CN112312485A

CN112312485A - Resource reservation method and device

Info

Publication number: CN112312485A
Application number: CN201910690704.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 殷佳欣; 聂永丰; 徐蓓; 陈亮
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-29
Filing date: 2019-07-29
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-29
Also published as: CN112312485B

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a resource reservation method and device, relates to the field of Intelligent networked vehicles (ICV) and aims to solve the problem that communication time delay between vehicles is large. The method can comprise the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a head vehicle sends a first reservation request for requesting reservation of a first resource block for formation where the head vehicle is located to a first network element, the first reservation request comprises information of the first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles of the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; and the head car receives a response of the first reservation request sent by the first network element and used for indicating the success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

Description

Resource reservation method and device

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the field of Intelligent networked vehicles (ICV), in particular to a resource reservation method and device.

Background

In a Vehicle to evolution (V2X) network, direct communication can be made between vehicles, such as: the vehicle-to-vehicle communication can be directly realized through a PC5 port. Before the vehicle communicates with the vehicle, the vehicle and the vehicle need to negotiate air interface resources, and data are mutually transmitted on the negotiated air interface resources, so that the receiving end vehicle is ensured to receive the data on the air interface resources used by the transmitting end vehicle, and the reliability of data transmission is ensured.

Currently, in order to avoid air interface resource allocation conflicts, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP) organization defines two air interface resource negotiation modes, mode 3 and mode 4. In mode 3, each time the vehicle sends a message, the vehicle needs to first send an application message to the base station to apply for an air interface resource, and after the base station responds to the available air interface resource to the vehicle, the vehicle sends the message on the applied air interface resource. In mode 3, the air interface resources of all vehicles are uniformly scheduled by the base station, so that the situation of air interface resource conflict does not exist, but the time required for the vehicles to transmit data to the vehicles at the opposite end from the time of applying for the air interface resources to the base station to the time of applying for the air interface resources is approximately 60ms, and the time delay is large.

In mode 4, there is no negotiation of the base station, and vehicles sending data need to negotiate for air interface resources through an algorithm, such as: the air interface resources are contended by a method of randomly selecting the air interface resource blocks in a time window with a specific length. In mode 4, the vehicle does not need to interact with the base station to acquire available air interface resources, and the delay is low, and in the best case, the delay is about 22 ms. However, in mode 4, when the number of vehicles in an area is too large, the number of vehicles contending for the air interface resource is also increased, which is very likely to cause packet loss due to congestion, thereby causing an increase in time delay.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a resource reservation method and device, which are used for solving the problem of larger communication delay when air interface resources are occupied by adopting the existing resource allocation method among vehicles.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, a method for resource reservation is provided, where the method includes: the method comprises the steps that a head vehicle sends a first reservation request for requesting reservation of a first resource block for formation where the head vehicle is located to a first network element, the first reservation request comprises information of the first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles of the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; and the head car receives a response of the first reservation request sent by the first network element and used for indicating the success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

Based on the method of the first aspect, the air interface resource blocks are reserved in advance for the to-be-driven road sections of the formation through negotiation with the first network element by the head vehicles in the formation, so that when the formation drives to the to-be-driven road sections, the member vehicles of the formation directly communicate with each other through the reserved air interface resource blocks, communication delay caused by the fact that the formation adopts the existing mode 4 to negotiate the air interface resource blocks with other vehicles is avoided, and the ultra-low delay requirement of vehicle-to-vehicle communication during the driving of the formation is met.

In one possible design, with reference to the first aspect, the first network element is a first RSU; alternatively, the first network element is a vehicle network V2X server. Based on the possible method, the RSU or the V2X server can assist the head car to reserve air interface resources, and the realization mode is flexible and various.

In one possible design, in combination with the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect, the first resource block includes one or more subchannels and one or more subframes. Based on the possible design, the reserved air interface resources can be designed into a series of resource blocks on the sub-channels, and the method is simple and easy to implement.

In a possible design, in combination with the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect, the method further comprises: the head vehicle determines a first resource block based on a time of formation through the first road segment, a frequency of synchronization messages between member vehicles in the formation, and a number of member vehicles in the formation. Based on the possible design, the reserved air interface resources are determined by combining various conditions of the formation, such as the time of passing through the reserved road section, the synchronous message frequency among member vehicles in the formation, the number of the member vehicles in the formation and the like, and the accuracy of determining the air interface resources is improved.

In a possible design, in combination with the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect, the sending, by the head carriage, the first reservation request to the first network element includes: when the driving time or the driving distance of the head car from the position to the first road section meets the preset condition, the head car sends a first reservation request to the first RSU. The preset conditions are as follows: equal to or greater than a first preset threshold. Based on the possible design, the air interface resources can be applied to the reserved road section in advance when the formation is about to reach the reserved road section, and the air interface resources are successfully applied to the reserved road section and reserved by the head car in sufficient time.

In a possible design, in combination with the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect, the first reservation request further includes one or more of a driving location of the formation, a driving speed of the formation, a driving direction of the formation, and an identification of the formation. Based on the possible design, a plurality of auxiliary information such as the driving position of the formation, the driving speed of the formation, the driving direction of the formation, the identification of the formation and the like can be sent to the first network element, so that the first network element can determine whether to reserve air interface resources for the formation according to the auxiliary information, and the accuracy of resource reservation is improved.

In a possible design, in combination with the first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect, when the response of the first reservation request is to indicate that the first resource block reservation failed, the method further includes: and the head vehicle receives information of a second resource block of the resource blocks used in the first path, which is determined by the second RSU for formation and sent by the first network element. Based on the possible design, other available air interface resources can be recommended by the second RSU under the condition that the resource reservation requested by the head-up vehicle fails, so that the head-up vehicle can communicate on the new appropriate air interface resources according to the recommendation of the second RSU.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a headset on a headset or a chip or system-on-a-chip in the headset; the method can also be used for providing business service for the head car or a chip or a system on chip in the server. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the communication device in each of the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software comprises one or more modules corresponding to the functions. Such as: the communication apparatus may include: a transmitting unit, a receiving unit;

a sending unit, configured to send a first reservation request to a first network element; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation;

a receiving unit, configured to receive a response to the first reservation request sent by the first network element; wherein the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

The specific implementation manner of the communication device may refer to the first aspect or a behavior function of the head car in the resource reservation method provided by any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, and details are not repeated here. Thus, the communication device provided may achieve the same advantageous effects as the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is configured to store computer executable instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the communication device to perform the resource reservation method as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the resource reservation method of the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the above aspect.

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of resource reservation of the first aspect described above or any one of the possible designs of the above aspect.

A sixth aspect provides a chip system, which includes a processor and a communication interface, and is configured to enable a communication device to implement the functions recited in the foregoing aspects, for example, the processor sends a first reservation request to a first network element through the communication interface; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; receiving a response of the first reservation request sent by the first network element; wherein the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation. In one possible design, the system-on-chip further includes a memory for storing program instructions and data necessary for the communication device. The chip system may be constituted by a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

For technical effects brought by any design manner in the third aspect to the sixth aspect, reference may be made to the technical effects brought by the first aspect or any possible design manner in the first aspect, and details are not repeated.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another resource reservation method, where the method may include: the method comprises the steps that a first network element receives a first reservation request which is sent by a head car and used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for a formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; the first network element sends a second reservation request for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation to the second RSU according to the first reservation request; the second reservation request comprises information of the first resource block; and the first network element receives a response of a second reservation request sent by the second RSU and used for indicating that the second RSU successfully reserves the first resource block for formation, and sends a response of the first reservation request used for indicating that the first resource block is successfully or unsuccessfully reserved to the head vehicle according to the response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU.

Based on the method in the seventh aspect, the first network element receives a request for reserving air interface resources of a head vehicle in the formation, negotiates to reserve air interface resource blocks in advance for a to-be-driven road section of the formation, and ensures that member vehicles of the formation directly communicate with each other through the reserved air interface resource blocks when the formation drives to the to-be-driven road section so as to avoid communication delay caused by negotiation of the air interface resource blocks with other vehicles by the formation in the existing mode 4, and meet the ultra-low delay requirement of vehicle-to-vehicle communication when the formation drives.

In a possible design, with reference to the seventh aspect, the first network element is a first road side unit RSU; or the first network element is an internet of vehicles V2X server. Based on the possible method, the RSU or the V2X server can assist the head car to reserve air interface resources, and the realization mode is flexible and various.

