CN112315428B - Optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury - Google Patents
Optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury Download PDFInfo
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- CN112315428B CN112315428B CN202011215089.5A CN202011215089A CN112315428B CN 112315428 B CN112315428 B CN 112315428B CN 202011215089 A CN202011215089 A CN 202011215089A CN 112315428 B CN112315428 B CN 112315428B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/22—Ergometry; Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
- A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
- A61B5/445—Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury, which at least comprises a first supporting body and a second supporting body, wherein the first supporting body and the second supporting body are used for sensing pressure, and the second supporting body can apply acting force to at least one first optical sensing unit arranged on a layer surface under the acting force of the deformation of the first supporting body so as to sense the stress information of the layer surface in a deformation/non-deformation state caused by the compression. Through this mode of setting up, make second supporter deformation and then to the stress that first optical sensing unit produced can detect the aspect and do not take place deformation or deformation to the effort of aspect when less through pulling or promotion, can convert this effort into optical information and sense to can acquire the small change in pressure area/human pressure effect region accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury.
Background
Pressure injury is local tissue ulceration, necrosis, due to blood circulation disturbance and lack of influence caused by long-term local tissue compression. Pressure injury is prone to bony tuberosity which is often stressed without muscle wrapping or with thin layers of muscle, lack of protection of adipose tissue. Endogenous factors of stress injury are mainly caused by various physical conditions of the patient, such as aging deterioration, hypomotility, malnutrition, and underweight. Exogenous factors are mainly pressure, shear force, friction, moisture, fecal irritation, etc. The main means of pressure-based injury care are stress removal, skin protection and infection prevention, and therefore the detection of stress is very important for the assessment of pressure-based injuries. The main approach to predictive assessment of existing stress injuries is to use human stress measurements in combination with various stress injury assessment scales for assessment.
Existing pressure detection includes electrical sensing such as resistive sensing, capacitive sensing, piezoresistive sensing, and the like. However, electrical sensing is susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and therefore, optical sensors are also used in existing pressure sensing. The optical sensor has the advantages of radiation resistance, electromagnetic field interference resistance, simple process, small size, high sensitivity, high precision and the like. The detection of pressure by an optical pressure sensor is primarily based on the relationship between pressure and optical signal. Such as intensity of light, phase of light, wavelength of light (red shift of resonance peak, blue shift), etc. Currently, optical pressure sensors are mainly classified into optical fiber pressure sensors and optical pressure sensors based on planar optical waveguides. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN111150378A discloses a non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and method for multiple physical signs of sleep of a human body. The system comprises a mattress, a plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors, a decoupling instrument and an upper computer; the sign fiber grating sensor comprises a plurality of distributed fiber grating sensors, distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors; the physical sign fiber grating sensors are all fixedly arranged in fillers embedded between the mattress inner bed net and the fabric, and the depth is kept on the same horizontal plane; the physical fiber grating sensors are connected with the demodulator, and transmit output signals of the demodulator to an upper computer through serial ports, so as to monitor health states used in sleeping, including physical parameters such as heart rate, respiration and body temperature; and the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are analyzed according to the pressure field monitoring condition of the user in the sleeping state.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN111426411A discloses a multi-scale flexible light-sensing mechanical pressure sensor, which includes a flexible sensing layer, an optical fiber group and an optical fiber terminal, where the flexible sensing layer includes a flexible supporting layer and a sensing unit group disposed on the flexible supporting layer, the sensing unit group includes a plurality of sensing units, the optical fiber group includes a plurality of optical fibers corresponding to the sensing units, one end of each optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber terminal, and the other end of each optical fiber is sequentially wound on the sensing units, and the optical fiber terminal is provided with an optical fiber power supply module and an optical fiber status monitoring module.
For example, documents [1] O.Min-Chemol, K.kyung-Jo, and L.Sangg-Shin, "Optical Pressure Sensors Based on Vertical Directional Coupling With Flexible Polymer waveguides", [ J ]. Photonics Technology Letters, TEEE, vol.21, pp.501-503,2009 disclose an Optical waveguide Pressure sensor. The optical sensor is manufactured by utilizing a suspension structure of a straight waveguide. There is a suspended portion between the straight waveguide and the thin film. Pressure is applied to the membrane and deformation of the membrane causes a change in the separation between the membrane and the underlying waveguide. Because the spacing between the film and the straight waveguide is consistent with the coupling condition of the optical waveguide, there are light gaps between the film and the optical waveguide, some light in the straight waveguide will be coupled into the film, and as the coupling spacing is reduced, more light will enter the film. This results in a reduction in light in the straight waveguide, in response to a reduction in output light intensity at the output end of the straight waveguide. Further, this document also proposes a double-layer matrix optical sensor. Specifically, two layers of criss-cross straight waveguide matrix are used to measure the distribution and size of pressure.
