CN112312328A

CN112312328A - Communication method and related device

Info

Publication number: CN112312328A
Application number: CN201910692684.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 应江威; 杨艳梅; 葛翠丽
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-30
Filing date: 2019-07-30
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-30
Also published as: WO2021018260A1; CN112312328B

Abstract

The application provides a communication method and a related device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the user plane function UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal and sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel. The dedicated transmission channel is a data transmission channel dedicated to downlink transmission of user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF to the second terminal, and the user plane data downlink transmitted from the dedicated transmission channel to the second terminal is specified to be further broadcasted by the second terminal (for example, broadcasted through a PC5 interface), so that a lower V2X communication delay can be realized, and user experience is improved.

Description

Communication method and related device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.

Background

With the growth of the automotive industry, vehicle technology is increasingly developed. The internet of vehicles (V2X) is a development trend and a key technology of future intelligent transportation, and as an extension of the internet of things, the internet of vehicles refers to providing Vehicle information through terminals or sensors, Vehicle-mounted terminals, electronic tags and the like mounted on vehicles, realizing communication between vehicles and Infrastructure (V2I), between vehicles and vehicles (V2V), between vehicles and mobile devices (V2N) (collectively referred to as V2X communication), and extracting and sharing data by using an information technology, so as to realize effective management and control of vehicles and provide comprehensive services. The emergence of many on-vehicle devices applied to the internet of vehicles will make the vehicles more intelligent and safer to drive.

In V2X communications, messages passed between a vehicle and objects located outside the vehicle (e.g., other vehicles, mobile devices, infrastructure, etc.) may be referred to as V2X messages. For example, the communicating V2X vehicle may be used to send messages such as a forward collision warning message, a lane change warning message, a blind spot warning message, an intersection movement assistance message, an emergency vehicle approach message, a queue travel message, and the like. V2X messages of V2V/V2I/V2P can be transmitted either via proximity communication 5 (PC 5) interface or via Uu interface, where communication of information is passed between the vehicle and objects located outside the vehicle, and can be referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The PC5 interface is an air interface from device to device (D2D), and the Uu interface is an air interface from User Equipment (UE) or Road Side Unit (RSU) to access network Equipment. AS shown in fig. 1, the RSU may access an access network device through a Uu interface, access an Internet Protocol (IP) network through the access network device, and further communicate with a V2X application server (V2X application server, V2X AS). The RSU has a relay function and can receive the V2X message of the vehicle and forward the message to a corresponding application server; at the same time, the RSU may also receive the V2X message from the application server and send it to the vehicle.

For some V2X messages used for communication between vehicles, which need to be broadcasted in a wide range, and the communication range of the PC5 interface at the transmitting end cannot meet the requirement of the wide-range broadcasting, in the prior art, the transmitting end can transmit the V2X message to be broadcasted to the RSU, then the RSU transmits the V2X message to be broadcasted to the V2X AS, and then the V2X AS transmits the V2X message to be broadcasted to the RSU, and the RSU broadcasts the V2X message to be broadcasted, thereby implementing the wide-range broadcasting of the V2X message to be broadcasted.

However, in some scenarios in practical application, not only the V2X message needs to be broadcasted in a large range, but also a low transmission delay is required, and forwarding processing through the V2X AS may cause an excessive delay, which is difficult to meet user requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a communication method and device, which can reduce V2X communication time delay and improve user experience.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which is described in terms of a User Plane Function (UPF), and the method includes: a user plane function UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a first terminal; and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to a second terminal through a special transmission channel.

The first terminal may be, for example, a UE, and the UE may be any one of a mobile terminal, a communication device, a vehicle-mounted device, and an internet of things device. The second terminal may be, for example, a roadside unit RSU, and in a possible implementation, the second terminal may also be other devices in a vehicle networking, such as a traffic light device, a signal tower (station), and even a vehicle-mounted device, a mobile terminal, and the like. The user plane data is for example a V2X message.

Wherein the dedicated transmission channel is a data transmission channel dedicated to downlink user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF to the second terminal, and the user plane data downlink transmitted from the dedicated transmission channel to the second terminal is specified to be further broadcasted by the second terminal (e.g. broadcasted via the PC5 interface).

It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, after a first terminal (e.g., UE) generates user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to be broadcasted (i.e., to be broadcasted), the user plane data is sent to a UPF of a core network through a data transmission channel, and the UPF can identify that the user plane data needs to be broadcasted, and send the user plane data to a second terminal (e.g., one or more RSUs) through a dedicated transmission channel. Further, the second terminal makes a PC5 interface broadcast according to the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the first aspect, in a first implementation manner, the dedicated transport channel is a first PDU session; the second terminal may request the SMF to establish a data transmission channel between the second terminal and the UPF for the second terminal in advance.

The method further comprises the following steps: and the UPF receives first session function indication information from the SMF, wherein the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is a special transmission channel. In a specific implementation, the first session function indication information may be carried in a first PDU session establishment request initiated by the RSU to the operator network (including the SMF). The SMF, in turn, may send a first session function indication to the UPF during establishment of the first PDU session.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the receiving, by the UPF, user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal includes: the UPF receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second PDU session; the method further comprises the following steps: and the UPF receives second session function indication information, wherein the second session function indication information is used for indicating that the second PDU session is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted. In a specific implementation, the second session function indication information may be carried in a second PDU session establishment request initiated by the UE to the operator network (including the SMF). The SMF may further send a second session function indication to the UPF during establishment of the second PDU session.

The second session function indication information may be, for example, local-routing for V2X indication.

In a possible embodiment, the UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal, including: the UPF receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second PDU session; the said UPF sends the said user's plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal station through the specialized transmission channel, including: and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the corresponding relation between the second PDU session and the special transmission channel (namely the first PDU session).

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, a corresponding relationship between an uplink data transmission channel (second PDU session) and a downlink dedicated transmission channel (first PDU session) can be established in advance. After generating the user plane data to be broadcasted, such as V2X message, the first terminal sends the user plane data to the UPF through the data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be per PDU session granularity bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted", and quickly determines the dedicated transmission channel for downlink transmission according to the corresponding relationship, and correspondingly sends the V2X message to the related second terminals, such as RSUs, through the dedicated transmission channel. Further RSUs make PC5 interface broadcasts according to V2X messages. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the correspondence between the second PDU session and the dedicated transmission channel (i.e., the first PDU session) is generated by a session management function SMF, and before the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel, the UPF receives the correspondence from the session management function SMF and stores the correspondence locally. Because the second PDU session and the first PDU session are established by the SMF as the management and control network element, the corresponding relationship can be obtained quickly and efficiently by implementing the embodiment, and the network overhead and the power consumption of the UPF are saved.

Based on the first implementation manner, in yet another possible embodiment, the corresponding relationship is generated by the UPF according to second session function indication information, topology network information, and location information of the first terminal, where the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data transmitted by the second PDU session is user plane data to be broadcasted, and a topology network structure indicated by the topology network information includes the second terminal. The specific process comprises the following steps: the UPF determines the second terminal from one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the position information of the first terminal; and the UPF generates a corresponding relation between the second PDU session and a special transmission channel corresponding to the second terminal according to the second session function indication information.

It can be seen that, with this embodiment, the UPF may generate the corresponding relationship according to its own requirement, and thus, the maintenance overhead of the SMF on the corresponding relationship is saved. In addition, in this embodiment, the UPF may also temporarily construct a corresponding relationship between the second PDU session and the first PDU session, and after receiving the data packet of the uplink data transmission channel of the first UE, the UPF may temporarily determine the dedicated downlink data transmission channel to transmit the data packet to the appropriate RSU according to the corresponding relationship.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the sending, by the UPF, the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel includes: and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the second session function indication information. That is, in this scheme, the second session function indication information may be used to directly instruct the UPF to transmit the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the determining, by the UPF, the second terminal from one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal includes: the UPF acquires a preset transmission range of the user plane data to be broadcasted; the UPF determines one or more terminals in the preset transmission range according to the topological network information; and the UPF takes a terminal (which can be determined based on the first session function indication information) with a corresponding dedicated transmission channel in one or more terminals in the preset transmission range as the second terminal.

That is, the UPF may determine RSUs corresponding to the dedicated transmission channel within the preset transmission range as suitable RSUs, and forward the user plane data to the suitable RSUs for broadcasting.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the determining, by the UPF, at least one second terminal from the plurality of second terminals according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal includes: the number of the second terminals needing routing for obtaining the user plane data by the UPF is M, and M is more than or equal to 1; and the UPF determines M second terminals which take the position pointed by the position information of the first terminal as the center and are closest to the position of the first terminal as the at least one second terminal according to the topological network information, and the M second terminals are all corresponding to a special transmission channel (which can be determined based on the first session function indication information).

That is, the UPF may determine, as suitable RSUs, RSUs corresponding to the dedicated transmission channels that are closest to the first terminal, and may forward the user plane data downstream to the suitable RSUs for broadcasting.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the obtaining, by the UPF, the preset transmission range of the user plane data includes: the UPF receives the preset transmission range from the SMF; wherein the preset transmission range is sent to the SMF by the first terminal, or sent to the SMF by the PCF, or determined by the SMF according to an operator policy.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the obtaining, by the UPF, the preset transmission range of the user plane data includes: and the UPF determines the preset transmission range according to an operator strategy.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the method further includes: the UPF generates the topology network information (i.e., RSU topology network information) using the location information of the second terminal. That is, the RSU topology network information may be UPF generated by itself. The location information of the second terminal may be, for example, a location of the second terminal when the second terminal is registered to the network.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the obtaining, by the UPF, topological network information includes:

the UPF receives the topological network information from the SMF. That is, the RSU topology network information may be SMF generated

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, after the receiving, by the UPF, the location information and the route indication information of the first terminal sent by the SMF when the location of the first terminal is updated, the method further includes that the UPF receives new location information of the first terminal from the SMF; correspondingly, the UPF determines the at least one second terminal from the plurality of second terminals according to the topology network information and the location information of the first terminal, specifically: and the UPF determines the at least one second terminal from the plurality of second terminals according to the topological network information and the new position information of the first terminal, wherein the at least one second terminal is provided with a special transmission channel (which can be determined based on the first session function indication information).

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, after the receiving, by the UPF, the location information of the any second terminal and the second terminal indication information sent by the SMF, the method further includes that the UPF receives new location information of the any second terminal from the SMF; and the UPF generates new topological network information according to the new position information of any second terminal.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, after the UPF receives the topology network information sent by the SMF, the UPF further receives new topology network information sent by the SMF.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, after the UPF updates the topological network information, the method further includes: and the UPF determines the at least one second terminal from the plurality of second terminals according to the new topological network information and the position information of the first terminal.

Based on the first aspect, in a second implementation manner, the user plane data to be broadcasted is carried in a data packet, where the data packet includes broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted;

the said UPF sends the said user's plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal station through the specialized transmission channel, including: and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the broadcast indication information.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment of the present application, after generating user plane data (e.g. V2X message) to be broadcasted, a first terminal (e.g. UE) sends the user plane data to a core network element (e.g. UPF) through a data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be per packet size bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted". The UPF then determines to which second terminals (e.g., RSUs) the user plane data needs to be forwarded locally and sends the user plane data to the associated second terminals via the corresponding transmission channels. The second terminal further broadcasts the interface of the PC5 according to the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the second implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the broadcast indication information includes data type indication information, and the data type indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data carried in the data packet is user plane data to be broadcast.

Based on the first implementation manner or the second implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the data packet is an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet, and the data type indication information includes a Layer 2 identifier (Layer-2 ID).

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which is described in terms of a session management function SMF, and the method includes: a Session Management Function (SMF) receives a first PDU session establishment request from a second terminal; the first PDU session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a first PDU session for the second terminal, the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is a special transmission channel; the dedicated transmission channel is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal from a User Plane Function (UPF); and the SMF establishes the first PDU session for the second terminal according to the first PDU session establishment request.

In addition, the SMF may also establish a data transmission channel (e.g., a first PDU session) between the first terminal and the UPF for the first terminal (e.g., the UE).

The first terminal may be, for example, User Equipment (UE), and the UE may be any one of a mobile terminal, a communication device, a vehicle-mounted device (such as a vehicle-mounted device applied to an internet of vehicles), and an internet of things device. The second terminal may be, for example, a roadside unit RSU, and in a possible implementation, the second terminal may also be other devices in a vehicle networking, such as a traffic light device, a signal tower (station), and even a vehicle-mounted device, a mobile terminal, and the like. The user plane data is for example a V2X message.

It can be seen that in this embodiment of the present application, the SMF may set up the dedicated transmission channel (i.e. the first PDU session) for the second terminal in advance, so that after the first terminal (e.g. UE) generates the user plane data (e.g. V2X message) to be broadcasted, the user plane data is sent to the UPF of the core network through the data transmission channel, and the UPF will be able to recognize that the user plane data needs to be broadcasted, and send the user plane data to the relevant second terminal (e.g. one or more RSUs) through the dedicated transmission channel. The second terminal further broadcasts the interface of the PC5 according to the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and the SMF sends the first session function indication information to the UPF. In a specific implementation, the first session function indication information may be carried in a first PDU session establishment request initiated by the RSU to the operator network (including the SMF). The SMF, in turn, may send first session function indication information to the UPF during establishment of the first PDU session, where the first session function indication information is used to indicate that the first PDU session is the dedicated transport channel, so that a subsequent UPF may use the first session function indication information (e.g., applied to a process of generating topology network information by the UPF).

In yet another possible embodiment, the first session functionality indication information may be carried in a first PDU session setup request initiated by the RSU towards the operator network (including SMF). The SMF may generate fifth session function indication information according to the first session function indication information, where the fifth session function indication information may also be used to indicate that the first PDU session is the dedicated transmission channel, and the fifth session function indication information is different from the first session function indication information in terms of code content, or cell format, or data format, etc. Further, the SMF may send the fifth session function indication information to the UPF during the establishment of the first PDU session, so that the subsequent UPF may use the fifth session function indication information (for example, apply to the generation process of the topology network information). The detailed implementation contents related to the fifth session function indication information may be similar to those described with reference to the first session function indication information, and detailed descriptions thereof will not be provided herein.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF receives second session function indication information from a first terminal, wherein the second session function indication information is used for indicating that user plane data transmitted by a second PDU session is user plane data to be broadcasted, and the second PDU session is used for transmitting the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal to the UPF.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF receives a second PDU session establishment request from the first terminal; the second PDU session establishment request is used to request to establish a second PDU session for the first terminal, where the second PDU session establishment request carries second session function indication information, and the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted; and the SMF establishes the second PDU session for the first terminal according to the second PDU session establishment request.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises:

the SMF generates a corresponding relation between the second PDU session and the first PDU session according to the second session function indication information, the position information of the first terminal and the topology network information; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal; and the SMF sends the corresponding relation to the UPF.

Because the second PDU session and the first PDU session are established by the SMF, the corresponding relation can be quickly and efficiently obtained by implementing the embodiment, and the network overhead and the power consumption of the UPF are saved.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the SMF may also send second session function indication information to the UPF, so that a subsequent UPF may use the second session function indication information (for example, applying to a generation process of generating a correspondence between the second PDU session and the first PDU session by the UPF).

