CN112310936A - Overcurrent protection device - Google Patents
Overcurrent protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112310936A CN112310936A CN201910681187.9A CN201910681187A CN112310936A CN 112310936 A CN112310936 A CN 112310936A CN 201910681187 A CN201910681187 A CN 201910681187A CN 112310936 A CN112310936 A CN 112310936A
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- protection device
- overcurrent protection
- trip
- trip indicator
- temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
- G01K11/16—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of organic materials
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- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Abstract
An overcurrent protection device includes a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) polymer element, two electrodes, and a no power trip indicator. The PTC polymer element has two opposing surfaces. The two electrodes are respectively connected to the two opposite surfaces. The no power trip indicator is formed on at least one of the electrodes to sense a temperature of the over-current protection device. The over-current protection device can be immediately identified when in a tripping state, and the overall production cost and process can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an overcurrent protection device, and more particularly, to an overcurrent protection device including a no power trip indicator to sense a temperature thereof.
Background
A Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) element has a PTC effect, making it useful as a circuit protection device (e.g., a fuse).
Referring to fig. 1, a conventional circuit protection device includes a PTC polymer material 8 and two electrodes 9 respectively connected to opposite surfaces 81 of the PTC polymer material 8, the PTC polymer material 8 including a polymer base material including crystalline and amorphous regions, and a particulate conductive filler dispersed in the amorphous regions of the polymer base material and forming a continuous conductive path for electrically connecting the electrodes 9. The PTC effect refers to a phenomenon in which when the temperature of the crystalline region is raised to its melting point, crystals in the crystalline region start to melt, thereby generating a new amorphous region. When the new amorphous region increases to the point where it merges into the original amorphous region, the conductive path of the particulate conductive filler transitions to a non-continuous and the resistance of the PTC polymer material 8 increases dramatically, causing electrical non-conduction between the electrodes 9.
Taiwan patent TW 424929 describes an electronic fuse including a housing, a filler filled in the housing, conductive particles contained in the filler, two conductive sheets extending into the housing, and a Light Emitting Diode (LED) connected across the conductive sheets. The packing can expand to raise the reaction temperature. The conductive sheets are connected to the filler and spaced apart from each other at a proper interval. The light emitting diode is connected in parallel with the filler. When a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the filler expands due to the temperature rise, and the conductive particles are separated from each other. Therefore, current does not pass through the filler but through the led, causing the led to emit light.
However, the above-mentioned electronic fuse configuration increases complexity and manufacturing cost, and therefore, an overcurrent protection device that can be easily produced and meets industrial requirements is still under development.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an overcurrent protection device that overcomes at least one of the disadvantages of the background art discussed above.
The overcurrent protection device of the present invention comprises a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) polymer element, two electrodes, and a no-power-supply trip indicator. The PTC polymer element has two opposing surfaces. The two electrodes are respectively connected to the two opposite surfaces. The no power trip indicator is formed on at least one of the electrodes to sense a temperature of the over-current protection device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the over-current protection device is in a tripping state, the over-current protection device can be immediately identified, and the overall production cost and the process of the over-current protection device can be greatly reduced.
The present invention will be described in detail below:
in some embodiments of the invention, the no-power-off indicator is in direct contact with the at least one electrode.
Preferably, the no power trip indicator comprises a thermochromic material. More preferably, the overcurrent protection device has a trip surface temperature, the no power trip indicator has a color change temperature, and the trip surface temperature is equal to or higher than the color change temperature of the no power trip indicator. Still more preferably, the trip surface temperature of the overcurrent protection device is higher than 70 ℃.
Preferably, the color change temperature of the no power trip indicator is greater than 60 ℃. More preferably, the color change temperature of the no power trip indicator is greater than 60 ℃ and not greater than 200 ℃.
In some embodiments of the invention, the overcurrent protection device further includes a cover layer disposed between the no-power-source-trip indicator and the at least one electrode. Preferably, the unpowered trip indicator is in indirect contact with the at least one electrode through the cover layer. Optionally, the cover layer surrounds the PTC element and the electrodes and is made of a thermally conductive and electrically insulating material.
Preferably, the PTC polymer element includes a polymer matrix and a particulate conductive filler dispersed in the polymer matrix. More preferably, the particulate conductive filler is selected from carbon black powder, metal powder, conductive ceramic powder, or a combination thereof. Still more preferably, the particulate conductive filler is carbon black powder.