The optical pressure sensor disclosed in the above document solves the main problems related to the process, the manufacturing difficulty, the mechanical properties, the detection limit, the sensitivity, and the like, and more importantly, the optical pressure sensor achieves the technical effect that the pressure can be sensed or the pressure value can be accurately monitored or the sensitivity of the optical pressure sensor can be improved. However, the above patent documents do not consider how to obtain an accurate pressure area and the influence of the pressure area edge pressure, i.e. the direction and magnitude of the force of the pressure on the edge area. In the evaluation of the stress injury, besides the change of the pressure value in the human body pressure distribution, the change of the influence of the pressure on the surrounding area needs to be acquired, so that the movement capability of the target crowd is evaluated, and the stress injury is objectively and accurately prevented and detected. There is therefore a need for an improved optical pressure sensor, providing an optical sensing device capable of detecting the edge area of the pressure application and the magnitude and direction of the force applied by the pressure to the edge area.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides an optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury, which at least comprises a first supporting body and a second supporting body for sensing pressure. The second support body can exert the effort thereby the sensing to at least one first optical sensing unit of setting on the aspect under the effort of first support body deformation the aspect pressurized takes place the atress information under the deformation/not take place the deformation state. The main problems solved by the current optical pressure sensing device or other pressure sensing devices for pressure damage detection are how to use the optical sensor for pressure detection, which generally solves the problems of process, manufacturing difficulty, mechanical performance, detection limit, sensitivity and the like of the optical sensor, more importantly, the optical pressure sensor achieves the technical effects of being capable of sensing pressure or accurately monitoring the pressure value or improving the sensitivity of the optical pressure sensor, the accurate sensing of the pressure value is only a small part of factors for evaluating the pressure damage occurrence, the existing optical pressure sensor has fuzzy or even no characterization on the pressure area, especially the characterization of the edge area of the pressure action, and the detection index based on single pressure cannot be objectively evaluated by matching a large number of subjective indexes when evaluating the pressure damage, greatly affects the prevention and detection of pressure injury and does not provide effective help to reduce medical cost and workload of medical workers. The present invention is based on the above problems, and can accurately obtain a pressure area by using a second support body capable of being linked with a first support body in addition to detecting a pressure index by using the first support body, and can accurately and highly sensitively characterize an edge region with less pressure influence. The mode of accurately and sensitively representing the edge area with small pressure influence is to pull or push the second support body to deform by the acting force generated when the first support body deforms. The deformation of the second support body transmits the acting force of the first support body to the corresponding first optical sensing unit, the cladding layer and even the core layer of the first optical sensing unit can be changed when the first optical sensing unit is stressed under the acting force, further, optical information of the first optical sensing unit, such as the intensity of light, the effective refractive index of the light (optical mode is changed, for example, single mode is changed into multiple mode), and the polarization of the light is changed, the acting force of the first optical sensing unit is transmitted through the changes, and the acting force of pressure on the edge of the first optical sensing unit can be accurately acquired through calibration. It should be noted that, generally, at the edge of the pressure acting area, because the pressure is weak, the layer surface may not deform or deform less, the invention can detect the acting force on the layer surface when the layer surface is not deformed or deforms less by pulling or pushing the second supporting body to deform and further the stress generated on the first optical sensing unit, and can convert the acting force into optical information for sensing, so as to accurately obtain the pressure area and the small change of the human body pressure acting area, i.e. the pressure distribution of the invention not only can accurately sense the pressure area, but also can sense the force and the direction of the pressure acting edge area. The change of the pressure area and the force and the direction of the pressure action edge area can be converted into objective indexes of the movement ability and the activity ability of the target crowd, so that the movement ability of the target crowd can be objectively evaluated, and the pressure injury can be objectively and accurately prevented and detected.