In a further possible embodiment, the first session functionality indication information may be carried in the second PDU session setup request. The SMF may generate sixth session function indication information according to the second session function indication information, where the sixth session function indication information may also be used to indicate that the user plane data transmitted by the second PDU session is user plane data to be broadcasted, and the difference between the sixth session function indication information and the second session function indication information is that the code content, the cell format, or the data format is different. Further, the SMF may send sixth session function indication information to the UPF during establishment of the second PDU session, so that the subsequent UPF may use the sixth session function indication information (for example, apply to a generation process of generating a correspondence between the second PDU session and the first PDU session by the UPF). The detailed implementation content related to the sixth session function indication information may be similar to the related description referring to the second session function indication information, and the detailed description is not further expanded herein.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the SMF may determine at least one second terminal from a plurality of second terminals indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal. Then, the SMF may generate a correspondence between a second PDU session corresponding to the first terminal and at least one first PDU session corresponding to the at least one second terminal. Wherein, at least one first PDU session corresponding to the at least one second terminal is a dedicated transmission channel.

In one specific implementation, the determining, by the SMF, at least one second terminal from the plurality of second terminals according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal includes: the number of the second terminals needing routing for obtaining the user plane data by the UPF is M, and M is more than or equal to 1; and the UPF determines M second terminals which take the position pointed by the position information of the first terminal as the center and are closest to the position of the first terminal as the at least one second terminal according to the topological network information.

That is, the SMF may determine, as suitable RSUs, RSUs corresponding to dedicated transmission channels and closest to the first terminal, and then determine a correspondence relationship between the UE and the suitable RSUs.

In another specific implementation, the determining, by the SMF, at least one second terminal from the plurality of second terminals according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal includes: the SMF acquires a preset transmission range of the user plane data to be broadcasted; the SMF determines one or more terminals in the preset transmission range according to the topological network information; and the SMF takes a terminal with a corresponding dedicated transmission channel in one or more terminals in the preset transmission range as the at least one second terminal.

That is, the SMF may determine RSUs corresponding to dedicated transmission channels within a preset transmission range as suitable RSUs, and then determine a corresponding relationship between the UE and the suitable RSUs.

The preset transmission range may be sent to the SMF by the first terminal, sent to the SMF by the PCF, or determined by the SMF according to an operator policy.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the acquiring, by the SMF, the preset transmission range of the user plane data includes: and the SMF determines the preset transmission range according to an operator strategy.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and the SMF sends the second session function indication information to the UPF.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF network element acquires the position information of the first terminal; and the SMF network element sends the position information of the first terminal to the UPF.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF network element sends topology network information to the UPF; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information may be a network structure formed by a large number of second terminals.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the SMF network element sends the topological network information to the UPF, the method further includes: the SMF receives the topological network information from the AMF; or, the SMF generates the topology network information according to the location information of the second terminal.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the SMF; or the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the UPF.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, after the SMF network element generates the topological network information, when the location of the first terminal is updated, the method further includes: the SMF network element receives new position information of any second terminal; the SMF network element generates new topological network information according to the new position information of any second terminal;

based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, when the topology network information maintained by the SMF network element is updated, the SMF network element sends the topology network information or the new topology network information to the UPF network element.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which is described from the perspective of a first terminal, and the method includes: a first terminal determines user plane data to be broadcasted; and the first terminal sends information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcasted.

Based on the third aspect, in a first implementation manner, the information for indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted includes second session function indication information, where the second session function indication information is used to indicate that a second PDU session is used for transmitting the user plane data to be broadcasted; the second PDU session is used for the first terminal to transmit the user plane data to UPF.

That is, in this case, the first terminal may send the user plane data to be broadcast of the first terminal to the UPF through the second PDU session, so that the UPF recognizes that the user plane data needs to be broadcast based on the second PDU session, and sends the user plane data to the second terminal (e.g., one or more RSUs) through a dedicated transmission channel. Further, the second terminal makes a PC5 interface broadcast according to the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the method that the first terminal forwards the V2X message to the multiple RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface can improve the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in the vehicle networking communication, reduce time delay and improve broadcasting accuracy, so that the user experience is improved.

Based on the third aspect, in a second implementation manner, the information for indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted includes broadcast indication information for indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted; the first terminal sends information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data, and the information comprises: and the first terminal sends a data packet to a user plane function UPF, wherein the data packet comprises the user plane data to be broadcasted and the broadcast indication information.

That is, in this case, the user plane data to be broadcasted of the first terminal carries the broadcast indication information, and the first terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF, so that the UPF identifies that the user plane data needs to be broadcasted according to the broadcast indication information, and sends the user plane data to the associated second terminal (e.g., one or more RSUs) through the dedicated transmission channel. The second terminal further broadcasts the interface of the PC5 according to the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the method that the first terminal forwards the V2X message to the multiple RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface can improve the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in the vehicle networking communication, reduce time delay and improve broadcasting accuracy, so that the user experience is improved.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the sending, by the first terminal, information for instructing broadcasting of the user plane data to be broadcasted includes: the first terminal sends a second PDU session establishment request to the SMF; the second PDU session establishment request is used to request to establish a second PDU session for the first terminal, and the second PDU session establishment request carries the second session function indication information.

Based on the second implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the data packet is an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet, and the data type indication information includes a Layer 2 identifier (Layer-2 ID). The Layer-2ID may serve as the destination Layer-2ID for PC5 communications on the one hand and may serve as local route indication information on the other hand, i.e., the Layer-2ID may also be used to indicate that the packet needs to be sent directly to one or more RSUs via UPF for broadcast over a larger area.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which is described from the perspective of a second terminal, and the method includes: the second terminal receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a user plane function UPF; and the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted in a PC5 interface broadcasting mode. The user plane data to be broadcasted may be sent by the first terminal to the UPF.

The first terminal may be, for example, User Equipment (UE), and the UE may be any one of a mobile terminal, a communication device, a vehicle-mounted device (a vehicle-mounted device applied to an internet of vehicles), and an internet of things device. The second terminal may be, for example, a roadside unit RSU, and in a possible implementation, the second terminal may also be other devices in a vehicle networking, such as a traffic light device, a signal tower (station), and even a vehicle-mounted device, a mobile terminal, and the like. The user plane data is for example a V2X message.

It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, after the first terminal (e.g. UE) generates the user plane data (e.g. V2X message) to be broadcasted, the user plane data is sent to the UPF of the core network, and the UPF can identify that the user plane data needs to be broadcasted, and send the user plane data to the associated second terminal (e.g. one or more RSUs). The second terminal further broadcasts the interface of the PC5 according to the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the fourth aspect, in a first implementation manner, the receiving, by the second terminal, user plane data to be broadcasted from a UPF includes: and the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF through a special transmission channel.

The dedicated transport channel may be, for example, the first PDU session. In a possible embodiment, before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, the method further includes: and the second terminal sends first session function indication information to the SMF, wherein the first session function indication information is used for indicating that a first PDU session is a special transmission channel, and the first PDU session is used for the second terminal to receive the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF.

In addition, the user plane data to be broadcasted may be sent by the first terminal to the UPF through the second PDU session.

It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, after a first terminal (e.g. UE) generates user plane data (e.g. V2X message) to be broadcasted, the user plane data is sent to a UPF of a core network through a data transmission channel, and the UPF can identify that the user plane data needs to be broadcasted, and send the user plane data to an associated second terminal (e.g. one or more RSUs) through a dedicated transmission channel. The second terminal further broadcasts the PC5 interface based on the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, the method further includes: the second terminal sends a first PDU session establishment request to the SMF; the first PDU session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a first PDU session for the second terminal, the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is the special transmission channel.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, the method further includes: and the second terminal sends the position information of the second terminal to an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element.

Based on the first implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, the second terminal sends a registration request to an AMF network element, where the registration request carries location information of the second terminal.

Based on the fourth aspect, in a second implementation manner, the user plane data to be broadcasted is carried in a data packet, where the data packet includes broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted.

In a possible embodiment, the broadcast indication information includes data type indication information, and the data type indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data carried in the data packet is user plane data to be broadcast.

In a possible embodiment, the data packet is an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet, and the data type indication information includes a Layer 2 identifier (Layer-2 ID).

In one implementation, the unstructured packet includes a V2X payload (V2X payload) and a Layer 2 identifier (Layer-2 ID), where the Layer-2ID may serve as the destination Layer-2ID for PC5 communications on the one hand and may also serve as local routing indication information on the other hand, i.e., the Layer-2ID may also be used to indicate that the packet needs to be sent directly to one or more RSUs via UPF for broadcast over a larger area.

In another implementation, the unstructured packet includes a V2X payload (V2X payload), a Layer 2 identifier (Layer-2 ID), and local routing indication information (e.g., local routing indication bits in the illustration), where the Layer-2ID may be used as the destination Layer-2ID for PC5 communication; the local routing indication information is used to indicate that the packet needs to be sent directly to one or more RSUs via UPF for broadcast over a larger area.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, the UE may send the V2X message of the UE to the UPF based on the data transmission channel. The V2X message may be identified based on packet (packet) granularity, that is, the subsequent UPF may identify the packet as data that needs the UPF to locally forward to the relevant RSUs for broadcasting according to the local routing indication information carried in the packet, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the V2X message and reducing the communication delay.

Based on the first implementation manner or the second implementation manner, in a possible embodiment, before the second terminal uses a PC5 interface broadcast manner to send the user plane data to be broadcast, the method further includes: the second terminal performs data encapsulation of a PC5 interface on the user plane data to be broadcasted to obtain an encapsulated data packet; the encapsulated user plane data packet comprises a source Layer-2ID, a destination Layer-2I and the user plane data to be broadcasted, the source Layer-2ID is a randomly distributed ID, and the destination Layer-2ID is the Layer-2ID in the unstructured data packet; the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted by adopting a PC5 interface broadcasting mode, including: and the second terminal sends the encapsulated data packet in a PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method, which is described in terms of UPF, and the method includes: a user plane function UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a first terminal; and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to a second terminal through a special transmission channel. The dedicated transmission channel is a first QoS flow.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and the UPF receives third session function indication information from the SMF, wherein the third session function indication information is used for indicating that the first QoS flow is the special transmission channel.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal, including: the UPF receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second QoS flow; the method further comprises the following steps: and the UPF receives fourth session function indication information, wherein the fourth session function indication information is used for indicating that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is the user plane data to be broadcasted.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the sending, by the UPF, the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel includes: and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the fourth session function indication information.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal, including: the UPF receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second QoS flow;

the said UPF sends the said user's plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal station through the specialized transmission channel, including: and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the corresponding relation between the second QoS flow and the special transmission channel.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel, the method further includes: the UPF receives the corresponding relation from a Session Management Function (SMF); or, the UPF generates the corresponding relationship according to fourth session function indication information, topology network information, and the location information of the first terminal, where the fourth session function indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is user plane data to be broadcasted, and the topology network structure indicated by the topology network information includes the second terminal.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the receiving, by the UPF, the user plane data transmitted by the first terminal through the second QoS flow transmission channel, the method further includes: under the condition that the first terminal initiates a request for establishing a common PDU session transmission channel, the UPF network element receives the position information of the first terminal sent by SMF; and under the condition that the first terminal further initiates a second QoS flow establishment request, the UPF network element receives fourth session function indication information sent by the SMF.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the generating, by the UPF, the correspondence according to the fourth session function indication information, the topological network information, and the location information of the first terminal includes:

the UPF determines the second terminal from one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the position information of the first terminal; the second terminal should have a dedicated transmission channel (which may be determined based on the third session function indication information).

And the UPF generates a corresponding relation between the special transmission channel corresponding to the second terminal and the second QoS flow according to the fourth session function indication information.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, a corresponding relationship between an uplink data transmission channel (second QoS flow) and a downlink dedicated transmission channel (first QoS flow) may be established in advance. After generating the user plane data to be broadcasted, such as V2X message, the first terminal sends the user plane data to the UPF through the data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be per QoS flow granularity bearing "the user plane data to be broadcasted", and quickly determines the dedicated transmission channel for downlink transmission according to the corresponding relationship, and correspondingly sends the V2X message to the related second terminal, such as RSUs, through the dedicated transmission channel. Further, the RSU makes PC5 interface broadcasts according to V2X messages. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the fifth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the determining, by the UPF, the second terminal from one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal includes: the UPF acquires a preset transmission range of the user plane data to be broadcasted; the UPF determines one or more terminals in the preset transmission range according to the topological network information; and the UPF takes a terminal (which can be determined based on the third session function indication information) with a corresponding dedicated transmission channel in one or more terminals in the preset transmission range as the second terminal.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method, which is described from the perspective of SMF, and includes:

a Session Management Function (SMF) receives a first QoS flow establishment request of a second terminal from a PCF; the first QoS flow establishment request is used for requesting establishment of a first QoS flow for the second terminal, the first QoS flow establishment request carries third session function indication information, and the third session function indication information is used for indicating that the first QoS flow is a dedicated transmission channel; the dedicated transmission channel is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal from a User Plane Function (UPF);

and the SMF establishes the first QoS flow for the second terminal according to the first QoS flow establishment request.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and the SMF sends the third session function indication information to the UPF. The third session function indication information is used to indicate that the first QoS flow is a dedicated transmission channel, so that a subsequent UPF uses the third session function indication information (for example, applied to a process of generating topology network information by a UPF).

In a further possible embodiment, the third session function indication information may be carried in a first QoS flow setup request initiated by the RSU towards the operator network (including the SMF). The SMF may generate seventh session function indication information according to the third session function indication information, where the seventh session function indication information may also be used to indicate that the first QoS flow is a dedicated transport channel, and the seventh session function indication information is different from the third session function indication information in terms of a difference in code content, a difference in cell format, a difference in data format, or the like. Further, the SMF may send the seventh session function indication information to the UPF during the establishment of the first QoS flow, so that the seventh session function indication information may be used by subsequent UPFs (e.g., applied to the generation of the topology network information). The detailed implementation content related to the seventh session function indication information may be similar to the related description referring to the third session function indication information, and the detailed description is not further expanded herein.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF receives fourth session function indication information from the first terminal, wherein the fourth session function indication information is used for indicating user plane data transmitted by a second QoS flow to be user plane data to be broadcasted, and the second QoS flow is used for transmitting the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal to the UPF.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF receives a second QoS flow establishment request of a first terminal from the PCF; the second QoS flow establishment request is used to request establishment of a second QoS flow for the first terminal, the second QoS flow establishment request carries fourth session function indication information, and the fourth session function indication information is used to indicate that user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is user plane data to be broadcasted; and the SMF establishes the second QoS flow for the first terminal according to the second QoS flow establishment request.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF generates a corresponding relation between the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow according to the fourth session function indication information, the position information of the first terminal and topology network information; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal; and the SMF sends the corresponding relation to the UPF.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and the SMF sends the fourth session function indication information to the UPF.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF network element acquires the position information of the first terminal; and the SMF network element sends the position information of the first terminal to the UPF.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF network element sends topology network information to the UPF; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the SMF network element sends the topological network information to the UPF, the method further includes: the SMF receives the topological network information from the AMF; or, the SMF generates the topology network information according to the location information of the second terminal.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the SMF; or the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the UPF.

Based on the sixth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the method further comprises: the SMF receives topology network information sent by the AMF; the topological network information is generated by the AMF network element according to the position information of the plurality of second terminals;

and the SMF network element sends the topology network information to the UPF in the process of establishing a common PDU session transmission channel.

and the SMF network element sends the position information of the first terminal to the UPF in the process of establishing a common PDU session transmission channel.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method, which is described from the perspective of a first terminal, and the method includes: a first terminal determines user plane data to be broadcasted; the first terminal triggers PCF to send information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcasted; the information comprises fourth session function indication information, and the fourth session function indication information is used for indicating that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is the user plane data to be broadcasted; the second QoS flow is used for the first terminal to transmit the user plane data to a UPF.

