or the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value.
Preferably, the obtaining of the ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the current single battery and count once according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold, specifically includes:
when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, judging whether the ratio coefficient is larger than the ratio threshold value, if so, extracting the serial number of the battery monomer corresponding to the maximum differential pressure and counting once, otherwise, not processing;
and when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, judging whether the ratio coefficient is larger than the ratio threshold value, if so, extracting the serial number of the battery monomer corresponding to the minimum differential pressure and counting once, otherwise, not processing.
Preferably, the obtaining a difference threshold, and determining whether to extract the serial number of the current single battery and count once according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold specifically includes:
when the first judgment result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, judging whether the difference coefficient is larger than the difference threshold value; if the difference value is greater than the maximum difference value, extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum difference value and counting once, and extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the minimum difference value and counting once; otherwise, the processing is not carried out;
when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, judging whether the difference coefficient is larger than the difference threshold value; if the difference value is larger than the preset value, extracting the number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value which is not zero or the minimum differential pressure value which is not zero, and counting once; otherwise, no treatment is performed.
Corresponding to the power battery multi-fault detection method, the invention also provides a power battery multi-fault detection system, which comprises the following specific steps:
a power cell multiple fault detection system comprising:
the voltage time sequence data acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage time sequence data of a plurality of single batteries; the voltage time-series data comprises the voltages of a plurality of single batteries at each moment;
the voltage matrix construction module is used for constructing a voltage matrix according to the voltage time sequence data; the row number of the voltage matrix represents a single battery number value, and the column number represents a frame number value; one frame corresponds to a voltage acquisition moment;
the voltage difference determining module is used for determining the voltage difference of each single battery according to the voltage matrix;
the pressure difference matrix construction module is used for constructing a pressure difference matrix according to the pressure difference; the number of rows of the pressure difference matrix represents the number value of the single battery;
the counting module is used for determining the number of times that each battery unit is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix;
the total counting number determining module is used for determining the total counting number according to the times;
the frequency vector determining module is used for determining the frequency vector of each single battery according to the times and the total counting number;
the judging module is used for acquiring a preset frequency threshold value, judging whether the frequency vector is greater than the preset frequency threshold value, if so, outputting the serial number of the fault single cell, wherein the single cell corresponding to the frequency vector is a fault single cell; otherwise, the single battery corresponding to the frequency vector is not a fault single battery.
Preferably, the number module specifically includes:
the pressure difference value determining unit is used for determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value in the pressure differences of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix;
a coefficient determination unit for determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
the first counting unit is used for acquiring a ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold and counting once;
the second counting unit is used for acquiring a difference threshold value, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold value and counting once;
and the returning unit is used for returning to the step of determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix until all columns in the pressure difference matrix are traversed, and counting the counted times of each single battery.
Preferably, the coefficient determining unit specifically includes:
the first judgment subunit is configured to judge whether the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are positive numbers, so as to obtain a first judgment result;
a first ratio coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, a ratio coefficient as a numerical value obtained by dividing an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure by an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure;
a second ratio coefficient determination subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, a ratio coefficient that is a numerical value obtained by comparing an absolute value of the minimum differential pressure with an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure;
a first difference coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, a difference coefficient as an absolute value of a difference between the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
a second difference coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine that the difference coefficient is an absolute value of the maximum pressure difference value or an absolute value of the minimum pressure difference value when the first determination result indicates that the maximum pressure difference value is zero or the minimum pressure difference value is zero.
Preferably, the first counting unit specifically includes:
a first judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, judge whether the ratio coefficient is greater than the ratio threshold, if so, extract a serial number of a battery cell corresponding to the maximum differential pressure and count the serial number once, otherwise, perform no processing;
and a second judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, judge whether the ratio coefficient is greater than the ratio threshold, if so, extract a serial number of a battery cell corresponding to the minimum differential pressure and count the serial number once, otherwise, perform no processing.
