CN112311465A - Microwave transceiving front-end circuit - Google Patents
Microwave transceiving front-end circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112311465A CN112311465A CN202011190696.0A CN202011190696A CN112311465A CN 112311465 A CN112311465 A CN 112311465A CN 202011190696 A CN202011190696 A CN 202011190696A CN 112311465 A CN112311465 A CN 112311465A
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- coupler
- power amplifier
- circuit
- microwave
- amplifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/40—Transceivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/44—Transmit/receive switching
Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave transceiving front-end circuit, which relates to the technical field of microwave transceiving front-end circuits and comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a low noise amplifier, a first microstrip, a first ground switch, a second microstrip, a second ground switch and a load resistor. The invention also discloses a microwave transceiving front-end circuit, which comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier and a load resistor. The invention can reduce the circuit loss, improve the circuit performance, reduce the occupied area of the circuit and reduce the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave transceiving front-end circuits, in particular to a microwave transceiving front-end circuit.
Background
The microwave transceiving front-end circuit is a part of a radar phased array assembly and a wireless communication system which is followed by an antenna and is used for receiving and transmitting wireless signals, and generally comprises a last-stage power amplifier of a transmitter, a first-stage low-noise amplifier of a receiver and a transmitting/receiving switch so as to support Time Division Duplex (TDD). In general, a system requires a microwave transceiver front-end circuit to have high linearity and high output power in a transmitting mode and low noise figure in a receiving mode, and requires not only a wide frequency band, low insertion loss and high isolation, but also a small size to achieve high integration and low cost.
The circuit of the existing microwave transceiving front-end chip is shown in fig. 1, and generally includes a low-noise amplifier of a receiving path, a high-power amplifier of a transmitting path, and a high-power transceiving switch, and the transceiving switching is realized by using a customized high-power transceiving switch. The transceiver switch is required to have low loss and high power bearing capacity, and a transistor with a larger size is necessarily required, but the introduced parasitic parameters limit the frequency characteristics of the switch, and particularly the performance of the transceiver switch in a frequency band of millimeter wave and above is poor.
Meanwhile, with the increase of the array scale in the phased array component and the millimeter wave communication system, how to improve the structure of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, improve the transceiving efficiency, and improve the integration level of the chip becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a microwave transceiving front-end circuit, which adopts a coupler with transmission balanced power synthesis to realize the switching of a transceiving switch, can reduce the circuit loss, improve the circuit performance, reduce the occupied area of a circuit and reduce the cost.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the microwave transceiving front-end circuit comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, a first microstrip, a first ground switch, a second microstrip, a second ground switch and a load resistor, wherein the first coupler is connected with the first microstrip; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the isolation end of the first coupler is connected with the input end of the low-noise amplifier, the output end of the low-noise amplifier is used as the receiving output end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the coupling end of the first coupler is respectively connected with one end of a first microstrip and the output end of a first power amplifier, the other end of the first microstrip is connected with the input end of a first ground switch, the output end of the first ground switch is grounded, the through end of the first coupler is respectively connected with one end of a second microstrip and the output end of a second power amplifier, the other end of the second microstrip is connected with the input end of a second ground switch, the output end of the second ground switch is grounded, the control end of the first ground switch and the control end of the second ground switch are used as the transceiving control end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the input end of the first coupler is used as the common end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the input end of the first power amplifier is connected with the through end of the second coupler, the input end of the second power amplifier is connected with the coupling end of the second coupler, the isolation end of the second coupler is connected with one end of a load resistor, the other end of the load resistor is grounded, and the input end of the second coupler is used as the transmitting input end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit; the power supply terminal of the first power amplifier is connected to the power supply terminal of the second power amplifier.
As a further optimized scheme of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the power end of the first power amplifier is connected with the first power end VT of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, and the power end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the second power end VR of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit.
A microwave transceiving front-end circuit comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier and a load resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the isolation end of the first coupler is connected with the input end of the low noise amplifier, the output end of the low noise amplifier is used as the output end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the coupling end of the first coupler is connected with the output end of the first power amplifier, the through end of the first coupler is connected with the output end of the second power amplifier, the control end of the first ground-to-ground switch, the control end of the second to-ground switch is used as a receiving and transmitting control end of the microwave receiving and transmitting front-end circuit, the input end of the first coupler is used as a common end of the microwave receiving and transmitting front-end circuit, the input end of the first power amplifier is connected with a direct-through end of the second coupler, the input end of the second power amplifier is connected with a coupling end of the second coupler, an isolation end of the second coupler is connected with one end of a load resistor, the other end of the load resistor is grounded, and the input end of the second coupler is used as a transmitting input end of the microwave receiving and transmitting front-end circuit; the power supply end of the first power amplifier is connected with the power supply end of the second power amplifier; when the receiving channel works, the coupling end and the through end of the first coupler are matched to an open circuit point.