Drawings
Other features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional overcurrent protection device;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the overcurrent protection arrangement of the invention in a normal (non-tripped) state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first embodiment in a tripped state; and
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the overcurrent protection apparatus of the invention.
Detailed Description
Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, like elements are represented by like reference numerals.
Referring to fig. 2, the first embodiment of the overcurrent protection device of the present invention includes a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) polymer element 2, two electrodes 3, and a no-power-supply trip indicator 4. The ptc polymeric component 2 has two opposing surfaces 21. The two electrodes 3 are connected to the two surfaces 21, respectively. The no power trip indicator 4 is formed on at least one of the electrodes 3 to sense the temperature of the over-current protection device. In the first embodiment, the no power trip indicator 4 is in direct contact with the at least one electrode 3.
The PTC polymer element 2 includes a polymer base material and a particulate conductive filler dispersed in the polymer base material. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the polymer substrate is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). In other embodiments, the polymeric substrate is made from a polymer composition comprising a crystalline polyolefin selected from non-grafted polyolefins [ e.g.: non-grafted High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), non-grafted Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), non-grafted Ultra Low Density Polyethylene (ULDPE), non-grafted Medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE), non-grafted polypropylene (PP) ], grafted polyolefins (e.g. polyethylene grafted with carboxylic acid anhydride) or combinations thereof, or copolymers of olefin monomers and anhydrides [ e.g.: ethylene/maleic anhydride copolymer (PE/MA), ethylene/butyl acrylate/maleic anhydride terpolymer (PE/BA/MA) ].
The particulate conductive filler is selected from carbon black powder, metal powder, conductive ceramic powder, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the particulate conductive filler is carbon black powder.
The no power trip indicator 4 comprises a thermochromic material which may be, but is not limited to, commercially available products of Chroma Life Technology Ltd or Chong Yu Technology Ltd (New prism Enterprise Co., Ltd.).
As used herein, the term "thermochromic material" refers to a substance that reacts to a change in temperature by changing its ability to absorb, transmit, or reflect light. Thus, herein, the terms "thermochromic" and "color" change based on thermochromic refer to any visually perceptible change of the no power trip indicator 4. The change that can be visualized includes a well-defined change in visible color, a change in fluorescence, a change in luminescence, a change in phosphorescence, and the like that can indicate the occurrence of a color or visual phenomenon, the elimination of a color or visual phenomenon, a change to another color or other visual phenomenon. The change is visual, in other words, it is any change in appearance of the unpowered trip indicator 4 when viewed by the naked eye, whether by filtering or not, and whether by light stimulus (e.g., ambient lighting or light exposure of a particular wavelength).
According to the invention, the thermochromic material may be dispersed throughout the unpowered trip indicator 4 or concentrated in one or more discrete areas of the unpowered trip indicator 4. When the thermochromic material is concentrated in the area of the non-powered trip indicator 4, the area may be of a particular shape or arranged in a predetermined shape, pattern or pattern.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the no power trip indicator 4 has a color change temperature (T)cc). The discoloration temperature may be higher than 60 ℃. The discoloration temperature may be not higher than 200 ℃.
According to the invention, the overcurrent protection device has a trip surface temperature (trip surface temperature) which is equal to or higher than the color change temperature of the powerless trip indicator 4. That is, the thermochromic material of the non-powered trip indicator 4 may change color to reflect the tripped state (see fig. 3). In detail, in the normal state, the surface temperature of the overcurrent protection means is typically between 25-50 ℃, which is lower than the color change temperature of the no power trip indicator 4. However, when the overcurrent protection device trips, the surface temperature of the overcurrent protection device sharply increases to its trip surface temperature, which exceeds the color change temperature of the no power trip indicator 4. Thus, a temperature change of the thermochromic material of the no power trip indicator 4 can be observed and indicate a trip state.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the trip surface temperature of the overcurrent protection device is greater than 70 ℃.
Referring to fig. 4, a second embodiment of the overcurrent protection device of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, except that the second embodiment further comprises a cover layer 5 disposed between the no-power-supply-trip indicator 4 and the at least one electrode 3. In the second embodiment, the unpowered trip indicator 4 is in indirect contact with the at least one electrode 3 through the cover layer 5. In addition, the covering layer 5 surrounds the ptc element 2 and the electrodes 3.