In one possible design, with reference to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect, the first resource block includes one or more subchannels and one or more subframes. Based on the possible design, the reserved air interface resources can be designed into a series of resource blocks on the sub-channels, and the method is simple and easy to implement.

In one possible design, in combination with the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect, the first resource block is determined by the head car based on a time for the formation to pass through the first road segment, a frequency of synchronization messages between member vehicles in the formation, and a number of member vehicles in the formation. Based on the possible design, the reserved air interface resources are determined by combining various conditions of the formation, such as the time of passing through the reserved road section, the synchronous message frequency among member vehicles in the formation, the number of the member vehicles in the formation and the like, and the accuracy of determining the air interface resources is improved.

In a possible design, with reference to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect, the first reservation request further includes one or more of a driving position of the formation, a driving speed of the formation, a driving direction of the formation, and an identifier of the formation. Based on the possible design, the first network element can receive a plurality of auxiliary information such as the driving position of the formation, the driving speed of the formation, the driving direction of the formation, the identification of the formation and the like from the head car, and determine whether to reserve air interface resources for the formation according to the auxiliary information, so that the accuracy of resource reservation is improved.

In a possible design, with reference to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect, the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU travels to the first road segment at the first time, and the first time is the time when the head vehicle travels to the first road segment. Based on the possible design, all RSUs communicated with vehicles which are possible to seize reserved air interface resources with the head car are determined as second RSUs, the second RSUs are notified to reserve air interface resources for the formation where the head car is located, the reserved air interface resources are not contended by any other vehicles and the head car as far as possible, and accuracy of resource reservation is improved.

In a possible design, with reference to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect, the second RSU includes a plurality of RSUs, and when a response of the second reservation request sent by each RSU of the plurality of RSUs is used to indicate that the reservation of the first resource block for the formation is successful, a response of the first reservation request is used to indicate that the reservation of the first resource block is successful. Based on the possible design, the successful reservation of the first vehicle resource can be indicated only under the condition that all the second RSUs are successful in reserving the air interface resources for formation, the air interface resources are guaranteed not to be occupied by any other vehicle as far as possible, and the communication delay is improved.

In a possible design, with reference to the seventh aspect or any possible design of the seventh aspect, that the second RSU fails to reserve the first resource block for the queuing, the method further includes: and the first network element receives information of a second resource block of the resource blocks used in the first section, which is determined by the second RSU for formation and sent by the second RSU. Based on the possible design, other available air interface resources can be recommended by the second RSU under the condition that the resource reservation requested by the head-up vehicle fails, so that the head-up vehicle can communicate on the new appropriate air interface resources according to the recommendation of the second RSU.

In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which may be a first network element or a chip in the first network element or a system on chip. The communication apparatus may implement the functions performed by the first network element in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software comprises one or more modules corresponding to the functions. Such as: the communication apparatus may include: a receiving unit and a transmitting unit;

the receiving unit is used for receiving a first reservation request sent by a head car; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation;

a sending unit, configured to send a second reservation request to the second RSU according to the first reservation request; wherein the second reservation request comprises information of the first resource block; the second reservation request is used for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

the receiving unit is further used for receiving a response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU; wherein the response of the second reservation request is used to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation;

the transmitting unit is further used for transmitting a response of the first reservation request to the head car according to a response of the second reservation request transmitted by the second RSU; wherein the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

A specific implementation manner of the communication apparatus may refer to a behavior function of the first network element in a resource reservation method provided in any one of the seventh aspects or possible designs of the seventh aspects, and any one of the seventh aspects or any one of the possible design methods of the seventh aspects may be correspondingly implemented by an obtaining unit and a sending unit included in the communication apparatus.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication apparatus comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is configured to store computer-executable instructions, and when the communication apparatus is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so as to enable the communication apparatus to perform the resource reservation method according to any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect or the seventh aspect.

A tenth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the resource reservation method of the seventh aspect or any one of the above possible designs.

In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, enable the computer to perform the resource reservation method of the seventh aspect described above or any one of the possible designs of the above aspects.

In a twelfth aspect, a chip system is provided, where the chip system includes a processor, and a communication interface, and is used to support a communication device to implement the functions recited in the above aspects, for example, the processor receives a first reservation request sent by a head car through the communication interface; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; sending a second reservation request to a second RSU according to the first reservation request; wherein the second reservation request comprises information of the first resource block; the second reservation request is used for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation; receiving a response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU; wherein the response of the second reservation request is used to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation; according to the response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU, sending the response of the first reservation request to the head vehicle; wherein the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation. In one possible design, the system-on-chip further includes a memory for storing program instructions and data necessary for the communication device. The chip system may be constituted by a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

For technical effects brought by any design manner of the ninth aspect to the twelfth aspect, reference may be made to the seventh aspect or any possible design manner of the seventh aspect, and details are not repeated.

In a thirteenth aspect, there is further provided a resource reservation method, including: the second RSU receives a second reservation request which is sent by the first network element and used for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation, determines to reserve the first resource block for the formation according to the second reservation request, and sends a response of the second reservation request for indicating that the second RSU successfully reserves the first resource block for the formation to the first network element; the second reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in a formation where the head vehicle is located in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation.

Based on the method in the thirteenth aspect, the second RSU, which is a vehicle under coverage or a vehicle that may seize the reserved air interface resource with the head vehicle, receives the request, sent by the first network element, for reserving the air interface resource for the formation where the head vehicle is located, determines whether the air interface resource can be reserved for the formation where the head vehicle is located, and notifies the first network element of the determination result, so that the first network element notifies the success or failure of resource reservation of the head vehicle according to the determination result of the second RSU, and the head vehicle directly adopts reserved air interface resource communication or other measures according to the reservation result, thereby avoiding communication delay caused by negotiation of the air interface resource block between the existing mode 4 and other vehicles by the formation, and meeting the ultra-low delay requirement of vehicle communication when the formation is running.

In one possible design, in combination with the thirteenth aspect, the first network element is a first RSU; or the first network element is an internet of vehicles V2X server. Based on the possible method, the RSU or the V2X server can assist the head car to reserve air interface resources, and the realization mode is flexible and various.

In one possible design, in combination with the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect, the first resource block includes one or more subchannels and one or more subframes. Based on the possible design, the reserved air interface resources can be designed into a series of resource blocks on the sub-channels, and the method is simple and easy to implement.

In one possible design, in combination with the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect, the first resource blocks are determined by the head car according to a time of formation through the first road segment, a frequency of synchronization messages between member vehicles in the formation, and a number of member vehicles in the formation. Based on the possible design, the reserved air interface resources are determined by combining various conditions of the formation, such as the time of passing through the reserved road section, the synchronous message frequency among member vehicles in the formation, the number of the member vehicles in the formation and the like, and the accuracy of determining the air interface resources is improved.

In a possible design, with reference to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect, the determining, by the second RSU, to reserve the first resource block for the formation according to the second reservation request includes: when the second RSU determines that the occupied resource pool does not comprise the first resource block according to the information of the first resource block, the second RSU determines that the first resource block is successfully reserved; or when the second RSU determines that the occupancy rate of the first resource block is smaller than a second preset threshold, the second RSU determines that the reservation of the first resource block is successful. Based on the possible design, the second RSU may determine whether the reserved air interface resource is occupied according to the occupation condition of all resource blocks in the resource pool configured to the second RSU, which is simple and easy.

In a possible design, in combination with the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect, the method further includes: the second RSU sends a broadcast message for informing the vehicles under the coverage of the second RSU that the first resource block is used, wherein the broadcast message comprises the information of the first resource block. Based on the possible design, under the condition that the second RSU determines that the air interface resource reserved for the head car is successfully established, the second RSU is notified that the reserved air interface resource is occupied by other vehicles covered by the second RSU, so that the second RSU or the vehicles covered by the second RSU can avoid the reserved air interface resource when selecting the air interface resource, and the head car is guaranteed to form a queue to smoothly communicate on the reserved air interface resource.

In a possible design, with reference to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect, the second RSU fails to reserve the first resource block for the formation, and the method further includes: and the second RSU sends information of a second resource block of the resource blocks used in the first section, which is determined by the second RSU for the formation, to the first network element. Based on the possible design, other available air interface resources can be recommended by the second RSU under the condition that the resource reservation requested by the head-up vehicle fails, so that the head-up vehicle can communicate on the new appropriate air interface resources according to the recommendation of the second RSU.

