CN112316467B - Negative pressure type molecular distiller - Google Patents

Negative pressure type molecular distiller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112316467B
CN112316467B CN202011445367.6A CN202011445367A CN112316467B CN 112316467 B CN112316467 B CN 112316467B CN 202011445367 A CN202011445367 A CN 202011445367A CN 112316467 B CN112316467 B CN 112316467B
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feed liquid
barrel
air pipe
condensation
evaporation
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CN112316467A (en
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赵金刚
徐杰
薛镇峰
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Anhui Jinhe Industrial Co Ltd
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Anhui Jinhe Industrial Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D3/00Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/12Molecular distillation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular distillators, in particular to a negative pressure type molecular distillator, which comprises: a feed liquid barrel, a barrel cover, an evaporation barrel, a heating net, a baffle plate, a condensation air pipe and a feed liquid pump, wherein the feed liquid barrel is shaped like a cylindrical container, the bottom surface of the container is conical, the feed liquid flows from the middle part to the periphery in the container, an annular feed opening is arranged around the outer ring of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, an air pipe is arranged at the center of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, the height of the air pipe is higher than that of the feed liquid, cold air flow is introduced into the air pipe, the invention can condense to form liquid in the following steps, the barrel cover is in a cylindrical cover shape, the upper end surface is provided with holes for the air pipe to pass through, the invention uniformly flows feed liquid through the heating net area, the material liquid which continuously falls and is uniformly heated, the evaporation is more uniform, the material liquid can be fully evaporated in the area passing through the heating net, the problem of solid phase generation during heating is solved by heating the small-volume feed liquid drops in a dispersing manner.

Description

Negative pressure type molecular distiller
Technical Field
The invention relates to an evaporation device for organic materials, in particular to a negative pressure type molecular distiller.
Background
The current distillation means refers to a method for purifying and separating physical liquid from liquid or purifying solid and liquid, which is accompanied by heat conversion under a certain pressure, and when the gasified liquid meets a low temperature, the gasified liquid is liquefied and reduced into liquid, which is called distillation.
The general distiller often generates solid phase substances in the distillation process, the solid phase substances are possibly generated due to too long heating time or too high heating temperature, the solid phase substances are difficult to clean on a precision instrument, the solid phase substances are carelessly removed slightly or too many times, and the precision and the abandonment of the precision instrument are even caused.
The industrial distillation purification is a value-added processing activity, and for the feed liquid with high boiling point, high requirement on heat sensitivity, excessive impurities and low processing added value, the significant problem in the current distillation field is to realize obvious economic benefit by purifying and analyzing the feed liquid by the existing distillation purification technology.
In the prior art, the existing distiller has the problems of complex structure, low efficiency, long working period and the like, and the problems of generation of solid phase substances and low energy consumption occur, so that the short working period and the long maintenance period are inevitably formed when the high-boiling-point high-heat-sensitivity material liquid which contains more impurities and has low processing added value is processed due to the structure of the device, and the economic benefit of material liquid processing is inevitably reflected due to overhigh processing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the present invention solves the problems of generation of solid phase during distillation, low operation efficiency, and complicated structure by improving the heating structure and the condensation process. The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme:
a negative pressure molecular still, comprising: the device comprises a feed liquid barrel, a barrel cover, an evaporation barrel, a heating net, a blocking plate, a condensation air pipe and a feed liquid pump;
the feed liquid barrel is in a cylindrical container shape, the bottom surface of the container is in a conical shape, feed liquid flows from the middle part to the periphery in the container, an annular feed opening is arranged around the outer ring of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, an air pipe is arranged at the center of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, the height of the air pipe is higher than that of the feed liquid, the feed liquid is prevented from entering, and cold air flow is introduced into the air pipe to be condensed into liquid in the following steps;