The cover layer 5 may be made of a thermally conductive and insulating material. Examples of the thermally conductive insulating material may include, but are not limited to, solder resist (solder mask), tape (tape), epoxy resin, or silicone resin. The cover layer 5 can protect the PTC element 2 and the electrodes 3 from external forces or environmental factors.
The invention will be further described in the following examples, but it should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the practice of the invention.
Examples
Preparation of Polymer blend composition
Preparation of carbon Black powders (available from Columbian Chemicals, Inc., product number: Raven 430UB, DBP/D of 0.95, bulk density of 0.53 g/cm) of three polymer blend compositions (i.e., formulation 1, formulation 2, formulation 3)3) And the polymer substrate are as follows. In formulation 1, the polymer substrate was an ethylene/butyl acrylate/maleic anhydride terpolymer (PE/BA/MA) (available from Arkema, product number:
3410 and BA content 18.0% by weight, an MA content of 3.1% by weight, melting point 91 ℃ C. In formulation 2, the polymeric substrate comprised HDPE (from Taiwan plastics industries, Inc., product type: HDPE9002, melting point 130 ℃) as the non-grafted polyolefin and HDPE grafted with maleic anhydride (MA-g-HDPE, from DuPont, product type: MB100D, melting point 134 ℃) as the polyolefin grafted with an unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride. In formulation 3, the polymeric substrate is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (available from Arkema, product number:
761, melting point 170 deg.C). The proportions of the polymer base material and the carbon black powder, which are composed of the above three polymer blends, are shown in Table 1.
The three polymer base materials are respectively mixed with carbon black powder in a mixing mill (brand name: Brabender) for 10min under the conditions that the temperature is 200 ℃ and the stirring speed is 30rpm, so as to respectively obtain three polymer blending compositions (namely, formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3).
Preparation of a chip (chip)
Placing the three polymer blend compositions in a mold, and hot pressing at 200 deg.C and 80kg/cm2Hot pressing was performed for 4min under the conditions of (1) to form three kinds of sheets having a thickness of 0.33mm, respectively. The three sheets were removed from the mold, each sheet was placed in two pieces of nickel-plated copper foil (as electrodes), and the temperature was 200 ℃ and 80kg/cm2Hot pressing for 4min to form laminates with a thickness of 0.4 mm. The laminate was cut into a plurality of pieces of 8mm by 8mm, and each piece was irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays at a total radiation dose of 150 kGy. The initial resistance of each chip was measured at 25 ℃ by a micro-ohm meter, and the average value of the initial resistance (n ═ 100) of each of the three chips and the average value of the volume resistivity calculated are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
"-" indicates no addition.
Preparation of overcurrent protection device
< example 1(E1) >
Two metal conductor pins were attached to two pieces of nickel-plated copper foil, respectively, of each die made of the polymer blend composition of formula 1 above, and the die was then covered with a cover made of epoxy resin. Thermochromic materials [ available from jirongyofeng science and technology ltd, product type: h810Kb70P40, color change temperature (T)cc) At 70 deg.C and a temperature below TccIs white when it is heated, and has a temperature higher than TccAppear blue when in use]The coating layer was screen-printed and dried for about 2min to obtain an overcurrent protection device of E1 with a trip indicator formed thereon.
< examples 2 and 3(E2 and E3) >
The process conditions for the overcurrent protection devices of E2 and E3 were similar to example 1, except that the polymer blend composition and the thermochromic material were changed as shown in table 2, respectively.
Examples 4 to 6(E4-E6) >
The process conditions of the overcurrent protection devices of E4-E6 were similar to those of examples 1 to 3, respectively, except that the thermochromic materials were changed as shown in table 2, respectively.
< comparative examples 1 to 3(CE1-CE3) >
The process conditions for the overcurrent protection devices of CE1-CE3 were similar to examples 1 to 3, respectively, with the difference that the trip indicator of CE1-CE3 was formed from a non-thermochromic (i.e., non-temperature-change) black marking ink (as shown in table 2).
TABLE 2
"N/A" means unavailable.
Performance testing
[ Room temperature Color Observation at room temperature ]
The initial colors of trip indicators at 25 ℃ (non-trip state) for the overcurrent protection devices of E1-E6 and CE1-CE3 were observed, respectively, and the results are shown in table 3, respectively.
[ Trip test (Trip test) ]
Trip tests were performed on the overcurrent protection devices of E1-E6 and CE1-CE3 at a constant voltage of 16Vdc and a constant current of 10A for 60s, the trip surface temperature at the moment of trip of the overcurrent protection devices was measured with a thermocouple, and the color of the trip indicator when the overcurrent protection devices were in the trip state was observed, and the results are shown in table 3, respectively.
