CN112312096B - Pixel circuit, sensor, and image generation method - Google Patents
Pixel circuit, sensor, and image generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112312096B CN112312096B CN202011178918.7A CN202011178918A CN112312096B CN 112312096 B CN112312096 B CN 112312096B CN 202011178918 A CN202011178918 A CN 202011178918A CN 112312096 B CN112312096 B CN 112312096B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
- H04N23/84—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/57—Control of the dynamic range
- H04N25/58—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
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Abstract
The application discloses a pixel circuit, a sensor and an image generation method, relates to the technical field of image processing, and solves the technical problems that multiple exposure causes image edge dislocation, image distortion and the like in the prior art, and further influences the image display effect. The pixel circuit includes: the photoelectric conversion module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a capacitor module and a reset switch, wherein a first end of the photoelectric conversion module is grounded, and a second end of the photoelectric conversion module is connected with a first end of the reset switch; the capacitor module comprises a first capacitor, a first end of the first capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the reset switch; wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element connected in parallel. The pixel circuit, the sensor and the image generation method are used for improving the display effect of an image.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of image processing, and particularly relates to a pixel circuit, a sensor and an image generation method.
Background
Currently, more and more users choose to take pictures by using terminals such as mobile phones.
In order to obtain an ideal photo image, in the prior art, multiple exposures are often performed during photographing to obtain multiple images with different exposure degrees, and then the multiple obtained images with different exposure degrees are subjected to image fusion to obtain a final imaging photo.
In the process of implementing the present application, the applicant finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: multiple exposures can cause problems of image edge dislocation, image distortion and the like, and further affect the image display effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a pixel circuit, a sensor and an image generation method, which at least solve the problems of image edge dislocation, image distortion and the like caused by multiple exposure, and further influence on image display effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application is implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pixel circuit, including: a photoelectric conversion module, a capacitance module and a reset switch,
the first end of the photoelectric conversion module is grounded, and the second end of the photoelectric conversion module is connected with the first end of the reset switch;
the capacitor module comprises a first capacitor, a first end of the first capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the reset switch;
wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element connected in parallel; a first end of the first photoelectric conversion element is grounded, and a second end of the first photoelectric conversion element is connected with the first end of the reset switch; a first end of the second photoelectric conversion element is grounded, and a second end of the second photoelectric conversion element is connected to the first end of the reset switch.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sensor, including a color filter array and any one of the pixel circuits provided by the present application, where the color filter array includes a plurality of color filter units, each color filter unit includes a first light-transmitting element, a position of the first light-transmitting element corresponds to a position of the first photoelectric conversion element or corresponds to a position of the second photoelectric conversion element, and the first light-transmitting element is a red light-transmitting element, a green light-transmitting element, or a blue light-transmitting element.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an image generation method, which is applied to any one of the sensors provided in the present application, and the method includes:
acquiring a first voltage value of the first photoelectric conversion element after light sensing;
acquiring a second voltage value of the second photoelectric conversion element after the second photoelectric conversion element is subjected to light sensing;
generating a plurality of pictures with different exposure proportions on the basis of the first voltage value and the second voltage value;
generating a target image based on the generated plurality of pictures.
In the embodiment of the application, one photoelectric conversion element connected in parallel is added in the pixel circuit, so that a plurality of exposure images can be obtained based on two photoelectric conversion elements in one exposure, and when the plurality of exposure images are fused, the problems of image edge dislocation, image distortion and the like caused by multiple exposures can be effectively reduced, and the image display effect can be improved.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another pixel circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another pixel circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sensor provided herein;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a color filter array provided herein;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another color filter array provided herein;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to the present application.
Reference numerals:
10-a pixel circuit; 101-a photoelectric conversion module; 102-a capacitive module; 103-a reset switch; 1011-a first photoelectric conversion element; 1012 — second photoelectric conversion element; 1021 — a first capacitance; 1022 — a second capacitor; 1023-a third capacitor; 1013 — a first photoelectric conversion control switch; 1014-second photoelectric conversion control switch; 104-an output module; 1041 — source follower; 1042-column select signal switch; 1024 — a first capacitance control switch; 1025-second capacitance control switch; 20-a color filter unit; 30-a color filter array; 201-a first light transmissive element; 202-a second light transmissive element; 40, a camera module; 401-protective film; 402-lens; 403-voice coil motor; 404 — a support member; 405-an infrared filter; 406 — a sensor; 407-soft board; 408-connecting part.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The features of the terms first and second in the description and in the claims of the present application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of connected objects, a character "/" generally means that a preceding and succeeding related objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The embodiment of the present application provides a pixel circuit 10, as shown in fig. 1, including: the photoelectric conversion module 101, the capacitor module 102 and the reset switch 103, wherein a first end of the photoelectric conversion module 101 is grounded, and a second end of the photoelectric conversion module 101 is connected with a first end of the reset switch 103; the capacitor module 102 includes a first capacitor 1021, a first end of the first capacitor 1021 is grounded, and a second end of the first capacitor 1021 is connected to the first end of the reset switch 103; the photoelectric conversion module 101 includes a first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and a second photoelectric conversion element 1012 connected in parallel; a first end of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 is grounded, and a second end of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 is connected with the first end of the reset switch 103; a first terminal of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is grounded, and a second terminal of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is connected to the first terminal of the reset switch 103.