Based on the seventh aspect, in a possible embodiment, the triggering, by the first terminal, the PCF to send information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted includes: the PCF of the first terminal sends a second QoS flow establishment request to the SMF; the second QoS flow establishment request is used to request establishment of a second QoS flow for the first terminal, and the second QoS flow establishment request carries the fourth session function indication information.

Based on the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the SMF may also send fourth session function indication information to the UPF, so that a subsequent UPF uses the fourth session function indication information (for example, applying to a generation process of a UPF generating a correspondence between the second QoS flow and the first QoS flow).

In a further possible embodiment, the four session function indication information may be carried in the second QoS flow setup request. The SMF may generate eighth session function indication information according to the fourth session function indication information, where the eighth session function indication information may also be used to indicate that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is user plane data to be broadcasted, and the eighth sixth session function indication information is different from the fourth session function indication information in terms of code content, cell format, data format, or the like. Further, the SMF may send eighth session function indication information to the UPF during establishment of the second QoS flow, so that the subsequent UPF uses the eighth session function indication information (for example, applying to a generation process of the UPF for generating a corresponding relationship between the second QoS flow and the first QoS flow). The detailed implementation content related to the eighth session function indication information may be similar to the related description referring to the fourth session function indication information, and the detailed description is not further expanded herein.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method, which is described from the perspective of a second terminal, and the method includes: the second terminal receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a user plane function UPF; and the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted in a PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

Wherein, the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, and the method comprises the following steps: and the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF through a special transmission channel. The dedicated transmission channel is, for example, a first QoS flow.

Based on the eighth aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, the method further includes: and the second terminal triggers the PCF to send third session function indication information to the SMF, wherein the third session function indication information is used for indicating that a first QoS flow is a special transmission channel, and the first QoS flow is used for receiving the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF by the second terminal.

Based on the eighth aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, the method further includes: the second terminal triggers the PCF to send a first QoS flow establishment request to the SMF; the first QoS flow establishment request is used to request establishment of a first QoS flow for the second terminal, the first QoS flow establishment request carries third session function indication information, and the third session function indication information is used to indicate that the first QoS flow is the dedicated transmission channel.

Based on the eighth aspect, in a possible embodiment, before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF, the method further includes: and the second terminal sends the position information of the second terminal to an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element.

Based on the eighth aspect, in a possible embodiment, the second terminal sends a registration request to an AMF network element, where the registration request carries location information of the second terminal.

In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes a user plane function UPF, and the communication device includes: a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, and a processor coupled with the memory; wherein: the receiver is used for receiving data from the outside; the transmitter is used for transmitting data to the outside; the memory is used for storing data and program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions stored by the memory to perform a method as described in any embodiment of the first aspect or the fifth aspect.

In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes a session management function SMF, and the communication device includes: a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, and a processor coupled with the memory; wherein: the receiver is used for receiving data from the outside; the transmitter is used for transmitting data to the outside; the memory is used for storing data and program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions stored by the memory to perform a method as described in any embodiment of the second or sixth aspect.

In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, including: a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, and a processor coupled with the memory; wherein: the receiver is used for receiving data from the outside; the transmitter is used for transmitting data to the outside; the memory is used for storing data and program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions stored by the memory to perform the method as described in any of the embodiments of the three aspects or the seventh aspect.

In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, where the terminal includes: a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, and a processor coupled with the memory; wherein: the receiver is used for receiving data from the outside; the transmitter is used for transmitting data to the outside; the memory is used for storing data and program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions stored by the memory to perform the method as described in any embodiment of the fourth aspect or the eighth aspect. .

In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a readable non-volatile storage medium storing computer instructions, the readable non-volatile storage medium including computer instructions, wherein:

the computer instructions are executed to implement the method described in any embodiment of any of the first to eighth aspects.

In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product which, when run on a computer, is executed to implement the method described in any embodiment of any of the first to eighth aspects.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment of the present application, after generating user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to be broadcasted, a first terminal (e.g., UE) sends the user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to a core network element (e.g., UPF) through a data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies a V2X message to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be per PDU session granularity bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted," or per QoS flow granularity bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted," or per packet granularity bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted. The UPF then determines to which second terminals (e.g., RSUs) the user plane data needs to be forwarded locally and sends the user plane data to the associated second terminals via the corresponding transmission channels. The second terminal further broadcasts the PC5 interface based on the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the background art of the present application will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art V2X scenario;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture for future mobile communications;

FIG. 3A is a simplified diagram of a data transmission channel according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of a specific V2X communication scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4A is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4B is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4C is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4D is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4E is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for RSU registration to a carrier network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6A is a schematic flowchart of a method for establishing an RSU PDU session according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6B is a schematic flow chart of a method for establishing an RSUQoS flow according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for establishing a UE PDU session according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for establishing a ue qos flow according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an unstructured data packet according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another non-structural data packet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method for implementing V2X message broadcasting according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method for implementing V2X message broadcasting according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method for implementing V2X message broadcasting according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. The terminology used in the description of the embodiments section of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of the present application only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

For the understanding of the scheme, a network architecture to which the scheme of the embodiment of the present application may be applied is first described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a future network architecture for mobile communication (e.g., a Third Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP) access architecture of a 5G network), and the 5G network is constructed in a flexible manner to meet widely varying traffic demands. One potential direction is network function separation, i.e., control plane and user plane function separation, and Mobility Management (MM) network element and Session Management (SM) function separation in the control plane. The illustrated network architecture includes a terminal, an access network, and an operator network, which in turn includes a core network and a data network, and a communication device accesses the operator network through an access network device. The specific description is as follows:

the terminal in this embodiment may be a User Equipment (UE) or a roadside Unit (RSU).

Specifically, the UE may be any one of a mobile terminal, a Communication Device (Communication Device), a vehicle-mounted Device of an automobile applied to Internet of vehicles (IoT), and an Internet of Things (IoT) Device. The mobile terminal may be a smart phone (smart phone), a smart watch (smart watch), a smart tablet (smart tablet), or the like; the communication device may be a server, Gateway (GW), controller, or the like; the vehicle-mounted equipment can be a sensor, a vehicle-mounted terminal, an electronic tag and the like which are loaded on a vehicle; the internet of things device may be a sensor, a mobile device (e.g., bicycle/electric vehicle/vehicle), etc.

In particular, the RSU is typically a static device that may be deployed independently at the side of a road or in conjunction with traffic lights, utility poles, base stations, signal towers, and the like. The RSU described in the embodiment of the present application may specifically be an RSU of a user equipment Type (ue Type RSU), and has functions of data operation, storage, and forwarding. Of course, the RSU may also be mobile, for example deployed on a vehicle that may be mobile.

AN Access Network (AN), sometimes also called a Radio Access Network (RAN), may specifically be a network composed of multiple AN devices (e.g. 5G-AN devices), where the AN devices are responsible for accessing a terminal to implement a wireless physical layer function, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless Access control, and mobility management function. The 5G-AN equipment is connected with the UPF through a user interface N3 and is used for transmitting data of the terminal; the 5G-AN equipment establishes control plane signaling connection with the AMF through a control plane interface N2, and is used for realizing functions such as wireless access bearer control and the like. In a specific implementation, the AN device may be a wireless access point, for example: base stations, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) access points, bluetooth access points, and the like; the AN device may also be a wired access point, such as: gateways, modems, fiber access, and the like.

A Data Network (DN), which may be an external network of an operator or a network controlled by the operator, is used to provide service services to users.

The CN serves as a bearer network to provide an interface to the DN, and provides communication connection, authentication, management, policy control, bearer completion for data services, and the like for the terminals (UE, RSU). Wherein, CN further includes: the access and mobility management network element, the session management network element, the authentication server network element, the policy control function network element, the application function network element, the user plane function network element, and the like, are described as follows:

an Access and Mobility Management network element (AMF) for managing Access and Mobility of a terminal, and mainly responsible for functions such as terminal authentication, UE Mobility Management, network slice selection, SMF selection, and the like; serve as anchors for N1 and N2 signaling connections and provide routing of N1/N2 SM messages for SMFs; maintaining and managing state information of the terminal.

A Session Management Function (SMF) is configured to perform establishment and Management of a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Session, a quality of service flow (QoSflow), or a bearer (bearer). Specifically, all Control plane functions responsible for session management include UPF selection, IP address allocation, QoS management of a session, Policy and Charging Control (PCC) rule acquisition from a PCF, and the like.

Authentication Server network element (AUSF), a node where a terminal performs bidirectional Authentication with an operator network. The AUSF can be deployed independently as an independent logic function entity, and can also be integrated in AMF/SMF and other devices.

A Unified Data Manager (UDM) is used to store the registration information of the terminal and possibly also the subscription service Data.

The PCF is deployed with a Policy control Function, completes negotiation of a user plane protection mechanism according to security requirements, and determines the user plane protection mechanism in the network. The PCF may be an independent logical functional entity, or may be integrated in other network elements.

The User Plane Function network element (UPF) is used as an anchor point of PDU session connection and is responsible for data message filtering, data transmission/forwarding, rate control, charging information generation and the like of the terminal. The UPF may be a gateway, a server, a controller, a user plane function network element, etc. The UPF may be located inside the operating network or outside the operating network.

It should be further noted that fig. 2 shows logical relationships among network elements, and in practice, some network elements may be deployed individually, or two or more network elements may be deployed in an entity in an integrated manner. For example, AMF and SMF may be deployed in one entity; or the AMF and SMF may be deployed separately in different entities.

Based on the above network architecture, the data transmission channels involved in the communication process in the embodiments of the present application are analyzed below.

When the terminal needs to communicate with the operator network, at least two aspects of communication are included:

(1) communication between a terminal and AN access network, for example, communication between a UE and the access network (UE-AN communication for short), where the UE-AN communication is direct communication and the UE can communicate with AN apparatus through AN air interface; also for example, the RSU communicates with the access network (RSU-AN communication for short), which is also a direct communication, and the RSU can communicate with the AN device via the air interface.

(2) The terminal communicates with the core network, for example, the UE communicates with the core network (UE-CN communication). The UE-CN communication belongs to indirect communication, and the UE can be in communication connection with a network element in the CN through AN equipment; and for example, the RSU communicates with the core network (RSU-CN communication). RSU-CN communication also pertains to indirect communication, and the RSU may communicate with network elements in the CN through AN apparatus. In this process, the AN device acts as AN pass-through or a forward.

In addition, the hardware infrastructure in the physical Network can be divided into a plurality of virtual end-to-end networks, called Network slices (Network slices), and access Network devices, access technologies, transmission paths and core networks in the networks are logically independent among each virtual Network. The process from the terminal to the access network to the core network of each network slice is logically isolated, each network slice is formed by instantiating an independent network function or a function combination, has different functional characteristics and is oriented to different requirements and services. The separation of the network slices enables different users and user groups to flexibly and dynamically define and customize network capabilities according to different application scenes and requirements of the users and the user groups without influencing each other. The V2X UE may access a V2X type of network slice.

Wherein 1 network slice may include one or more sessions, each session may include one or more QoS flows. In the data transmission process, data of different types of services may be transmitted by using QoS streams of different PDU sessions or data transmission channels corresponding to different QoS streams of the same PDU session, where each QoS stream is associated with a Quality of Service (QoS) parameter set describing attributes of the data transmission channel, such as a bit rate, a delay, an error rate, and the like.

Referring to fig. 3A, fig. 3A is a simplified schematic diagram of a data transmission channel according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3A, a UE or RSU (denoted as UE/RSU) may communicate with AN device, and the UE/RSU may also communicate with a UPF in the core network. The network slice in the communication connection has a variety of transmission channels including one PDU session and one or more QoS flows logically disposed between the UE/RSU and the UPF. In one possible embodiment, one or more Radio bearers (Radio Bearer) logically disposed between the UE/RSU and the AN device may also be included; in yet another possible embodiment, AN N3 tunnel logically disposed between the AN device and the UPF may be further included, and the following description is related to:

the PDU session is a coarse-grained data transmission channel between the UE/RSU and the UPF, and further includes a plurality of finer-grained QoS flows (such as QoS flow1, QoS flow2, and QoS flow3 in the illustration). In the example of fig. 3A, a PDU session may also include multiple Radio Bearer (Radio Bearer) segments and an N3 tunnel segment. The PDUs of different network slices can have different identifications (called PDU session identifications)

The QoS flow is a fine-grained data transmission channel penetrating between the UE and the UPF, the QoS flow has uniform QoS requirements, and different QoS flows have different QoS flow identifications.

In one possible embodiment, the Radio Bearer may be a Bearer channel between the UE/RSU and the AN device, the Radio Bearer supports a signaling Radio Bearer and a Data Radio Bearer (DRB), and different DRBs may include different QoS flows.

In yet another possible embodiment, the N3 tunnel may be a data transmission channel between the AN device and the UPF, which may be used to transmit QoS flow data of the UE/RSU.

Based on the above system architecture and data transmission channel, an application scenario of the 5G system architecture in combination with V2X provided in the embodiments of the present application is described below.

Referring to fig. 3B, an access network in a 5G communication system includes an access network device 221 and an access network device 222 (the access network device 221 and the access network device 222 may be different access network devices or may be the same access network device, which is not limited here), and a core network in the 5G communication system is a core network element group 231. The access network equipment is connected to the core network, e.g., the access network equipment may be connected to the UPF and the AMF in the network element group 231 of the core network. For the related contents of the access network device and the core network element group, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in fig. 2, and details are not described here. Uplink communication or downlink communication is performed between a terminal and access network equipment through a 5G air interface technology, where the terminal is, for example, UE211, UE212, UE213, UE214, RSU241, and RSU 242.

In a specific V2X communication scenario, a UE211 (in the figure, the UE211 is taken as AN example for explanation) is communicatively connected to AN access network device 221, a V2X message is sent to AN221 in a unicast transmission manner through a data transmission channel of the UE211, and then sent to a core network element (for example, UPF) by the access network device 221, and the core network element identifies that the V2X message needs to be broadcast, and determines to which RSUs (such as RSUs 241 and RSUs 242 in the figure) the V2X message needs to be locally forwarded. The core network element sends the V2X message to the RSU241 and RSU242 through the access network device 222 according to the data transmission channels of the RSU241 and RSU242, respectively, and the RSU241 and RSU242 broadcast (e.g., PC5 interface broadcast) according to the V2X message, thereby implementing the broadcast of the V2X message to other UEs (e.g., UE212, UE213, UE214 in the illustration).

For the sake of convenience, the method embodiments described below are all expressed as a combination of a series of action steps, but those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation of the technical solution of the present application is not limited by the order of the series of action steps described.

Based on the above system architecture and data transmission channel, a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below, which is described from the perspective of the first terminal side, the UPF side, and the second terminal side, respectively. Referring to fig. 4A, the method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s11, the first terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF.

Accordingly, the UPF receives user plane data to be broadcast from the first terminal.

The first terminal may be a UE, and the UE may be any one of a mobile terminal, a communication device, a vehicle-mounted device (such as a vehicle-mounted device applied to an internet of vehicles), and an internet of things device.

Specifically, the first terminal may generate or obtain user plane data to be broadcasted, and send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF. For example, in an internet of vehicles communication scenario, the first terminal may be an in-vehicle device, the user plane data to be broadcast may be a V2X message, and the V2X message may be at least one of a front collision warning message, a lane change warning message, a blind spot warning message, an intersection movement assistance message, an emergency vehicle approach message, a queue driving message, and the like, for example, and the V2X message needs to be broadcast to other in-vehicle devices.