In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be the second RSU or a chip or a system on a chip in the second RSU. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the second RSU in each of the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software comprises one or more modules corresponding to the functions. Such as: the communication apparatus may include: a receiving unit, a determining unit and a sending unit;

a receiving unit, configured to receive a second reservation request sent by a first network element; the second reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in a formation where the head vehicle is located in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; the second reservation request is used for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the second reservation request, to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

a sending unit, configured to send a response to the second reservation request to the first network element; the response of the second reservation request is to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation.

A specific implementation manner of the communication apparatus may refer to a behavior function of the second RSU in a resource reservation method provided by any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect or the thirteenth aspect, and any one of the possible design methods of the thirteenth aspect or the thirteenth aspect may be correspondingly implemented by that the communication apparatus includes an obtaining unit and a sending unit.

In a fifteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used for storing computer-executable instructions, and when the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory to cause the communication device to perform the resource reservation method according to any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect or the thirteenth aspect.

In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which, when run on a computer, make the computer perform the resource reservation method of the thirteenth aspect or any one of the above possible designs.

A seventeenth aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the resource reservation method of the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the aspects.

In an eighteenth aspect, a chip system is provided, where the chip system includes a processor and a communication interface, and is configured to support a communication device to implement the functions in the foregoing aspects, for example, the processor receives, through the communication interface, a second reservation request sent by a first network element for requesting a second RSU to reserve a first resource block for queuing, determines to reserve the first resource block for queuing according to the second reservation request, and sends, to the first network element, a response of the second reservation request indicating that the second RSU successfully reserves the first resource block for queuing; the second reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in a formation where the head vehicle is located in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation. In one possible design, the system-on-chip further includes a memory for storing program instructions and data necessary for the communication device. The chip system is composed of chips, and comprises the chips and other discrete devices.

For technical effects brought by any design manner of the fifteenth aspect to the eighteenth aspect, reference may be made to the technical effects brought by any possible design of the thirteenth aspect or the thirteenth aspect, and details are not repeated.

A nineteenth aspect provides a resource reservation system, which may comprise the head car according to any one of the second to sixth aspects, the first network element according to any one of the eighth to twelfth aspects, and the second RSU according to any one of the fourteenth to eighteenth aspects.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a resource reservation system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a flowchart of a resource reservation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a resource pool provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of another resource reservation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a flowchart of another resource reservation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication device 70 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication device 80 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a schematic composition diagram of a communication device 90 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a V2X resource reservation system. The method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below by taking the V2X resource reservation system shown in fig. 1 as an example. As shown in fig. 1, the system may include: a plurality of vehicles, a Roadside Unit (RSU), and a V2X server.

The vehicle may communicate with the RSU or other network device (e.g., a V2X server) via a wireless link. The vehicle can be an Intelligent internet Driving (Intelligent internet Driving) vehicle, and is a typical internet terminal. A plurality of vehicles may form a formation, and the vehicle traveling the forefront in the formation may be referred to as a head vehicle, and the remaining vehicles in the formation other than the head vehicle may be referred to as member vehicles. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the vehicle may specifically execute the related business process executed by the head car in the embodiment of the present application through its internal functional unit or device. For example, one or more devices in the vehicle, such as a vehicle mounted BOX (Telematics BOX, T-BOX), a domain Controller (Domian Controller, DC), a Multi-domain Controller (MDC), a vehicle mounted Unit (On board Unit, OBU), a vehicle networking chip, etc., execute the method flow for resource reservation in the embodiment of the present application.

The head car (HV) can manage the traveling direction and the formation posture of the whole formation by driving the vehicles at the first position in the formation, can quickly interact the control commands of the vehicles between the head car and Member Vehicles (MV) through a wireless communication technology, and can control the posture of the MV to keep synchronous with the posture of the HV through the control commands so as to prevent accidents.

Member vehicles, other vehicles following the head vehicle in the formation.

And the RSU is deployed at the roadside and is mainly used for collecting the driving information of the vehicle and sending the collected information to the vehicle.

And the V2X server can be used for providing V2X business services for the vehicles.

It should be noted that fig. 1 is only an exemplary architecture diagram, and the network shown in fig. 1 may include other devices besides the device shown in fig. 1, such as: the system can also comprise a monitoring module which is used for monitoring the working state of each device in the network. In addition, names of the respective devices in fig. 1 are not limited, and in addition to the names shown in fig. 1, the respective devices may also be named by other names, for example, network element names having the same or similar functions may be replaced, without limitation.

In a specific implementation, each device (e.g., a device in a vehicle for executing the method described herein, an RSU, a V2X server, etc.) shown in fig. 1 may adopt the composition structure shown in fig. 2, or include the components shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a schematic composition diagram of a communication apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the communication apparatus 200 may be a centralized controller or a chip or a system on chip in the centralized controller, and may also be a functional entity or a chip or a system on chip in the functional entity. The communication device 200 includes a processor 201, a communication line 202, and a communication interface 203.

Further, the communication device 200 can also include a memory 204. The processor 201, the memory 204 and the communication interface 203 may be connected via a communication line 202.

The Processor 201 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a general purpose Processor Network (NP), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 201 may also be any other device with processing function, such as a circuit, a device or a software module, without limitation.

A communication line 202 for transmitting information between the respective components included in the communication apparatus 200.

A communication interface 203 for communicating with other devices or other communication networks. The other communication Network may be an ethernet Network, a Radio Access Network (RAN), a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), or the like. The communication interface 203 may be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of enabling communication.

A memory 204 for storing instructions. Wherein the instructions may be a computer program.

The Memory 204 may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), a Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) or other optical Disc storage, optical Disc storage (including Compact Disc, laser Disc, optical Disc, digital versatile Disc, blu-ray Disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to these. The memory may be self-contained and coupled to the processor via a bus. The memory may also be integral to the processor.

It should be noted that the memory 204 may exist independently from the processor 201, or may be integrated with the processor 201. The memory 204 may be used for storing instructions or program code or some data etc. The memory 204 may be located inside the communication device 200 or outside the communication device 200, which is not limited. The processor 201 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 204 to implement the video transmission method provided by the following embodiments of the present application.

In one example, processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in fig. 2.

As an alternative implementation, the communication device 200 includes multiple processors, for example, the processor 207 may be included in addition to the processor 201 in fig. 2.

As an alternative implementation, the communication apparatus 200 further comprises an output device 205 and an input device 206. Illustratively, the input device 206 is a keyboard, mouse, microphone, or joystick, among other devices, and the output device 205 is a display screen, speaker (spaker), among other devices. The output device 205 is in communication with the processor 201 and may display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 205 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display device, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Display device, a projector (projector), or the like. The input device 206 is in communication with the processor 201 and can accept user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input 206 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensing device, among others.

It should be noted that the communication apparatus 200 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system or a device with a similar structure as that in fig. 2. Further, the constituent structures shown in fig. 2 do not constitute limitations of the communication apparatus, and the communication apparatus may include more or less components than those shown in fig. 2, or combine some components, or a different arrangement of components, in addition to the components shown in fig. 2. When the device shown in fig. 2 is a chip, the function/implementation process of the communication interface 203 may also be implemented by pins or circuits, and the memory 204 is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, and the like, and the storage unit may also be a storage unit located outside the chip.

In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system may be composed of a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices.

In addition, acts, terms, and the like referred to between the embodiments of the present application may be mutually referenced and are not limited. In the embodiment of the present application, the name of the message exchanged between the devices or the name of the parameter in the message, etc. are only an example, and other names may also be used in the specific implementation, which is not limited.

The following describes a resource reservation method provided in an embodiment of the present application with reference to the system shown in fig. 1. Each of the devices described in the following examples includes the components shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 3 is a resource reservation method provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 3, the method may include:

step 301: the head-end sends a first reservation request to the first network element.

The Head Vehicle (HV) may be the vehicle that is driven at the forefront in the formation shown in fig. 1, and the head vehicle may manage the traveling direction and the formation posture of the entire formation. The first network element may be, without limitation, the RSU (e.g., the first RSU) in fig. 1 communicating with the head car or the V2X server in fig. 1. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the vehicles 1 to 3 form a formation, the vehicle 1 may be a head car of the formation, the vehicle 1 communicates with the RSU2, and the first network element may be an RSU2 or a V2X server.