Here, the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 are devices that convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and for example, the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 may be photodiodes. There may be a plurality of arrangements of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012, for example, the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is provided between adjacent first photoelectric conversion elements 1011; alternatively, the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 may be a ring shape, and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 may be embedded in the first photoelectric conversion element 1011, as shown in fig. 2. It is to be understood that the arrangement of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is not limited, and may be adjusted according to the layout, space, and the like of the terminal.
In order to control the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 to read voltages corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light, in one embodiment, the photoelectric conversion module 101 in the pixel circuit provided by the present application further includes at least one of a first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 and a second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014; in the case where the photoelectric conversion module 101 includes the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013, a first end of the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 is connected to a second end of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011, and a second end of the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 is connected to a first end of the reset switch 103; in the case where the photoelectric conversion module 101 includes the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014, a first terminal of the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 is connected to a second terminal of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012, and a second terminal of the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 is connected to a first terminal of the reset switch 103. Preferably, in order to control the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 to read voltages corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light, the photoelectric conversion module 101 includes a first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 and a second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014, as shown in fig. 3; a first end of the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 is connected to a second end of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011, and a second end of the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 is connected to a first end of the reset switch 103; a first terminal of the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 is connected to the second terminal of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012, and a second terminal of the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 is connected to the first terminal of the reset switch 103.
The first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 and the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 may be MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect transistors), a first end of each MOSFET is a source, a second end of each MOSFET is a drain, a gate of each MOSFET is connected to a timing control module (not shown in the figure), and the timing control module is configured to control a sequence of turning on and off the switches in the pixel circuit.
Further, in order to output voltages corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being subjected to light sensing, the pixel circuit provided by the present application may further include an output module 104, as shown in fig. 3, a first end of the output module 104 is grounded, and a second end of the output module 104 is connected to the first end of the reset switch 103. The output module 104 may further include a source follower 1041 and a column selection signal switch 1042, a first end of the source follower 1041 is connected to the first end of the reset switch 103, a second end of the source follower 1041 is connected to the first end of the column selection signal switch 1042, and a second end of the column selection signal switch 1042 is grounded.
The working principle of the pixel circuit provided by the application is as follows: under illumination, the photoelectric conversion element generates electrons inside to form electric charges, the electric charges are transferred to the capacitor to charge the capacitor to form voltage, the voltage of the capacitor is read, namely the voltage corresponding to the photoelectric conversion element after sensitization, and the corresponding exposure image of the photoelectric conversion element after sensitization can be obtained based on the voltage. The exposure degree of the exposure image and the magnitude of the voltage have a corresponding relationship, and generally, the larger the voltage is, the larger the exposure degree of the obtained exposure image phenomenon is, that is, the larger the light intensity collected by the photoelectric conversion element is.
Based on the above working principle, the working flow of the pixel circuit provided by the present application is as follows:
first, a voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light is read. When the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 is turned on, the charges generated by the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light are transferred to the first capacitor 1021, the source follower 1041 records the voltage U1 of the first capacitor 1021, and the column selection signal switch 1042 is turned on, outputting the voltage value through the Vout circuit. Based on the voltage, an exposure image corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after exposure is obtained.
Then, a voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after light sensing is read. When the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 is closed, the charges generated by the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light are transferred to the first capacitor 1021, the source follower 1041 records the voltage U2 of the first capacitor 1021, the column selection signal switch 1042 is closed, and the voltage value is output through the Vout circuit. And then, based on the voltage, an exposure image corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light is obtained.
It is to be understood that, the voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light is read first, and the voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light is read later, which is merely an example and does not limit the present application, and the voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light may be read first, and then the voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light may be read.
Therefore, according to the pixel circuit provided by the application, because the processes of charge transfer and voltage reading are instantaneous and almost do not need time, when exposure is carried out, an exposure image corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element after being exposed and an exposure image corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element after being exposed can be regarded as being obtained simultaneously, namely two exposure images can be obtained simultaneously through one exposure. In the related technology, two exposure images are obtained by controlling a photoelectric conversion element to carry out light sensing twice in sequence; then the duration of time during which the photoelectric conversion element is subjected to the second light sensing is at least spaced between the exposure image corresponding to the photoelectric conversion element after the first light sensing is obtained and the exposure image corresponding to the photoelectric conversion element after the second light sensing is obtained. That is, there is a time interval between the acquisition of the two exposure images, and if the captured scene changes within the time interval due to the time interval, for example, if there is a fast moving object in the captured scene, then when the two exposure images are merged, image distortion such as the two images being difficult to align and the moving object appearing as a smear may occur. The pixel circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can acquire two exposure images simultaneously, namely, the two exposure images are acquired without time intervals, and the shooting scene at the same moment is not changed, so that when the two exposure images are fused, the conditions of image distortion such as difficulty in alignment, smear of a moving object and the like can be effectively reduced, the image quality is greatly improved, and the image display effect can be improved.
