CN112319247B - Energy management control method for extended range electric automobile - Google Patents
Energy management control method for extended range electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN112319247B CN112319247B CN202011287755.6A CN202011287755A CN112319247B CN 112319247 B CN112319247 B CN 112319247B CN 202011287755 A CN202011287755 A CN 202011287755A CN 112319247 B CN112319247 B CN 112319247B
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- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
- B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
- B60W2510/244—Charge state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
- B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
- B60W2552/15—Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an extended range electric automobile energy management control method, which comprises the following steps: according to the power requirement of the whole vehicle and referring to the universal characteristic curve diagram of the engine, respectively selecting a working point when the engine is in light load, medium load and high load, and respectively defining the selected three working points as a working point 1, a working point 2 and a working point 3 of the range extender, wherein the output power of the engine corresponding to the three working points is P1, P2 and P3; setting two battery SOC trigger points, namely SOC _ high and SOC _ low, according to the performance of the power battery; setting two vehicle speed trigger points, namely V _ high and V _ low, according to the power performance of the whole vehicle; according to different power battery SOC values and the current vehicle speed value, the battery SOC trigger point and the vehicle speed trigger point selected in the step S2 are used as references, the operating point of the engine is switched by combining the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, and energy distribution is carried out on the whole vehicle under different loads.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to an energy management control method for a range-extended electric automobile.
Background
In recent years, new energy automobiles are vigorously developed in various countries in the world to reduce the influence of greenhouse effect and air pollution on the environment. The pure electric vehicle is influenced by short driving range, low energy density of a power battery and high cost, and is not hindered by small amount in the process of popularization at present. However, compared with a pure electric vehicle, the extended range electric vehicle becomes a research hotspot of the current new energy vehicle due to the fact that the power battery of the extended range electric vehicle is smaller, the cost is lower, and the driving range is considerable.
Energy management and control technology of extended range electric vehicles is one of the core research contents, and at present, many researches on energy control strategies of extended range electric vehicles are being conducted, but the effects are different. For example, although the thermostat control strategy avoids frequent start and stop of an engine, the fuel consumption rate and the emission of the range extender reach the best, the repeated charge-discharge current excitation accelerates the service life decay of the power battery, and the energy conversion efficiency is lower due to the large charge of the power battery; although the power following control strategy avoids the condition of frequent charging and discharging of the power battery and ensures the normal service life of the battery, the power following control strategy can cause frequent starting and stopping of the engine, so that the power fluctuation of the engine is overlarge, the efficiency is lower, and the economical efficiency and the emission performance are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an energy management control method for a range-extended electric vehicle, which properly avoids the problems of service life attenuation of a power battery and lower engine efficiency in the prior art of range-extended electric vehicles, thereby ensuring the service life of the battery and improving the working efficiency of a range extender; the power performance of the extended range electric automobile is further guaranteed, the fuel economy and the emission performance of the whole automobile are improved, and the urban air quality is improved to a certain extent.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an energy management control method for an extended range electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the power requirement of the whole vehicle and referring to the universal characteristic curve diagram of the engine, respectively selecting a working point when the engine is in light load, medium load and high load, and respectively defining the selected three working points as a working point 1, a working point 2 and a working point 3 of the range extender, wherein the output power of the engine corresponding to the three working points is P1, P2 and P3;
s2: setting two battery SOC trigger points, namely SOC _ high and SOC _ low, according to the performance of the power battery; setting two vehicle speed trigger points, namely V _ high and V _ low, according to the power performance of the whole vehicle;
s3: according to different power battery SOC values and the current vehicle speed value, the battery SOC trigger point and the vehicle speed trigger point selected in the step S2 are used as references, the operating point of the engine is switched by combining the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, and energy distribution is performed on the whole vehicle under different loads:
s31: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is more than or equal to SOC _ high, the power battery only provides required energy for the whole vehicle at any speed;
s32: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is less than SOC _ high and less than SOC _ low, calculating the current vehicle speed V, detecting the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, switching the working points of an engine, and distributing energy to the whole vehicle;
s33: and when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is less than the SOC _ low, calculating the current vehicle speed V, detecting the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, switching the working point of the engine, and distributing energy to the whole vehicle.