The first reservation request may be carried in a assistance alarm Message (CAM), and the first reservation request may be used to request reservation of a first resource block for a formation where a head car is located; the first reservation request may include, but is not limited to, information of the first resource block.

Wherein the information of the first resource block may be used to identify the first resource block, such as: the information of the first resource block may be an index (index) of the first resource block, or the information of the first resource block includes a start time of the first resource block, a sub-channel and a sub-frame corresponding to the first resource block, and the like, which is not limited. The first resource block may be used for communication between a head vehicle and Member Vehicles (MVs) of the formation and between members of the formation in a first road segment, where the first road segment is a road segment to be traveled by the formation, such as: the first segment may be the segments d 1-d 2 in fig. 1.

The first resource block may comprise one or more sub-channels (sub-frames) and one or more sub-frames (sub-frames), one resource block may consist of one sub-channel and one sub-frame, a typical value of the sub-frame is 1ms, or more, for example, occupies 10ms, and the first resource block may comprise one or more resource blocks. For example, as shown in fig. 4, for a schematic diagram of a resource pool provided in the embodiment of the present application, the resource pool shown in fig. 4 may include a plurality of resource blocks, where the resource block { subchannel 3, subframe 2}, { subchannel 3, subframe 8}, { subchannel 3, subframe 14}, { subchannel 3, subframe 20} shown in a shaded portion in fig. 4 constitutes a first resource block.

Illustratively, the first resource block may be determined by the head car prior to step 301. Such as: the head car may determine the first resource block based on a time of formation through the first road segment, a frequency of synchronization messages between member vehicles in the formation, and a number of member vehicles in the formation. Specifically, the determination may be made as described below with reference to the first embodiment of the method shown in fig. 3.

Illustratively, when the travel time or the travel distance of the head car from the location to the first road section satisfies a preset condition, the head car transmits a first reservation request to the first RSU.

The preset condition may be equal to or greater than a first preset threshold, and the first preset threshold may be set as needed without limitation. When the driving time of the head car from the position to the first road section is equal to or greater than a first preset threshold value, it indicates that it still takes a period of time for the head car to reach the first road section, and the head car can send a first reservation request to the first network element during the period of time and receive a response of the first reservation request returned by the first network element. When the driving distance from the position of the head car to the first road section is equal to or greater than a first preset threshold value, the distance is still needed for the head car to reach the first road section, and the head car can send a first reservation request to the first network element within the distance and receive a response of the first reservation request returned by the first network element.

For example, the first preset threshold is set to 5km, which means that the head car can request the first network element to reserve resource blocks when the distance from the first road section is not less than 5 km. As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle 1 reserves resource blocks d 1-d 2 for formation, and the distance from d0 to d1 is 5km, the vehicle 1 may send a first reservation request to the first network element before driving to d0 or when driving to d0, and applies for reservation of resource blocks d 1-d 2.

For another example, assuming that the first preset threshold is set to 1 minute, it means that the head car can request the first network element to reserve the resource block when the distance from the first road segment is not less than 1 minute. As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle 1 reserves resource blocks from t1 to t2 for formation, and the time from t0 to t1 is 1 minute, then the vehicle 1 may send a first reservation request to the first network element before t0 or at t0, and apply for reservation of resource blocks from t1 to t 2.

The first network element may be a first RSU or a V2X server. For example, the first vehicle may send the first reservation request to the first network element through an operator network (e.g., an LTE network), or the first vehicle may send the first reservation request to the first network element through a PC5 network, without limitation.

The first reservation request may further include, without limitation, one or more of a driving position of the formation, a driving speed of the formation, a driving direction of the formation, an identification of the formation, and other information, in addition to the information carrying the first resource block.

The driving position of the formation can be an absolute position where the formation is located, such as longitude and latitude or a relative position with respect to a road on which the formation is driven, for example, the driving position of the formation is XX degrees in north latitude or XX kilometers in the high-speed XX direction of G4.

Wherein the driving speed of the formation is the current moving speed of the formation, such as 60km/h or 80km/h, and the member vehicles of the formation usually keep constant driving speed on the road to achieve the best fuel economy.

Wherein the driving direction of the formation identifies the current moving direction of the formation, the driving direction of the formation may be an absolute direction, such as an east or a northwest direction, or the driving direction of the formation may be a relative direction, such as an XX direction of a highway.

The formation identifier is an identifier for uniquely marking the formation, and is represented by a character string.

Step 302: and the first network element receives the first reservation request sent by the head car and sends a second reservation request to the second RSU according to the first reservation request.

For example, the first network element may receive the first reservation request sent by the head car through an operator network (e.g., an LTE network), or may receive the first reservation request sent by the head car through a PC5 network, without limitation.

Wherein the second reservation request may include information of the first resource block, and the second reservation request may be for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation. The first resource block and the description of the information of the first resource block may refer to the above.

The second RSU may be one or more RSUs on the driving route of the head car, the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU may drive to the first road segment within the time when the head car drives on the first road segment, and the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU or the second RSU may contend for air interface resources with the formation where the head car is located on the first road segment, for example: contend for the first resource block reserved by the head car.

For example, the first network element may determine, according to the information of the first resource block, that the formation travels to the first road segment within a time period from a starting subframe to an ending subframe of the first resource block, acquire coverage conditions of a plurality of RSUs on a formation travel route, determine whether vehicles covered by the plurality of RSUs will travel to the first road segment within the time period from the starting subframe to the ending subframe of the first resource block, and determine, as the second RSU, an RSU corresponding to a vehicle traveling to the first road segment within the time period from the starting subframe to the ending subframe of the first resource block.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, it is assumed that the first network element is a V2X server and the first resource block is a reserved resource block of the segment d 1-d 2. After receiving the first reservation request, the V2X server deduces that the formation runs to the road sections d 1-d 2 in the time period t 1-t 2 from the starting subframe to the ending subframe of the first resource block according to the information of the first resource block, obtains the coverage conditions of RSU1, RSU2, RSU3, RSU4 and RSU5 on the formation running route, and determines vehicles which may run to the road sections d 1-d 2 in the time period from the starting subframe to the ending subframe of the first resource block. The RSU1 covers the vehicles 5 which have higher driving speed behind the formation and are possible to catch up with the formation to reach the road sections d 1-d 2 in the time period t 1-t 2. The RSU2 may allocate a first resource block for vehicles that are traveling slower behind the platooning, but faster than the platooning. The RSU3 covers the road segments d 1-d 2, and vehicles stopped at the road segments d 1-d 2 or the RSU3 itself are likely to compete with the formation for the first resource block. The RSU4 covers the oncoming vehicle 6, but traveling at a slower speed, and the vehicle 6 may travel to the road segment d 1-d 2 during the time period t 1-t 2. The RSU5 covers the oncoming vehicle 5 with the faster speed, and the vehicle 5 may travel to the road segment d 1-d 2 during the time period t 1-t 2. In summary, the second RSU determined by the V2X server is { RSU1, RSU2, RSU3, RSU4, RSU5}, and the V2X server may send a second reservation request to RSU1, RSU2, RSU3, RSU4, RSU5, respectively.

Step 303: and the second RSU receives the second reservation request, and the second RSU determines to reserve the first resource block for formation according to the second reservation request.

For example, the determining by the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the queuing according to the second reservation request may include: the second RSU determines whether the occupied resource pool comprises the first resource block or not according to the information of the first resource block, if the occupied resource pool comprises the first resource block, the first resource block is determined to be unsuccessfully reserved, otherwise, if the occupied resource pool does not comprise the first resource block, the first resource block is determined to be unsuccessfully reserved; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and the second RSU determines whether the occupancy rate of the first resource block is smaller than a second preset threshold value, if the occupancy rate of the first resource block is smaller than the second preset threshold value, the first resource block is determined to be successfully reserved, and otherwise, if the occupancy rate of the first resource block is larger than or equal to the second threshold value, the first resource block is determined to be unsuccessfully reserved.

Wherein the occupied resource pool may include occupied resource blocks. For example, the second RSU may create an air interface resource table on the second RSU, and record the relevant information of the occupied resource block into the air interface resource table, after receiving the second reservation request, the second RSU queries the air interface resource table by using the information of the first resource block carried in the second reservation request as an index, and if the information of the first resource block exists in the air interface resource table, it indicates that the first resource block is occupied, and the first resource block is unsuccessfully reserved; on the contrary, if the information of the first resource block does not exist in the empty resource block, it indicates that the first resource block is not occupied, and the first resource block is successfully reserved.

