CN112316352A - Composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112316352A CN112316352A CN202010925694.5A CN202010925694A CN112316352A CN 112316352 A CN112316352 A CN 112316352A CN 202010925694 A CN202010925694 A CN 202010925694A CN 112316352 A CN112316352 A CN 112316352A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of novel chelating agents, cement and solid waste environment protection. The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises a chelating agent, sodium thiosulfate, water and cement. The composition for curing the waste incineration fly ash greatly improves the chelating capacity, the chelating speed and the removal rate by applying the artificially synthesized high molecules, thereby getting rid of the defects of high residue rate and high use cost, and curing by cement to prepare a cured substance with stable and excellent performance and structure, and effectively curing heavy metals and organic pollutants in the fly ash by fully utilizing the high adsorption performance and excellent mechanical property of the cured substance, thereby greatly reducing the percolation of polluted toxicants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of novel chelating agents, cement and solid waste environment protection.
Background
In the process of urbanization, garbage is once a burden for urban development as a product of urban metabolism, and many cities in the world have the situation of surrounding garbage. The garbage incineration method is really a garbage treatment method practiced for many years, and can effectively reduce the land area occupied by landfill and the like.
The waste incineration generates fly ash, and the fly ash is regulated according to the pollution control standard for domestic waste incineration (GB 18485-2014): the household garbage incineration fly ash is managed according to dangerous waste. The disposal difficulties and hazards of fly ash are greatest. Fly ash is extremely toxic and contains the most toxic inorganic "heavy metals" and the most toxic organic "dioxins". The fly ash contains the most toxic inorganic "heavy metals", and therefore, the fly ash must be collected separately, and must not be mixed with household garbage, incineration residue, etc., nor other hazardous wastes.
The production place of the household garbage incineration fly ash needs to be subjected to necessary stabilizing and curing treatment, and the household garbage incineration fly ash can be transported and buried after the stabilizing and curing treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of chelating agent, 30-150 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 250-500 parts of water and 80-250 parts of cement.
In the composition, the chelating agent is an amino chelating agent, and the fly ash chelating agent captures and chelates various heavy metals in fly ash by artificially synthesizing a macromolecular chelating group and generates a water-insoluble heavy metal chelate. By applying the artificially synthesized polymer, the chelating capacity, the chelating speed and the removal rate are greatly improved, so that the defects of high residue rate and high use cost are overcome, the cement is used for curing, a cured product with stable performance and structure and excellent mechanical property is prepared, the high adsorption property and the excellent mechanical property of the cured product are fully utilized, heavy metals and organic pollutants in fly ash are effectively cured, and the percolation of polluted toxics is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the chelating agent to the cement is 5: 8-5: 2.
The applicant of the present invention has verified through a plurality of experiments that the composition prepared by adding the chelating agent and the cement in the above ratio has the best overall performance.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the above composition, comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing a chelating agent, sodium thiosulfate and water, and carrying out coordination reaction at the temperature of 65-110 ℃ for 0.5-2h to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) and (2) adding cement into the reaction solution obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, namely the composition.
The cement is used for curing, so that a cured product with stable performance and structure and excellent performance can be prepared, and is combined with a chelating agent, thereby effectively curing heavy metals and organic pollutants in the fly ash and greatly reducing the percolation of pollution poisons.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the application of the composition in solidifying waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
and pouring the waste incineration fly ash into the composition, uniformly stirring, and standing the stirred mixture to obtain the chelating agent-cement-based urban waste incineration fly ash solidified substance.
Preferably, the addition amount of the waste incineration fly ash accounts for more than or equal to 30 wt% of the composition in percentage by mass.
The fly ash chelating agent is applied to the artificially synthesized high molecules, so that the chelating capacity, the chelating speed and the removal rate are greatly improved, and the defects of high residual rate and high use cost are overcome.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composition can realize the cooperative resource recycling of industrial and agricultural solid wastes such as cement, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and the like, realizes the harmless disposal of fly ash, has simple technical operation method, abundant raw materials, low carbon, environmental protection, economy, high efficiency and environmental protection, greatly saves the disposal cost and landfill space, and has obvious technical advantages and economic and environmental protection significance.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the composition for curing the waste incineration fly ash and the preparation method and the application thereof, the composition can realize the cooperative resource recycling of industrial and agricultural solid wastes such as cement, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and the like, realizes the harmless treatment of the fly ash, has simple technical operation method, abundant raw materials, low carbon, environmental protection, economy, high efficiency and environmental protection, greatly saves the treatment cost and landfill space, and has obvious technical advantages and economic and environmental protection significance.
Example 1
The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of cement, 40 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 60 parts of a chelating agent and 250 parts of water.