Since the photoelectric conversion element in the pixel circuit may be exposed to the light frequently, for example, a lens cover is not disposed on a lens in a camera module of a mobile phone, the photoelectric conversion element in the pixel circuit in the image sensor is exposed to the light at all times, and then charges are generated inside the photoelectric conversion element. It can be understood that if the residual charge is not cleared, and the residual charge and the charge generated by the light sensing of the photoelectric conversion element during the current shooting are transferred to the capacitor, the obtained voltage is excessively large, and the obtained image is deviated from the image of the actual shooting scene. For example, the photoelectric conversion element senses a certain sampling point in a shooting scene, if the residual charge is not cleared, the residual charge and the charge generated by the photoelectric conversion element sensing the light during the current shooting are transferred to the capacitor together, then the position of the sampling point of the obtained picture has a higher exposure degree, that is, a higher brightness, than the position of the sampling point of the actual shooting scene, and the picture is distorted. Therefore, in one embodiment, the present application provides a pixel circuit 10 in which the second terminal of the reset switch 103 is connected to the first power supply voltage VDD1, as shown in fig. 3, so that the first power supply voltage VDD1 is applied to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 for clearing the charges remaining in the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012. The specific process is as follows: when the reset switch 103, the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013, and the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 are closed, the first power supply voltage VDD1 is applied to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012, and the electric charges remaining in the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 are cleared. Then, the reset switch 103, the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013, and the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 are turned off, and the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 start to simultaneously sense light to generate electric charges.
In addition, in the process of capturing an image before the current capturing, the first capacitor 1021 may have residual charges, and for a reason similar to the reason that the charges remaining in the photoelectric conversion elements do not distort the captured image, it is necessary to clear the charges remaining in the first capacitor 1021 after clearing the electrons remaining in the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012. The specific process is as follows: the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 and the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 are kept off, the reset switch 103 is closed, the power supply voltage VDD1 is applied to the first capacitor 1021, and the charge remaining in the first capacitor 1021 is cleared. After the charge remaining in the first capacitor 1021 is cleared, the above-described process of reading the voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light and the process of reading the voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light are performed.
In practical applications, the sizes of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 may be the same or different according to different requirements, and the size may be the size of the photosensitive area of the photoelectric conversion element.
In one embodiment, the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 have the same size. When the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 have the same size, the number of electrons generated by the two elements in the same time period is the same, the formed electric charges are the same, and the voltage read by the first capacitor 1021 is also the same. And the magnitude of the voltage value is related to the exposure degree of the image, then in this embodiment, two images with the same exposure degree can be obtained, and multi-frame noise reduction can be performed based on the two images. Moreover, because the two images with the same exposure degree are obtained simultaneously, when multi-frame noise reduction is carried out on the two images, the problems of image distortion such as edge dislocation, smear and the like can be effectively reduced, and the quality of the image obtained after multi-frame noise reduction is greatly improved.
In another embodiment, the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 are not the same size. When the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 have different sizes, the number of electrons generated by the two elements in the same time period is different, the formed charges are different, and the voltages read by the first capacitor 1021 are different. And the magnitude of the voltage value is related to the exposure level of the image, then in this embodiment two images with different exposure levels can be obtained, based on which HDR fusion can be performed. Moreover, because the two images with different exposure degrees are obtained simultaneously, when HDR fusion is carried out based on the two images, the problems of image distortion such as edge dislocation, smear and the like can be effectively reduced, and the quality of the image obtained after HDR fusion is greatly improved.
The size ratio of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 corresponds to the exposure degree ratio of two images having different exposure degrees. The larger the size of the photoelectric conversion element is, the more electric charges are generated in a unit time under an illumination condition, the larger the voltage corresponding to the photoelectric conversion element after being exposed to light is, and the higher the exposure degree of an exposed image corresponding to the photoelectric conversion element after being exposed to light is. For example, the size ratio of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is 8:1, the capacitance of the first capacitor 1021 is 1, and it is known from the formula Q = C × V that the voltage is proportional to Q, and since the size ratio of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is 8:1, the ratio of the electric charge generated by the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 to the electric charge generated by the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 in the same light sensing time is 8:1, and further, the ratio of the voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light to the voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light is 8:1, that is, the ratio of the exposure degree of the exposure image corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light to the exposure degree of the exposure image corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light is 8:1.
therefore, the pixel circuit provided by the application can obtain two exposure images by arranging two photoelectric conversion elements and one capacitor. Based on this principle, it is also possible to increase the number of photoelectric conversion elements and/or the number of capacitances, so that more exposure images are obtained at the same time for one exposure. For example, three photoelectric conversion elements and one capacitor are provided to obtain three exposure images; it is further possible to size the three photoelectric conversion elements to accommodate multi-frame noise reduction and HDR, respectively.