the barrel cover is cylindrical and cover-shaped, the upper end surface of the barrel cover is provided with a hole for the air pipe to pass through, the barrel cover is arranged above the feed liquid barrel and forms air tightness with the feed liquid barrel to prevent the overflow of feed liquid, the evaporation barrel is arranged below the feed liquid barrel, the evaporation barrel is cylindrical and is matched with the feed liquid barrel to form air tightness, the overflow of steam and feed liquid in the evaporation barrel is avoided, the bottom of the evaporation barrel is provided with a hole for facilitating the outflow of condensed liquid later, and the outflow of feed liquid is avoided;
the heating net is arranged close to the inner wall of the evaporation barrel in an annular shape and is overlapped layer by layer, so that the falling feed liquid can be fully evaporated to the maximum extent, the heating net is wound by a circle in order by a spiral way, the position of the heating net is aligned with the feed opening at the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, the feed liquid falls onto the heating net along the feed opening and flows along the heating net, and finally the incompletely evaporated feed liquid continuously falls until the incompletely evaporated feed liquid falls into the bottom of the evaporation barrel; the middle part of the evaporation barrel is provided with a blocking plate, the blocking plate is in a hollow circular ring with a large upper ring and a small lower ring, when the feed liquid is evaporated to generate steam, the feed liquid is blocked from approaching the middle part of the blocking plate, and the feed liquid is blocked outside the blocking plate or falls to the bottom of the evaporation barrel along the inclined slope of the blocking plate;
the condensation air pipe is of a hollow structure, the upper end and the lower end of the condensation air pipe are respectively provided with a condensation air pipe throat part, the cross section of the condensation air pipe throat part is far smaller than that of the condensation air pipe, two low-pressure air inlets are arranged in the condensation air pipe throat parts, the condensation air pipe is provided with four low-pressure air inlets, the venturi pipe is manufactured by adopting a Venturi principle, the venturi pipe is connected to the air pipe at the upper end opening part, cold air flow with a certain speed enters the air pipe, when the cold air flow reaches the two condensation air pipe throat parts, the small holes with small cross sections can be formed at the low-pressure air inlets, low pressure can suck steam in a steam barrel into the condensation air pipe, the steam is liquefied into liquid when meeting the cold air flow in the condensation air pipe, the liquid is brought out of the condensation air pipe by the cold air flow together, the low-pressure air inlets are horn-shaped, the four low-pressure air inlets are respectively arranged at the two condensation air pipe throat parts, the opening parts are larger, and evaporated gaseous feed liquid can be sucked into the condensation air pipe to the maximum extent, then, the cold air flow is discharged downwards through a through hole at the bottom of the evaporation barrel, a blocking plate is arranged outside the condensing air pipe to block the splashed feed liquid, and the feed liquid is placed into the condensing air pipe;
the feed liquid pump is formed by combining a pipeline and a pump, is arranged in the evaporation barrel, the upper end of the feed liquid pump is connected to the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, the lower end of the feed liquid pump can continuously pump feed liquid which is not completely evaporated into the feed liquid barrel, then the feed liquid pump can continuously carry out circulating distillation, and the feed liquid pump can furthest ensure the liquid of the required target component in the feed liquid after several times of circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the feed liquid uniformly flows through the heating net area, and is heated after continuously falling uniformly, so that the evaporation is more uniform, the feed liquid can be fully evaporated in the heating net area, and the problem of generating solid-phase substances during heating is solved by heating small-volume feed liquid drops in a dispersing manner;
2. the heating net is overlapped layer by layer and surrounds the lower part of the feed liquid drip, and continuous heating is carried out for a plurality of times in the falling process of the feed liquid, so that the requirement of evaporation conditions in the continuous falling process of the feed liquid can be met, the evaporation efficiency can be improved, and the problems of low heating efficiency and complex structure are solved;
3. according to the condensing device, the low-temperature airflow is continuously conveyed through the negative pressure pipe made by adopting the Venturi principle, low pressure is generated at the throat part of the condensing pipe, so that gas generated by evaporation is sucked, the gas enters the condensing pipe and is liquefied into liquid when meeting the low-temperature airflow, the liquid flows out along with the airflow, the design of the Venturi pipe is adopted, the condensing effect is improved, the structural design is simplified compared with that of a common device, and the problems of complex structure and low working efficiency are solved.