S12, the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel.

Accordingly, the second terminal receives user plane data to be broadcast from the UPF.

Specifically, after receiving the user plane data to be broadcasted, the UPF determines that the user plane data to be broadcasted needs to be further transmitted downstream through the dedicated transmission channel, so that the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel. The dedicated transmission channel is a data transmission channel dedicated to downlink transmission of user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF to the second terminal.

And S13, the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted in a PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

That is, the second terminal broadcasts the user plane data to be broadcast received from the dedicated transmission channel via the PC5 interface.

In an example, after the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted, which is sent by the UPF, through the dedicated transmission channel, the second terminal may further perform data encapsulation of a PC5 interface on the user plane data to be broadcasted, so as to obtain an encapsulated data packet; in the encapsulated data packet, the source Layer-2ID is a random distribution ID, and the destination Layer-2ID is the Layer-2ID in the unstructured data packet (in the case that the user plane data is an unstructured data packet). Subsequently, the second terminal may broadcast the encapsulated data packet externally in a PC5 interface broadcasting manner.

It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, a first terminal (e.g. UE) sends user plane data (e.g. V2X message) to be broadcasted to a UPF, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted and sends the V2X message to an associated second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel. The second terminal broadcasts the V2X message over the PC5 interface. Through implementing the embodiment, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in the vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by the method of forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Yet another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below, which is described from the perspective of the SMF side and the second terminal side. Referring to fig. 4B, the method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s21, the SMF receives a first PDU session setup request from the second terminal.

S22, SMF establishes the first PDU conversation for the second terminal according to the first PDU conversation establishing request.

The first PDU session establishment request is used to request establishment of a first PDU session for the second terminal, where the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, the first session function indication information is used to indicate that the first PDU session is a dedicated transmission channel, and the dedicated transmission channel may be a data transmission channel dedicated to transmission of user plane data to be broadcasted from a UPF to the second terminal. The user plane data to be broadcasted, which the first terminal sends to the UPF, may be, for example, a V2X message. Accordingly, the second terminal may be adapted to broadcast user plane data received from the dedicated transmission channel to be broadcast, e.g. via the PC5 interface.

The second terminal may be a roadside unit RSU, or may be other devices in the internet of vehicles, such as a traffic light device, a signal tower (station), a vehicle-mounted device, a mobile terminal, and the like.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, the dedicated transmission channel of the UPF and the second terminal is established through the SMF, which is beneficial for the UPF to broadcast the user plane data to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel after receiving the user plane data to be broadcast at the first terminal, and through implementing the embodiment, which is beneficial for meeting the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range, the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in the car networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and therefore, the user experience is improved.

Yet another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below, which is described from the perspective of the first terminal side. Referring to fig. 4C, the method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s31, the first terminal determines user plane data to be broadcast.

The first terminal may be a UE, and the UE may be any one of a mobile terminal, a communication device, a vehicle-mounted device, and an internet of things device.

The first terminal may generate or obtain user plane data to be broadcast. For example, when the first terminal is an in-vehicle device, the user plane data to be broadcast may be a V2X message, for example, the V2X message may be at least one of a front collision warning message, a lane change warning message, a blind spot warning message, an intersection movement assistance message, an emergency vehicle approach message, a queue driving message, and the like. The application layer of the first terminal determines that the V2X message needs to be broadcast to other in-vehicle devices.

S32, the first terminal sends information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcast.

The first terminal sends information for indicating the user plane data to be broadcasted, and the user plane data to be broadcasted of the first terminal can be broadcasted. For example, when the first terminal is a vehicle-mounted device, the user plane data to be broadcasted may be a V2X message, and the first terminal sends information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted, which is beneficial to achieving the purpose of finally broadcasting the V2X message to other vehicle-mounted devices.

In another example, the information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcasted is a data packet carrying broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcasted. In this case, the sending, by the first terminal, information for instructing to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcast specifically includes: and the first terminal sends the data packet carrying the broadcast indication information to the UPF. Therefore, the UPF can further realize the broadcasting of the user plane data to be broadcasted according to the broadcasting indication information.

In yet another example, the information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is a second session establishment request, and the second session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a data transmission channel between the first terminal and the UPF. In this case, the sending, by the first terminal, information for instructing to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcast specifically includes: a second session establishment request is sent to the SMF. The second session establishment request is sent to the SMF, which is beneficial to establishing a data transmission channel between the first terminal and the UPF, and the data transmission channel can be used for the first terminal to transmit the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF, and further realize the broadcasting.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, when the first terminal determines that the user plane data to be broadcasted locally exists, the first terminal may send, to the outside, information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted, so as to achieve the purpose of finally broadcasting the V2X message to other vehicle-mounted devices. Through implementing this embodiment, be favorable to having satisfied the demand of wider within range broadcast V2X message, can improve the transmission efficiency of V2X message in the car networking communication, reduce the time delay, improve the broadcast precision to user's use experience has been promoted.

Based on the above system architecture and data transmission channel, a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is further described below, and the method is described from a multi-side perspective. Referring to fig. 4D, the method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s101, the SMF receives a first session establishment request from a second terminal.

S102, the SMF establishes a data transmission channel between the second terminal and the UPF according to the first session establishing request.

The data transmission channel may be a dedicated transmission channel, for example, the dedicated transmission channel is used for the UPF to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal.

In one example, the first session establishment request can be a first PDU session establishment request. The first PDU session setup request is used to request to setup a first PDU session for the second terminal, and the first PDU session setup request may carry the first session function indication information. Wherein, the first session function indication information is used to indicate that the first PDU session is a dedicated transmission channel.

In yet another example, the first session establishment request is a first QoS flow establishment request. The first QoS flow establishment request may be configured to request establishment of the first QoS flow for the second terminal, and the first QoS flow establishment request may carry third session function indication information, where the third session function indication information may be configured to indicate that the first QoS flow is a dedicated transmission channel.

The dedicated transmission channel may be a data transmission channel dedicated to transmitting the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF to the second terminal, and correspondingly, the second terminal broadcasts the user plane data to be broadcasted received from the dedicated transmission channel, for example, broadcasts the data on the dedicated transmission channel via the PC5 interface. For example, the dedicated transport channel may be a first PDU session; also for example, the dedicated transport channel may be a first QoS flow.

S103, the first terminal determines the user plane data to be broadcasted.

And S104, the first terminal sends a second session establishment request to the SMF.

Accordingly, the SMF receives a second session establishment request from the first terminal.

And S105, the SMF establishes a data transmission channel between the first terminal and the UPF according to the second session establishment request.

In one example, the second session establishment request is a second PDU session establishment request. The second PDU session establishment request requests establishment of a second PDU session for the first terminal. The second PDU session establishment request carries second session function indication information, where the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted.

In yet another example, the second session establishment request is a second QoS flow establishment request. The second QoS flow establishment request may be used to request establishment of a second QoS flow for the first terminal, where the second QoS flow establishment request carries fourth session function indication information, and the fourth session function indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is user plane data to be broadcasted.

S106, the first terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF.

Wherein, in an internet of vehicles communication scenario, the user plane data to be broadcast may comprise a V2X message.

In one example, when the SMF has established the second PDU session for the first terminal in S104 and S105 described above, the first terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF through the second PDU session.

In another example, when the SMF has established the second QoS flow for the first terminal in S104 and S105 described above, the first terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF through the second QoS flow.

It should be noted that, in a possible implementation, in a case where the first terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF through the second PDU session or the second QoS flow, the user plane data to be broadcasted may also be in a form of an unstructured data packet, except that in these scenarios, the data packet may not carry broadcast indication information, for example, the Layer-2ID in the data packet is not used as the data type indication information.

And S107, the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel.

In one example, the UPF receives second session function indication information in advance, and the second session function indication information indicates to the UPF that the second PDU session is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted. Then, after the UPF receives the user plane data sent by the first terminal through the second PDU session, the UPF may determine, according to the second session function indication information, that the user plane data needs to be downlink transmitted through the dedicated transmission channel established in, for example, S101 and S102, and specifically, the dedicated transmission channel is the first PDU session. The UPF, in turn, sends the user plane data to be broadcast to the second terminal via a dedicated transport channel (first PDU session).

In yet another example, the UPF receives in advance fourth session function indication information indicating to the UPF that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is the user plane data to be broadcasted. Then, after the UPF receives the user plane data sent by the first terminal through the second QoS flow, the UPF may determine, according to the fourth session function indication information, that the user plane data needs to be downlink-transmitted through the dedicated transmission channel established in, for example, S101 and S102, where specifically, the dedicated transmission channel is the first QoS flow. Further, the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel (first QoS flow).

Further, in a possible embodiment of the present application, the number of the second terminals determined to need the downlink routing may be N (e.g., N RSUs), where N is greater than or equal to 1. Then, based on S101 and S102, the second terminal establishes respective dedicated transmission channels (e.g., N dedicated transmission channels) with the UPF, respectively. The UPF may obtain in advance a correspondence (or called binding relationship, mapping relationship, or association relationship) between the transmission channel for uplink transmission and the N dedicated transmission channels for downlink transmission, and thus, after the UPF obtains the user plane to be broadcasted through the transmission channel for uplink transmission, the UPF may determine the N corresponding dedicated transmission channels for downlink transmission based on the correspondence, and then send the user plane data to the N second terminals through the N dedicated transmission channels, respectively.

The correspondence may be pre-constructed by the UPF itself, or may be sent to the UPF by the SMF in advance.

For example, the corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the second PDU session and N first PDU sessions, and after the UPF obtains the user plane data to be broadcasted through the second PDU session, the corresponding N first PDU sessions may be determined based on the corresponding relationship, and then the user plane data is sent to N second terminals through the N first PDU sessions, respectively.

For another example, the corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the second QoS flow and N first QoS flows, and after the UPF obtains the user plane to be broadcasted through the second QoS flow, the corresponding N first QoS flows may be determined based on the corresponding relationship, and then the user plane data is sent to the N second terminals through the N first QoS flows, respectively.

And S108, the second terminal broadcasts the user plane data to be broadcasted by adopting a PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

In an example, after the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted, which is sent by the UPF, through the dedicated transmission channel, the second terminal may further perform data encapsulation of a PC5 interface on the user plane data to be broadcasted, so as to obtain an encapsulated data packet; in the encapsulated user plane data, the source Layer-2ID is a random distribution ID, and the destination Layer-2ID is the Layer-2ID in the unstructured data packet (in the case that the user plane data is an unstructured data packet). Subsequently, the second terminal may broadcast the encapsulated user plane data to the outside in a PC5 interface broadcast manner.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment of the present application, after generating user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to be broadcasted, a first terminal (e.g., UE) sends the user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to a core network element (e.g., UPF) through a data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be a per PDU session granularity bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted" or a per QoS flow granularity bearer "user plane data to be broadcasted". The UPF then determines to which second terminals (e.g., RSUs) the user plane data needs to be forwarded locally and sends the user plane data to the associated second terminals via the corresponding transmission channels. The second terminal further broadcasts the PC5 interface based on the user plane data. Through implementing the embodiment, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in the vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by the method of forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Based on the above system architecture and data transmission channel, the following further describes another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application, which is described from a multi-side perspective. Referring to fig. 4E, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

s201, the SMF receives a first session establishment request from a second terminal.

S202, the SMF establishes a data transmission channel between the second terminal and the UPF according to the first session establishment request.

S203, the first terminal determines the user plane data to be broadcasted.

For specific contents of S201, S202, and S203, reference may be made to the related description of S101, S102, and S103, and for brevity of the description, detailed description is omitted here.

S204, the first terminal encapsulates the user plane data to be broadcasted into a data packet.

For example, the first terminal encapsulates the user plane data to be broadcasted into an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet, that is, the data packet is an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet.

The data packet carries broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used for indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted.

Specifically, the broadcast indication information may include data type indication information, and the data type indication information may be used to indicate that the user plane data in the data packet is the user plane data to be broadcast. The data type indication information may be Layer 2 identification (Layer-2 ID).

And S205, the first terminal sends the data packet carrying the broadcast indication information to the UPF.

Accordingly, the UPF receives the packet.

In one example, the first terminal may send the data packet to the UPF over any transmission channel between the first terminal and the UPF. Optionally, the first terminal may send a data packet carrying broadcast indication information to the UPF through a non-dedicated PDU session, where the "non-dedicated PDU session" is a PDU session (e.g., the second PDU session) not dedicated to transmitting user plane data to be broadcast, as described in this embodiment. Therefore, the non-dedicated PDU session may be used to send a data packet carrying broadcast indication information, or may be used to send other types of data, such as interactive data (e.g., map download data) between the first terminal and some devices (e.g., servers), or location reporting data of the UE, for example. Optionally, the first terminal may further send a data packet carrying broadcast indication information to the UPF through a non-dedicated QoS flow, where the so-called "non-dedicated QoS flow" is a QoS flow (e.g., a second QoS flow) not dedicated to transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted as described in this embodiment.

S206, the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted and the broadcast indication information to the second terminal through the special transmission channel.

Correspondingly, the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted and the broadcast indication information.

Specifically, after receiving the data packet, the UPF may determine, according to the broadcast indication information, to transmit the user plane data to be broadcast in the data packet through a dedicated transmission channel (e.g., the first PDU session or the first QoS flow) established as in S201 and S202.

And S207, the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted in a PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

In an example, after the second terminal receives the data packet sent by the UPF through the dedicated transmission channel, the second terminal may further perform data encapsulation of a PC5 interface on the user plane data to be broadcasted, so as to obtain a data packet encapsulated by a PC5 interface; wherein, the data packet encapsulated by the PC5 interface comprises a source Layer-2ID, a destination Layer-2I and the user plane data to be broadcasted. The source Layer-2ID is a random assignment ID, and the destination Layer-2ID is the Layer-2ID in the unstructured packet (in the case that the user plane data is an unstructured packet). Subsequently, the second terminal may broadcast the encapsulated user plane data to the outside in a PC5 interface broadcast manner.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment, after generating the user plane data (e.g. V2X message) to be broadcasted, the first terminal (e.g. UE) sends the user plane data to the core network element (e.g. UPF) through the data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be per packet granularity bearer "the user plane data to be broadcasted". The UPF then determines to which second terminals (e.g., RSUs) the user plane data needs to be forwarded locally and sends the user plane data to the associated second terminals via the corresponding transmission channels. The second terminal further broadcasts the PC5 interface based on the user plane data. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

The following description will mainly use the first terminal as a User Equipment (UE), the second terminal as an RSU, and the user plane data as a V2X message as an example, and further description will be made for specific implementation manners of the present application.

The RSUs are usually deployed by the operator, and in order to enable the operator network (core network) to determine which RSUs to locally forward the V2X message, in this embodiment, the RSUs may be pre-registered with the operator network, and the operator network determines the topology of the RSUs based on the registered RSUs, so that the operator network may determine to which RSUs to forward the V2X message of the UE based on the topology of the RSUs and the location information of the UE.

A specific method flow for registering an RSU (e.g., UE-Type RSU) to an operator network is described below. Referring to fig. 5, the method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s301, the RSU sends a registration request.

Specifically, the RSU may send a Registration Request (Registration Request) to the AMF through the AN device, where the Registration Request may carry AN identifier of the RSU. Optionally, the registration request further carries RSU indication information (RSU indication) and/or RSU location information.