Further, the step S32 specifically includes the following steps:
A. when V is larger than or equal to V _ high, if the accelerator pedal is detected to be opened, the range extender is started to work at a working point 3 corresponding to the heavy load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal is not detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to the heavy load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
B. when V _ low is less than or equal to V _ high, if the accelerator pedal is detected to be opened, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal is not detected, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
C. when V is less than V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is started or the road gradient is detected, the range extender works at a working point 1 corresponding to light load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal and the gradient information are not detected, the range extender works at a working point 1 corresponding to the light load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently.
Further, the step S33 specifically includes the following steps:
A. when V is larger than or equal to V _ low, the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information do not need to be detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to high load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
B. when V is less than V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is started or the road gradient is detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to high load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides required energy for the whole vehicle independently; if the accelerator pedal signal and the gradient information are not detected, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently.
Further, the SOC _ high in the step S2 is 30% -40% of the total electric quantity of the power battery, and the SOC _ low is 5% -10% of the total electric quantity of the power battery.
Further, V _ high in the step S2 is 70-80km/h, and V _ low is 40-50 km/h.
Further, the road gradient information in the step S32 and the step S33 should be equal to or more than 3%.
Further, the road gradient information in the step S32 and the step S33 should be ≧ 5%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the multi-working-point control strategy used in the invention effectively solves the problem of battery life attenuation caused by repeated charge and discharge of the power battery after the range extender works, and also better avoids the conditions of frequent start and stop of the engine and power fluctuation after the range extender is started, thereby ensuring the normal service life of the battery and improving the working efficiency of the engine;
on the basis of the original multi-working-point control strategy, the idea that the state of an accelerator pedal and the road gradient information are used as the basis for switching the working points is introduced, so that the original control strategy further meets the driving requirement, the power performance of the whole vehicle is ensured, the fuel economy and the emission performance of the whole vehicle are improved, and the urban air quality is improved to a certain extent;
the original multi-working-point energy control strategy is modified and perfected in control logic, and the trigger conditions of the accelerator pedal state and the road gradient information are added, so that the original strategy better meets the actual driving conditions and requirements, the economy and the emission of the engine are improved to a certain extent on the basis of ensuring the power performance of the whole vehicle, and the normal service life of a battery is favorably ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control flowchart of an energy management control method for an extended range electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an energy management control method for a range-extended electric vehicle, and the specific control flow of the method refers to fig. 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the power requirement of the whole vehicle and referring to the universal characteristic curve diagram of the engine, one working point is selected when the engine is in light load, medium load and high load, the three selected working points are respectively defined as a working point 1, a working point 2 and a working point 3 of the range extender, and the output power of the engine corresponding to the three working points is P1, P2 and P3.
S2: setting two battery SOC (State of Chagre) trigger points, namely SOC _ high and SOC _ low, according to the performance of the power battery; according to the power performance of the whole vehicle, two vehicle speed trigger points, namely V _ high and V _ low, are set, and energy distribution is carried out on the whole vehicle under different loads according to the parameters;
s3: according to different power battery SOC values and the current vehicle speed value, the battery SOC trigger point and the vehicle speed trigger point selected in the step S2 are taken as references, the operating point of the engine is switched by combining the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, and energy distribution is carried out on the whole vehicle under different loads;
s31: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is more than or equal to the SOC _ high, the power battery provides required energy for the whole vehicle at any speed no matter whether the whole vehicle is accelerated or not and whether the whole vehicle is uphill or not;
s32: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is smaller than the SOC _ high and is larger than or equal to the SOC _ low, the current vehicle speed V is calculated at the moment, and the accelerator pedal state and the road gradient information are detected:
A. when V is larger than or equal to V _ high, if the accelerator pedal is detected to be opened, the range extender is started to work at a working point 3 corresponding to the heavy load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal is not detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to the heavy load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
B. when V is between V _ high and V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is detected to be opened, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal is not detected, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
C. when V is smaller than V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is started or the road gradient is detected, the range extender works at a working point 1 corresponding to light load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal and the gradient information are not detected, the range extender works at a working point 1 corresponding to the light load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
s33: when the electric quantity of the power battery is less than SOC _ low, the current vehicle speed V is calculated, and the state of an accelerator pedal and the road gradient information are detected:
A. when V is larger than or equal to V _ low, the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information do not need to be detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to high load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
B. when V is smaller than V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is started or the road gradient is detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to high load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides required energy for the whole vehicle independently; if the accelerator pedal signal and the gradient information are not detected, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently.