In one embodiment, the capacitor module 102 in the pixel circuit 10 provided herein further includes a second capacitor 1022 connected in parallel with the first capacitor 1021, as shown in fig. 4; a first terminal of the second capacitor 1022 is grounded, and a second terminal of the second capacitor 1022 is connected to the first terminal of the reset switch 103. The capacitor module 102 further includes a first capacitor control switch 1024 connected in parallel to the first capacitor 1021, a first end of the first capacitor control switch 1024 is connected to a second end of the second capacitor 1022, and a second end of the first capacitor control switch 1024 is connected to a first end of the reset switch 103. The first capacitor control switch 1024 may be an MOSFET, and a gate of the MOSFET is connected to a timing control module, and the timing control module is configured to control a sequence of turning on and off switches in the pixel circuit.
In the embodiment of the present application, by adding the second capacitor 1022 in parallel with the first capacitor 1021, the working state of the first capacitor control switch 1024 is controlled to obtain more exposure images. The specific process is as follows: first, a voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light is read. Closing the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 and opening the first capacitor control switch 1024, and reading the voltage on the first capacitor 1021 to obtain a corresponding first exposure image after the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 is exposed to light; then, the first capacitor control switch 1024 is closed, and the voltages of the first capacitor 1021 and the second capacitor 1022 connected in parallel are read, so as to obtain a corresponding second exposed image after the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 is exposed to light. Then, a voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion unit 1012 after light sensing is read. Closing the second photoelectric conversion control switch 1014 (at this time, the first photoelectric conversion control switch 1013 is in an open state), opening the first capacitor control switch 1024, and reading the voltage on the first capacitor 1021 to obtain a corresponding first exposed image after the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is exposed to light; then, the first capacitor control switch 1024 is closed, and the voltages of the first capacitor 1021 and the second capacitor 1022 connected in parallel are read, so as to obtain a corresponding second exposed image after the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is exposed to light. It follows that by increasing the number of capacitors connected in parallel to the first capacitor 1021, more exposed images can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the capacitor module 102 in the pixel circuit 10 further includes a third capacitor 1023 connected in parallel with the first capacitor 1021 and the second capacitor 1022, as shown in fig. 5; a first terminal of the third capacitor 1023 is connected to ground, and a second terminal of the third capacitor 1023 is connected to a first terminal of the reset switch 103. The capacitor module 102 further includes a second capacitor control switch 1025 connected to the first capacitor 1021 and the second capacitor 1022 in parallel, respectively, wherein a first end of the second capacitor control switch 1025 is connected to a second end of the third capacitor 1023, and a second end of the second capacitor control switch 1025 is connected to a first end of the reset switch 103. The second capacitance control switch 1025 may be a MOSFET, and a gate of the MOSFET is connected to a timing control module, and the timing control module is configured to control a sequence of turning on and off each switch in the pixel circuit.
When the voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 after being exposed to light is read, different voltage values can be read by controlling the on and off of the first capacitor control switch 1024 and the second capacitor control switch 1025, and then images with different exposure degree proportions are obtained. For example, the capacitance ratio of the first capacitor 1021, the second capacitor 1022, and the third capacitor 1023 is a: b: c, when reading the voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 (assuming that the charge generated after the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 is exposed to light is X), the first capacitor control switch 1024 and the second capacitor control switch 1025 are both turned off, and then the voltage on the first capacitor 1021 can be read as X/a according to the formula Q = CV; then, the first capacitor control switch 1024 is closed, at this time, the first capacitor 1021 and the second capacitor 1022 are connected in parallel, and the parallel capacitor is a + b, then the voltage read that the first capacitor 1021 and the second capacitor 1022 are connected in parallel is X/(a + b); then, the first capacitor control switch 1024 is opened, the second capacitor control switch 1025 is closed, at this time, the first capacitor 1021 and the third capacitor 1023 are connected in parallel, the parallel capacitor is a + c, and the voltage obtained by connecting the first capacitor 1021 and the third capacitor 1023 in parallel is read as X/(a + c); then, the first capacitor control switch 1024 and the second capacitor control switch 1025 are both closed, at this time, the first capacitor 1021, the second capacitor 1022, and the third capacitor 1023 are connected in parallel, and the parallel capacitance is a + b + c, then the voltage read out that the parallel connection of the first capacitor 1021, the second capacitor 1022, and the third capacitor 1023 is X/(a + b + c), and further the exposure degree ratio is (X/a): [ X/(a + b) ]: [ X/(a + c) ]: four exposure images of [ X/(a + b + c) ]. Then, the corresponding voltage of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light is read in the same step, and assuming that the charge generated by the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 after being exposed to light is Y, the exposure degree ratio can be obtained as (Y/a): [ Y/(a + b) ]: [ Y/(a + c) ]: four exposure images of [ Y/(a + b + c) ]. Since the amount of charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit after being exposed to light is proportional to the size, 8 images having different exposure degrees can be obtained by setting the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 to have different sizes. For example, if the size of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 is larger than the size of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012, four images with a high degree of exposure can be obtained by the first photoelectric conversion element 1011, and four images with a low degree of exposure can be obtained by the second photoelectric conversion element 1012. Then, eight pictures with different exposure degrees from underexposure to overexposure can be finally obtained, so that the HDR image quality finally obtained by fusion is higher. Preferably, the size of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the size of the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 have a multiple relationship, so that the range of exposure ratios involved in the obtained multiple exposure pictures is wider, and details of bright and dark places in the finally fused HDR image can be clearer.