The RSU indication information indicates that a device that transmits the registration request (hereinafter, referred to as a transmitting device) is an RSU. Specifically, the RSU indication information may include the type or supported capability of the RSU; the identity of the RSU may comprise a user Permanent identity (SUPI) or a user secret identity (SUCI) or a user Globally Unique Temporary Identity (GUTI) or a user identity Identification (SIM) card identity of the RSU; the location information of the RSU is used to indicate a deployment location of the RSU, and may be geographical location information or 3GPP network location information.

It should be noted that the registration request in S301 may not carry RSU indication information, and the AMF may learn that the UE is an RSU according to the identity of the RSU in the registration request. For example, the AMF obtains the subscription information of the RSU according to the identifier of the RSU, and the subscription information includes information that the RSU is.

Wherein the RSU can be a UE-Type RSU.

S302, the AMF acquires the subscription information of the RSU from the UDM.

Wherein, the UDM stores the subscription information of the RSU in advance.

S303, the AMF carries out authorization check on the RSU according to the signing message of the RSU.

In one example, the AMF may determine that the RSU is a legitimate RSU based on the subscription message from the RSU. Specifically, the sign-up message of the RSU includes an RSU indicating that the RSU is legitimate.

S304, the AMF sends a response message to the AN equipment.

The response message may carry Registration accept (Registration accept) information, and may also carry RSU indication information (RSU indication) and/or a connected-always indication (connected-always indication).

Accordingly, the AN equipment receives the response message and generates the context information for the terminal.

Optionally, in a case that the response message carries RSU indication information, the AN device determines that the terminal is AN RSU.

S305, when the response message carries a long connection indication, the AN device and the RSU maintain a long connection state.

Wherein step S305 is optional.

Specifically, the AN device may set AN inactivity timer to a special value to maintain a long connection with the RSU.

S306, the AN equipment sends a response message to the RSU.

Wherein, the response message may carry Registration accept (Registration accept) information.

Accordingly, the RSU receives the response message, thereby completing the registration to the operator network.

It is understood that when multiple RSUs exist in the environment, all RSUs can perform registration to the operator network based on the above registration procedure. In this way, the AMF in the operator network can determine the topology structure (abbreviated as RSU topology network information) formed by all RSUs in the environment according to the registration information (e.g. RSU indication information, RSU location information) of each RSU.

In one example, the AMF may also send RSU topology network information to the SMF, so that the SMF can grasp the RSU topology structure; further, the SMF can also send RSU topology network information to the UPF.

In another example, the AMF may also send registration information of the RSUs to the SMF, so that the SMF determines the topology network structure formed by the RSUs according to the registration information of each RSU.

Further, the SMF can also send RSU topology network information to the UPF.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, RSUs may register with an operator network, so that a core network element (such as AMF, SMF, UPF, and the like) of the operator network grasps RSU topology network information, thereby improving efficiency of V2X message broadcasting and reducing V2X message transmission delay when being applied to a subsequent V2X message broadcasting process.

In one example of the present application, in order to implement the UPF to issue the V2X message to the RSU, a dedicated transmission channel dedicated to transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted, for example, a PDU session transmission channel of the RSU (i.e., the first PDU session described above) may be established in advance between the UPF and the RSU. The method for establishing the RSU PDU session transport channel is described below, referring to fig. 6A, and includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

s401, the RSU sends a PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU Session Establishment Request) to the operator network.

The PDU session setup request may also be referred to as a first PDU session setup request.

Specifically, the RSU sends the PDU session establishment request to the AMF through the AN device, where the PDU session establishment request may carry the first session function indication information.

The first session function indication information is used to indicate that the first PDU session is a dedicated transport channel, and the first session function indication information is, for example, RSU indication information (RSU indication). The RSU indication information is used for indicating that the sending equipment is a terminal of an RSU type; when the RSU indication is sent to the UPF by the SMF during the establishment of the first PDU session, the UPF may determine that the first PDU session is a dedicated transport channel according to the RSU indication.

Of course, the first session function indication information is not limited to the RSU indication information, but may be other information, such as the first session function indication information is also an indication bit, for example; the indication bit is used for indicating that the first PDU session is a special transmission channel. The dedicated transmission channel refers to a data transmission channel dedicated to downstream transmission of user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF to the second terminal, and the user plane data downstream transmitted from the dedicated transmission channel to the second terminal is specified to be further broadcasted via the second terminal (e.g. via the PC5 interface).

S402, the AMF sends the PDU conversation establishment request and the RSU position information to the SMF.

In an example, the AMF selects a dedicated SMF for the PDU session for the RSU, and the AMF sends RSU location information, a PDU session setup request, and an identification of the RSU to the SMF.

Wherein, the AMF obtains the RSU position information and the RSU identification from the RSU context stored by the AMF.

Optionally, the AMF further sends RSU indication information to the SMF, where the RSU indication information may be generated by the AMF when the RSU is successfully registered to the network, or may be received from the RSU when the RSU is registered to the network.

For example, the AMF sends an Nsmf _ pdusesion _ CreateSMContext request to the SMF, where the request carries the SUPI of the RSU, a PDU session establishment request, location information of the RSU, and RSU indication information. Accordingly, the SMF receives the request.

S403, the SMF determines that the first PDU session requested to be established is a special transmission channel for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted according to the first session function indication information in the PDU session establishment request.

Optionally, the SMF locally marks the terminal as an RSU according to the request of the AMF, and adds the RSU to an RSU pool (RSU pool) and/or updates RSU topology network information. For example, after the RSU is registered to the network, the SMF may obtain RSU topology network information from the AMF without having to maintain a RSU pool (RSU pool) and/or RSU topology network information itself through PDU session setup of the RSU.

S404, SMF executes the process of establishing the Association of the Session Management Policy (Session Management Policy Association protocol) between SMF and PCF.

Specifically, the SMF entity may establish a session management Policy association to the PCF entity for the PDU session, and obtain a Policy and Charging Control Rule (PCC Rule for short) of the PDU session from the PCF entity.

S405, the SMF establishes an N4PDU Session (N4PDU Session) to the UPF for the PDU Session.

The establishing process of the N4 session may include: the SMF sends a request message for establishing the N4PDU session to the UPF, and the UPF returns a response message of the request message to the SMF.

Optionally, the request message carries the first session function indication information and/or RSU location information. Wherein, optionally, the UPF may determine, according to the first session function indication information, that the first PDU session requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcast. Meanwhile, optionally, in case that the UPF maintains the RSU pool (RSU pool) and/or the RSU topology network information by itself, the UPF generates and updates the RSU pool (RSU pool) and/or the RSU topology network information according to the first session function indication information and/or the RSU location information.

Optionally, the SMF may also generate and update RSU topology network information according to the first session function indication information and/or RSU location information. Then, the SMF sends the RSU topology network information to the UPF. For example, the SMF sends a request message for establishing an N4PDU session to the UPF, where the request message carries the RSU topology network information.

S406, the SMF sends an N1N2 message transmission request to the AMF.

The N1N2 message transmission request may be an N1N2 message transmission request (Namf _ communication _ N1N2 message transmission request) of the transmission service of the AMF.

Specifically, the N1N2 message transmission request may include parameter information of the PDU session, for example, the parameter information of the PDU session may include N1 SM information (N1 SM information) that needs to be sent to the RSU and first N2 SM information (N2 SM information) that needs to be sent to the AN device.

The N1 SM message may include a PDU Session Establishment Accept (PDU Session Establishment Accept). For example, the PDU Session establishment accept may include an authenticated QoS rule (authorized QoS rule), an SSC mode, an S-NSSAI, an assigned IPV4address (allocated IPV4address), and a Session-AMBR.

The first N2 SM information may include PDU Session identification, QoS profile, core network tunnel information, S-NSSAI, Session-AMBR, etc.

S407, the AMF sends AN N2 PDU session request (N2 PDU session request) to the AN equipment.

The N2 PDU session request may include N1 SM information and the first N2 SM information. The specific contents of the N1 SM information and the first N2 SM information can refer to the description in S406, and are not described herein again.

S408, the AN device and the RSU perform Radio Resource Control (RRC) message interaction.

Wherein, through the RRC message interaction of the AN equipment and the RSU, the air interface resource can be established for the PDU conversation. The AN device may send a response message to the RSU, the response message including the N1 SM information.

S409, the AN equipment sends a N2 PDU Session Response (N2 PDU Session Response) to the AMF.

The N2 PDU Session response may include an identifier of a PDU Session (PDU Session ID), a Cause value Cause, and second N2 SM information. The second N2 SM information may include PDU Session ID, RAN tunnel information (tunnel Info), and accept/reject QoS profile list (list of accepted/rejected QoS profiles).

S410, the AMF sends a request for updating the session management context of the PDU session to the SMF.

The update session management context request of the PDU session may be, for example, an update session management context request (Nsmf _ PDU session _ update SM context request) of a PDU session of the network element SMF.

Wherein, the second N2 SM information can be carried in the request of the update session management context of the PDU session.

S411, the SMF and the UPF carry out a N4 session modification (N4 session modification) flow. Specifically, the SMF may send an N4 session modification request to the UPF, where the N4 session modification request may include RAN tunnel information; the SMF receives a response to the request by the UPF.

S412, the SMF sends a PDU session update session management context response to the AMF.

The PDU session update session management context response may be, for example, an Nsmf _ PDU session _ update SM context response (Nsmf _ PDU session _ update SM context response) of the network element SMF.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, during the RSU PDU session transport channel (first PDU session) establishment process, the AMF may select a dedicated SMF for the PDU session, and then the SMF determines, according to the first session function indication information, that the RSU PDU session requested to be established is a dedicated transport channel for UPF downstream transmission of the V2X message to be broadcasted to the RSU, and continues to perform the RSU PDU session transport channel establishment. Subsequent UPF can send V2X messages needing local forwarding from other UE to relevant RSUs for PC5 interface broadcasting based on the special transmission channel, thereby improving transmission efficiency and reducing communication delay.

In another embodiment of the present application, in order to implement that the UPF issues the V2X message to the RSU, the dedicated transmission channel established in advance between the UPF and the RSU and dedicated to transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted may also be a QoS flow transmission channel of the RSU (i.e. the aforementioned first QoS flow). The method for establishing the RSU QoS flow transport channel is described below, referring to fig. 6B, and includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

s421, PCF sends the third conversation function indication information to SMF.

The third session function indication information is used to indicate that the RSU QoS flow transmission channel (i.e. the aforementioned first QoS flow) is a dedicated transmission channel.

The third session function indication information is, for example, RSU indication information (RSU indication).

S422, the SMF determines the QoS flow transmission channel requested to be established as a special transmission channel for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted according to the third session function indication information.

Wherein the dedicated transmission channel is a data transmission channel dedicated to downstream transmission of V2X messages to be broadcast from the UPF to the RSU, the V2X messages downstream transmitted from the dedicated transmission channel to the RSU being designated for further broadcast out via the RSU (e.g., via the PC5 interface).

S423, the SMF sends an N1N2 message transmission request to the AMF.

The N1N2 message transmission request may be, for example, an N1N2 message transmission request (Namf _ communication _ N1N2 message transmission request) of a transmission service of the network element AMF, where the first N2 SM information carried in the request includes a QoS flow identifier and a QoS profile.

Optionally, the SMF may further send the third session function indication information to the AMF.

And S424, the AMF sends AN N2 PDU session request (N2 PDU session request) to the AN equipment.

Wherein the first N2 SM information may be included in the N2 PDU session request.

S425. the an device and RSU perform RRC Reconfiguration (RRC Reconfiguration).

S426. the an device sends N2 PDU Session Response (N2 PDU Session Response) to AMF.

S427.amf sends an update session management context request for PDU session to SMF.

Optionally, the AMF may obtain RSU location information and an identification of the RSU from its stored RSU context and send the RSU location information and the identification to the SMF. Optionally, the AMF further sends RSU indication information to the SMF, where the RSU indication information may be generated by the AMF when the RSU is successfully registered to the network, or may be received from the RSU when the RSU is registered to the network.

S428, the SMF and the UPF carry out a N4 session modification (N4 session modification) flow.

Specifically, the SMF may send an N4 session modification request to the UPF, and the SMF receives a response to the request from the UPF.

Optionally, the N4 session modification request may include third session function indication information and/or RSU location information; the UPF may determine, according to the third session function indication information, that the QoS flow requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted; optionally, in a case that the UPF maintains the RSU pool (RSU pool) and/or the RSU topology network information by itself, the UPF generates and updates the RSU pool (RSU pool) and/or the RSU topology network information according to the third session function indication information and/or the RSU location information.

Optionally, the SMF may also generate and update RSU topology network information itself according to the third session function indication information and/or RSU location information. Then, the SMF sends the RSU topology network information to the UPF. For example, the session modification request N4 sent by SMF to UPF carries the RSU topology network information.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, during the establishment of an RSU QoS flow transmission channel (first QoS flow), the SMF determines, according to the third session function indication information, that the RSU QoS flow requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for UPF downlink transmission of the V2X message to be broadcasted to the RSU, and continues to perform the establishment of the RSU QoS flow transmission channel. Subsequent UPF can send the V2X message needing local forwarding from UE to relevant RSUs through the dedicated transmission channel for PC5 interface broadcasting based on the dedicated transmission channel, thereby improving transmission efficiency and reducing communication delay.

In an example of the present application, in order to enable the V2X UE to upload the V2X message to be broadcasted to the UPF for subsequent route forwarding, on one hand, a UE PDU session transport channel (i.e. the second PDU session described above) may be established in advance between an operator network (e.g. a UPF network element) and the UE; on the other hand, V2X UEs may negotiate with the operator network (e.g., UPF network elements) a mechanism how to identify the "V2X message that needs to be broadcast". A method for establishing a PDU session transport channel and identifying a message is described below, and referring to fig. 7, in the method, a V2X message can be identified based on a PDU session granularity. The method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s501, UE initiates a PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU Session Establishment Request) to an operator network.

This PDU session setup request may also be referred to herein as a second PDU session setup request. Specifically, the UE sends the PDU session establishment request to the AMF through the AN device, where the PDU session establishment request may carry second session function indication information, and the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the UE PDU session transmission channel is a channel used for transmitting the to-be-broadcasted V2X message. The second session function indication information may be, for example, local-routing for V2X indication.

Wherein the local routing indication information specifically indicates that the message transmitted by the PDU session transport channel is directly sent to one or more RSUs through UPF for broadcasting in a larger area. For example, in an application scenario, the application layer of the UE may indicate that the V2X application message is a V2V message that needs to be broadcast over a larger area, triggering the establishment procedure of a dedicated PDU session.

S502, the AMF sends UE position information and the PDU session establishment request to the SMF.

The AMF obtains UE location information from the UE context stored in the AMF, where the UE location information may be geographical location information or 3GPP network location information (cell ID, RAN ID, TAI, etc.).

For example, the AMF sends an Nsmf _ pdusesion _ CreateSMContext request to the SMF, where the request carries UE location information and a PDU session establishment request.

S503, the SMF determines the PDU session to be established for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcast according to the request of the AMF.

Optionally, the SMF marks the PDU session of the UE as local routing (local routing), where the meaning of the marking of the PDU session is: packets in the PDU session need to be forwarded locally to the relevant RSUs.

S504, SMF executes the process of establishing the Session Management Policy Association (Session Management Policy Association procedure) with PCF.

Specifically, the SMF entity may establish a session management policy association to the PCF entity for the PDU session, and obtain a PCC rule for the PDU session from the PCF entity.