The invention also provides an optical sensing device for measuring the pressure injury of the human body, which at least comprises a first supporting body and a second supporting body provided with a second optical sensing unit. The second support body can change the distance between the second optical sensing unit and at least one first optical sensing unit arranged on the layer surface under the action force of the deformation of the first support body, so that the stress information in the deformation/non-deformation state is generated by the fact that the layer surface is pressed according to the optical information output by the first optical sensing unit and/or the second optical sensing unit.
The invention also provides an optical sensing device for measuring the pressure injury of the human body, which at least comprises a first support body and a second support body. The first supporting body is provided with a third optical sensing unit which can bear pressure, deform and change radius to sense the pressure. The second support body can exert the effort thereby the sensing to at least one first optical sensing unit of setting on the aspect under the effort of first support body deformation the aspect pressurized takes place the atress information under the deformation/not take place the deformation state. Or the second support body can change the distance between the second optical sensing unit connected/contacted with the second support body and at least one first optical sensing unit arranged on the layer surface under the action force of the deformation of the first support body, so that the stress information in the state that the layer surface is deformed/not deformed is sensed according to the optical information output by the first optical sensing unit and/or the second optical sensing unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first support is deformable under the pressure of the bearing layer. Under the condition that deformation takes place for first supporter, first supporter orientation the lateral wall of second supporter one side to second supporter one side extends. And/or the side wall of the first support body far away from the side of the second support body extends to the side far away from the second support body.
According to a preferred embodiment, a first connecting piece for transmitting the acting force generated by the deformation of the first supporting body is arranged between the first supporting body and the second supporting body. One end of the first connecting piece is connected with the first supporting body. The other end of the first connecting piece is connected with the second supporting body. Or the other end of the first connecting piece can abut against the second supporting body under the condition that the first supporting body deforms. Or one end of the first connecting piece is connected with the second supporting body. The other end of the first connecting piece can abut against the first supporting body under the condition that the first supporting body deforms.
According to a preferred embodiment, both ends of the second support are connected/in contact with the second connecting member. The second connector is connected to the deck. The first supporting body is deformed and transmits acting force to the second supporting body through the first connecting piece, and the second supporting body drives the second connecting piece to move towards the bedding surface under the acting force.
According to a preferred embodiment one end of the second connecting member is connected to the deck. The other end of the second connecting piece is connected with the second supporting body. Under the condition that the second support body drives the second connecting piece to move towards the layer surface, the second connecting piece acts on the first optical sensing unit to enable optical information of the first optical sensing unit to change. Or a third support is arranged between the second connecting piece and the layer surface. One side of the second connecting piece is connected/abutted with the second supporting body. The other side of the second connecting piece is provided with the second optical sensing unit. The second connecting piece can extend towards one side of the first optical sensing unit under the action of the second supporting body so as to reduce the distance between the second optical sensing unit and the first optical sensing unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the third optical sensing unit is sleeved on the first supporting body to form an optical resonant cavity, so that when the first supporting body deforms, the third optical sensing unit changes its radius, and thus the wavelength of the resonant peak shifts.
According to a preferred embodiment, the third optical sensing unit surrounds the first and second supports. Under the condition that the first supporting body deforms, the third optical sensing unit can drive the second supporting body to deform while the radius of the third optical sensing unit changes, and therefore the second supporting body drives the second connecting piece to be far away from the first optical sensing unit.