In the above steps, the road gradient detection is only considered when the current vehicle speed V is less than V _ low, because the vehicle speeds are all low when ascending a slope in general driving, and a higher vehicle speed runs on a road surface with a larger gradient, which is not in accordance with the actual driving situation. Therefore, when the vehicle speed V is larger, the influence of the road gradient on the whole vehicle control strategy is not considered.
Preferably, the 3 operating points in the step S1 are all corresponding optimal fuel economy points.
Preferably, the SOC _ high in the step S2 generally takes 30% -40% of the total electric quantity of the power battery, and the SOC _ low generally takes 5% -10% of the total electric quantity of the power battery, and the selection needs to be performed with reference to specific performance characteristics of the battery.
Preferably, the V _ high in the step S2 is generally 70-80km/h, the V _ low is generally 40-50km/h, and the V _ high and the V _ low are selected according to the specific dynamic performance characteristics of the whole vehicle.
Preferably, the magnitude of the road gradient information in steps S32 and S33 generally refers to 3% -5% or more (referring to the specific power performance characteristics of the whole vehicle), and the road gradient smaller than the gradient value is not considered as a factor affecting the control strategy.
Claims (5)
1. An energy management control method for an extended range electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: according to the power requirement of the whole vehicle and referring to the universal characteristic curve diagram of the engine, respectively selecting a working point when the engine is in light load, medium load and high load, and respectively defining the selected three working points as a working point 1, a working point 2 and a working point 3 of the range extender, wherein the output power of the engine corresponding to the three working points is P1, P2 and P3;
s2: setting two battery SOC trigger points, namely SOC _ high and SOC _ low, according to the performance of the power battery; setting two vehicle speed trigger points, namely V _ high and V _ low, according to the power performance of the whole vehicle;
s3: according to different power battery SOC values and the current vehicle speed value, the battery SOC trigger point and the vehicle speed trigger point selected in the step S2 are used as references, the operating point of the engine is switched by combining the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, and energy distribution is performed on the whole vehicle under different loads:
s31: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is more than or equal to SOC _ high, the power battery only provides required energy for the whole vehicle at any speed;
s32: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is less than SOC _ high and less than SOC _ low, calculating the current vehicle speed V, detecting the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, switching the working points of an engine, and distributing energy to the whole vehicle; the step S32 specifically includes:
A. when V is larger than or equal to V _ high, if the accelerator pedal is detected to be opened, the range extender is started to work at a working point 3 corresponding to the heavy load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal is not detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to the heavy load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
B. when V _ low is less than or equal to V _ high, if the accelerator pedal is detected to be opened, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal is not detected, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
C. when V is less than V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is started or the road gradient is detected, the range extender works at a working point 1 corresponding to light load, and the range extender and the power battery jointly provide required energy for the whole vehicle; if the accelerator pedal signal and the gradient information are not detected, the range extender works at a working point 1 corresponding to the light load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
s33: when the electric quantity of the power battery meets the condition that the SOC is less than the SOC _ low, calculating the current vehicle speed V, detecting the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information, switching the working points of an engine, and distributing energy to the whole vehicle; the step S33 specifically includes the following steps:
A. when V is larger than or equal to V _ low, the state of an accelerator pedal and road gradient information do not need to be detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to high load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides required energy for the whole vehicle independently;
B. when V is less than V _ low, if the accelerator pedal is started or the road gradient is detected, the range extender works at a working point 3 corresponding to high load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides required energy for the whole vehicle independently; if the accelerator pedal signal and the gradient information are not detected, the range extender works at a working point 2 corresponding to the medium load, the power battery does not provide energy for the whole vehicle any more, and the range extender provides the required energy for the whole vehicle independently.
2. The energy management and control method of claim 1, wherein the SOC _ high in the step S2 is 30-40% of the total electric quantity of the power battery, and the SOC _ low is 5-10% of the total electric quantity of the power battery.
3. The energy management and control method of an extended range electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein V _ high in step S2 is 70-80km/h, and V _ low is 40-50 km/h.
4. The energy management and control method of claim 1, wherein the road grade information in step S32 and step S33 is equal to or greater than 3%.
5. The energy management and control method of claim 4, wherein the road grade information in step S32 and step S33 is greater than or equal to 5%.
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