S505, SMF establishes N4PDU conversation (N4PDU Session) to UPF for the PDU conversation

Optionally, the request message carries UE location information and/or second session function indication information (e.g., local routing indication information); the UPF may determine, according to the second session function indication information, that the second PDU session requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcast; meanwhile, under the condition that the UPF determines corresponding RSUs for the UE, the UPF determines proper RSUs according to the second session function indication information and/or the UE position information and the RSU topology network information, or determines RSUs corresponding to the UE, or determines the corresponding relation between the second PDU session and one or more first PDU sessions.

In addition, in one example, if the location of the UE is updated, and the AMF acquires the updated location from the serving base station of the UE or the UE and notifies the SMF, the SMF needs to notify the UPF of the new UE location.

Optionally, the SMF may also determine, according to the second session function indication information and/or the UE location information and the RSU topology network information, the RSUs corresponding to the UE, or determine a correspondence between the second PDU session and one or more first PDU sessions. Then, the SMF sends the corresponding relationship to the UPF, so that the UPF determines RSUs corresponding to the UE according to the corresponding relationship. For example, the SMF sends a request message for establishing an N4PDU session to the UPF, where the request message carries the correspondence.

S506, the SMF sends an N1N2 message transmission request to the AMF.

The N1N2 message transmission request may be, for example, an N1N2 message transmission request of a transmission service of the network element AMF.

S507, the AMF sends AN N2 PDU session request (N2 PDU session request) to the AN equipment.

S508, the AN equipment and the RSU carry out RRC message interaction.

S509, the AN device sends a N2 PDU Session Response (N2 PDU Session Response) to the AMF.

S510, the AMF sends a session management context update request of the PDU session to the SMF.

S511, the SMF and the UPF carry out a N4 session modification (N4 session modification) flow.

S512, the SMF sends a PDU session update session management context response to the AMF.

It should be noted that the detailed implementation process of S506 to S512 may be similar to that described above with reference to the embodiments S406 to S412 in fig. 6A, and for brevity of description, no further description is given here.

In the embodiment of the present application, in the process of establishing a UE PDU session transmission channel (i.e., a second PDU session), the SMF determines, according to the second session function indication information, that the second PDU session requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for the UE to uplink transmit a V2X message to be broadcasted to the UPF, and continues to perform establishment of the UE PDU session transmission channel, so as to send the V2X message of the UE to the UPF, and the UPF identifies that data transmitted by the UE PDU session transmission channel is data that needs to be locally forwarded to a relevant RSUs for PC5 interface broadcasting, and further forwards the V2X message to the corresponding RSUs, thereby improving transmission efficiency of the V2X message and reducing communication delay.

Referring to fig. 8, a method for establishing a QoS flow transmission channel (i.e., the aforementioned second QoS flow) of a UE and identifying a message is described below, in which a V2X message can be identified based on QoS flow granularity. The method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:

s601, PCF sends the fourth conversation function indication information to SMF.

Wherein the fourth session function indication information is used for indicating that the UE QoS flow transmission channel is a channel for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted. The fourth session function indication information may be, for example, local-routing for V2X indication (local-routing for) that is specifically used to directly send a message indicating the transmission of the QoS flow transmission channel to one or more RSUs through the UPF to be broadcast in a larger area.

For example, in an application scenario, the application layer of the UE may indicate that the V2X application message is a V2V message that needs to be broadcast over a larger area, triggering the establishment flow of the dedicated QoS flow. In the process of establishing the QoS flow of the UE, the PCF sends the local routing indication information to the SMF. In addition, the SMF may also acquire UE location information.

And S602, the SMF determines the QoS flow to be established according to the fourth session function indication information for transmitting the V2X message to be broadcasted.

Optionally, the SMF marks the QoS flow of the UE as local routing (local routing), where the QoS flow mark means: packets in this QoS flow need to be forwarded locally to the relevant RSUs.

S603. the smf sends an N1N2 message transfer request to the AMF.

The N1N2 message transmission request may be, for example, an N1N2 message transmission request (Namf _ communication _ N1N2 message transmission request) of a transmission service of the network element AMF, where the first N2 SM information carried in the request includes a QoS flow identifier and a QoS configuration file.

S604, AMF sends N2 PDU session request (N2 PDU session request) to AN equipment.

And S605. the AN equipment and the UE carry out RRC Reconfiguration (RRC Reconfiguration).

And S606. the AN equipment sends an N2 PDU Session Response (N2 PDU Session Response) to the AMF.

And S607. the AMF sends a request of the PDU session for updating the session management context to the SMF.

S608, the SMF and the UPF perform an N4 session modification (N4 session modification) flow.

Optionally, the N4 session modification request may include fourth session function indication information and/or UE location information; the UPF may determine, according to the fourth session function indication information, that the QoS flow requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for transmitting a V2X message to be broadcasted; meanwhile, under the condition that the UPF determines corresponding RSUs for the UE, the UPF determines proper RSUs according to the fourth session function indication information and/or the UE position information and the RSU topological network information, or determines the RSUs corresponding to the UE, or determines the corresponding relation between the second QoS flow and one or more first QoS flows.

Optionally, the SMF may also determine, according to the fourth session function indication information and/or the UE location information and the RSU topology network information, the RSUs corresponding to the UE, or determine a corresponding relationship between the second QoS flow and one or more first QoS flows. Then, the SMF sends the corresponding relationship to the UPF, so that the UPF determines RSUs corresponding to the UE according to the corresponding relationship. For example, the SMF carries the correspondence in the N4 session modification request sent to the UPF. It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, during the QoS flow transmission channel (i.e., the second QoS flow) establishment process, the SMF determines, according to the fourth session function indication information, that the QoS flow requested to be established is a dedicated transmission channel for the UE to uplink transmit the V2X message to be broadcasted to the UPF, and continues to perform the QoS flow transmission channel establishment, so as to implement that the V2X message of the UE is sent to the UPF through the QoS flow transmission channel, and the UPF identifies that the data transmitted by the UE QoS flow transmission channel is data that needs to be locally forwarded to a relevant RSUs for PC5 interface broadcasting, and further forwards the V2X message to the corresponding RSUs, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the V2X message and reducing the communication delay.

Yet another method of message identification of the present embodiment is described below, in which V2X messages can be identified based on packet (packet) granularity.

Referring to fig. 9, in one implementation, the application layer of the UE may indicate that the V2X application message is a V2V message that needs to be broadcast in a larger area, and the encapsulation layer performs Unstructured data encapsulation (Unstructured data encapsulation) according to the V2X payload, thereby encapsulating the message into an Unstructured data (Unstructured data) packet. As shown in fig. 9, the unstructured packet includes a V2X payload (V2X payload) and a Layer-2ID, wherein the Layer-2ID can serve as a destination Layer-2ID for PC5 communication on the one hand and can also serve as local routing indication information on the other hand, that is, the Layer-2ID can also be used to indicate that the packet needs to be sent directly to one or more RSUs via UPF for broadcasting in a larger area.

Referring to fig. 10, in yet another implementation, the application layer of the UE may indicate that the V2X application message is a V2V message that needs to be broadcast over a larger area, and the encapsulation layer performs unstructured data encapsulation according to the V2X payload, thereby encapsulating the message into an unstructured data packet. As shown in fig. 10, the unstructured packet includes a V2X payload (V2X payload), Layer-2ID and local routing indication information (local routing indication bits as shown), wherein the Layer-2ID may be used as the destination Layer-2ID for PC5 communication; the local routing indication information is used to indicate that the packet needs to be sent directly to one or more RSUs via UPF for broadcast over a larger area.

It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, after the PDU session or QoS flow or other transport channels are established, the UE may send the V2X message of the UE to the UPF based on the data transport channel. The V2X message may be identified based on packet (packet) granularity, that is, the subsequent UPF may identify the packet as data that needs the UPF to locally forward to the relevant RSUs for broadcasting according to the local routing indication information carried in the packet, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the V2X message and reducing the communication delay.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiments in fig. 5 to fig. 10, the following further describes a communication method for implementing V2X message broadcasting provided by the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 11, where the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

s701, the first UE (V2X UE on the transmitting side) transmits user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to the UPF.

Specifically, in one example, the first UE transmits user-plane data (e.g., a V2X message) from the PDU session transport channel (i.e., the second PDU session) of the first UE to the UPF via the AN device. For the process of the SMF establishing the second PDU session between the first UE and the UPF, reference may be made to the description of the embodiment in fig. 7, which is not described herein again.

Specifically, in yet another example, the first UE transmits user-plane data (e.g., a V2X message) from the QoS flow transmission channel (i.e., the second QoS flow) of the first UE to the UPF via the AN device. For the procedure of the SMF establishing the second QoS flow between the first UE and the UPF, reference may be made to the description of the embodiment in fig. 8, which is not described herein again.

S702, the UPF identifies that the user plane data (e.g., V2X message) needs to be locally routed to RSUs.

Specifically, based on the foregoing description of the embodiments in fig. 7-10, the first UE negotiates a mechanism for identifying "V2X message needing to be broadcast" with a core network element (UPF), and accordingly, when the first UE generates a V2X message needing to be locally routed by the core network to the RSU for PC5 interface broadcast, after the UPF receives the V2X message sent by the first UE, the UPF may identify whether the user plane data is the V2X message needing to be broadcast according to the mechanism.

In an example, the session granularity bearer "V2X message that needs to be broadcasted" may be per PDU session, in which case, the user plane data received by the UPF may carry, for example, N3 channel identifier information allocated by the UPF for the second PDU session, the UPF determines that the user plane data belongs to the second PDU session transport channel according to the N3 channel identifier information, and the UPF determines that the user plane data transmitted to the UPF through the second PDU session transport channel all need to be sent to one or more RSUs for PC5 interface broadcasting.

In yet another example, the per QoS flow granularity may carry "V2X messages that need to be broadcasted", in which case, the user plane data may carry an identifier of the second QoS flow, for example, and the UPF determines that the user plane data transmitted to the UPF through the second QoS flow transmission channel all need to be sent to one or more RSUs for PC5 interface broadcasting.

In yet another example, it may be that the per packet granularity carries "V2X messages that need to be broadcast". In this case, if the user plane data transmitted through the second PDU session transport channel or the second QoS flow transport channel or other transport channels carries the local routing indication information, the UPF may identify the local routing indication information so as to determine that the user plane data is "V2X message that needs to be sent to one or more RSUs for PC5 interface broadcasting". The local routing indication information in the user plane data may be Layer-2ID (as described in the embodiment of fig. 9), or may be other dedicated local routing indication bits (as described in the embodiment of fig. 10)

S703, the UPF determines to which RSUs to forward the user plane data (e.g., V2X message) according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology information.

Specifically, the UPF identifies the UE data as a V2X message that needs to be forwarded locally. Optionally, the UPF determines an appropriate RSUs according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information.

At S704, the UPF sends the user plane data (e.g., V2X message) to the corresponding RSUs.

Specifically, with the fig. 5 embodiment, the AMF can obtain the location information of all RSUs. In one example, the AMF may generate topology network information of the RSUs according to location information of all RSUs, where the topology network information indicates a topology network structure formed by the RSUs, and then send the topology network information to the UPF through the SMF.

In one example, the AMF may also send the location information of all RSUs to the SMF, so that the SMF generates the topology network information of the RSUs according to the location information of all RSUs, and then the SMF sends the topology network information to the UPF.

In yet another example, the AMF may also send the location information of all RSUs to the UPF through the SMF, so that the UPF generates the topology network information of the RSUs according to the location information of all RSUs.

In a specific implementation, the communication of the location information and/or the communication of the topology network information of the RSU may occur in the transmission channel establishment process as described in fig. 6A, 6B, 7, and 8. For example, in the N4 session establishment procedure or the N4 session modification procedure, the SMF transmits the delivery of location information or topological network information of the RSU to the UPF.

It should be noted that, after the first UE moves, that is, after the location information of the first UE is updated, the AMF sends the updated location information of the first UE to the SMF and/or the UPF, so as to update the location information of the first UE locally stored in the SMF and/or the UPF, and further cause the update of the RSUs corresponding to the subsequent UE.

It should be further noted that, when the positions of some RSUs are moved, that is, the position information of some RSUs is updated, the AMF sends the updated RSU position information to the SMF and/or the UPF, so as to update the RSU position information locally stored by the SMF and/or the UPF, thereby resulting in updating subsequent topology network information.

It should be noted that, when the RSU topology network information generated by the AMF or the SMF is updated, the AMF or the SMF also sends the updated topology network information to the UPF, so as to update the RSU topology network information locally stored in the UPF (in this case, the UPF does not generate the topology network information by itself).

In the embodiment of the present application, the process of determining an appropriate RSUs by the UPF according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information may be implemented in the following manner.

In one approach, the UPF may obtain a preset transmission range of the V2X message to be broadcast. Then, according to the topological network information, one or more RSUs within the preset transmission range are determined, for example, according to a principle of a short distance, in an RSU topological network structure, a number of RSUs that are close to the first UE are selected, and the preset transmission range is, for example, 100, 200 meters, 500 meters, 1000 meters, and the like. Then, the RSUs with the corresponding dedicated transmission channel in one or more RSUs within the preset transmission range are taken as the appropriate RSUs (that is, if some RSUs are not pre-established with dedicated transmission channels, such RSUs are removed from the selection result).

In another way, the UPF may determine, according to a predetermined quantity rule, that the number of RSUs to be routed by the V2X message is M, where M is greater than or equal to 1; then the UPF determines M RSUs centered around the location of the first UE and closest to the location of the first UE as suitable RSUs according to the topology network structure of RSUs, and the M RSUs all have corresponding dedicated transmission channels.

In one example, the UPF sends the user plane data to the one or more RSUs determined in S703 through the AN device according to a PDU session transmission channel (i.e. the first PDU session) between the UPF and the RSUs, respectively. The user plane data (e.g., V2X message) may be, for example, an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet. The establishment of the first PDU session is as described above with reference to the embodiment of fig. 6A.

In yet another example, the UPF transmits the user plane data to the one or more RSUs determined in S703 through the AN apparatus according to the QoS flow transmission channel (i.e., the first QoS flow) between the UPF and the RSUs, respectively. The user plane data (e.g., V2X message) may be, for example, an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet. The establishment of the first QoS flow is described above with reference to the embodiment of fig. 6B.

Further, optionally, the UPF may temporarily establish a correspondence between the uplink data transmission channel and the dedicated downlink data transmission channel according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information, and after receiving the data packet of the uplink data transmission channel of the first UE, the UPF may temporarily determine the dedicated downlink data transmission channel according to the correspondence, that is, determine the appropriate RSUs.

Optionally, in an example, after the UPF successfully establishes the uplink data transmission channel of the first UE, the UPF may construct a corresponding relationship between the uplink data transmission channel and the dedicated downlink data transmission channel according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information. Then, after the data of the UE is identified as the V2X message that needs to be forwarded locally, the dedicated transmission channel for downlink transmission, that is, the appropriate RSUs, can be determined directly according to the correspondence. Or, the UPF may determine an appropriate RSUs according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information. Or after receiving the data packet, the UPF temporarily constructs the corresponding relationship between the data transmission channel for uplink transmission and the special transmission channel for downlink transmission. In one example, after receiving a data packet of an uplink data transmission channel, the UPF needs to temporarily determine a downlink data dedicated transmission channel of the data packet, and then the UPF may determine an appropriate RSUs each time according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information.

For example, the UPF may establish a correspondence between the second PDU session of the first UE and the first PDU session of the one or more RSUs based on the location information of the first UE, RSU topology network information, and second session function indication information (e.g., local routing indication information). Then, after receiving the V2X message transmitted by the second PDU session, the UPF can quickly determine one or more downlink dedicated transmission channels (i.e. one or more first PDU sessions) corresponding to the second PDU session, where the one or more first PDU sessions correspond to one or more RSUs, respectively, according to the correspondence.