The second preset threshold may be set as needed, and is not limited.

Step 304: the second RSU sends a response to the second reservation request to the first network element.

Wherein the response to the second reservation request may be used to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the queuing or that the second RSU failed to reserve the first resource block for the queuing.

For example, the response of the second reservation request may carry a binary bit "0" or "1", and when the response of the second reservation request carries a binary bit "0", it indicates that the second RSU failed to reserve the first resource block for the formation, and when the response of the second reservation request carries a binary bit "1", it indicates that the second RSU succeeded in reserving the first resource block for the formation.

Further, when the second RSU determines that the first resource block reservation is successful, the second RSU may send a broadcast message, where the broadcast message includes information of the first resource block, and the broadcast message may be used to notify the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU that the first resource block is used, so that after the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU senses the broadcast message, the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU actively avoids using the first resource block reserved for formation by the head car in the process of traveling on the first road section according to the broadcast message, and does not contend for the first resource block with the head car.

Further, when the second RSU determines that the first resource block is unsuccessfully reserved, the second RSU sends information of a second resource block to the first network element, where the information of the second resource block may be used to indicate the second resource block, and the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment and determined by the second RSU for queuing.

Step 305: and the first network element sends the response of the first reservation request to the head vehicle according to the response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU.

Wherein the response of the first reservation request may be used to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation. For example, the response of the first reservation request may carry binary bit 0 or 1, and when the response of the first reservation request carries binary bit "0", it indicates that the first resource block reservation has failed; when the response of the first reservation request carries a binary bit of "1", indicating that the first resource block reservation was successful.

Illustratively, when the second RSU includes a plurality of RSUs, and the responses of the second reservation requests sent by each RSU in the plurality of RSUs are all used to indicate that the first resource block is successfully reserved for the formation, the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate that the first resource block is successfully reserved, otherwise, if the response of the second reservation request sent by an RSU in the plurality of RSUs is used to indicate that the first resource block is unsuccessfully reserved, the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate that the first resource block is unsuccessfully reserved, that is, when all the second RSUs successfully reserve the first resource block, the first resource block is successfully reserved, and if one second RSU does not successfully reserve the first resource block, it indicates that the vehicles under the coverage of the second RSU or the second RSU contend for the first resource block with the head vehicle, so as to cause air interface resource collision, and affect communication delay between the formation member vehicles.

Further, when an RSU that fails to reserve the first resource block exists in the plurality of RSUs, the first network element may send a notification message to other second RSUs that successfully reserve the first resource block for the formation, and notify other second RSUs that successfully reserve the first resource block for the formation to give up reserving the first resource block for the formation, that is, if one RSU fails to reserve the first resource block, it may cause other vehicles to contend for the reserved first resource block with member vehicles in the formation, resulting in a collision of air interface resources and an increase in communication delay.

Further, when an RSU that fails to reserve the first resource block exists in the plurality of RSUs and a response of a second resource request sent to the first network element by the RSU that fails to reserve the first resource block carries information of the second resource block, the response of the first reservation request sent to the head-up vehicle by the first network element is used to indicate that the first resource block fails to reserve, and meanwhile, the response of the first reservation request may include information of the second resource block.

For example, assuming that the second RSU includes RSUs 1-5, if RSUs 1-5 all successfully reserve the first resource block for formation, the first network element sends a response of the first reservation request indicating that the first resource block is successfully reserved to the head vehicle after receiving a response of the second reservation request sent by RSUs 1-5; if the RSU1 fails to reserve the first resource block for the formation in the RSUs 1-5 and the RSUs 2-5 successfully reserve the first resource block for the formation, the first network element sends a response of a first reservation request for indicating that the first resource block is unsuccessfully reserved to the head car, and simultaneously informs the RSUs 2-5 to abandon the reservation of the first resource block for the formation.

Step 306: and the head car receives a response of the first reservation request sent by the first network element.

Further, when the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate that the first resource block reservation is successful, when the head vehicle travels to the first road segment, the first resource block is used for communication with the member vehicles in the formation, such as: and sending a control command to the member vehicle on the first resource block so as to control the running speed and the like of the member vehicle.

Further, when the response of the first reservation request is used for indicating that the first resource block reservation is failed, the head vehicle re-determines the resource blocks used when the head vehicle travels to the first road section, and re-initiates the flow shown in fig. 3, and requests the RSU to reserve the re-determined resource blocks for the formation, so that when the head vehicle travels to the first road section, the re-determined resource blocks are used for communication with the member vehicles in the formation; or, when the response of the first reservation request is used for indicating that the reservation of the first resource block fails, which means that the formation of the reserved resource blocks in the first road section fails to run, the communication delay of the formation of the resource blocks in the first road section cannot be guaranteed, and the following remedial measures are taken: temporarily deconstructing the formation or increasing the spacing between the member vehicles as the formation passes through the first road segment.

When the response of the first reservation request is used to indicate that the first resource block is unsuccessfully reserved and the response of the first resource request carries information of the second resource block, the determining, by the head-up train, the resource block used when the head-up train travels to the first road segment may include: and the head vehicle selects the resource block used when the head vehicle travels to the first road section from the second resource block according to the information of the second resource block.

Based on the method shown in fig. 3, in the driving process of the formation, the head vehicles in the formation reserve air interface resource blocks in advance for the to-be-driven road sections of the formation through negotiation with a first network element (RSU or V2X server), so that when the formation drives the to-be-driven road sections, the member vehicles in the formation directly communicate with each other through the reserved air interface resource blocks, communication delay caused by the fact that the formation adopts the existing mode 4 to negotiate the air interface resource blocks with other vehicles is avoided, and the ultra-low delay requirement of vehicle-to-vehicle communication during the driving of the formation is met.

In a first embodiment of the method shown in fig. 3, before performing step 301, the head car may determine the first resource block by: the head car determines the frequency of the synchronization messages between the member vehicles of the formation (hereinafter referred to simply as the frequency of the synchronization messages);

the head vehicle determines the time of the formation passing through the first road section according to the driving speed of the formation, and determines the number of resource blocks included in the first resource block to be reserved according to the time of the formation passing through the first road section, the frequency of the synchronous messages and the communication mode between the head vehicle and the member vehicles of the formation.

If the synchronization mode of the head car and the member vehicles in the formation is broadcast, namely the head car broadcasts information, and the information received by the member vehicles in all the formations is the same, the number of the required resource blocks is the time of passing through the first road section multiplied by the frequency of the synchronization information;

if the synchronization mode of the head vehicle and the member vehicles in the formation is chain mode, namely the head vehicle sends a message to the member vehicles in the first formation, and the member vehicles in the first formation forward the message to the member vehicles in the second formation after receiving the message, the number of the required resource blocks is the time of passing through the first road section multiplied by the frequency of the synchronization message multiplied by the number of the member vehicles in the formation;

if the head car and the member vehicles of the formation are synchronized in a one-by-one manner, i.e., the head car uses different resource blocks to send messages to the member vehicles of each formation, the required number of resource blocks is also multiplied by the number of the member vehicles of the formation by the time of the first road segment multiplied by the frequency of the synchronization messages.

It should be noted that, when determining the number of reserved resource blocks, the size of the synchronization message transmitted between the head car and the formation member vehicles needs to be considered, and if one synchronization message needs a plurality of resource blocks, when determining the number of reserved resource blocks, the number of resource blocks needed by the synchronization message needs to be multiplied, that is, the number of resource blocks included in the first resource block is equal to the number of resource blocks needed for transmitting one synchronization message, which is multiplied by the number of formation member vehicles multiplied by the time of the first road section multiplied by the frequency of the synchronization message.

The frequency of the synchronization messages is determined according to the formation running speed and the distance between the member vehicles of the formation, the higher the vehicle running speed is, the higher the frequency of the synchronization messages is, the smaller the distance between the member vehicles of the formation is, and the higher the frequency of the synchronization messages is.

Referring to fig. 1, a formation is driven on a highway at a speed of 80km/h, the formation comprises a vehicle 1, a vehicle 2 and a vehicle 3, a head vehicle of the formation is the vehicle 1, an RSU communicating with the vehicle 1 is RSU2, RSUs deployed beside the highway driven by the formation comprise { RSU1, RSU2, RSU3, RSU4 and RSU5}, the vehicle 1 of the formation applies for air interface resources of reserved road sections d 1-d 2 for the formation from the RSUs, the total length of the reserved road sections d 1-d 2 is 5km, and the vehicle 1 applies for reservation of resources for the formation when being 5km away from the reserved road sections, and the method shown in fig. 3 is described.