The invention also provides an optical sensing device for measuring the pressure injury of the human body, which at least comprises a second supporting body provided with a second optical sensing unit. The second optical sensing unit is disposed within a first optical sensing unit distance threshold on the layer plane. The second optical sensing unit can move relative to the first optical sensing unit under the action of the second support body so as to change optical information in the first optical sensing unit and the second optical sensing unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another preferred embodiment of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another preferred embodiment of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second optical sensing unit in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of an optical sensing cell array according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of the optical sensing unit array of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
10: first support 20: second support 30: first optical sensing unit
40: second optical sensing unit 50: third optical sensing unit
60: first connecting member 70: second connector 80: layer surface
90: light channel 100: the coupler 21: third connecting piece
71: third support 81: first layer 82: second layer
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The main principles of the invention are first explained:
the optical pressure sensor is arranged under the body of the target crowd, the pressure value of the target crowd is dynamically received in real time, more importantly, the change and the value of the pressure area are obtained, especially, the pressure area change is accurately obtained in the pressure weak area where the layer surface 80 is not deformed or deforms less. The obtained pressure area change data can be converted into the movement ability and the activity ability of the target crowd, so that the pressure injury can be objectively and accurately prevented and detected.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses an optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in whole and/or in part in the context of other embodiments, which can supplement the present embodiment, without resulting in conflict or inconsistency.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the optical sensing device includes at least a first support 10 and a second support 20 for sensing pressure. Deck 80 includes a first deck 81 and a second deck 82. The first support 10 and the second support 20 are located between the first layer 81 and the second layer 82. The second support 20 can apply an acting force to at least one first optical sensing unit 30 disposed on the layer surface 80 under the acting force of the deformation of the first support 10 so as to sense the stress information of the deformed/non-deformed state of the layer surface 80 under the compression. Preferably, the first optical sensing unit 30 may be an optical device such as an optical fiber or a planar optical waveguide. The main problems solved by the current optical pressure sensing device or other pressure sensing devices for pressure damage detection are how to use the optical sensor for pressure detection, which generally solves the problems of process, manufacturing difficulty, mechanical performance, detection limit, sensitivity and the like of the optical sensor, more importantly, the optical pressure sensor achieves the technical effects of being capable of sensing pressure or accurately monitoring the pressure value or improving the sensitivity of the optical pressure sensor, the accurate sensing of the pressure value is only a small part of factors for evaluating the pressure damage occurrence, the existing optical pressure sensor has fuzzy or even no characterization on the characterization of the pressure area, especially the edge area of the pressure action, and the detection index based on single pressure cannot be objectively evaluated by matching a large number of subjective indexes when evaluating the pressure damage, greatly affects the prevention and detection of pressure injury and does not provide effective help to reduce medical cost and workload of medical workers. The present invention is based on the above problems, and can precisely obtain a pressure area by using the second support 20 capable of interlocking with the first support 10 in addition to detecting a pressure index by using the first support 10, and can accurately and highly sensitively characterize an edge region having a small pressure influence. This way of accurately and highly sensitively characterizing the edge area with less pressure influence is to deform the second support 20 by pulling or pushing with the force generated when the first support 10 is deformed. The deformation of the second support 10 transmits the force generated by the second support to the first optical sensing unit 30, under the applied force, the first optical sensing unit 30 is stressed, the cladding layer and even the core layer of the first optical sensing unit 30 may be changed, and further, the optical information of the first optical sensing unit 30, such as the intensity of light, the effective refractive index of light (used for determining the optical mode in the first optical sensing unit 30, for example, the multimode is changed into the single mode, and can be judged by the imaged light spot), and the polarization of light are changed, so that the applied force is transmitted through the changes, and the force generated by the pressure on the edge of the first optical sensing unit can be accurately obtained through calibration. Through this mode of setting up, can obtain under the circumstances that aspect 80 is undeformed or deformation is very little whether the edge under its pressure effect produces the influence, and then can represent the effect area of pressure more accurately. It should be noted that, generally, at the edge of the pressure acting area, because the pressure is weak, the layer 80 may not deform or deform less, the present invention can detect the acting force on the layer when the layer 80 does not deform or deforms less by pulling or pushing the second supporting body 20 to deform and further generate the stress on the first optical sensing unit 30, and can convert the acting force into optical information for sensing, so as to accurately obtain the pressure area and the small change of the human body pressure acting area, that is, the pressure distribution of the present invention not only can accurately sense the pressure area, but also can sense the magnitude and direction of the force in the pressure acting edge area. The change of the pressure area and the force and the direction of the pressure action edge area can be converted into objective indexes of the movement ability and the activity ability of the target crowd, so that the movement ability of the target crowd can be objectively evaluated, and the pressure injury can be objectively and accurately prevented and detected.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the first support 10 may electrically detect the pressure value. In particular, the layer 80 may be a flexible film made of PDMS film, polyester film, or other materials. Preferably, a conductive layer can be deposited, spin-coated, and cured on the layer 80, or a thin film with conductive properties can be used. Preferably, the conductive layer may be a conductive material such as metal, graphene oxide, or the like, or a piezoresistive material (nano force-sensitive material). Preferably, the first support 10 may be made of a piezoelectric material, a semiconductor material, an organic polymer material (conductive rubber, conductive fabric, etc.), or the like. The first support 10 of this embodiment may also be a conductive layer that is spin-coated or cured on the elastic piezoresistive material. Preferably, the first optical sensing unit 30 and the third optical sensing unit 50 of the present embodiment may be made of optical fibers.
