CN112302556A

CN112302556A - Self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool

Info

Publication number: CN112302556A
Application number: CN201910683674.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵传伟; 聂云飞; 裴学良; 张辉; 孙浩玉; 郑振凯; 周洪国; 张俊杰; 陈勇
Original assignee: Sinopec Oilfield Service Corp; Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp; Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp
Current assignee: Sinopec Oilfield Service Corp; Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp; Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp
Priority date: 2019-07-26
Filing date: 2019-07-26
Publication date: 2021-02-02

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool. Comprises an upper joint, an outer cylinder, a flow passage body, a cover plate, a cylinder, a wedge-shaped block, a nozzle adjusting sheet and a bolt. The upper joint is connected with the outer cylinder through threads; the runner body and the cover plate are arranged in the outer barrel and are connected together through bolts; the wedge-shaped block is positioned between the runner body and the cover plate, one end of the wedge-shaped block is inserted into the special-shaped groove of the runner body, and the other end of the wedge-shaped block is inserted into the special-shaped groove of the cover plate; the cylinder is positioned between the runner body and the cover plate, one end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove of the runner body, and the other end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove of the cover plate; the nozzle adjusting sheet is connected with the runner body through the slot. The invention utilizes the self flow channel to generate periodic vibration, has simple structure, no moving parts and rubber parts, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, long service life, small pressure drop and low cost, and has important significance for improving the drilling efficiency of directional wells and horizontal wells.

Description

Self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic vibration tools for petroleum drilling, in particular to a self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the drilling technology, the large-displacement well and the long horizontal-section horizontal well are more and more, the well track is more and more complicated, and the friction resistance is more and more large. In the drilling process, the problems of difficult pressure supporting and tool surface swinging and the like often occur, particularly, when the sliding drilling is carried out, the real and effective drilling pressure can not be applied to the drill bit, and the drilling efficiency is low. At present, the main method for solving the problem at home and abroad is to use a hydraulic vibration tool. For example, the Agitator tool from National Oilwell Varco, the Hydropull tool from Tempress. The tool generates vibration along the axial direction of a drill stem through the hydraulic action, static friction is converted into dynamic friction by utilizing the vibration, the friction resistance in the drilling process is reduced, the bit pressure transmission effect is improved, and the mechanical drilling speed is further improved. However, the existing hydraulic vibration tool generally has moving parts and rubber parts, so that the hydraulic vibration tool is poor in high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, high in cost, short in service life and large in working pressure drop.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool, which overcomes the defects of the conventional hydraulic vibration tool, generates vibration along the axial direction of a drill column through the hydraulic action, converts static friction into dynamic friction by utilizing the vibration, reduces the friction resistance in the drilling process, improves the bit pressure transmission effect and further improves the mechanical drilling speed.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a self-excited hydraulic vibration tool comprises an outer cylinder, a flow channel body, a nozzle adjusting sheet and a cylinder. The runner body sets up inside the urceolus, and the runner is internal from last entry runner, injection runner, jet chamber, swirl chamber and switching-over room of being equipped with in proper order down. The spray channel is provided with a nozzle adjusting sheet, the spray chamber is internally provided with a wedge block, and the wedge block divides the spray chamber into a left flow distribution channel, a right flow distribution channel and a swirl chamber. A cylinder is arranged in the reversing chamber, and a circular runner is formed between the cylinder and the reversing chamber. The swirl chamber is provided with a runner body outlet which is communicated with a runner formed by the runner body and the outer cylinder. The runner body is internally provided with a left feedback runner and a right feedback runner which are respectively communicated with the outlet ends of the annular runner and the injection runner.

Further, the left and right branch runners are symmetrical about the injection runner. The left feedback flow channel and the right feedback flow channel are identical in structure and symmetrical about the injection flow channel, and sequentially comprise a horizontal straight line flow channel, a fillet flow channel, a vertical straight line flow channel, an arc flow channel and an inclined straight line flow channel from top to bottom. The inclined straight-line flow channel is of a gradually-reduced structure, namely the flow area of the inclined straight-line flow channel is gradually reduced from the joint of the flow channel and the arc-shaped flow channel to the joint of the flow channel and the reversing chamber. The runner body is provided with a slot, and the nozzle adjusting sheet is connected with the runner body through the slot.