For example, the size ratio of the first photoelectric conversion element 1011 and the second photoelectric conversion element 1012 is 8:1, the capacitance ratio of the first capacitor 1021, the second capacitor 1022 and the third capacitor 1023 is 1:3:4. according to the above process, the exposure degree ratio is 320:80:64:40:40:10:8: 8 exposure images of 5. As can be seen, the exposure proportion range of 8 exposure pictures is wider, so that details of bright and dark parts in the finally fused HDR image can be clearer. During fusion, HDR fusion can be directly carried out on eight images, or the images with the same exposure degree proportion can be used for multi-frame noise reduction, for example, two images with the same exposure degree of 40 are used, then HDR fusion is carried out on the images obtained by multi-frame noise reduction and the rest exposed images, and because the multi-frame noise reduction is carried out firstly and then the HDR fusion is carried out, the photos with high signal-to-noise ratio and high dynamic range can be obtained finally.
In practical applications, only a grayscale image with details can be obtained based on the pixel circuit, and therefore, in order to enable the pixel circuit to acquire color information of a shooting scene, a color transparent element is generally covered on the pixel circuit to acquire the color information.
Based on this, the present application further provides a sensor, which includes a Color Filter Array (CFA) and the pixel circuit provided in the present application, where the CFA includes a plurality of Color Filter units (hereinafter, a Color Filter unit is taken as an example), and the Color Filter units include a first light-transmitting element, and a position of the first light-transmitting element corresponds to a position of the first photoelectric conversion element or corresponds to a position of the second photoelectric conversion element. For example, the first light-transmitting element is provided above the first photoelectric conversion element or above the second photoelectric conversion element. The first light-transmitting element can be a red light-transmitting element, a green light-transmitting element or a blue light-transmitting element.
In embodiments of the present application, reference to the orientation of the word "upper" between elements may indicate that light will pass through the upper element first, and reference to the orientation of the word "lower" between elements may indicate that light will pass through the lower element later. For example, the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element, which means that light from the outside will pass through the first light-transmitting element and then reach the first photoelectric conversion element. Similarly, the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element, which means that light from the outside will pass through the first light-transmitting element before reaching the second photoelectric conversion element.
In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of pixel circuits form a pixel circuit array, and the color filter units in the color filter array CFA correspond to the pixel circuits one to one. It will be appreciated that one pixel circuit is provided under each color filter unit. As shown in fig. 6, in the sensor, the color filter array 30 includes a plurality of color filter units 20, one pixel circuit 10 is disposed below each color filter unit 20, and the plurality of pixel circuits 10 constitute a pixel circuit array.
In one embodiment, the position of the first light-transmitting element corresponds to the position of the first photoelectric conversion element, the color filter unit further includes a second light-transmitting element, the position of the second light-transmitting element corresponds to the position of the second photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is a transparent filter. For example, the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element. Fig. 7 is a top view of the color filter array CFA in this embodiment. Each color filter unit 20 (indicated by a dashed box) includes a first light transmissive element 201 and a second light transmissive element 202, and each first light transmissive element 201 in the color filter array 30 is a red light transmissive element (indicated by R in the figure), a green light transmissive element (indicated by G in the figure), or a blue light transmissive element (indicated by B in the figure); the second light-transmitting element 202 is a transparent filter (denoted by W in the figure). In which a first light-transmitting element 201 is disposed above a first photoelectric conversion element in the pixel circuit 10 and a second light-transmitting element 202 is disposed above a second photoelectric conversion element in the pixel circuit 10.
The embodiment of the present application collects color information of a shooting scene by disposing a plurality of first light transmitting elements 201 (red light transmitting elements (denoted by R in the figure), green light transmitting elements (denoted by G in the figure), or blue light transmitting elements (denoted by B in the figure)) above first photoelectric conversion elements in a plurality of pixel circuits, respectively, and collects detail information of the shooting scene by disposing a plurality of second light transmitting elements 202 (transparent filters) above second photoelectric conversion elements in a plurality of pixel circuits, respectively.
Through setting up first printing opacity component in first photoelectric conversion component's top, can gather the colour information of shooing the scene, but because first printing opacity component can only pass through partial light, can not pass through full gloss (white light), for example red printing opacity component can only pass through red light, then correspondingly, the light information that first photoelectric conversion component acquireed just becomes few, leads to based on first photoelectric conversion component to obtain that the exposure image detail is unclear, and the resolution ratio is lower, then the image that final integration obtained will appear the lower condition of resolution ratio. Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides that the transparent filter is arranged above the second photoelectric conversion element, so that the problems of unclear image details and low resolution ratio obtained by final fusion can be solved. By arranging the transparent filter above the second photoelectric conversion element, white light can pass through the transparent filter, and although the second photoelectric conversion element cannot acquire color information, the second photoelectric conversion element can acquire more light information due to the fact that the second photoelectric conversion element irradiates with all light, and a gray-scale image with clear details and high resolution is obtained. That is, an exposure image having a color but a lower resolution can be obtained based on the first photoelectric conversion element, and a gradation image having a higher resolution but no color can be obtained based on the second photoelectric conversion element. Then, the exposure image obtained based on the first photoelectric conversion element and the exposure image obtained based on the second photoelectric conversion element are fused, and the two images can complement each other, so that the finally fused image has both color and higher resolution.