Preferably, the second counting unit specifically includes:
a third determining subunit, configured to determine whether the difference coefficient is greater than the difference threshold value when the first determination result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number; if the difference value is greater than the maximum difference value, extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum difference value and counting once, and extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the minimum difference value and counting once; otherwise, the processing is not carried out;
a fourth judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, judge whether the difference coefficient is greater than the difference threshold; if the difference value is larger than the preset value, extracting the number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value which is not zero or the minimum differential pressure value which is not zero, and counting once; otherwise, no treatment is performed.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the power battery multi-fault detection method and system provided by the invention, after a voltage matrix and a differential pressure matrix are constructed and obtained on the basis of voltage time series data of a plurality of single batteries, the counted times of each single battery are determined by adopting a threshold counting method, then the frequency vector of each single battery is determined and obtained according to the times and the total number of counts, and finally, the serial number of the fault single battery is output after the fault single battery is rapidly and accurately judged according to the frequency vector and a preset frequency threshold. And the adopted data is voltage time series data, so that the whole top determining process is more comprehensive, and the problem that the faults of the power battery cannot be accurately, quickly and comprehensively detected in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting multiple faults of a power battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of voltage data transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery multiple fault detection system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a power battery multi-fault detection method and system, which can accurately, quickly and comprehensively detect the power battery faults.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a power battery multiple fault detection method provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, a power battery multiple fault detection method includes:
step 100: acquiring voltage time-series data of a plurality of single batteries; the voltage time-series data comprises the voltages of a plurality of single batteries at each moment;
step 101: constructing a voltage matrix according to the voltage time-series data; the row number of the voltage matrix represents a single battery number value, and the column number represents a frame number value; one frame corresponds to a voltage acquisition moment;
step 102: determining the voltage difference of each single battery according to the voltage matrix;
step 103: constructing a pressure difference matrix according to the pressure difference; the number of rows of the pressure difference matrix represents the number value of the single battery;
step 104: determining the number of times each battery unit is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1041: determining the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value in the differential pressures of the n single batteries according to the differential pressure matrix;
step 1042: determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value, specifically comprising:
step 10421: judging whether the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are positive numbers or not to obtain a first judgment result; if the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, the ratio coefficient is a numerical value obtained by dividing the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure by the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure; if the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, the ratio coefficient is a numerical value obtained by comparing the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value with the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value; if the first judgment result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, the difference coefficient is the absolute value of the difference value of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value; if the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, the difference coefficient is the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value or the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value.
Step 1043: acquiring a ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery and count once according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold, specifically comprising:
step 10431: when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, judging whether the ratio coefficient is larger than the ratio threshold value, if so, extracting the serial number of the battery monomer corresponding to the maximum differential pressure and counting once, otherwise, not processing;
step 10432: and when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, judging whether the ratio coefficient is larger than the ratio threshold value, if so, extracting the serial number of the battery monomer corresponding to the minimum differential pressure and counting once, otherwise, not processing.
Step 1044: acquiring a difference threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery and count once according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 10441: when the first judgment result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, judging whether the difference coefficient is larger than the difference threshold value; if the difference value is greater than the maximum difference value, extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum difference value and counting once, and extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the minimum difference value and counting once; otherwise, the processing is not carried out;
step 10442: when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, judging whether the difference coefficient is larger than the difference threshold value; if the difference value is larger than the preset value, extracting the number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value which is not zero or the minimum differential pressure value which is not zero, and counting once; otherwise, no treatment is performed.
Step 1045: and returning to the step of determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix until all columns in the pressure difference matrix are traversed, and counting the counted times of each single battery.
Step 105: determining the total number of counts according to the times;
step 106: determining the frequency vector of each single battery according to the times and the total counting number;
step 107: acquiring a preset frequency threshold, judging whether the frequency vector is greater than the preset frequency threshold, if so, outputting the serial number of a single fault cell, wherein the single fault cell corresponds to the frequency vector; otherwise, the single battery corresponding to the frequency vector is not a fault single battery.