Preferably, the first support 10 is capable of deforming under the pressure of the bearing layer 80. When the first support 10 is deformed, the side wall of the first support 10 facing the second support 20 extends toward the second support 20. Or the side wall of the first support 10 away from the second support 20 extends toward the side away from the second support 20. Or a side wall of the first supporter 10 extends in the direction of the second supporter 20. The other side wall of the first supporter 10 extends in the direction of the second supporter 20. The compression of a support 10 causes the distance between the first and second layers 81, 82 of the layer 80 to decrease, so that the cross-section of the first support 10 becomes larger by compression. So that the side wall of the first support 10 extends in a radial direction thereof to be displaced by a certain distance. Through this mode of setting up, the displacement that produces on the one hand can pass through the effort that first supporter 10 pressurized produced to the second supporter of first connecting piece 60 transmission to acquire the furthest distance that this pressure can exert an influence, can not take place the deformation or take place the effective area of pressure under the condition of small deformation at aspect 80. On the other hand, when the first supporting body 10 is deformed by a pressure, the change of the cross section can be used for sensing the change of the pressure.
Preferably, the first support 10 may use optical sensing. As shown in fig. 2, the first support 10 is provided with a third optical sensing unit 50 capable of sensing pressure by changing radius when the first support 10 is deformed by pressure. The third optical sensing unit 50 is sleeved on the first supporting body 10 to form an optical resonant cavity, so that the wavelength of the resonant peak of the third optical sensing unit 50 drifts due to the change of the radius of the third optical sensing unit 50 under the condition that the first supporting body 10 deforms. That is, after the cross section of the first supporting body 10 changes, the radius of the third optical sensing unit 50 sleeved on the first supporting body 10 also changes. And the third optical sensing unit 50 may be an optical resonant cavity surrounded by an optical fiber. In the case where the optical fibers are wound around the first support 10, the contact between the upper and lower optical fibers (as shown in fig. 2 and 4) acts as a directional coupler so that light in the optical fibers is coupled into the optical fibers wound around the first support 10. Light transmitted within the optical cavity can interfere with each other continuously. That is, the light in the optical cavity is continuously transmitted along the optical cavity, and is confined in the optical cavity, but is not transmitted out along the optical fiber. It should be noted that not all wavelengths of light can be coupled into the optical cavity, and only wavelengths satisfying specific conditions can be coupled into the optical cavity. The specific condition is related to the wavelength of light, the effective refractive index. And the effective refractive index is related to the refractive index and size of the cladding and core layers. Therefore, when the radius of the third optical sensing unit 50 is changed, the wavelength that can be coupled is inevitably changed. The spectrum at the output of the third optical sensing unit 50 is thus a resonant peak with a series of approximately periodic depressions. When the radius is changed, the resonance peak of the notch in the output spectrum shifts. The amount of drift can be used to obtain a change in radius. The pressure information to which the first support 10 is subjected can be obtained by the change of the radius thereof. The radius of the third optical sensor unit 50 of the present invention is 2cm or less. Although the bending loss decreases exponentially as the radius of the optical cavity increases. But after simulation by Opti FDTD simulation software, the optical path length of the optical fiber is increased along with the increase of the radius. Even under ideal conditions, regardless of the loss caused by the unsmooth side wall or other losses, the transmission loss of the light itself increases with the increase of the optical path (transmission distance), and it is possible that the light is lost less than one turn along the perimeter of the resonant cavity, or only a limited number of turns, resulting in no resonance, or limited resonance (the amplitude of the resonance peak is too small). Therefore, the radius of the optical cavity cannot be too large. Preferably, the optical sensing unit of the present invention can employ optical waveguides of different sizes (different materials have different refractive indices and thus different sizes) depending on the materials used, the substrate, and the index achieved. Preferably, the optical waveguide of the present invention may employ a single mode waveguide or a multi-mode waveguide.