Fig. 5 is a resource reservation method provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5, the method may include:

step 501: the vehicle 1 determines the air interface resource blocks 1 of the reserved road sections d 1-d 2.

Step 501 can be described with reference to the first embodiment of the method shown in fig. 3, without limitation.

Wherein, assuming that the length of the sub-frame is 10ms, the empty resource block 1 is a series of resource blocks on the sub-channel every 10ms from t1 to t 2. For example, at a formation speed of 80km/h, it takes approximately 3.75 minutes for a vehicle to travel from d0 to d 1. If t0 is 0, t1 is 3.75 minutes. And (3) continuing to drive the formation at the speed of 80km/h, wherein t2 is 7.5 minutes, and the empty resource block 1 is a series of resource blocks on the sub-channel every 10ms from 3.75 minutes to 7.5 minutes. In this step, the vehicle 1 may also leave a margin before and after the empty resource block according to the formation speed, for example, the reserved t1 is 3 minutes, and t2 is 8 minutes of the empty resource block, so as to ensure that the empty resource block can still be reserved when the speed of 80km/h cannot be maintained all the time.

Step 502: vehicle 1 sends a resource reservation request 1 to RSU2 at d 0.

The resource reservation request 1 may be configured to request the RSU2 to reserve the empty resource block 1, where the description of the resource reservation request 1 may refer to the description of the first reservation request, and the process of the vehicle 1 sending the resource reservation request to the RSU2 at d0 may refer to the above step 301, which is not described in detail.

For example, the resource reservation request 1 may include a formation speed of 80km/h, a driving direction: from west to east, formation ID, information of air interface resource block 1: and the t 1-t 2 are information such as a series of resource blocks on the sub-channel1 every 10ms, wherein t1 is 3.75 minutes, and t2 is 7.5 minutes.

Step 503: the RSU2 receives the resource reservation request 1, and determines that vehicles under the RSUs 1-RSU 5 will travel to the road sections d 1-d 2 at t 1-t 2 according to the resource reservation request 1.

Illustratively, the RSU2 runs at a speed of 80km/h of formation, and the road sections which the formation will run to at t 1-t 2 are calculated to be d 1-d 2. And determining the range of the vehicles which can travel to the road sections d 1-d 2 at the time t 1-t 2. And according to the speed limit requirement of the highway of 60-120 km/h. From the west east direction, a vehicle at 60km/h speed is at RSU2 and a vehicle at 120km/h speed is at RSU1, so the second RSU from the west east direction is RSU1, RSU 2. From east to west, a 60km/h speed vehicle is at RSU4 and a 120km/h speed vehicle is at RSU 5. The second RSUs from east to west are therefore RSU4 and RSU 5. And the RSU3 is the second RSU, with vehicles having a possibility of stopping on the d 1-d 2 links. Therefore, the second RSU is determined as RSU 1-RSU 5.

Step 504: the RSU2 sends resource reservation request 2 to RSU1, RSU3, RSU4, and RSU 5.

The resource reservation request 2 may be used to request reservation of an empty resource block 1 for formation, where the resource reservation request 2 includes related information of the empty resource block 1, the empty resource block 1 is a series of resource blocks on a sub-channel1 every 10ms from t1 to t2, t1 is 3.75 minutes, and t2 is 7.5 minutes.

Step 505: the RSU 1-RSU 5 determine to be a queue reserved air interface resource block 1, and the RSU1, the RSU3, the RSU4 and the RSU5 return a response of a resource reservation request 2 to the RSU2, wherein the response of the resource reservation request 2 is used for indicating that the air interface resource block 1 is successfully reserved or the resource reservation block 1 fails.

The process of determining, by each RSU, to reserve air interface resource block 1 for formation may refer to step 303, which is not described herein again.

Step 506: the RSU2 transmits the response of the resource reservation request 1 to the vehicle 1 according to the determination result of itself and the response of the resource reservation request 2 returned by the RSU1, RSU3, RSU4, and RSU 5.

Wherein, the response of the resource reservation request 1 is used for indicating that the reservation of the air interface resource block 1 is successful or the reservation of the resource block 1 fails.

When RSU2, RSU1, RSU3, RSU4, and RSU5 all successfully reserve air resource block 1 for the formation, the response of resource reservation request 1 is used to indicate that air resource block 1 is successfully reserved. On the contrary, once RSU2 and RSU1, RSU3, RSU4, RSU5 have RSU that fails to reserve air interface resource block 1 for queuing, the response of resource reservation request 1 is used to indicate that reservation of air interface resource block 1 fails.

Further, when the RSU2, the RSU1, the RSU3, the RSU4, and the RSU5 all successfully reserve the air interface resource block 1 for formation, the RSUs 1 to RSU5 send broadcast messages, where the broadcast messages include information of the air interface resource block 1 and an ID of formation, and notify other vehicles that the air interface resource block 1 is occupied by the formation, and when the other vehicles allocate and contend for the air interface resource through mode 4, the reserved air interface resource block 1 is bypassed. Therefore, the reserved air interface resource blocks are ensured to be free of other vehicles and formation contention on the d 1-d 2 road sections on the closed expressway. Therefore, the vehicle-to-vehicle communication messages of the formation can be directly sent through the reserved resource block, and the lowest time delay is guaranteed.

Step 507: the vehicle 1 receives a response of the resource reservation request 1.

And if the response of the resource reservation request 1 is used for indicating that the air interface resource block 1 is successfully reserved, the vehicle 1 is formed into a queue and directly uses the reserved air interface resource block 1 to perform vehicle-vehicle communication on the d 1-d 2 road sections. And if the response of the resource reservation request 1 is used for indicating that the resource reservation of the resource block 1 fails, adopting the existing mode 4 mode to preempt a new air interface resource block or adjusting the vehicle distance when the formation passes through the d 1-d 2 road sections, and the like.

Based on the method shown in fig. 5, in the driving process of the formation, the vehicles 1 in the formation reserve air interface resource blocks in advance for the to-be-driven road sections of the formation through negotiation with the RSU, so that when the formation drives to the to-be-driven road sections, the member vehicles in the formation directly communicate with each other through the reserved air interface resource blocks, communication delay caused by the fact that the formation adopts the existing mode 4 to negotiate the air interface resource blocks with other vehicles is avoided, and the ultra-low delay requirement of vehicle-to-vehicle communication when the formation drives is met.

The method shown in fig. 3 is described below with reference to fig. 1, where the first network element is a V2X server, the formation runs on a highway at a speed of 80km/h, the formation includes a vehicle 1, a vehicle 2, and a vehicle 3, a head vehicle of the formation is the vehicle 1, an RSU communicating with the vehicle 1 is the RSU2, RSUs deployed beside the highway on which the formation runs include { RSU1, RSU2, RSU3, RSU4, and RSU5}, and the vehicle 1 of the formation applies to the V2X server for reserving air interface resources of the road segments d1 to d2 for the formation.

Fig. 6 is a resource reservation method provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, the method may include:

step 601: the vehicle 1 determines the air interface resource blocks 1 of the reserved road sections d 1-d 2.

Step 601 can be described with reference to step 501, without limitation.

Step 602: vehicle 1 sends a resource reservation request 1 to the V2X server at d 0.

The resource reservation request 1 is used to request the RSU2 to reserve the empty resource block 1, and the description of the resource reservation request 1 and the process of the vehicle 1 sending the resource reservation request to the RSU2 at d0 refer to the above step 502, which is not described in detail.

Step 603: the V2X server receives the resource reservation request 1, and determines that the vehicles under RSU 1-RSU 5 will travel to the road sections d 1-d 2 at t 1-t 2 according to the resource reservation request 1.

Step 603 can be referred to as step 503, and is not described in detail.

Step 604: the V2X server sends resource reservation request 2 to RSUs 1-5.

The resource reservation request 2 may be used to request reservation of an empty resource block 1 for formation, where the resource reservation request 2 includes related information of the empty resource block 1, the empty resource block 1 is a series of resource blocks on a sub-channel1 every 10ms from t1 to t2, t1 is 3.75min, and t2 is 7.5 min.