The scheme of the invention is further illustrated by providing a specific embodiment, which is described by taking the example of acquiring the voltage data from the new energy automobile big data platform, and is also applicable to other modes of acquiring the voltage data in specific application.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery management system transmits the voltage data acquired by the voltage sensor to the vehicle-mounted terminal through the CAN bus, and the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits the voltage data to the new energy automobile big data platform by means of the wireless network.
Step 1: and acquiring n single voltages of a plurality of groups of single frames from the big data platform.
For example, the cell data of a single frame is:
the No. 1 monomer voltage is 3.21V, the No. 2 monomer voltage is 3.22V and the like corresponding to 2020:09:1513:00:00 time.
Selecting t1 time to te time (e >50), and recording as t1 frame 1 and te frame e. A voltage matrix U is formed, the row direction representing the cell number and the column direction representing the time sequence.
Figure BDA0002759975750000091
Step 2: calculating the voltage of the ith cell at the later moment minus the self voltage of the ith cell at the previous moment, namely, subtracting the tj voltage of the ith cell at the tth moment of the ith cell number i from the tj +1 voltage of the ith cell number i to form the differential pressure of the ith cell number i, and recording the differential pressure as
Figure BDA0002759975750000092
Is given by the formula
Figure BDA0002759975750000093
And step 3: according to step 2, traversing n monomers to form a pressure difference matrix delta U:
Figure BDA0002759975750000094
and 4, step 4: calculating the maximum pressure difference of n monomers at the time of tj +1
Figure BDA0002759975750000095
Minimum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000096
(i.e., the maximum and minimum of all values in line tj +1 of Δ U1), the lower right cell indicates a monomer.
And 5: calculating a ratio coefficient k according to the maximum pressure difference and the minimum pressure difference in the step 4, and recording a corresponding monomer number if k is greater than a ratio threshold (the ratio threshold is preferably 2-5), specifically:
step 5-1: if the maximum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000101
Minimum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000102
The absolute value of the maximum pressure difference is divided by the absolute value of the minimum pressure difference to obtain k; if k is greater than the ratio threshold, recording the maximum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000103
And counting the number of the corresponding single battery for 1 time.
Step 5-2: if the maximum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000104
Minimum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000105
All are negative numbers, and k is obtained by dividing the absolute value of the minimum pressure difference by the absolute value of the maximum pressure difference; if k is greater than the ratio threshold, recording the difference from the minimum pressure
Figure BDA0002759975750000106
And counting the number of the corresponding single battery for 1 time.
Step 6: calculating a difference coefficient q according to the maximum pressure difference and the minimum pressure difference in the step 5, and recording the number of the corresponding single battery if q is greater than a ratio threshold (the ratio threshold is preferably 0.2v-4v), wherein the specific is as follows:
step 6-1: if the maximum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000107
And a minimum pressure difference
Figure BDA0002759975750000108
One is negative and one is positiveNumber, at this time
Figure BDA0002759975750000109
If q is greater than the ratio threshold, recording the maximum pressure difference
Figure BDA00027599757500001010
And a minimum pressure difference
Figure BDA00027599757500001011
And numbering the corresponding single batteries for 1 time respectively.
Step 6-2: if it is not
Figure BDA00027599757500001012
At this time
Figure BDA00027599757500001013
And if q is greater than the difference threshold value, recording the number of the corresponding single battery, and counting the number of the single battery for 1 time. And the value interpolation threshold value of the difference threshold value is greater than or equal to 0.1.
And 7: all the rows of the pressure difference matrix delta U1 are calculated once according to the steps 4 to 6, and the counting times of each single battery cell are counted. Dividing the counting times of each monomer by the counting times of all monomers to obtain a total frequency equal to the frequency of each monomer to obtain a frequency vector
Figure BDA00027599757500001014
Wherein n is the total number of the monomer numbers.