As a further optimized scheme of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the power end of the first power amplifier is connected with the first power end VT of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, and the power end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the second power end VR of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
(1) the loss caused by the switching of receiving and transmitting of the transmitting channel is eliminated, the output power is the power synthesized by two paths, and the transmitting power, the transmitting linearity and the transmitting efficiency are improved;
(2) the loss introduced from the antenna end to the input end of the low-noise amplifier is much smaller than that of the existing power switch, so that the loss of a receiving channel caused by transceiving switching is reduced, and the deterioration of the receiving channel loss and noise caused by transceiving switching is reduced;
(3) the coupler is used for realizing receiving and transmitting switching, and a transmitting channel is relatively small in traction of an antenna end;
(4) an additional receiving and transmitting switch structure is not needed, the occupied area of the circuit is small, and the integration and miniaturization design are facilitated;
(5) generally, the microwave transceiving switch and the transceiving front-end circuit provided by the invention have the advantages that the transceiving switching does not reduce the transmitting state power, the receiving state loss is reduced, the area is small, the cost is low, the transmitting channel has better load traction resistance, and the microwave transceiving switch and the transceiving front-end circuit can be widely applied to a phased array system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional microwave transceiver front-end structure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of four ports of a lange bridge coupler in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3a is a schematic signal flow diagram of coupler 1 when the embodiment of the present invention is operating in the transmit state.
Fig. 3b is a schematic signal flow diagram of coupler 1 when the embodiment of the present invention is operating in the receiving state.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit structure diagram according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit structure diagram according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
in the present invention, the first coupler is the coupler 1, the second coupler is the coupler 2, the first power amplifier is the power amplifier 1, and the second power amplifier is the power amplifier 2. The invention discloses a microwave transceiving front-end circuit, wherein the public end of the transceiving front-end circuit is connected with the input end of a coupler 1, the isolation end of the coupler 1 is connected with the input end of a low-noise amplifier, the receiving output end of the transceiving front-end circuit is connected with the output end of the low-noise amplifier, the output ends of a power amplifier 1 and a power amplifier 2 are respectively connected with the coupling end and the straight-through end of the coupler 1, and the output ends of two optional power amplifiers are connected with a matching microstrip and a switch to the ground in parallel;
when the microwave transceiving front-end circuit works in a transmitting state, the power end of the low-noise amplifier is powered on, the transmitting output power of the transceiving front-end circuit is the power synthesized by the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2, no extra switching loss exists, and meanwhile, a balanced structure is adopted, so that the load traction resistance of the amplifier is improved;
when the microwave transceiving front-end circuit receiving channel works, the power supplies of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are not powered on, the selectable parallel matching microstrip and the switch to the ground are opened, the coupling end and the straight-through end of the coupler 1 are matched to an open circuit point, and a common end signal is coupled to the isolation end through the coupler 1 and reaches the input end of the low-noise amplifier.
When the microwave transceiving front-end circuit works in a receiving state, power supplies of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are not powered on, off-state standing waves of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are large, a coupling end and a straight-through end of the coupler 1 are closely matched to an open-circuit point, and an additional matching circuit is not needed at output ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2.
In the figure, R is a receiving output end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, VC is a transceiving control end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, COM is a common end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, and T is a transmitting input end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit; VT is the first power supply end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, VR is the second power supply end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the antenna end of the microwave transceiver front-end circuit is connected to the input end of the coupler 1, the isolation end of the coupler 1 is connected to the input end of the low noise amplifier, the receiving output end of the transceiver front-end circuit is connected to the output end of the low noise amplifier, and the output ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are respectively connected to the coupling end and the through end of the coupler 1. The transmitting input end of the transmitting-receiving front-end circuit is connected with the input end of a coupler 2, the input ends of a power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are respectively connected with a direct-through end and a coupling end of the coupler 2, and an isolation end of the coupler 2 is matched with 50 ohms to the ground. The receiving and transmitting control end controls the switch to the ground to be conducted, and the output ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are connected in parallel with the microstrip line.
In this embodiment, the coupler 1 and the coupler 2 are lange bridge couplers, and referring to fig. 2, there are four ports, which are respectively an input terminal 1, a through terminal 2, a coupling terminal 3, and an isolation terminal 4, when 50 ohms of the isolation terminal are matched with ground, a signal is input from the input terminal, the through terminal outputs a signal with a phase difference of-90 °, and the coupling terminal outputs an in-phase signal, and the amplitudes are the same. When the receiving and transmitting front-end circuit works in a transmitting state, a receiving low-noise amplifier power supply is powered on, the input end off-state standing wave is matched to 50 ohms, and the working state of the coupler 1 refers to fig. 3 a; when the coupler works in a receiving state, the power supplies of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are not powered on, the transceiving control end controls the switch to the ground to be conducted, the output ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are connected with the microstrip line in parallel, the coupling end and the straight-through end of the coupler 1 are matched with an open-circuit point, the working state of the coupler 1 refers to fig. 3b, and the coupler 2 does not work.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the antenna end of the microwave transceiver front-end circuit is connected to the input end of the coupler 1, the isolation end of the coupler 1 is connected to the input end of the low noise amplifier, the receiving output end of the transceiver front-end circuit is connected to the output end of the low noise amplifier, and the output ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are respectively connected to the coupling end and the through end of the coupler 1. The transmitting input end is connected with the input end of the coupler 2, the input ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are respectively connected with the through end and the coupling end of the coupler 2, and the isolating end of the coupler 2 is matched with 50 ohms to the ground.