Also for example, the UPF may establish a correspondence between the second QoS flow of the first UE and the first QoS flow of the one or more RSUs based on the location information of the first UE, the RSU topology network information, and the fourth session function indication information (e.g., local routing indication information). Then, after receiving the V2X message transmitted by the second QoS flow, the UPF can quickly determine, according to the correspondence, one or more dedicated transmission channels (i.e., one or more first QoS flows) for downlink transmission corresponding to the second QoS flow, where the one or more first QoS flows correspond to one or more RSUs, respectively. In one example, the UPF receives a correspondence between an uplink data transmission channel and a downlink data dedicated transmission channel from the SMF; in another example, after the SMF successfully establishes the uplink data transmission channel of the first UE, the SMF may construct a corresponding relationship between the uplink data transmission channel and the downlink data dedicated transmission channel according to the location information of the first UE and the RSU topology network information, and then send the corresponding relationship to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF stores the corresponding relationship.

S705, the RSU packages the PC5 according to the user plane data (such as V2X message).

In one example, after receiving the unstructured data packet, the RSU determines that the data packet needs to be subjected to PC5 interface broadcasting according to the layer-2ID in the unstructured data packet, and performs PC5 encapsulation on the user plane data (e.g., V2X message). In the V2X message encapsulated by the PC5, the source layer-2ID is randomly assigned, and the destination layer-2ID is the layer-2ID in the received unstructured data packet. In a specific implementation, the destination layer-2ID may correspond to a V2X Server ID.

S706, the RSU broadcasts the user plane data encapsulated by the PC5 (such as V2X message encapsulated by the PC5) through the PC5 interface.

In this way, one or more other UEs (e.g., a second UE) obtain the user plane data (V2X message) from the PC5 interface broadcast. The second UE is any other UE different from the first UE, and the second UE may be, for example, a vehicle-mounted device.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment of the present application, an operator network may determine an RSU topology structure in advance according to registration information of RSUs, and after generating a V2X message to be broadcasted, a UE sends the V2X message to a core network element (e.g., UPF) through a data transmission channel, where the UPF identifies a V2X message to be broadcasted, and the identification mechanism may be a per PDU session granularity bearer "V2X message to be broadcasted," or a per QoS flow granularity bearer "V2X message to be broadcasted," or a per packet granularity bearer "V2X message to be broadcasted. The UPF then sends the V2X message to the associated RSU via the corresponding dedicated transmission channel. Further RSUs make PC5 interface broadcasts according to V2X messages. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Still another communication method for implementing V2X message broadcasting provided by the embodiment of the present application is further described below, and referring to fig. 12, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

s801, the RSU requests the SMF to establish a first PDU session between the RSU and the UPF.

The first PDU session is a dedicated transport channel. Wherein, the number of RSUs is 1 or more. When the number of the RSUs is multiple, the RSUs respectively request to establish a first PDU session with the UPF. For a specific establishment process, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in fig. 6A, which is not described herein again.

S802, the first UE requests the SMF to establish a second PDU session between the first UE and the UPF.

For a specific establishment process, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in fig. 7, which is not described herein again. In one example, upon completion of establishing the second PDU session, the trigger is executed in the subsequent step S803.

It should be noted that there is no necessary sequence between S801 and S802, that is, S801 may occur before S802, S801 may also occur after S802, and S801 and S802 may also occur simultaneously, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

S803, the SMF establishes the corresponding relation between the second PDU session and the first PDU session.

In one example, the SMF may generate a correspondence between the second PDU session and the first PDU session according to pre-obtained second session function indication information, location information of the first UE, and topology network information; wherein the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted. The second session function indication information may be, for example, local-routing for V2X indication carried in a PDU session establishment request initiated by the first UE. The location information of the first UE may be location information obtained by the AMF from a first UE context stored in the first UE, or may be obtained by the SMF during a PDU session setup initiated by the first UE. The topology network information is used to indicate the topology network structure of the RSU, and the topology network information may be generated by the SMF according to the location information of all RSUs, or may be sent to the SMF by the AMF.

Specifically, the SMF may determine one or more RSUs from a topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the location information of the first UE; then, according to the second session function indication information, a corresponding relation between the second PDU session of the first UE and the first PDU session of one or more RSUs is generated.

S804, the SMF sends the corresponding relation to the UPF.

And S805, when the first UE needs to broadcast the V2X message, the first UE sends the V2X message to be broadcast to the UPF through the second PDU session.

And S806, determining the RSUs required to be sent in the downlink by the UPF according to the corresponding relation.

Or, the UPF determines the target RSUs of the V2X message according to the correspondence.

Specifically, after receiving the V2X message transmitted by the first UE through the second PDU session, the UPF identifies that the V2X message needs to be broadcasted, and the identification mechanism may be a per PDU session granularity bearer "V2X message needs to be broadcasted", or a per packet granularity bearer "V2X message needs to be broadcasted". Reference is made to the foregoing description, and no further description is deemed necessary. Then, according to the corresponding relation, one or more downlink dedicated transmission channels (i.e. one or more first PDU sessions) corresponding to the second PDU session can be quickly determined, and the one or more first PDU sessions respectively correspond to one or more RSUs.

S807, the UPF sends a V2X message to be broadcast to the RSUs determined in S806 via the first PDU session.

S808, the RSU carries out PC5 encapsulation on the V2X message to be broadcasted, and obtains the encapsulated V2X message.

For details, reference may be made to the description of embodiment S705 in fig. 11, which is not repeated herein.

And S809, the RSU broadcasts the packaged V2X message through a PC5 interface.

Accordingly, the second UE obtains the V2X message by receiving the broadcast.

It can be seen that, in this embodiment of the present application, an operator network (e.g., an SMF network element) may pre-establish a correspondence between an uplink data transmission channel (second PDU session) and a downlink dedicated transmission channel (first PDU session), and send the correspondence to the UPF. After generating the V2X message to be broadcasted, the first UE sends the message to the UPF through the data transmission channel, and the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, and quickly determines the dedicated transmission channel for downlink transmission according to the corresponding relationship, and correspondingly sends the V2X message to the relevant RSUs through the dedicated transmission channel. Further RSUs make PC5 interface broadcasts according to V2X messages. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

Still another communication method for implementing V2X message broadcasting provided by the embodiment of the present application is further described below, and referring to fig. 13, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

s901, the RSU triggers PCF to initiate the establishment of the first QoS flow between the RSU and the UPF.

The first QoS flow is a dedicated transport channel. Wherein, the number of RSUs is 1 or more. When the number of the RSUs is multiple, the RSUs respectively request to establish a first QoS flow between each RSU and the UPF. For a specific establishment process, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in fig. 6B, which is not described herein again.

S902, the first UE requests the SMF to establish a second QoS flow between the first UE and the UPF.

For a specific establishment process, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in fig. 8, which is not described herein again. In one example, after the establishment of the second QoS flow is completed, the triggering of the subsequent step S903 is performed.

It should be noted that there is no necessary sequence between S901 and S902, that is, S901 may occur before S902, S901 may also occur after S902, and S901 and S902 may also occur simultaneously, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

S903, the SMF establishes a corresponding relation between the second QoS flow and the first QoS flow.

In an example, the SMF may generate a corresponding relationship between the second QoS flow and the first QoS flow according to the fourth session function indication information, the location information of the first UE, and the topology network information obtained in advance; and the fourth session function indication information is used for indicating that the user plane data transmitted by the second QoS flow is the user plane data to be broadcasted. The fourth session function indication information may be, for example, local-routing for V2X indication carried in the QoS flow establishment request initiated by the first UE. The location information of the first UE may be the location information that the AMF obtains from the first UE context stored in the AMF and sends to the SMF in the PDU session establishment process, or the location information that the SMF obtains in the QoS flow establishment process initiated by the first UE. The topology network information is used to indicate the topology network structure of the RSU, and the topology network information may be generated by the SMF according to the location information of all RSUs, or may be sent to the SMF by the AMF.

Specifically, the SMF may determine one or more RSUs from a topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the location information of the first UE; and then, generating a corresponding relation between the second QoS flow of the first UE and the first QoS flow of one or more RSUs according to the fourth session function indication information.

And S904, the SMF sends the corresponding relation to the UPF.

S905, when the first UE needs to broadcast the V2X message, the first UE sends the V2X message to be broadcast to the UPF through the second PDU session.

And S906, the UPF determines the RSU needing downlink transmission according to the corresponding relation.

Specifically, after receiving the V2X message transmitted by the first UE through the second QoS flow, the UPF identifies that the V2X message needs to be broadcasted, where the identification mechanism may be per QoS flow granularity bearer "V2X message needs to be broadcasted", or may be per data packet granularity bearer "V2X message needs to be broadcasted". Reference is made to the foregoing description, and no further description is deemed necessary. Then, according to the corresponding relationship, one or more dedicated transmission channels (i.e. one or more first QoS flows) for downlink transmission corresponding to the second QoS flow can be quickly determined, and the one or more first QoS flows respectively correspond to the one or more RSUs.

S907, UPF sends the V2X message to be broadcasted to the RSUs determined in S906 through the first QoS flow.

S908, the RSU carries out PC5 encapsulation on the V2X message to be broadcasted, and obtains the encapsulated V2X message. For details, reference may be made to the description of embodiment S705 in fig. 11, which is not repeated herein.

And S909 and RSU broadcast the packaged V2X message on a PC5 interface.

Accordingly, the second UE obtains the V2X message by receiving the broadcast.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, an operator network (e.g., an SMF network element) may pre-establish a correspondence between an uplink data transmission channel (second QoS flow) and a downlink dedicated transmission channel (first QoS flow), and send the correspondence to the UPF. After generating the V2X message to be broadcasted, the first UE sends the message to the UPF through the data transmission channel, the UPF identifies the V2X message to be broadcasted, and quickly determines the dedicated transmission channel for downlink transmission according to the correspondence, and correspondingly sends the V2X message to the relevant RSUs through the dedicated transmission channel. Further RSUs make PC5 interface broadcasts according to V2X messages. By implementing the embodiment of the application, the requirement of broadcasting the V2X message in a wider range is met, and the transmission efficiency of the V2X message in vehicle networking communication can be improved, the time delay is reduced, the broadcasting accuracy is improved, and the user experience is improved by adopting the method for forwarding the V2X message to a plurality of RSUs through the UPF local route to broadcast the PC5 interface.

The methods associated with the embodiments of the present application are set forth above in detail, and the apparatuses associated with the embodiments of the present application are provided below.

Based on the same application concept, the present embodiment provides a communication device 1000, where the communication device 1000 may specifically be a UPF, as shown in fig. 14, and the communication device 1000 may include: the receiving module 1001 and the sending module 1002 may further include a processing module 1003. The communication device 1000 may be used to implement the functions of the UPF in the communication method described in the embodiments of the present application.

Specifically, the receiving module 1001 is configured to receive user plane data to be broadcasted from a first terminal;

the sending module 1002 is configured to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel.

In one example, the dedicated transport channel is a first PDU session; the receiving module 1001 is specifically configured to receive first session function indication information from the SMF, where the first session function indication information is used to indicate that the first PDU session is the dedicated transmission channel.

In one example, the user plane data to be broadcasted is carried in a data packet, where the data packet includes broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted; the sending module 1002 is specifically configured to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel according to the broadcast indication information.

In an example, the broadcast indication information includes data type indication information, and the data type indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data carried in the data packet is user plane data to be broadcast.

In one example, the data packet is an unstructured data (unstructured data) packet, and the data type indication information includes a Layer 2 identifier (Layer-2 ID).

In an example, the receiving module 1001 is specifically configured to receive the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second PDU session; and the second session function indication information is used for indicating that the second PDU session is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted.

In an example, the sending module 1002 is specifically configured to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel according to the second session function indication information.

In an example, the receiving module 1001 is specifically configured to receive the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second PDU session; the sending module 1002 is specifically configured to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the dedicated transmission channel according to a correspondence between the second PDU session and the dedicated transmission channel.

In an example, the receiving module 1001 is specifically configured to receive the corresponding relationship from a session management function SMF; or, the processing module 1003 generates the corresponding relationship according to second session function indication information, topology network information, and location information of the first terminal, where the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted, and a topology network structure indicated by the topology network information includes the second terminal.

In an example, the processing module 1003 is specifically configured to determine, according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal, the second terminal from one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information; and generating a corresponding relation between the dedicated transmission channel corresponding to the second terminal and the second PDU session according to the second session function indication information.

In an example, the processing module 1003 is specifically configured to obtain a preset transmission range of the user plane data to be broadcasted; determining one or more terminals in the preset transmission range according to the topological network information; and taking a terminal with a corresponding special transmission channel in one or more terminals in the preset transmission range as the second terminal.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the UPF in any embodiment of fig. 4A, 4D, 4E, 5-8, and 11-13, the implementation method of each functional module included in the communication apparatus 1000 can be clearly known by those skilled in the art, and therefore, for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

In another embodiment of the present application, a communication device 1100 is provided, where the communication device 1100 may specifically be an SMF, or a chip or a system on a chip located on the SMF, as shown in fig. 15, the communication device 1100 may include: a receiving module 1101, a channel establishing module 1102, and a sending module 1103. The communication apparatus 1100 may implement the function of the SMF in the communication method described in the embodiment of the present application.

Specifically, the receiving module 1101 is configured to receive a first PDU session establishment request from a second terminal; the first PDU session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a first PDU session for the second terminal, the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is a special transmission channel; the dedicated transmission channel is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal from a User Plane Function (UPF);

the channel establishing module 1102 is configured to establish the first PDU session for the second terminal according to the first PDU session establishment request.

In an example, the sending module 1103 is configured to send the first session function indication information to the UPF.

In one example, the receiving module 1101 is configured to receive second session function indication information from a first terminal, where the second session function indication information is used to indicate a second PDU session for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted, and the second PDU session is used to transmit the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal to the UPF.

In one example, the receiving module 1101 is configured to receive a second PDU session setup request from the first terminal; the second PDU session establishment request is used to request to establish a second PDU session for the first terminal, where the second PDU session establishment request carries second session function indication information, and the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted; the channel establishing module 1102 is configured to establish the second PDU session for the first terminal according to the second PDU session establishment request.

In an example, the channel establishing module 1102 is configured to generate a corresponding relationship between the first PDU session and the second PDU session according to the second session function indication information, the location information of the first terminal, and the topology network information; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal; the sending module 1103 is configured to send the correspondence to the UPF.

In an example, the sending module 1103 is configured to send the second session function indication information to the UPF.

In one example, the receiving module 1101 is configured to obtain location information of the first terminal; the sending module 1103 is configured to send the location information of the first terminal to the UPF.

In one example, the sending module 1103 is configured to send the topological network information to the UPF; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal.

In one example, the receiving module 1101 is configured to receive the topology network information from the AMF; or, the channel establishing module 1102 is configured to generate the topology network information according to the location information of the second terminal.

In one example, the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the SMF; or the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the UPF.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the SMF in any embodiment of fig. 4B, 4D, 4E, 5 to 8, and 11 to 13, a person skilled in the art can clearly know the implementation method of each functional module included in the communication device 1100, so for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus 1200, where the communication apparatus 1200 may specifically be a terminal, for example, a user equipment UE, and as shown in fig. 16, the communication apparatus 1200 may include: the code of the obtaining module 1201 and the sending module 1202, and the obtaining module 1201 and the sending module 1202 may be stored in the memory 1602 of the apparatus 1600 (in this case, the apparatus 1600 may be embodied as a UE) described in the embodiment of fig. 18, and executed by the processor 1601, for implementing the function of the UE or the first terminal in the communication method described in the embodiment of the present application.