For example, if the number 1 of the single battery counts 2, the number 2 counts 2, and the number 3 counts 4, the number 1 frequency f1 of the single battery is 1/(1+2+4)
And 8: and comparing each numerical value in the frequency vector F with a specified threshold, and if the frequency vector F is greater than the fixed threshold, reporting the single battery number i as a fault single. The specific value range of the threshold is usually set according to different battery pack types and needs to be determined by combining actual data.
The terms used above are explained as follows:
the single battery refers to the smallest module unit which forms the power battery, and a battery pack can be formed by series and parallel connection.
The cell voltage refers to the voltage of the cell.
A single frame refers to a certain acquisition instant.
In addition, corresponding to the above-mentioned multiple fault detection method for power battery, the present invention also provides a multiple fault detection system for power battery, as shown in fig. 3, the multiple fault detection system for power battery includes: the device comprises a voltage time sequence data acquisition module 1, a voltage matrix construction module 2, a pressure difference determination module 3, a pressure difference matrix construction module 4, a counting module 5, a total counting number determination module 6, a frequency vector determination module 7 and a judgment module 8.
The voltage time sequence data acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring voltage time sequence data of a plurality of single batteries; the voltage time-series data comprises the voltages of a plurality of single batteries at each moment;
the voltage matrix construction module 2 is used for constructing a voltage matrix according to the voltage time sequence data; the row number of the voltage matrix represents a single battery number value, and the column number represents a frame number value; one frame corresponds to a voltage acquisition moment;
the voltage difference determining module 3 is used for determining the voltage difference of each single battery according to the voltage matrix;
the pressure difference matrix construction module 4 is used for constructing a pressure difference matrix according to the pressure difference; the number of rows of the pressure difference matrix represents the number value of the single battery;
the counting module 5 is used for determining the number of times that each battery unit is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix;
the total counting number determining module 6 is used for determining the total counting number according to the times;
the frequency vector determining module 7 is used for determining the frequency vector of each single battery according to the times and the total number of counts;
the judging module 8 is configured to obtain a preset frequency threshold, judge whether the frequency vector is greater than the preset frequency threshold, if so, output a serial number of a single battery cell corresponding to the frequency vector as a single battery cell with a fault; otherwise, the single battery corresponding to the frequency vector is not a fault single battery.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the time module 5 specifically includes:
the pressure difference value determining unit is used for determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value in the pressure differences of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix;
a coefficient determination unit for determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
the first counting unit is used for acquiring a ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold and counting once;
the second counting unit is used for acquiring a difference threshold value, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold value and counting once;
and the returning unit is used for returning to the step of determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix until all columns in the pressure difference matrix are traversed, and counting the counted times of each single battery.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coefficient determining unit specifically includes:
the first judgment subunit is configured to judge whether the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are positive numbers, so as to obtain a first judgment result;
a first ratio coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, a ratio coefficient as a numerical value obtained by dividing an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure by an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure;
a second ratio coefficient determination subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, a ratio coefficient that is a numerical value obtained by comparing an absolute value of the minimum differential pressure with an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure;
a first difference coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, a difference coefficient as an absolute value of a difference between the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
a second difference coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine that the difference coefficient is an absolute value of the maximum pressure difference value or an absolute value of the minimum pressure difference value when the first determination result indicates that the maximum pressure difference value is zero or the minimum pressure difference value is zero.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first counting unit specifically includes:
a first judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, judge whether the ratio coefficient is greater than the ratio threshold, if so, extract a serial number of a battery cell corresponding to the maximum differential pressure and count the serial number once, otherwise, perform no processing;
and a second judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, judge whether the ratio coefficient is greater than the ratio threshold, if so, extract a serial number of a battery cell corresponding to the minimum differential pressure and count the serial number once, otherwise, perform no processing.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second counting unit specifically includes:
a third determining subunit, configured to determine whether the difference coefficient is greater than the difference threshold value when the first determination result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number; if the difference value is greater than the maximum difference value, extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum difference value and counting once, and extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the minimum difference value and counting once; otherwise, the processing is not carried out;
a fourth judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, judge whether the difference coefficient is greater than the difference threshold; if the difference value is larger than the preset value, extracting the number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value which is not zero or the minimum differential pressure value which is not zero, and counting once; otherwise, no treatment is performed.