Preferably, a first connector 60 for transmitting a force generated by the deformation of the first support 10 is disposed between the first support 10 and the second support 20. One end of the first connecting member 60 is connected to the first support body 10. The other end of the first connector 60 is connected to the second support body 20. Or the other end of the first connector 60 can abut against the second support body 20 in case the first support body 10 is deformed. Or one end of the first connector 60 is connected to the second support body 20. The other end of the first connecting member 60 can abut against the first support body 10 in the case where the first support body 10 is deformed. With this arrangement, the acting force generated by the deformation of the first support body 10 can be transmitted to the second support body 20.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, both ends of the second support body 20 are connected/contacted with the second connection member 70. The second connector 70 is connected to the deck 80. In the case that the first supporting body 10 is deformed to transmit the acting force to the second supporting body 20 through the first connecting member 60, the second supporting body 20 drives the second connecting member 70 to move toward the layer 80 under the acting force. Preferably, one end of the second connector 70 is connected to the deck 80. The other end of the second connector 70 is connected to the second support body 20. In case the second support body 20 drives the second connector 70 to move towards the layer 80, the second connector 70 acts on the first optical sensing unit 30 such that the optical information of the first optical sensing unit 30 changes. With this arrangement, the second supporting body 20 is deformed by the force transmitted through the first connector 60, and then generates a pressure to the first optical sensing unit 30 through the second connector 70. Preferably, the first optical sensing unit 30 may be an optical fiber, and optical information of the first optical sensing unit 30, such as intensity of light, transmission mode of light, polarization of light, and phase of light, changes after the first optical sensing unit 30 is stressed and strained, so that the changes can be detected at the output end of the first optical sensing unit 30, and the acting force generated by the second supporting body 20 can be obtained through the changes, and thus the acting range of the pressure stressed by the first supporting body 10 can be obtained. The principle of its sensing is preferably illustrated in the transmission mode of light. The first optical sensing unit 30 may be a multimode optical fiber, and the optical mode output at the output end is multimode, for example, 1 st order mode, 2 nd order mode, and the light spots may be distributed symmetrically in 4 blocks. When the light source is pressed, the cladding layer and the core layer deform, so that the polarization mode of light changes firstly, light spots are not distributed symmetrically any more, and the symmetry axis of the light spots can rotate by a certain angle. The corresponding stress information can be obtained through the change.
Example 2
This embodiment is a further supplement and improvement to embodiment 1, and repeated contents are not described again.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment also provides an optical sensing device for measuring human body pressure injury, comprising at least a first support 10 and a second support 20 provided with a second optical sensing unit 40. The second support 20 can change the distance between the second optical sensing unit 40 and at least one first optical sensing unit 30 disposed on the layer surface 80 under the action of the deformation of the first support 10, so as to sense the stress information in a deformed/undeformed state according to the optical information output by the first optical sensing unit 30 and/or the second optical sensing unit 40 when the layer surface 80 is pressed. The first and second optical sensing units 30 and 40 of the present embodiment may employ a planar waveguide. The first optical sensing unit 30 and the second optical sensing unit 40, etc. are microstructures on the order of micrometers or nanometers. The first optical sensing unit 30 and the second optical sensing unit 40 can be fabricated by processes such as photoresist, spin coating, curing, magnetron sputtering, ICP plasma etching, or similar processes such as cmos, Silicon On Insulator (SOI), etc., and the description of the present invention is omitted.
By the arrangement, sensing can be realized through the planar optical waveguide. The main sensing principle of the present embodiment is based on waveguide coupling theory. In particular, when the pitch (gap) of two parallel waveguides is less than a certain distance, light in one waveguide will couple into the other waveguide. Therefore, coupling of light occurs when the second supporter 20 pushes the second optical sensing unit 40 to move toward the first optical sensing unit 30. Namely, the stress information can be sensed through the change of the light energy of the output end. Preferably, when one end of the first optical sensing unit 30 couples the light of the broadband light source/laser light source into the first optical sensing unit 30 through the coupler 100, if the second supporting body 20 pushes the second optical sensing unit 40 to move toward the first optical sensing unit 30, the interval (gap) thereof becomes small, causing the light in the first optical sensing unit 30 to be coupled into the second optical sensing unit 40, so that the light intensity in the first optical sensing unit 30 may be reduced and the light intensity in the second optical sensing unit 40 may be detected at the light output side. Therefore, the stress information of the second support 20 can be obtained through the light intensity conversion, and the range of the stress of the first support 10 can be obtained.