Specifically, the obtaining module 1201 is configured to determine user plane data to be broadcasted;

the sending module 1202 is configured to send information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted.

In one example, the information includes broadcast indication information; the broadcast indication information is used for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcast; the sending module 1202 is configured to send a data packet to a user plane function UPF, where the data packet includes the user plane data to be broadcasted and the broadcast indication information.

In one example, the information includes second session function indication information, where the second session function indication information is used to indicate that a second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted; the second PDU session is used for the first terminal to transmit the user plane data to UPF.

In one example, the sending module 1202 is configured to send a second PDU session establishment request to the SMF; the second PDU session establishment request is used to request to establish a second PDU session for the first terminal, and the second PDU session establishment request carries the second session function indication information.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the UE in fig. 7 and fig. 8, or the first UE in any embodiment of fig. 11 to fig. 13, or the first terminal in fig. 4A, fig. 4C, fig. 4D, and fig. 4E, a person skilled in the art can clearly know an implementation method of each functional module included in the communication apparatus 1200, and therefore, for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

In another embodiment of the present application, a communication apparatus 1300 is provided, where the communication apparatus 1300 may specifically be a terminal, for example, a roadside unit RSU, and as shown in fig. 17, the communication apparatus 1300 may include: a receiving module 1301, an encapsulating module 1302 and a sending module 1303. To implement the function of the RSU or the second terminal in the communication method described in the embodiments of the present application.

Specifically, the receiving module 1301 is configured to receive user plane data to be broadcasted from a user plane function UPF;

the sending module 1303 is configured to send the user plane data to be broadcasted by using a PC5 interface broadcasting manner.

In one example, the receiving module 1301 is configured to receive the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF through a dedicated transmission channel.

In an example, the sending module 1303 is configured to send first session function indication information to the SMF, where the first session function indication information is used to indicate that a first PDU session is a dedicated transmission channel, and the first PDU session is used for the second terminal to receive the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF.

In an example, the sending module 1303 is configured to send a first PDU session establishment request to the SMF; the first PDU session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a first PDU session for the second terminal, the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is the special transmission channel.

In an example, the sending module 1303 is configured to send the location information of the second terminal to an access and mobility management function AMF.

In an example, the sending module 1303 is configured to send a registration request to an AMF network element, where the registration request carries the location information of the second terminal.

In an example, the user plane data to be broadcasted is carried in a data packet, where the data packet includes broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted.

In an example, the encapsulating module 1302 is configured to perform data encapsulation of a PC5 interface on the user plane data to be broadcasted, so as to obtain an encapsulated data packet; in the encapsulated data packet, the source Layer-2ID is a randomly distributed ID, and the destination Layer-2ID is the Layer-2ID in the unstructured data packet; the sending module 1303 is configured to send the encapsulated data packet in a PC5 interface broadcast manner.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the RSU in fig. 5, fig. 6A, and fig. 6B, or the RSU in any embodiment in fig. 11 to fig. 13, or the second terminal in fig. 4A, fig. 4B, fig. 4D, and fig. 4E, a person skilled in the art can clearly know an implementation method of each functional module included in the communication apparatus 1300, so for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

Based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 1600, referring to fig. 18, where the apparatus 1600 includes a processor 1601 and a memory 1602.

The Memory 1602 includes, but is not limited to, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read-Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), or a portable Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), and is used for storing relevant program instructions and data (e.g., user plane data).

The processor 1601 may be one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), and in the case that the processor 1601 is one CPU, the CPU may be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

The processor 1601 is configured to read program instruction codes stored in the memory 1602 to implement the functions of the network element device or the terminal in any of the embodiments of fig. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 5-8, and 11-13.

The program instruction codes stored in memory 1602 are specifically configured to implement the functions of the UPF in any of the embodiments of fig. 4A, 4D, 4E, 5-8, 11-13 described above when apparatus 1600 is or is located in the UPF. Specifically, the processor 1601 is configured to call the program instruction codes stored in the memory 1602, and perform the following steps:

receiving user plane data to be broadcasted from a first terminal;

and sending the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a special transmission channel.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the UPF in any embodiment of fig. 4A, 4D, 4E, 5-8, and 11-13, the implementation method of each hardware included in the apparatus 1600 can be clearly known by those skilled in the art, and therefore, for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

When the apparatus 1600 is an SMF or is located in an SMF, the program instruction codes stored in the memory 1602 are specifically used to implement the functions of the SMF in any of the embodiments in fig. 4B, 4D, 4E, 5-8, and 11-13 described above.

In particular, processor 1601 is operable to call program instruction code stored in memory 1602 and perform the following steps:

receiving a first PDU session establishment request from a second terminal; the first PDU session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a first PDU session for the second terminal, the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is a special transmission channel; the dedicated transmission channel is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal from a User Plane Function (UPF);

and establishing the first PDU session for the second terminal according to the first PDU session establishment request.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the SMF in any embodiment of fig. 4B, 4D, 4E, 5-8, and 11-13, a method for implementing each hardware included in the apparatus 1600 is clearly known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

When the apparatus 1600 is a user terminal or UE, the program instruction codes stored in the memory 1602 are specifically used to implement the functions of the first terminal in embodiments such as the above-described UE in fig. 7, fig. 8, or the first UE in any of fig. 11-13, or the embodiments of fig. 4A, fig. 4C, fig. 4D, and fig. 4E.

determining, by the processor 1601, user plane data to be broadcast;

information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is sent through the transmitter 1603.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the UE in fig. 7 and fig. 8, or the first UE in any embodiment of fig. 11 to fig. 13, or the first terminal in fig. 4A, fig. 4C, fig. 4D, and fig. 4E, a person skilled in the art can clearly know an implementation method of each hardware included in the apparatus 1600, and therefore, for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

When the apparatus 1600 is a roadside unit RSU, the program instruction codes stored in the memory 1602 are specifically used to implement functions such as the RSU in the embodiments of fig. 4A, 4B, 4D, 4E, fig. 5, 6A, 6B, or any of the embodiments of fig. 11-13 described above.

receiving, by the receiver 1604, user plane data to be broadcast from a user plane function UPF;

the user plane data to be broadcasted is sent by transmitter 1603 in a PC5 interface broadcasting manner.

It should be noted that, through the detailed description of the second terminal in fig. 4A, fig. 4B, fig. 4D, fig. 4E, the RSU in fig. 5, fig. 6A, fig. 6B, or the RSU in any embodiment in fig. 11 to fig. 13, a person skilled in the art can clearly know an implementation method of each hardware included in the apparatus 1600, and therefore, for the brevity of the description, the detailed description is not repeated here.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a system, including: UPF and SMF; the UPF may be used to implement the functionality of the communications device 1000 in the embodiment of fig. 14 and the SMF may be used to implement the functionality of the communications device 1100 in the embodiment of fig. 15. Further, the system may further include a first terminal and a second terminal, where the first terminal may be configured to implement the functions of the terminal 1200 in the embodiment of fig. 16, and the first terminal may be configured to implement the functions of the terminal 1300 in the embodiment of fig. 17.

In the above embodiments, all or part may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer program instructions that when loaded and executed on a computer cause a process or function according to an embodiment of the application to be performed, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one network site, computer, server, or data center to another network site, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer and can be a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes, etc.), optical media (e.g., DVDs, etc.), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state drives), among others.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments have different emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method of communication, the method comprising:

a user plane function UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a first terminal;

and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to a second terminal through a special transmission channel.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the dedicated transport channel is a first protocol data unit, PDU, session;

the method further comprises the following steps:

and the UPF receives first session function indication information from a Session Management Function (SMF), wherein the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is the special transmission channel.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the user plane data to be broadcasted is carried in a data packet, and the data packet includes broadcast indication information, and the broadcast indication information is used for indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted;

the said UPF sends the said user's plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal station through the specialized transmission channel, including:

and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the broadcast indication information.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the broadcast indication information includes data type indication information, and the data type indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data carried in the data packet is user plane data to be broadcast.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the data packet is an unstructured data packet, and the data type indication information comprises a Layer 2 identifier Layer-2 ID.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal, comprising:

the UPF receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second PDU session;

the method further comprises the following steps: and the UPF receives second session function indication information, wherein the second session function indication information is used for indicating that the second PDU session is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel, comprising:

and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the second session function indication information.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2,

the UPF receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a first terminal, and comprises the following steps: the UPF receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the first terminal through a second PDU session;

the said UPF sends the said user's plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal station through the specialized transmission channel, including: and the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through the special transmission channel according to the corresponding relation between the second PDU session and the special transmission channel.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein before the UPF sends the user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal through a dedicated transmission channel, the method further comprises:

the UPF receives the corresponding relation from a Session Management Function (SMF); or,

and the UPF generates the corresponding relation according to second session function indication information, topological network information and the position information of the first terminal, wherein the second session function indication information is used for indicating the second PDU session to be used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted, and the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the generating, by the UPF, the correspondence according to the second session function indication information, the topological network information, and the location information of the first terminal comprises:

the UPF determines the second terminal from one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the position information of the first terminal;

and the UPF generates a corresponding relation between the special transmission channel corresponding to the second terminal and the second PDU session according to the second session function indication information.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the determining, by the UPF, the second terminal from the one or more terminals included in the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information according to the topological network information and the location information of the first terminal includes:

the UPF acquires a preset transmission range of the user plane data to be broadcasted;

the UPF determines one or more terminals in the preset transmission range according to the topological network information;

and the UPF takes a terminal with a corresponding special transmission channel in one or more terminals in the preset transmission range as the second terminal.

12. A method of communication, the method comprising:

receiving, by a session management function SMF, a first protocol data unit PDU session establishment request from a second terminal, where the first PDU session establishment request is used to request establishment of a first PDU session for the second terminal, where the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used to indicate that the first PDU session is a dedicated transmission channel; the special transmission channel is used for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted to the second terminal by the user plane function UPF;

and the SMF establishes the first PDU session for the second terminal according to the first PDU session establishment request.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

and the SMF sends the first session function indication information to the UPF.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the method further comprises:

the SMF receives second session function indication information from a first terminal, wherein the second session function indication information is used for indicating a second PDU session for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted, and the second PDU session is used for the first terminal to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF.

15. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the method further comprises:

the SMF receives a second PDU session establishment request from the first terminal; the second PDU session establishment request is used to request to establish a second PDU session for the first terminal, where the second PDU session establishment request carries second session function indication information, and the second session function indication information is used to indicate that the second PDU session is used to transmit user plane data to be broadcasted;

and the SMF establishes the second PDU session for the first terminal according to the second PDU session establishment request.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the method further comprises:

the SMF generates a corresponding relation between the first PDU session and the second PDU session according to the second session function indication information, the position information of the first terminal and the topology network information; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal;

and the SMF sends the corresponding relation to the UPF.

17. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and the SMF sends the second session function indication information to the UPF.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

the SMF acquires the position information of the first terminal;

and the SMF sends the position information of the first terminal to the UPF.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

the SMF sends topology network information to the UPF; the topological network structure indicated by the topological network information comprises the second terminal.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein before the SMF sends the topological network information to the UPF, the method further comprises:

the SMF receives the topological network information from an access and mobility management function (AMF); or,

and the SMF generates the topological network information according to the position information of the second terminal.

21. The method according to claim 16 or 19 or 20, wherein the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the SMF service range; or the topological network indicated by the topological network information is a topological network within the service range of the UPF.

22. A method of communication, the method comprising:

a first terminal determines user plane data to be broadcasted;

and the first terminal sends information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcasted.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the information comprises broadcast indication information; the broadcast indication information is used for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcast;

the first terminal sends information for indicating to broadcast the user plane data to be broadcast, and the information comprises:

and the first terminal sends a data packet to a user plane function UPF, wherein the data packet comprises the user plane data to be broadcasted and the broadcast indication information.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the broadcast indication information comprises data type indication information, and the data type indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data carried in the data packet is user plane data to be broadcast.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the data packet is an unstructured data packet, and wherein the data type indication information comprises a Layer 2 identifier Layer-2 ID.

26. The method of claim 22, wherein the information comprises a second session function indication information indicating a second protocol data unit, PDU, session for transmitting user plane data to be broadcasted; and the second PDU session is used for the first terminal to send the user plane data to be broadcasted to the UPF.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the sending, by the first terminal, information indicating that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted comprises:

the first terminal sends a second PDU session establishment request to the SMF;

the second PDU session establishment request is used to request establishment of the second PDU session for the first terminal, and the second PDU session establishment request carries the second session function indication information.

28. A method of communication, the method comprising:

the second terminal receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a user plane function UPF;

and the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted by adopting a near communication 5PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the second terminal receives user plane data to be broadcast from a UPF, comprising:

and the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF through a special transmission channel.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcast from the UPF, the method further comprises:

and the second terminal sends first session function indication information to a Session Management Function (SMF), wherein the first session function indication information is used for indicating that a first Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session is a special transmission channel, and the first PDU session is used for the second terminal to receive the user plane data to be broadcasted from the UPF.

31. The method of claim 29, wherein before the second terminal receives the user plane data to be broadcast from the UPF, the method further comprises:

the second terminal sends a first PDU session establishment request to the SMF; the first PDU session establishment request is used for requesting to establish a first PDU session for the second terminal, the first PDU session establishment request carries first session function indication information, and the first session function indication information is used for indicating that the first PDU session is the special transmission channel.

32. The method according to any of claims 28-31, wherein before the second terminal receives user plane data to be broadcasted from a UPF, the method further comprises:

and the second terminal sends the position information of the second terminal to an access and mobility management function (AMF).

33. The method of any one of claims 28-31,

and the second terminal sends a registration request to the AMF, wherein the registration request carries the position information of the second terminal.

34. The method of claim 28, wherein the user plane data to be broadcasted is carried in a data packet, and wherein the data packet includes broadcast indication information, and wherein the broadcast indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data to be broadcasted is broadcasted.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the broadcast indication information comprises data type indication information, and the data type indication information is used to indicate that the user plane data carried in the data packet is user plane data to be broadcast.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the data packet is an unstructured data packet, and wherein the data type indication information comprises a Layer 2 identifier Layer-2 ID.

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein before the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted in a PC5 interface broadcasting manner, the method further comprises:

the second terminal performs data encapsulation of a PC5 interface on the user plane data to be broadcasted to obtain an encapsulated data packet; the encapsulated data packet comprises a source Layer-2ID, a destination Layer-2ID and the user plane data to be broadcasted, wherein the source Layer-2ID is a randomly distributed ID, and the destination Layer-2ID is the Layer-2ID in the unstructured data packet;

the second terminal sends the user plane data to be broadcasted by adopting a PC5 interface broadcasting mode, including:

and the second terminal sends the encapsulated data packet in a PC5 interface broadcasting mode.

38. A communication device, characterized in that the communication device comprises: a memory and a processor coupled to the memory;

the memory is to store program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the memory-stored program instructions to perform the method of any of claims 1-11.

39. A communication device, characterized in that the communication device comprises: a memory and a processor coupled to the memory;

the memory is to store program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions stored by the memory to perform the method of any of claims 12-21.

40. A communication device, characterized in that the communication device comprises: a memory and a processor coupled to the memory;

the memory is to store program instructions;

the processor is configured to invoke the memory-stored program instructions to perform the method of any of claims 28-37.