TABLE 3
The results in Table 3 show that the overcurrent protection devices of E1-E6 are in the tripped state (trip surface temperature higher than T for its thermochromic material)cc) The trip indicator of CE1-CE3, which is in the trip state, does not change its initial color, indicating that the user can immediately visually (i.e., without any detection instrument) recognize whether the overcurrent protection device of E1-E6 is in the trip state.
In summary, by including the trip indicator capable of responding to the temperature, when the over-current protection device of the present invention is in the trip state, the color change of the trip indicator can be immediately recognized, and the overall production cost and the manufacturing process of the over-current protection device of the present invention can be greatly reduced, thereby achieving the objective of the present invention.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and the invention is still within the scope of the present invention by simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the contents of the specification.
Claims (13)
1. An overcurrent protection device, comprising:
a positive temperature coefficient polymer element having two opposing surfaces;
two electrodes respectively connected to the two opposite surfaces; and
a no power trip indicator formed on at least one of the electrodes to sense a temperature of the over-current protection device.
2. The overcurrent protection device of claim 1, wherein: the unpowered trip indicator is in direct contact with the at least one electrode.
3. The overcurrent protection device of claim 1, wherein: the no-power-source trip indicator includes a thermochromic material.
4. The overcurrent protection device of claim 3, wherein: the overcurrent protection device has a trip surface temperature, the no power trip indicator has a color change temperature, and the trip surface temperature is equal to or higher than the color change temperature of the no power trip indicator.
5. The overcurrent protection device of claim 4, wherein: the trip surface temperature of the overcurrent protection device is greater than 70 ℃.
6. The overcurrent protection device of claim 1, wherein: the no power trip indicator has a color change temperature that is greater than 60 ℃.
7. The overcurrent protection device of claim 6, wherein: the color change temperature of the no-power-supply tripping indicator is higher than 60 ℃ and not higher than 200 ℃.
8. The overcurrent protection device of claim 1, wherein: the overcurrent protection device also includes a cover layer disposed between the unpowered trip indicator and the at least one electrode.
9. The overcurrent protection device of claim 8, wherein: the unpowered trip indicator is in indirect contact with the at least one electrode through the cover layer.
10. The overcurrent protection device of claim 8, wherein: the covering layer surrounds the PTC polymer element and the electrodes and is made of a heat-conducting and insulating material.
11. The overcurrent protection device of claim 1, wherein: the PTC polymer element comprises a polymer base material and a granular conductive filler dispersed in the polymer base material.
12. The overcurrent protection device of claim 11, wherein: the particulate conductive filler is selected from carbon black powder, metal powder, conductive ceramic powder, or a combination thereof.
13. The overcurrent protection device of claim 12, wherein: the particulate conductive filler is carbon black powder.
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| CN201910681187.9A CN112310936A (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2019-07-26 | Overcurrent protection device |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW484146B (en) * | 2000-12-30 | 2002-04-21 | Polytronics Technology Corp | Excess current protection device and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1378217A (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-11-06 | 聚鼎科技股份有限公司 | Over-current protector |
| CN102253341A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 江苏林洋新能源有限公司 | Method for detecting solar cell electric leakage by thermochromism film |
| CN103680783A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-26 | 富致科技股份有限公司 | Insertion-type polymer positive-temperature-coefficient overcurrent protection device |
| CN103730219A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-16 | 富致科技股份有限公司 | High-molecular positive temperature coefficient overcurrent protective device |
| CN109215905A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 富致科技股份有限公司 | Overcurrent protection |
-
2019
- 2019-07-26 CN CN201910681187.9A patent/CN112310936A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW484146B (en) * | 2000-12-30 | 2002-04-21 | Polytronics Technology Corp | Excess current protection device and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1378217A (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-11-06 | 聚鼎科技股份有限公司 | Over-current protector |
| CN102253341A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 江苏林洋新能源有限公司 | Method for detecting solar cell electric leakage by thermochromism film |
| CN103680783A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-26 | 富致科技股份有限公司 | Insertion-type polymer positive-temperature-coefficient overcurrent protection device |
| CN103730219A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-16 | 富致科技股份有限公司 | High-molecular positive temperature coefficient overcurrent protective device |
| CN109215905A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 富致科技股份有限公司 | Overcurrent protection |
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