When the receiving and transmitting front-end circuit works in a transmitting state, a power supply of a receiving low-noise amplifier is powered up, an off-state standing wave at the input end of the low-noise amplifier is matched to 50 ohms, and the working state of the coupler 1 refers to fig. 3 a; when the coupler operates in the receiving state, the power supplies of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are not powered, the standing waves at the input ends of the power amplifier 1 and the power amplifier 2 are approximately matched to the open point, namely, the coupling end and the through end of the coupler 1 are matched to the open point, the coupler 1 operates in the state of referring to fig. 3b, and the coupler 2 does not operate.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A microwave transceiving front-end circuit is characterized by comprising a first coupler, a second coupler, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, a first microstrip, a first switch to ground, a second microstrip, a second switch to ground and a load resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the isolation end of the first coupler is connected with the input end of the low-noise amplifier, the output end of the low-noise amplifier is used as the receiving output end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the coupling end of the first coupler is respectively connected with one end of a first microstrip and the output end of a first power amplifier, the other end of the first microstrip is connected with the input end of a first ground switch, the output end of the first ground switch is grounded, the through end of the first coupler is respectively connected with one end of a second microstrip and the output end of a second power amplifier, the other end of the second microstrip is connected with the input end of a second ground switch, the output end of the second ground switch is grounded, the control end of the first ground switch and the control end of the second ground switch are used as the transceiving control end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the input end of the first coupler is used as the common end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the input end of the first power amplifier is connected with the through end of the second coupler, the input end of the second power amplifier is connected with the coupling end of the second coupler, the isolation end of the second coupler is connected with one end of a load resistor, the other end of the load resistor is grounded, and the input end of the second coupler is used as the transmitting input end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit; the power supply terminal of the first power amplifier is connected to the power supply terminal of the second power amplifier.
2. The microwave transceiver front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein a power supply terminal of the first power amplifier is connected to a first power supply terminal VT of the microwave transceiver front-end circuit, and a power supply terminal of the low noise amplifier is connected to a second power supply terminal VR of the microwave transceiver front-end circuit.
3. A microwave transceiving front-end circuit is characterized by comprising a first coupler, a second coupler, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier and a load resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the isolation end of the first coupler is connected with the input end of the low noise amplifier, the output end of the low noise amplifier is used as the output end of the microwave transceiving front-end circuit, the coupling end of the first coupler is connected with the output end of the first power amplifier, the through end of the first coupler is connected with the output end of the second power amplifier, the control end of the first ground-to-ground switch, the control end of the second to-ground switch is used as a receiving and transmitting control end of the microwave receiving and transmitting front-end circuit, the input end of the first coupler is used as a common end of the microwave receiving and transmitting front-end circuit, the input end of the first power amplifier is connected with a direct-through end of the second coupler, the input end of the second power amplifier is connected with a coupling end of the second coupler, an isolation end of the second coupler is connected with one end of a load resistor, the other end of the load resistor is grounded, and the input end of the second coupler is used as a transmitting input end of the microwave receiving and transmitting front-end circuit; the power supply end of the first power amplifier is connected with the power supply end of the second power amplifier; when the receiving channel works, the coupling end and the through end of the first coupler are matched to an open circuit point.
4. A microwave transceiver front-end circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that the power supply terminal of the first power amplifier is connected to a first power supply terminal VT of the microwave transceiver front-end circuit, and the power supply terminal of the low noise amplifier is connected to a second power supply terminal VR of the microwave transceiver front-end circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011190696.0A CN112311465A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Microwave transceiving front-end circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011190696.0A CN112311465A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Microwave transceiving front-end circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112311465A true CN112311465A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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| CN202011190696.0A Pending CN112311465A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Microwave transceiving front-end circuit |
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- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011190696.0A patent/CN112311465A/en active Pending
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Address after: 211111 No.166, zhengfangzhong Road, Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nanjing Guobo Electronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: 211153 No.166, zhengfangzhong Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: NANJING GUOBO ELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20210401 Address after: 211111 No.166, zhengfangzhong Road, Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nanjing Guobo Electronics Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Nanjing guomicroelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: 211111 No.166, zhengfangzhong Road, Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Nanjing Guobo Electronics Co.,Ltd. |