The embodiment of the present application does not limit the positional relationship between the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element, and the shapes of the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element, and the positional relationship, the size relationship, and the shapes of the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element in fig. 7 are only examples, so that the color filter distribution is convenient for the reader to see clearly. In practical applications, the position relationship, size relationship, and shape of the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element may be adaptively adjusted according to the position relationship, size relationship, and shape of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element, as long as the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element, the light transmitted through the first light-transmitting element can completely cover the photosensitive area of the first photoelectric conversion element, the second light-transmitting element is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element, and the light transmitted through the second light-transmitting element can completely cover the photosensitive area of the second photoelectric conversion element. In general, the larger the size of the photoelectric conversion element, the larger the size of the light-transmitting element disposed thereabove.
In the embodiment of the present application, the sizes of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element may be further adjusted to adapt to different shooting scenes. In one embodiment, the first photoelectric conversion element has a size larger than that of the second photoelectric conversion element.
According to the foregoing, an exposure image having a color but a lower resolution can be obtained based on the first photoelectric conversion element, and a gradation pattern having a higher resolution but no color can be obtained based on the second photoelectric conversion element. That is, the first photoelectric conversion element covered with the first light-transmitting element is mainly used for acquiring color information, and the second photoelectric conversion element covered with the second light-transmitting element is mainly used for acquiring detail information. Then, it is further defined that the size of the first photoelectric conversion element is larger than that of the second photoelectric conversion element, so that the color information acquired by the first photoelectric conversion element is more, and further, the color in the exposure image acquired based on the first photoelectric conversion element is richer and more accurate, so that the color display effect of the finally fused image can be further improved, and the method is suitable for shooting scenes with larger requirements on a color table, such as shooting scenes in the daytime.
In the above embodiment, the second light-transmitting element (transparent filter) is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element to transmit the white light, so that the second photoelectric conversion element senses the white light; for the same purpose, a light-transmitting element may not be provided above the second photoelectric conversion element, and the white light is directly irradiated on the second photoelectric conversion element. In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting element is located at a position corresponding to a position of the first photoelectric conversion element, and the color filter unit has a notch portion located at a position corresponding to a position of the second photoelectric conversion element. For example, the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element, and the notch portion is located above the second photoelectric conversion element, that is, the light-transmitting element is not disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element.
Then, similarly, an exposure image having a color but a lower resolution can be obtained based on the first photoelectric conversion element, and a gradation image having a higher resolution but no color can be obtained based on the second photoelectric conversion element. The size of the first photoelectric conversion element can be further limited to be larger than that of the second photoelectric conversion element, so that more color information can be acquired by the first photoelectric conversion element, and further, the color of the exposed image acquired based on the first photoelectric conversion element is richer and more accurate, the color display effect of the finally fused image can be further improved, and the method is suitable for shooting scenes with larger requirements on a color table.
When shooting in dark places (such as night scene shooting), the requirements on details are higher and the requirements on colors are not so high compared with shooting scenes in the daytime. The larger one of the two photoelectric conversion elements may be used to acquire the detail information and the smaller one may be used to acquire the color information. Thus, an exposed image with clear details and high resolution can be obtained based on the photoelectric conversion element with a large size. The method can improve the detail display effect of the finally fused image, and is suitable for shooting scenes with larger requirements on the detail table, such as shooting scenes in dark places. In one embodiment, the position of the first light-transmitting element corresponds to the position of the second photoelectric conversion element, and the color filter unit further includes a second light-transmitting element, the position of the second light-transmitting element corresponds to the position of the first photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is a transparent filter, for example, the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element, as shown in fig. 8; wherein the size of the first photoelectric conversion element is larger than the size of the second photoelectric conversion element.
It is understood that the position relationship, size relationship and shape of the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element in fig. 8 are only examples, which is convenient for the reader to see the color filter distribution. In practical applications, the position relationship, size relationship, and shape of the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element may be adaptively adjusted according to the position relationship, size relationship, and shape of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element, as long as the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element, the light transmitted through the first light-transmitting element can completely cover the photosensitive area of the second photoelectric conversion element, the second light-transmitting element is disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element, and the light transmitted through the second light-transmitting element can completely cover the photosensitive area of the first photoelectric conversion element. In general, the larger the size of the photoelectric conversion element, the larger the size of the light-transmitting element disposed thereabove.
A second light-transmitting element (transparent filter) is arranged above the first photoelectric conversion element to transmit white light, so that the first photoelectric conversion element senses the white light; for the same purpose, a light-transmitting member may not be provided above the first photoelectric conversion element, and the white light is directly irradiated on the first photoelectric conversion element. In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting element is located at a position corresponding to a position of the second photoelectric conversion element, and the color filter unit has a notch portion located at a position corresponding to a position of the first photoelectric conversion element. For example, the first light-transmitting element is disposed above the second photoelectric conversion element, and the notch portion is located above the first photoelectric conversion element, that is, the light-transmitting element is not disposed above the first photoelectric conversion element.