Preferably, the second connector 70 one side of the second connector 70 is connected/abutted with the second support body 20. The other side of the second connector 70 is provided with a second optical sensing unit 40. The second connector 70 can extend toward the first optical sensing unit 30 side by the second support 20 to reduce the distance between the second optical sensing unit 40 and the first optical sensing unit 30. Preferably, the second connecting member 70 may be made of a material such as a thin film, PDMS, etc., and the second photo-sensing unit 40 is formed at a side thereof facing the first photo-sensing unit 30. Preferably, the first and second optical sensing units 30 and 40 may be a polymer, a photoresist, a semiconductor, silicon dioxide, or the like. A third support 71 is provided between the second connector 70 and the deck 80. The third supporter 71 serves to secure a distance between the first and second optical sensing units 30 and 40.
Preferably, the first support 10 of the present embodiment may employ either the electrical sensing or the third optical sensing unit 50.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the third optical sensing unit 50 surrounds the first and second supports 10 and 20. Under the condition that the first supporting body 10 deforms, the third optical sensing unit 50 can drive the second supporting body 20 to deform while the radius of the third optical sensing unit changes, so that the second supporting body 20 drives the second connecting member 70 to be away from the first optical sensing unit 30.
Example 3
This embodiment is a further supplement and improvement to embodiments 1 and 2 and their combination, and the repeated contents are not repeated.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the present invention also provides an optical sensing device for measuring the pressure injury of the human body. The optical sensing device comprises at least a second support 20 provided with a second optical sensing unit 40. The second optical sensing unit 40 is disposed on the deck 80 within a distance threshold of the first optical sensing unit 30. The second optical sensing unit 40 can move relative to the first optical sensing unit 30 under the force of the second support 20 to change optical information in the first optical sensing unit 30 and the second optical sensing unit 40. The sensing principle of the present invention is similar to that of embodiment 2, except that the sensing is performed with a fixed amount of the pitch (gap) and a variable length of the portion parallel to the first optical sensing unit 30. According to the waveguide coupling principle, two waveguides parallel to each other are periodically coupled to each other in two waveguide members without limitation to the length. Specifically, light in one waveguide is all coupled into another waveguide within a certain period length, and light is all coupled back to the original waveguide within the period length of the waveguide. Therefore, by adjusting the parallel distance between the two waveguides within a certain distance and a certain period length, the coupled light energy is different, and the stress information of the second support 20 can be transmitted through the change.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the second support 20 is butterfly-shaped, and under the action of pressure or the first support 10, the third connecting member 21 slides along the layer 80. One end of the third connector 21 is connected to the second connector 70. The second connecting member 70 can also be made of a material such as a film, PDMS, etc. Preferably, the third connecting member 21 abuts against the second connecting member 70, and thus pressure is applied. The second optical sensing unit 40 is disposed at the other side of the second connector 70, and thus the second optical sensing unit 40 is pushed to move. Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the second optical sensing unit 40 and the first optical sensing unit 30 have a limited length. The distance between the second optical sensing unit 40 and the first optical sensing unit 30 is a constant value. With this arrangement, since the lengths of the first optical sensing unit 30 and the second optical sensing single cloud 40 are constant and within the period length, periodic exchange of optical energy does not occur, and therefore, the coupling amount with optical energy of the lengths parallel to each other within the period length is a certain relationship, and the force information of the second support 20 can be determined by the certain relationship. Preferably, the first optical sensing unit 30 is coupled to the optical channel 90 through the coupler 100 at both ends thereof in sequence due to a distance therebetween, thereby transmitting optical information. The optical channel 90 may be an optical fiber.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the present invention may be implemented in the form of a mattress, an insole, a seat pad. The layer 80 may be encapsulated with a material such as fabric, dust-free cloth, etc. The sensing units of the invention can form a sensing array for pressure sensing. Preferably, one side of the first sensing unit 30, the second sensing unit 40 and the third sensing unit 50 may be connected to the light source through the coupler 100, and the output side may be connected to the light receiving device through the coupler 100.