The preparation method of the composition described in this example comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, adding water into a reaction kettle, heating to 65 ℃, adding a chelating agent and sodium thiosulfate into hot water, and uniformly mixing for 0.5 h;
(2) and cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixed solution of the chelating agent and the sodium thiosulfate into a mixer, adding the curing agent cement, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composition.
The application of the composition in solidifying waste incineration fly ash comprises the following steps:
pouring 135 parts of waste incineration fly ash into the composition, stirring for 5-10 minutes, pouring the mixture into a ton bag, a mold or a self-dumping car, transporting to a maintenance area, standing for a period of time to obtain a chelating agent-cement-based municipal waste incineration fly ash solidified substance, and then carrying out correlation performance measurement.
According to the composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash, the preparation method and the application thereof, researches show that the method can effectively bond and seal heavy metals and organic pollutants in the fly ash in a solidified body. Tests show that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 9.4MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Example 2
The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight:
200 parts of cement, 100 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 150 parts of a chelating agent and 250 parts of water.
The preparation method of the composition described in this example comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, adding water into a reaction kettle, heating to 80 ℃, adding a chelating agent and sodium thiosulfate into hot water, and uniformly mixing for 1.0 h;
(2) and cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixed solution of the chelating agent and the sodium thiosulfate into a mixer, adding the curing agent cement, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composition.
The application of the composition in solidifying waste incineration fly ash comprises the following steps:
210 parts of waste incineration fly ash is poured into the composition, the mixture is stirred for 5-10 minutes, the mixture is poured into a ton bag, a mould or a self-dumping car, the mixture is transported to a maintenance area, after a period of time of standing, a chelating agent-cement-based municipal waste incineration fly ash solidified substance is obtained, and then correlation performance measurement is carried out.
Tests show that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 15.6MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Example 3
The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight:
250 parts of cement, 120 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 200 parts of a chelating agent and 450 parts of water.
The preparation method of the composition described in this example comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, adding water into a reaction kettle, heating to 110 ℃, adding a chelating agent and sodium thiosulfate into hot water, and uniformly mixing for 2.0 h;
(2) and cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixed solution of the chelating agent and the sodium thiosulfate into a mixer, adding the curing agent cement, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composition.
The application of the composition in the present example in solidifying waste incineration fly ash is the same as in example 2, wherein the addition amount of the waste incineration fly ash is 310 parts.
Tests show that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 11.9MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Example 4
The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight:
180 parts of cement, 150 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 170 parts of a chelating agent and 450 parts of water.
The preparation method and application of the composition described in this example are the same as those of example 2, wherein the added amount of the waste incineration fly ash is 285 parts.
Tests show that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 14.7MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Example 5
The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight:
80 parts of cement, 30 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 50 parts of a chelating agent and 500 parts of water.
The preparation method and application of the composition described in this example are the same as those of example 2, wherein the added amount of the waste incineration fly ash is 200 parts.
Tests show that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 10.5MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Example 6
The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight:
80 parts of cement, 30 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 200 parts of a chelating agent and 500 parts of water.
The preparation method and application of the composition described in this example are the same as those of example 2, wherein 245 parts of waste incineration fly ash is added.
Tests show that the minimum compression strength of the solidified body of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 14.9MPa, the solidified body of the fly ash meets the strength requirement of China on the solidified body of the fly ash, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, zinc and the like is lower than the pollution control standard limit of China's domestic waste landfill.
Examples the leaching toxicity of heavy metals in the cured bodies is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Leaching toxicity mg/L of heavy metals in the solidified bodies described in the examples
As can be seen from table 1, in examples 1 to 6, the leaching amount of heavy metals was very low, indicating that the composition prepared by the formulation disclosed in the present invention can cure waste incineration fly ash well.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The composition for solidifying the waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of chelating agent, 30-150 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 250-500 parts of water and 80-250 parts of cement.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the chelating agent to the cement is 5:8 to 5: 2.
3. A method of preparing the composition of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing a chelating agent, sodium thiosulfate and water, and carrying out coordination reaction at the temperature of 65-110 ℃ for 0.5-2h to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) and (2) adding cement into the reaction solution obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, namely the composition.
4. Use of the composition of claim 1 for the solidification of fly ash from waste incineration.
5. The use according to claim 4, comprising the steps of:
and pouring the waste incineration fly ash into the composition, uniformly stirring, and standing the stirred mixture to obtain the chelating agent-cement-based urban waste incineration fly ash solidified substance.
6. The use of claim 5, wherein the fly ash from waste incineration is added in an amount of 30 wt% or more based on the mass of the composition.
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| CN202010925694.5A CN112316352A (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202010925694.5A CN112316352A (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Composition for solidifying waste incineration fly ash and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114321939A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-12 | 北京北控绿海能环保有限公司 | Waste incineration treatment process |
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