In addition, in the embodiment, since the color filter unit is disposed above the pixel circuit, the light sensing capability of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element in the pixel circuit is changed correspondingly compared with the case that the color filter unit is not disposed. Specifically, it is assumed that the size ratio of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element is 8:1, the capacitance ratio of the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor is 1:3:4; when no color filter unit is provided on the pixel circuit (in this case, the size ratio of the first photoelectric conversion element to the second photoelectric conversion element is the ratio of the light-sensing capacities of the two, namely 8:1), the exposure degree ratio is 320:80:64:40:40:10:8: 8 exposure images of 5 (see above for related matter). When the pixel circuit is provided with the color filter unit, and the first light-transmitting element (red light-transmitting element, green light-transmitting element or blue light-transmitting element) is arranged on the first photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is arranged above the second photoelectric conversion element, because the first photoelectric conversion element acquires red light, green light or blue light information, the second photoelectric conversion element acquires white light information, then the white light intensity sensed by the second photoelectric conversion element is twice the intensity of the red light, green light or blue light sensed by the second photoelectric conversion element, then at this moment, the ratio of the light-sensing capacities of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element is 8:2, so that the exposure degree ratio of 320:80:64:40:80:20:16:10 exposure images of 8 sheets. When the pixel circuit is provided with the color filter unit, the second light-transmitting element is arranged above the first photoelectric conversion unit, and the first light-transmitting element (the red light-transmitting element, the green light-transmitting element or the blue light-transmitting element) is arranged above the second photoelectric conversion element, because the second photoelectric conversion element acquires red light, green light or blue light information, the first photoelectric conversion element acquires white light information, then the white light intensity sensed by the first photoelectric conversion element is twice the red light, green light or blue light intensity sensed by the second photoelectric conversion element, then at this moment, the ratio of the light-sensing capacities of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element is 16:1, so that an exposure degree ratio of 640:160:128:80:40:10:8: 8 exposure images of 5. According to the exposure degree proportion, the second light-transmitting element is arranged above the first photoelectric conversion unit, and compared with other schemes, the scheme that the first light-transmitting element (the red light-transmitting element, the green light-transmitting element or the blue light-transmitting element) is arranged above the second photoelectric conversion unit can obtain a picture with the exposure proportion of 640, so that the photographic capability is stronger, the shooting scene details can be obtained more easily, and the photographic ratio is matched with the purpose of being more suitable for shooting at night.
Based on the sensor provided by the embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a method for generating an image by using the sensor provided by the present application, where the method includes:
acquiring a first voltage value of the first photoelectric conversion element after light sensing;
acquiring a second voltage value of the second photoelectric conversion element after light sensing;
generating a plurality of pictures with different exposure proportions on the basis of the first voltage value and the second voltage value;
generating a target image based on the generated plurality of pictures.
Specifically, first, a voltage corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element after being sensed is read. When the first photoelectric conversion control switch is closed, the charges generated after the first photoelectric conversion element is photosensitive are transferred to the first capacitor, the source follower records the voltage U1 of the first capacitor, the column selection signal switch is closed, and the voltage value U1, namely the first voltage value after the first photoelectric conversion element is photosensitive, is output through the Vout circuit. And then the corresponding exposure image of the first photoelectric conversion element after light sensing is obtained based on the voltage.
And then, reading the voltage corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element after the second photoelectric conversion element is subjected to light sensing. When the second photoelectric conversion control switch is closed, the charges generated after the second photoelectric conversion element is photosensitive are transferred to the first capacitor, the source follower records the voltage U2 of the first capacitor, the column selection signal switch is closed, and the voltage value U2, namely the second voltage value after the second photoelectric conversion element is photosensitive, is output through the Vout circuit. And then obtaining the corresponding exposure image of the second photoelectric conversion element after the second photoelectric conversion element is sensitive based on the voltage.
And finally, fusing the obtained multiple exposure images to obtain a target image.
Before acquiring the first voltage value after the first photoelectric conversion element is exposed to light, the method further comprises the following steps:
clearing the charges remaining in the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element;
and emptying the charge of each capacitor in the capacitor module.
Specifically, the first photoelectric conversion control switch and the second photoelectric conversion control switch are kept to be disconnected, the reset switch is closed, the power supply voltage is loaded on the first capacitor, and the residual charges on the first capacitor are emptied.
In addition, the present application also provides a camera module 40 including the sensor, as shown in fig. 9, the camera module 40 includes a protective film 401, a Lens (Lens) 402, a Voice Coil Motor (Voice Coil Motor) 403, a support member 404, an infrared Filter (IR Filter) 405, the sensor 406 provided in the present application, a Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) 407, and a connection member 408.
The Lens (Lens) is used for condensing and focusing, the Lens is wrapped and fixed by the voice coil motor, and the upper end and the lower end of the voice coil motor are connected with the elastic sheet. When focusing is carried out, the motor generates electromagnetic force through electrification, the force is finally kept in balance with the elastic force of the elastic sheet, the position of the motor can be controlled through the electrification size, and then the lens is pushed to a focusing position through the motor. The infrared filter is used for filtering unnecessary light projected to the sensor, the light passing through the infrared filter can be sensed by the sensor, and the sensor is prevented from generating false color/ripple so as to improve the resolution and color reducibility of the sensor.