In conclusion, the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, has reasonable design and compact structure, and has higher social use value and application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the feed liquid barrel and the evaporation barrel of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the evaporation bucket of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the evaporation bucket of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the condensing air duct of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a feed liquid barrel; 11. a feeding port; 12. an air duct; 2. a barrel cover; 3. an evaporation barrel; 4. heating the net; 5. a barrier plate; 6. a condensing air pipe; 61. a condensing air duct throat; 62. a low-pressure air inlet; 7. and (6) a feed liquid pump.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those embodiments can be easily implemented by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, in order to more clearly describe the present invention, components not connected to the present invention will be omitted from the drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a negative pressure type molecular still includes: the device comprises a feed liquid barrel 1, a barrel cover 2, an evaporation barrel 3, a heating net 4, a barrier plate 5, a condensation air pipe 6 and a feed liquid pump 7;
the feed liquid barrel 1 is a cylindrical container, the bottom surface of the container is conical, feed liquid flows from the middle to the periphery in the container, an annular feed opening 11 is formed in the periphery of the outer ring of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel 1, the feed liquid falls from the feed opening 11 during operation, the feed liquid in the center of the barrel can be supplemented to the periphery due to the conical bottom of the feed liquid barrel 1, an air pipe 12 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel 1, the height of the air pipe 12 is higher than that of the feed liquid, the feed liquid is prevented from entering, and cold air flow is introduced into the air pipe 12, so that condensation can be performed in the following steps to form liquid;
the barrel cover 2 is cylindrical and cover-shaped, a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the barrel cover to facilitate the penetration of the air pipe 12, and the barrel cover 2 is arranged above the feed liquid barrel 1 and forms air tightness with the feed liquid barrel 1 to prevent the overflow of feed liquid;
the evaporation barrel 3 is arranged below the feed liquid barrel 1, the evaporation barrel 3 is in a cylindrical container shape and is matched with the feed liquid barrel 1 to form air tightness, steam and feed liquid in the evaporation barrel 3 cannot overflow, and a hole is formed in the bottom of the evaporation barrel, so that condensed liquid can flow out conveniently and the feed liquid cannot flow out;
the heating net 4 is arranged close to the inner wall of the evaporation barrel 3 in an annular shape and is overlapped layer by layer, so that the falling feed liquid can be fully evaporated to the maximum extent, the heating net 4 is wound around a circle by a spiral, the position of the heating net 4 is aligned with the feed opening 11 at the bottom of the feed liquid barrel 1, the feed liquid falls onto the heating net 4 along the feed opening 11 and flows along the heating net 4, and finally the incompletely evaporated feed liquid continuously falls until the incompletely evaporated feed liquid falls into the bottom of the evaporation barrel 3; a blocking plate 5 is arranged in the middle of the evaporation barrel 3, the blocking plate 5 is in the shape of a hollow circular ring with a large upper ring and a small lower ring, when the feed liquid is evaporated to generate steam, the feed liquid is blocked from approaching the middle of the blocking plate 5, and is blocked to the outside of the blocking plate 5 or falls to the bottom of the evaporation barrel 3 along the inclined slope of the blocking plate 5;
the condensation air duct 6 is of a hollow structure, the upper end and the lower end of the condensation air duct are respectively provided with a condensation air duct throat 61, the cross section of the condensation air duct throat 61 is far smaller than that of the condensation air duct 6, the condensation air duct throat 61 is internally provided with two low-pressure air inlets 62, the design adopts a Venturi tube made by the Venturi principle, the Venturi tube is connected to the air duct 12 at the upper end opening, the air duct 12 enters cold air flow with certain speed, when the cold air flow reaches the two condensation air duct throats 61, small holes with small cross sections are formed, the low-pressure air inlets 62 generate low pressure, the low pressure can suck steam in the steam barrel 3 into the condensation air ducts, the steam is liquefied into liquid when encountering the cold air flow in the condensation air duct 6 and is taken out of the condensation air duct 6 by the cold air flow, the low-pressure air inlets 62 are trumpet-shaped, the four low-pressure air inlets are respectively arranged at the two condensation air duct throats 61, the large openings can suck evaporated gaseous feed liquid to the maximum, then, the cold air flows downwards and is discharged through a through hole at the bottom of the evaporation barrel 3, a blocking plate 5 is arranged outside the condensing air pipe 6 and can block splashed feed liquid, and the feed liquid is placed into the condensing air pipe 6;
the feed liquid pump 7 is formed by combining a pipeline and a pump, is arranged in the evaporation barrel 3, the upper end of the feed liquid pump is connected to the bottom of the feed liquid barrel 1, the lower end of the feed liquid pump can continuously pump feed liquid which is not completely evaporated into the feed liquid barrel 1, then the cyclic distillation is continuously carried out, and the liquid of the required target component in the feed liquid can be ensured to the maximum extent after a plurality of cycles.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