In conclusion, the technical scheme provided by the invention utilizes the monomer voltage parameters transmitted in real time to judge, and is simple and high in real-time performance. The voltage type faults of the power battery can be quickly diagnosed according to the change of the voltage difference before and after the voltage, and the fault single body can be quickly positioned, so that the occurrence of the thermal runaway and other events of the battery can be effectively prevented.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A power battery multi-fault detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring voltage time-series data of a plurality of single batteries; the voltage time-series data comprises the voltages of a plurality of single batteries at each moment;
constructing a voltage matrix according to the voltage time-series data; the row number of the voltage matrix represents a single battery number value, and the column number represents a frame number value; one frame corresponds to a voltage acquisition moment;
determining the voltage difference of each single battery according to the voltage matrix;
constructing a pressure difference matrix according to the pressure difference; the number of rows of the pressure difference matrix represents the number value of the single battery;
determining the number of times each battery unit is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix;
determining the total number of counts according to the times;
determining the frequency vector of each single battery according to the times and the total counting number;
acquiring a preset frequency threshold, judging whether the frequency vector is greater than the preset frequency threshold, if so, outputting the serial number of a single fault cell, wherein the single fault cell corresponds to the frequency vector; otherwise, the single battery corresponding to the frequency vector is not a fault single battery;
the determining the number of times that each battery cell is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value in the differential pressures of the n single batteries according to the differential pressure matrix;
determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
acquiring a ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold, and counting once;
acquiring a difference threshold, and determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery and count once according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold;
and returning to the step of determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix until all columns in the pressure difference matrix are traversed, and counting the counted times of each single battery.
2. The power battery multi-fault detection method according to claim 1, wherein the determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value specifically comprises:
judging whether the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are positive numbers or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, the ratio coefficient is a numerical value obtained by dividing the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value by the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value;
if the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, the ratio coefficient is a numerical value obtained by comparing the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value with the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value;
if the first judgment result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, the difference coefficient is the absolute value of the difference value of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
if the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, the difference coefficient is the absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value or the absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value.
3. The method for detecting multiple faults of a power battery according to claim 2, wherein a ratio threshold is obtained, and whether the number of the current single battery is extracted and counted once is determined according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold, specifically comprising:
when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, judging whether the ratio coefficient is larger than the ratio threshold value, if so, extracting the serial number of the battery monomer corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value and counting once, otherwise, not processing;
and when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, judging whether the ratio coefficient is larger than the ratio threshold value, if so, extracting the serial number of the battery cell corresponding to the minimum differential pressure value and counting once, otherwise, not processing.
4. The method for detecting multiple faults of a power battery according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the difference threshold value, and the determining of whether to extract the serial number of the current single battery and count once according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold value specifically comprise:
when the first judgment result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, judging whether the difference coefficient is larger than the difference threshold value; if the difference value is greater than the maximum difference value, extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum difference value and counting once, and extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the minimum difference value and counting once; otherwise, the processing is not carried out;
when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, judging whether the difference coefficient is larger than the difference threshold value; if the difference value is larger than the preset value, extracting the number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value which is not zero or the minimum differential pressure value which is not zero, and counting once; otherwise, no treatment is performed.