Step 605: the RSU 1-RSU 5 determine to reserve the air interface resource block 1 for the formation, the RSU 1-RSU 5 return a response of the resource reservation request 2 to the V2X server, and the response of the resource reservation request 2 is used for indicating that the air interface resource block 1 is successfully reserved or the resource reservation block 1 fails.

Step 605 may refer to step 505, which is not described in detail.

Step 606: the V2X server transmits a response of the resource reservation request 1 to the vehicle 1 in accordance with the response of the resource reservation request 2 returned from the RSU1 to RSU 5.

Further, when the RSUs 1-5 successfully reserve the air interface resource block 1 for the formation, the RSUs 1-5 send broadcast messages, wherein the broadcast messages include information of the air interface resource block 1 and the formation ID, and inform other vehicles that the air interface resource block 1 is occupied by the formation, and the other vehicles bypass the reserved air interface resource block 1 when allocating and contending for the air interface resource through the mode 4. Therefore, the reserved air interface resource blocks are ensured to be free of other vehicles and formation contention on the d 1-d 2 road sections on the closed expressway. Therefore, the vehicle-to-vehicle communication messages of the formation can be directly sent through the reserved resource block, and the lowest time delay is guaranteed.

Step 607: the vehicle 1 receives a response of the resource reservation request 1.

Based on the method shown in fig. 6, in the driving process of the formation, the vehicles 1 in the formation reserve air resource blocks in advance for the to-be-driven road sections of the formation through negotiation with the V2X server, so that when the formation drives to the to-be-driven road sections, the member vehicles in the formation directly communicate with each other through the reserved air resource blocks, communication delay caused by the fact that the formation adopts the existing mode 4 to negotiate the air resource blocks with other vehicles is avoided, and the ultra-low delay requirement of vehicle-to-vehicle communication during the driving of the formation is met.

The scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced mainly from the perspective of interaction between the head car, the first network element, and the second RSU. It is to be understood that the head car, the first network element, and the second RSU include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing the respective functions in order to implement the above-described functions. Those of skill in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is capable of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software implementing the various illustrative algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed as hardware or computer software drives hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first head car, the first network element, and the second RSU may be divided into functional modules according to the above method example, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the module is schematic, and is only one logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation.

Fig. 7 is a schematic composition diagram of a communication device 70 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the communication device 70 may be a device in a head car or a chip or a system on a chip in the head car. As shown in fig. 7, the communication device 70 may include: a transmitting unit 701, a receiving unit 702;

a sending unit 701, configured to send, to a first network element, a first reservation request for requesting reservation of a first resource block for a formation where a head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation. For example, the sending unit 701 is configured to support the communication device 70 to execute step 301, step 502, and step 602.

A receiving unit 702, configured to receive a response of the first reservation request sent by the first network element, where the response indicates that the first resource block reservation is successful or failed. For example, the receiving unit 702 is configured to support the communication apparatus 70 to perform the steps 306, 507, and 607.

Specifically, in this possible design, all relevant contents of each step related to the first vehicle in the method embodiment shown in fig. 3 to 6 may be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and are not described herein again. The communication device 70 described in this possible design is used to perform the function of the head car in the resource reservation method shown in fig. 3 to 6, and therefore the same effect as the above-described resource reservation method can be achieved.

As another implementation, the communication device 70 shown in fig. 7 may include: a processing module and a communication module. The communication module may integrate the functions of the transmitting unit 701 and the receiving unit 702. The processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 70, e.g., the processing module is used to support the communication device 70 to perform other processes of the techniques described herein. The communication module is used for supporting the communication device 70 to perform the steps 301 and 306 to communicate with other network entities. Further, the communication device 70 shown in fig. 7 may also include a memory module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 70.

The processing module may be a processor or a controller. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. A processor may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, a DSP and a microprocessor, or the like. The communication module may be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface, etc. The storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 70 shown in fig. 7 may be the communication device shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a schematic composition diagram of a communication device 80 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the communication device 80 may be a first network element or a chip or a system on a chip in the first network element, and the first network element may be a first RSU or a V2X server. As shown in fig. 8, the communication device 80 may include: a receiving unit 801 and a transmitting unit 802;

a receiving unit 801, configured to receive a first reservation request sent by a head car and used to request reservation of a first resource block for a formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation. For example, the receiving unit 801 is used to support the communication device 80 to perform the steps 302, 503 and 603.

A sending unit 802, configured to send, according to the first reservation request, a second reservation request for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation to the second RSU; the second reservation request includes information of the first resource block. For example, the sending unit 802 is configured to support the communication device 80 to perform the steps 302, 504, and 604.

The receiving unit 801 is further configured to receive a response sent by the second RSU to the second reservation request indicating that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation. For example, the receiving unit 801 further supports the communication device 80 to perform step 304, step 505, and step 605.

The sending unit 802 is further configured to send, to the head vehicle, a response of the first reservation request indicating success or failure of reservation of the first resource block according to the response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU. For example, the sending unit 802 is further configured to support the communication device 80 to perform steps 305, 506, and 606.

Specifically, in this possible design, all relevant contents of each step related to the first network element in the method embodiment shown in fig. 3 to fig. 6 may be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and are not described herein again. The communication device 80 in this possible design is configured to perform the function of the first network element in the resource reservation method shown in fig. 3 to 6, so that the same effect as the above-mentioned resource reservation method can be achieved.

As another implementation, the communication device 80 shown in fig. 8 may include: a processing module and a communication module. The communication module may integrate the functions of the transmitting unit 802 and the receiving unit 801. The processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 80, e.g., the processing module is used to support the communication device 80 to perform other processes of the techniques described herein. The communication module is used to support the communication device 80 to perform step 302, step 503, step 603, and the like, and communicate with other network entities. Further, the communication device 80 shown in fig. 8 may also include a storage module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 80.

The processing module may be a processor or a controller. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. A processor may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, a DSP and a microprocessor, or the like. The communication module may be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface, etc. The storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 80 shown in fig. 8 may be the communication device shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a schematic composition diagram of a communication device 90 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the communication device 90 may be a second RSU or a chip or a system on a chip in the second RSU. As shown in fig. 9, the communication device 90 may include: a receiving unit 901, a determining unit 902, and a transmitting unit 903;

a receiving unit 901, configured to receive a second reservation request sent by a first network element; the second reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in a formation where the head vehicle is located in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; the second reservation request is for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation. For example, the receiving unit 901 is used to support the communication device 90 to execute the steps 303, 505, and 605.

A determining unit 902, configured to determine to reserve the first resource block for the formation according to the second reservation request. For example, the determining unit 902 is configured to support the communication apparatus 90 to perform the steps 303, 505, and 605.

A sending unit 903, configured to send a response to the second reservation request to the first network element; the response of the second reservation request is to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation. For example, the sending unit 903 is used for supporting the communication device 90 to execute the steps 304, 505, and 605.

Specifically, in this possible design, all relevant contents of each step related to the second RSU in the method embodiment shown in fig. 3 to fig. 6 may be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and are not described herein again. The communication device 90 in this possible design is used to perform the function of the second RSU in the resource reservation method shown in fig. 3 to 6, and thus the same effect as the above-described resource reservation method can be achieved.

As another implementation, the communication device 90 shown in fig. 9 may include: a processing module and a communication module. The processing module may integrate the functions of the determining unit 902 and the communication module may integrate the functions of the transmitting unit 903 and the receiving unit 901. The processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 90, e.g., the processing module is used to support the communication device 90 to perform other processes of the techniques described herein. The communication module is used to support communication of the communication device 90 with other network entities. Further, the communication device 90 shown in fig. 9 may also include a storage module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 90.

The processing module may be a processor or a controller. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. A processor may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, a DSP and a microprocessor, or the like. The communication module may be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface, etc. The storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 90 shown in fig. 9 may be the communication device shown in fig. 2.

Through the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely used as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical functional division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may be one physical unit or a plurality of physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed in a plurality of different places. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are essentially or partially implemented in the form of a software product, where the software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a device (which may be a single chip, a chip, or the like) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for resource reservation, the method comprising:

the head vehicle sends a first reservation request to a first network element; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles of the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation;

the head car receives a response of the first reservation request sent by the first network element; wherein the response of the first reservation request is to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

2. The method of claim 1,

the first network element is a first Road Side Unit (RSU); alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the first network element is an Internet of vehicles V2X server.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,

the first resource block includes one or more subchannels and one or more subframes.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:

the head vehicle determines the first resource block according to the time when the formation passes through the first road section, the frequency of synchronous messages among member vehicles in the formation and the number of the member vehicles in the formation.