firstly, feed liquid enters a feed liquid barrel 1, because the bottom of the feed liquid barrel 1 is conical, the feed liquid falling from a feed opening 11 can be rapidly supplemented by the feed liquid in the middle, the feed liquid is divided into droplets with small components through the feed opening 11, the droplets enter an evaporation barrel 3 and drip onto a heating net 4, the droplets of the feed liquid start to evaporate through the heating net 4 arranged in a surrounding way layer by layer to generate steam, the steam does not continuously fall along the heating net 4, cold air flow is pumped into a condensation air pipe 6 through an air pipe 12, the condensation air pipe 6 is designed by adopting a Venturi principle, a low-pressure air inlet 62 arranged at a throat part 61 of the condensation air pipe sucks surrounding steam due to the low-pressure effect, a small amount of droplets are blocked outside by a blocking plate 5 and fall along a group of blocking plates 5, target steam entering the condensation air pipe 6 can be liquefied into liquid when meeting the cold air flow and flows out through a through hole at the bottom of the evaporation barrel 3 along with the cold air flow, after evaporation, the incompletely distilled feed liquid in the evaporation barrel 3 is pumped back to the feed liquid barrel 1 by the feed liquid pump 7 for continuous circulation.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; they may be mechanically coupled, directly coupled, or indirectly coupled through intervening agents, both internally and/or in any other manner known to those skilled in the art. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A negative pressure molecular still, comprising: feed liquid bucket (1), bung (2) and evaporating bucket (3), its characterized in that: the feed liquid barrel (1) is in a cylindrical container shape, an annular feed opening (11) is formed in the periphery of the outer ring of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel, an air pipe (12) is arranged in the center of the bottom of the feed liquid barrel (1) in an inserting mode, and the height of the air pipe (12) is higher than that of feed liquid; the evaporation barrel (3) is arranged below the feed liquid barrel (1), the evaporation barrel (3) is in a cylindrical container shape, and a through hole is formed in the bottom of the evaporation barrel (3); the inner wall of the evaporation barrel (3) is provided with a heating net (4), the heating net (4) is of an annular structure and is arranged close to the inner wall of the evaporation barrel (3), the heating nets (4) are overlapped layer by layer, the heating nets (4) spirally and orderly surround a circle, the positions of the heating nets (4) and an annular feed opening (11) at the bottom of the feed liquid barrel (1) are aligned with each other, a condensation air pipe (6) is also arranged in the evaporation barrel (3), an upper end opening of the condensation air pipe (6) is connected with an air pipe (12), and the lower end of the condensation air pipe (6) is connected with a bottom through hole of the evaporation barrel (3);
the condensation air pipe (6) is of a hollow structure, the upper end and the lower end of the condensation air pipe are respectively provided with a condensation air pipe throat part (61), the section of the condensation air pipe throat part (61) is far smaller than that of the condensation air pipe (6), and two low-pressure air inlets (62) are arranged in the condensation air pipe throat part (61); the low-pressure air inlets (62) are trumpet-shaped, and four groups of low-pressure air inlets (62) are respectively arranged on two sides of throats (61) of the two condensation air pipes;
the design adopts a Venturi tube made by adopting a Venturi principle, an opening at the upper end is connected to an air pipe (12), cold air flow with a certain speed enters from the air pipe (12), when the cold air flow reaches two condensation air pipe throats (61), small holes with small cross sections can be formed, low pressure is generated at a low-pressure air inlet (62), steam in an evaporation barrel (3) can be sucked into the condensation air pipes by the low pressure, the steam is liquefied into liquid when meeting the cold air flow in the condensation air pipe (6) and is taken out of the condensation air pipe (6) by the cold air flow, the shape of the low-pressure air inlet (62) is horn-shaped, four parts are respectively arranged at the two condensation air pipe throats (61), the opening is large, evaporated gaseous feed liquid can be sucked to the maximum, then the feed liquid can be discharged downwards through a through hole at the bottom of the evaporation barrel (3) along with the cold air flow, feed liquid which can be separated by a separation plate (5) is arranged outside the condensation air pipe (6), the feed liquid is placed into a condensing air pipe (6).
2. The negative pressure molecular still of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the feed liquid barrel (1) is in a conical shape with a convex middle part.
3. The negative pressure molecular still of claim 1, wherein: the barrel cover (2) is cylindrical and cover-shaped, a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the barrel cover (2), the upper end of the air pipe (12) penetrates through the hole in the barrel cover (2), and the barrel cover (2) is arranged above the feed liquid barrel (1).
4. The negative pressure molecular still of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of evaporation bucket (3) is provided with baffler (5), baffler (5) are located the outside of condensation tuber pipe (6), baffler (5) shape is the big, the little hollow ring of lower ring of fitting with a contraceptive ring.
5. The negative pressure molecular still of claim 1, wherein: still be provided with feed liquid pump (7) in evaporating bucket (3), form by pipeline and pump combination, the upper end of feed liquid pump (7) is connected to the bottom of feed liquid bucket (1), and the lower extreme of feed liquid pump (7) is connected to the bottom of evaporating bucket (3).
CN202011445367.6A 2020-12-09 2020-12-09 Negative pressure type molecular distiller Active CN112316467B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112933635B (en) * 2021-03-04 2022-04-12 安徽金禾实业股份有限公司 Surrounding centrifugal type sucrose-6-ester continuous production equipment and production method
CN112973164B (en) * 2021-03-04 2022-09-02 安徽金禾实业股份有限公司 High-efficiency sucrose 6 ester continuous production equipment and method

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CN1019073B (en) * 1989-10-30 1992-11-18 西南合成制药厂 Baffle-less roll daubing type thin-membrane short-range distiller
GB2268418A (en) * 1992-07-09 1994-01-12 Stephen Thomas Howard Separation of components of mixtures
US6852145B2 (en) * 1999-12-23 2005-02-08 Ide Til Produkt As Method, apparatus and system for the condensation of vapors and gases
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