In addition, the self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool also comprises a cover plate, and the flow channel body is fixedly connected with the cover plate. The wedge block is arranged between the runner body and the cover plate, one end of the wedge block is inserted into the special-shaped groove A of the runner body, the other end of the wedge block is inserted into the special-shaped groove B of the cover plate, the special-shaped groove of the runner body is arranged at the bottom of the jetting chamber, and the cross section of the special-shaped groove of the runner body is the same as that of the wedge block. The cylinder is located between the runner body and the cover plate, one end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove A of the runner body, the other end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove B of the cover plate, and the circular groove of the runner body is arranged at the bottom of the reversing chamber.

In addition, the runner body and the cover plate are connected together through bolts. The nozzle adjusting sheet is made of high-wear-resistance hard alloy or ceramic material.

The left feedback flow channel and the right feedback flow channel of the flow channel body have the same structure and are symmetrical about the injection flow channel, and the flow channel body sequentially comprises a horizontal straight line flow channel, a fillet flow channel, a vertical straight line flow channel, an arc flow channel and an inclined straight line flow channel from top to bottom. The inclined straight-line flow channel is of a gradually-reduced structure, namely the flow area of the inclined straight-line flow channel is gradually reduced from the joint of the flow channel and the arc-shaped flow channel to the joint of the flow channel and the reversing chamber.

The invention has the following advantages besides the characteristics of the existing hydraulic vibration tool: firstly, the tool generates pressure pulsation by utilizing a flow passage of the tool, thereby realizing vibration and having simple structure; secondly, no moving parts and rubber parts exist, the high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant drilling fluid is high in temperature resistance, long in service life, small in pressure drop and low in cost, and has important significance for improving the drilling efficiency of directional wells and horizontal wells.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-exciting hydrovibratory tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the flow conduit body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the flow conduit body of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the cover plate of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken at D-D of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken at E-E of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a rear view of the cover shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the flow channel structure of the self-exciting hydrovibratory tool of the present invention, as assembled with the wedge, the cylinder and the nozzle vanes of FIG. 1;

wherein: 1. the novel nozzle comprises an upper joint, 2. O-shaped sealing rings, 3. a flow channel body, 4. wedge-shaped blocks, 5. a cylinder, 6. a nozzle adjusting sheet, 7. an outer cylinder, 8. bolts, 9. a cover plate, 10. a flow channel formed by the flow channel body and the outer cylinder, 11. a flow channel formed by the cover plate and the outer cylinder, 12. a slot, 13. a horizontal straight line flow channel, 14. a round angle flow channel, 15. a vertical straight line flow channel, 16. an arc-shaped flow channel, 17. an inclined straight line flow channel, 18. a threaded hole, 19. an injection chamber, 20. a special-shaped groove A, 21. a flow channel body outlet, 22. a reversing chamber, 23. a round groove A, 24. an inlet flow channel, 25. a step hole, 26. a cover plate outlet, 27. a special-shaped groove B, 28. a round groove B, 31. a left feedback flow channel, 32. a round ring flow channel, 33. an injection flow channel, 34. a left.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Fig. 1 to 3 are schematic structural diagrams of a self-excitation type hydraulic vibration tool, which is composed of an upper joint 1, an outer cylinder 7, a flow channel body 3, a cover plate 9, a cylinder 5, a wedge block 4, a nozzle adjusting sheet 6, a bolt 8 and an O-shaped sealing ring 2. The upper joint 1 is connected with the outer cylinder 7 through threads and is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring 2; the runner body 3 and the cover plate 9 are arranged inside the outer cylinder 7 and are connected together through a bolt 8; the wedge block 4 is positioned between the runner body 3 and the cover plate 9, one end of the wedge block is inserted into the special-shaped groove A20 of the runner body 3, and the other end of the wedge block is inserted into the special-shaped groove B27 of the cover plate 9; the cylinder 5 is positioned between the runner body 3 and the cover plate 9, one end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove A23 of the runner body 3, and the other end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove B28 of the cover plate 9; the nozzle adjusting plate 6 is connected to the flow path body 3 through the insertion groove 12.