The present specification encompasses multiple inventive concepts and the applicant reserves the right to submit divisional applications according to each inventive concept. The present description contains several inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally", each indicating that the respective paragraph discloses a separate concept, the applicant reserves the right to submit divisional applications according to each inventive concept.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. Optical sensing device for measuring pressure injuries of the human body, characterized in that it comprises at least a first support (10) and a second support (20) provided with a second optical sensing unit (40), wherein,
the second support body (20) can change the distance between the second optical sensing unit (40) and at least one first optical sensing unit (30) arranged on the layer surface (80) under the action force of the deformation of the first support body (10), so that the stress information of the layer surface (80) which is deformed/not deformed is sensed according to the optical information output by the first optical sensing unit (30) and/or the second optical sensing unit (40).
2. Optical sensing device for measuring pressure injuries of the human body, characterized in that it comprises at least a first support (10) and a second support (20), wherein,
the first supporting body (10) is provided with a third optical sensing unit (50) which can sense pressure when the first supporting body (10) bears the pressure, deforms and changes radius;
the second support body (20) can apply an acting force to at least one first optical sensing unit (30) arranged on the layer surface (80) under the acting force of the deformation of the first support body (10) so as to sense the stress information of the layer surface (80) in a deformation/non-deformation state caused by the compression;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the second support body (20) can change the distance between the second optical sensing unit (40) connected/contacted with the first support body (10) and at least one first optical sensing unit (30) arranged on the layer surface (80) under the action force of the deformation of the first support body, so that the stress information of the layer surface (80) in a deformation/non-deformation state caused by the compression is sensed according to the optical information output by the first optical sensing unit (30) and/or the second optical sensing unit (40).
3. Optical sensing device according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the first support (10) is deformable under pressure against a layer face (80), wherein,
in the case of deformation of the first support (10),
the side wall of the first support body (10) facing the side of the second support body (20) extends towards the side of the second support body (20);
and/or
The side wall of the first support body (10) far away from the second support body (20) extends to the side far away from the second support body (20).
4. Optical sensor device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a first connection (60) for transmitting a force resulting from a deformation of the first support (10) is arranged between the first support (10) and the second support (20), wherein,
one end of the first connecting piece (60) is connected with the first supporting body (10), the other end is connected with the second supporting body (20),
or the other end can abut against the second supporting body (20) under the condition that the first supporting body (10) deforms;
or
One end of the first connecting piece (60) is connected with the second supporting body (20), and the other end of the first connecting piece can abut against the first supporting body (10) under the condition that the first supporting body (10) deforms.
5. Optical sensing device according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein both ends of the second support (20) are connected/in contact with a second connection (70), the second connection (70) being connected with the layer (80), wherein,
in the case where the first support body (10) is deformed to transmit the acting force to the second support body (20) through the first connecting member (60),
the second support (20) drives the second connector (70) towards the deck (80) under the force.
6. Optical sensing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the second connection (70) is connected at one end to the layer (80) and at the other end to the second support (20), wherein,
-in case the second support (20) drives the second connection (70) towards the deck (80), the second connection (70) acts on the first optical sensing unit (30) such that the optical information of the first optical sensing unit (30) is changed;
or
A third support (71) is arranged between the second connection (70) and the deck (80), one side of the second connection (70) is connected/abutted to the second support (20) and the other side is provided with the second optical sensing unit (40), wherein,
the second connector (70) can extend towards one side of the first optical sensing unit (30) under the action of the second support body (20) so as to reduce the distance between the second optical sensing unit (40) and the first optical sensing unit (30).
7. The optical sensing device according to claim 2, wherein the third optical sensing unit (50) is sleeved on the first supporting body (10) to form an optical resonant cavity, so that the third optical sensing unit (50) shifts its resonant peak wavelength due to its radius change when the first supporting body (10) is deformed.
8. Optical sensing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the third optical sensing unit (50) surrounds the first (10) and second (20) support, wherein,
under the condition that the first supporting body (10) deforms, the third optical sensing unit (50) can drive the second supporting body (20) to deform while the radius of the third optical sensing unit changes, and therefore the second supporting body (20) drives the second connecting piece (70) to be far away from the first optical sensing unit (30).
9. Optical sensing device for measuring stress injuries of a human body, characterized by at least a second support (20) provided with a second optical sensing unit (40), said second optical sensing unit (40) being arranged on a layer level (80) within a distance threshold of a first optical sensing unit (30), wherein,
the second optical sensing unit (40) is movable relative to the first optical sensing unit (30) under the force of the second support (20) to change the optical information within the first optical sensing unit (30) and the second optical sensing unit (40).
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