The voice coil motor comprises an upper cover, an upper spring piece, a lower spring piece, a shell, a coil, a magnet, a moving part, a base and a terminal. Wherein, the upper cover plays a role of protecting the motor; the upper spring leaf generates acting force on the motor when being deformed, and the sum of the upper spring leaf and the lower spring leaf balances the electromagnetic force; the shell is a main frame of the motor fixing part, has a magnetic conduction function and can improve the effective utilization rate of the magnets; when the coil is electrified, the upward thrust is generated under the action of the magnetic field of the magnet, and other parts of the moving part are driven to move together; the magnet generates a magnetic field, so that the electrified coil generates electromagnetic force under the action of the magnetic field, and the moving component carrier drives the lens to move together; when the lower spring piece deforms, acting force is generated on the motor, and the electromagnetic force is balanced by the sum of the lower spring piece and the upper spring piece; the base and the motor are directly assembled with the soft board; the mobile phone supplies power to the motor through the terminal.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A pixel circuit, comprising: a photoelectric conversion module, a capacitance module and a reset switch,
the first end of the photoelectric conversion module is grounded, and the second end of the photoelectric conversion module is connected with the first end of the reset switch;
the capacitor module comprises a first capacitor, a first end of the first capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the reset switch;
wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element connected in parallel; a first end of the first photoelectric conversion element is grounded, and a second end of the first photoelectric conversion element is connected with the first end of the reset switch; a first end of the second photoelectric conversion element is grounded, and a second end of the second photoelectric conversion element is connected with the first end of the reset switch;
the photoelectric conversion module further comprises at least one of a first photoelectric conversion control switch and a second photoelectric conversion control switch; when the photoelectric conversion module comprises a first photoelectric conversion control switch, a first end of the first photoelectric conversion control switch is connected with the second end of the first photoelectric conversion element, and a second end of the first photoelectric conversion control switch is connected with the first end of the reset switch; when the photoelectric conversion module includes a second photoelectric conversion control switch, a first end of the second photoelectric conversion control switch is connected to the second end of the second photoelectric conversion element, and a second end of the second photoelectric conversion control switch is connected to the first end of the reset switch;
the capacitance module further comprises a second capacitor connected in parallel with the first capacitor; a first end of the second capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected with the first end of the reset switch; the capacitor module further comprises a first capacitor control switch connected with the first capacitor in parallel, the first end of the first capacitor control switch is connected with the second end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the first capacitor control switch is connected with the first end of the reset switch.
2. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion module includes a first photoelectric conversion control switch and a second photoelectric conversion control switch; the first photoelectric conversion control switch and the second photoelectric conversion control switch are metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, and the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element are photodiodes.
3. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor module further comprises a third capacitor connected in parallel with the first capacitor and the second capacitor, a first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to ground, and a second terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the reset switch.
4. The pixel circuit according to claim 3, wherein the capacitor module further comprises a second capacitor control switch connected in parallel with the first capacitor and the second capacitor, respectively, a first end of the second capacitor control switch is connected to a second end of the third capacitor, and a second end of the second capacitor control switch is connected to the first end of the reset switch.
5. A sensor comprising a color filter array and the pixel circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the color filter array comprises a plurality of color filter units, the color filter units comprise a first light-transmitting element, the position of the first light-transmitting element corresponds to the position of the first photoelectric conversion element or corresponds to the position of the second photoelectric conversion element, and the first light-transmitting element is a red light-transmitting element, a green light-transmitting element, or a blue light-transmitting element.
6. The sensor according to claim 5, wherein the first light-transmitting element is located at a position corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element, the color filter unit further includes a second light-transmitting element located at a position corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is a transparent filter.
7. The sensor according to claim 5, wherein a position of the first light transmitting element corresponds to a position of the first photoelectric conversion element, and the color filter unit has a notched portion corresponding to a position of the second photoelectric conversion element.
8. The sensor according to claim 5, wherein the first light-transmitting element is located at a position corresponding to a position of the second photoelectric conversion element, the color filter unit further includes a second light-transmitting element located at a position corresponding to a position of the first photoelectric conversion element, and the second light-transmitting element is a transparent filter.
9. The sensor according to claim 5, wherein the first light transmitting element is located to correspond to the second photoelectric conversion element, and the color filter unit has a notch portion located to correspond to the first photoelectric conversion element.
10. The sensor according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the size of the first photoelectric conversion element is larger than the size of the second photoelectric conversion element.
11. An image generation method applied to the sensor according to any one of claims 5 to 10, the method comprising:
acquiring a first voltage value of the first photoelectric conversion element after light sensing;
acquiring a second voltage value of the second photoelectric conversion element after light sensing;
generating a plurality of pictures with different exposure proportions on the basis of the first voltage value and the second voltage value;
generating a target image based on the generated plurality of pictures.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein before acquiring the first voltage value after the first photoelectric conversion element is sensitized, the method further comprises:
clearing the charges remaining in the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element;
and emptying the charge of each capacitor in the capacitor module.
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