5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein sending a first reservation request to a first network element by the lead vehicle comprises:

when the driving time or the driving distance of the head vehicle from the position to the first road section meets a preset condition, the head vehicle sends the first reservation request to the first RSU.

6. The method of claim 5,

the preset conditions are as follows: equal to or greater than a first preset threshold.

7. The method according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the first reservation request further comprises one or more of a driving location of the convoy, a driving speed of the convoy, a driving direction of the convoy, an identification of the convoy.

8. The method of any of claims 1-7, wherein when the response to the first reservation request indicates that the first resource block reservation failed, the method further comprises:

the head vehicle receives information of a second resource block sent by the first network element; wherein the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment determined by the second RSU for the formation.

9. A method for resource reservation, the method comprising:

a first network element receives a first reservation request sent by a head car; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles of the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation;

the first network element sends a second reservation request to a second RSU according to the first reservation request; wherein the second reservation request includes information of the first resource block; the second reservation request is for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

the first network element receives a response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU; wherein the response to the second reservation request is to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation;

the first network element sends a response of the first reservation request to the head car according to a response of the second reservation request sent by the second RSU; wherein the response of the first reservation request is to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

10. The method of claim 9,

the first network element is an Internet of vehicles V2X server.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10,

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11,

the first resource block is determined by the head car according to a time of the formation through the first road segment, a synchronization message frequency between member vehicles in the formation, and a number of member vehicles in the formation.

13. The method according to any of claims 9-12, characterized in that the first reservation request further comprises one or more of a driving location of the convoy, a driving speed of the convoy, a driving direction of the convoy, an identification of the convoy.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13,

and the vehicle under the coverage of the second RSU drives to the first road section at the first time, wherein the first time is the time when the head vehicle drives to the first road section.

15. The method of any of claims 9-14, wherein the second RSU comprises a plurality of RSUs, and wherein the response to the first reservation request indicates that the first resource block reservation was successful when the response to the second reservation request sent by each of the plurality of RSUs indicates that the first resource block was successfully reserved for the fleet.

16. The method of any of claims 9-15, wherein the second RSU fails to reserve the first resource block for the formation, the method further comprising:

the first network element receives information of a second resource block sent by the second RSU; wherein the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment determined by the second RSU for the formation.

17. A method for resource reservation, the method comprising:

a second road side unit RSU receives a second reservation request sent by a first network element; the second reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in a formation where a head vehicle is located in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; the second reservation request is for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

the second RSU determines to reserve the first resource block for the formation according to the second reservation request;

the second RSU sends a response to the second reservation request to the first network element; the response to the second reservation request is to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation.

18. The method of claim 17,

the first network element is an Internet of vehicles V2X server.

19. The method of claim 17 or 18,

20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19,

21. The method of any of claims 17-20, wherein determining, by the second RSU, to reserve the first resource block for the formation based on the second reservation request comprises:

when the second RSU determines that the occupied resource pool does not comprise the first resource block according to the information of the first resource block, the second RSU determines that the first resource block is successfully reserved; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and when the second RSU determines that the occupancy rate of the first resource block is smaller than a second preset threshold value, the second RSU determines that the reservation of the first resource block is successful.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17-21, further comprising:

the second RSU sends a broadcast message; wherein the broadcast message comprises information of the first resource block, and the broadcast message is used for notifying vehicles under the coverage of the second RSU that the first resource block is used.

23. The method of any of claims 17-22, wherein the second RSU fails to reserve the first resource block for the formation, the method further comprising:

the second RSU sends information of a second resource block to the first network element; wherein the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment determined by the second RSU for the formation.

24. A communication apparatus, characterized in that the communication apparatus comprises:

a sending unit, configured to send a first reservation request to a first network element; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles of the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation;

a receiving unit, configured to receive a response to the first reservation request sent by the first network element; wherein the response of the first reservation request is to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

25. The communication device of claim 24,

the first network element is an Internet of vehicles V2X server.

26. The communication device according to claim 24 or 25,

27. The communication device according to any of claims 24-26, wherein the communication device further comprises:

a determining unit, configured to determine the first resource block according to a time when the formation passes through the first road segment, a synchronization message frequency between member vehicles in the formation, and a number of member vehicles in the formation.

28. The communications device according to any of claims 24-27, wherein the communications device sends a first reservation request to a first network element, comprising:

when the travel time or the travel distance of the communication device from the location to the first segment satisfies a preset condition, the communication device transmits the first reservation request to the first RSU.

29. The communication device of claim 28,

30. The communication device according to any of claims 26-29, wherein the first reservation request further comprises one or more of a driving location of the formation, a driving speed of the formation, a driving direction of the formation, an identification of the formation.

31. A communications device according to any of claims 26-30, wherein when the response to the first reservation request indicates that the first resource block reservation failed, the communications device further comprises:

the communication device receives information of a second resource block sent by the first network element; wherein the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment determined by the second RSU for the formation.

32. A communication apparatus, characterized in that the communication apparatus comprises:

the receiving unit is used for receiving a first reservation request sent by a head car; the first reservation request is used for requesting reservation of a first resource block for the formation where the head car is located; the first reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles of the formation in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation;

a sending unit, configured to send a second reservation request to a second RSU according to the first reservation request; wherein the second reservation request includes information of the first resource block; the second reservation request is for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

the receiving unit is further configured to receive a response to the second reservation request sent by the second RSU; wherein the response to the second reservation request is to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation;

the sending unit is further configured to send a response to the first reservation request to the head car according to the response to the second reservation request sent by the second RSU; wherein the response of the first reservation request is to indicate success or failure of the first resource block reservation.

33. The communication device of claim 32,

the communication device is a first road side unit RSU; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the communication device is a vehicle networking V2X server.

34. The communication device according to claim 32 or 33,

35. The communication device according to any of claims 32-34,

36. The communication device according to any of claims 32-35, wherein the first reservation request further comprises one or more of a driving location of the formation, a driving speed of the formation, a driving direction of the formation, an identification of the formation.

37. The communication device according to any of claims 32-36,

38. The communications apparatus of any one of claims 32-37, wherein the second RSU comprises a plurality of RSUs, and wherein the response to the first reservation request indicates that the first resource block reservation was successful when the response to the second reservation request sent by each of the plurality of RSUs indicates that the first resource block was successfully reserved for the fleet.

39. The communications apparatus as claimed in any of claims 32-38, wherein the second RSU fails to reserve the first resource block for the queuing, and the receiving unit is further configured to receive information of a second resource block transmitted by the second RSU; wherein the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment determined by the second RSU for the formation.

40. A communication apparatus, characterized in that the communication apparatus comprises:

a receiving unit, configured to receive a second reservation request sent by a first network element; the second reservation request comprises information of a first resource block, the first resource block is used for communication of member vehicles in a formation where a head vehicle is located in a first road section, and the first road section is a road section to be driven by the formation; the second reservation request is for requesting the second RSU to reserve the first resource block for the formation;

a determining unit, configured to determine to reserve the first resource block for the formation according to the second reservation request;

a sending unit, configured to send a response to the second reservation request to the first network element; the response to the second reservation request is to indicate that the second RSU successfully reserved the first resource block for the formation.

41. The communication device of claim 40,

the first network element is an Internet of vehicles V2X server.

42. The communication device according to claim 40 or 41,

43. The communication device according to any of claims 40-42,

44. The communication device according to any of claims 40-43,

the determining unit is specifically configured to determine that the first resource block is successfully reserved when the occupied resource pool does not include the first resource block; or when the occupancy rate of the first resource block is smaller than a second preset threshold value, the second RSU determines that the reservation of the first resource block is successful.

45. The communication device according to any of claims 40-44,

the sending unit is further configured to send a broadcast message; wherein the broadcast message comprises information of the first resource block, and the broadcast message is used for notifying vehicles under the coverage of the second RSU that the first resource block is used.

46. The communications device according to any of claims 40-45, wherein the second RSU fails to reserve the first resource block for the queuing, and wherein the sending unit is further configured to send information of a second resource block to the first network element; wherein the second resource block is a resource block used in the first segment determined by the second RSU for the formation.