5. A power battery multi-fault detection system, comprising:
the voltage time sequence data acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage time sequence data of a plurality of single batteries; the voltage time-series data comprises the voltages of a plurality of single batteries at each moment;
the voltage matrix construction module is used for constructing a voltage matrix according to the voltage time sequence data; the row number of the voltage matrix represents a single battery number value, and the column number represents a frame number value; one frame corresponds to a voltage acquisition moment;
the voltage difference determining module is used for determining the voltage difference of each single battery according to the voltage matrix;
the pressure difference matrix construction module is used for constructing a pressure difference matrix according to the pressure difference; the number of rows of the pressure difference matrix represents the number value of the single battery;
the counting module is used for determining the number of times that each battery unit is counted by adopting a threshold counting method according to the pressure difference matrix;
the total counting number determining module is used for determining the total counting number according to the times;
the frequency vector determining module is used for determining the frequency vector of each single battery according to the times and the total counting number;
the judging module is used for acquiring a preset frequency threshold value, judging whether the frequency vector is greater than the preset frequency threshold value, if so, outputting the serial number of the fault single cell, wherein the single cell corresponding to the frequency vector is a fault single cell; otherwise, the single battery corresponding to the frequency vector is not a fault single battery;
the counting module specifically comprises:
the pressure difference value determining unit is used for determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value in the pressure differences of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix;
a coefficient determination unit for determining a ratio coefficient and a difference coefficient according to the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
the first counting unit is used for acquiring a ratio threshold, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the ratio coefficient and the ratio threshold and counting once;
the second counting unit is used for acquiring a difference threshold value, determining whether to extract the serial number of the single battery according to the difference coefficient and the difference threshold value and counting once;
and the returning unit is used for returning to the step of determining the maximum pressure difference value and the minimum pressure difference value of the n single batteries according to the pressure difference matrix until all columns in the pressure difference matrix are traversed, and counting the counted times of each single battery.
6. The power battery multi-fault detection system according to claim 5, wherein the coefficient determination unit specifically includes:
the first judgment subunit is configured to judge whether the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are positive numbers, so as to obtain a first judgment result;
a first ratio coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, a ratio coefficient as a numerical value obtained by dividing an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value by an absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value;
a second ratio coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, a ratio coefficient that is a numerical value obtained by comparing an absolute value of the minimum differential pressure value with an absolute value of the maximum differential pressure value;
a first difference coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number, a difference coefficient as an absolute value of a difference between the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value;
a second difference coefficient determining subunit, configured to determine that the difference coefficient is an absolute value of the maximum pressure difference value or an absolute value of the minimum pressure difference value when the first determination result indicates that the maximum pressure difference value is zero or the minimum pressure difference value is zero.
7. The power battery multi-fault detection system according to claim 6, wherein the first counting unit specifically comprises:
a first judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both positive numbers, judge whether the ratio coefficient is greater than the ratio threshold, if so, extract a serial number of a battery cell corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value and count the serial number once, otherwise, perform no processing;
and a second determining subunit, configured to determine, when the first determination result is that the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value are both negative numbers, whether the ratio coefficient is greater than the ratio threshold, if so, extract a serial number of a battery cell corresponding to the minimum differential pressure value and count the serial number once, otherwise, perform no processing.
8. The power battery multi-fault detection system according to claim 7, wherein the second counting unit specifically comprises:
a third determining subunit, configured to determine whether the difference coefficient is greater than the difference threshold value when the first determination result is that one of the maximum differential pressure value and the minimum differential pressure value is a negative number and the other is a positive number; if the difference value is greater than the maximum difference value, extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum difference value and counting once, and extracting the serial number of the single battery corresponding to the minimum difference value and counting once; otherwise, the processing is not carried out;
a fourth judging subunit, configured to, when the first judgment result is that the maximum differential pressure value is zero or the minimum differential pressure value is zero, judge whether the difference coefficient is greater than the difference threshold; if the difference value is larger than the preset value, extracting the number of the single battery corresponding to the maximum differential pressure value which is not zero or the minimum differential pressure value which is not zero, and counting once; otherwise, no treatment is performed.
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