Fig. 4 to 6 are schematic structural views of the flow channel body 3. The flow channel body 3 is provided with: the flow channel comprises an inlet flow channel 24, a slot 12, an injection chamber 19, a reversing chamber 22, a flow channel body outlet 21, a left feedback flow channel and a right feedback flow channel which are formed by sequentially communicating a horizontal straight flow channel 13, a fillet flow channel 14, a vertical straight flow channel 15, an arc flow channel 16 and an inclined

straight flow channel

17, and 10 threaded holes 18. The left feedback flow channel and the right feedback flow channel of the flow channel body 3 have the same structure. The inclined straight flow passage 17 is of a tapered structure, that is, the flow area of the inclined straight flow passage 17 gradually decreases from the connection of the flow passage and the arc-shaped flow passage 16 to the connection of the flow passage and the reversing chamber 22. The lower part of the injection chamber 19 is provided with a special-shaped groove 20 with the same cross-sectional shape as the wedge block 4, and the bottom of the reversing chamber 22 is provided with a circular groove 23. The flow path body outlet 21 communicates with the flow path 10 formed by the flow path body 3 and the outer cylinder.

Fig. 7 to 10 are schematic structural views of the cover plate 9. One side of the cover plate 9 with a cylindrical surface is provided with 10 step holes 25 which correspond to the threaded holes 18 of the flow passage body 3 and are through holes; the cover plate 9 is provided with a special-shaped groove B27, a circular groove B28 and a cover plate outlet 26, wherein the cross section of the special-shaped groove B27 is the same as that of the wedge block 4, and the cover plate outlet 26 is arranged on the surface attached to the flow passage body 3. The cover outlet 26 communicates with the flow path 11 formed by the cover 9 and the outer cylinder 7.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the flow channel formed by assembling the flow channel body 3, the wedge block 4, the cylinder 5 and the nozzle adjusting piece 6 according to fig. 1. The flow channel body 3 and the nozzle regulating sheet 6 form an injection flow channel 33; the wedge block 4 divides the injection chamber 19 into a left diversion flow passage 34, a right diversion flow passage 35 and a swirl chamber 37; the cylinder 5 and the reversing chamber 22 form a circular flow channel 32. The left branch flow passage 34 and the right branch flow passage 35 are symmetrical with respect to the injection flow passage 33; left feedback channel 31 and right feedback channel 36 are symmetrical with respect to injection channel 33. The inlet channel 24, the injection channel 33, the left diversion channel 34, the right diversion channel 35, the left feedback channel 31, the right feedback channel 36, the swirl chamber 37, the annular channel 32 and the channel outlet 21 are communicated with each other.

The self-excited hydraulic vibration tool is used in the drilling process, the tool is connected between a common drill rod and a weighted drill rod, and the working principle is as follows: the drilling fluid flows through the upper connector 1 from the inlet channel 24 into the jet channel 33, forming a high velocity jet. Due to the coanda effect, the jet is deflected to a divergent channel, shown in FIG. 9 as right divergent channel 35, and then enters swirl chamber 37. The jet forms a clockwise rotational flow along the wall surface of the rotational flow chamber 37, the drilling fluid is discharged from the flow channel body outlet 21 and the cover plate outlet 26, and then enters the weighting drill rod through the flow channel 10 formed by the flow channel body 3 and the outer cylinder 7 and the flow channel 11 formed by the cover plate 9 and the outer cylinder 7. As the swirl flow increases, a portion of the flow enters the annular channel 32 and further into the right feedback channel 36 to the outlet end of the injection channel 33. When the liquid flow speed in the right feedback flow channel 36 reaches a certain value, the direction of the liquid flow at the outlet end of the injection flow channel 33 is forced to be switched, namely, the liquid flow starts to enter the left flow dividing channel 34 from the right flow dividing channel 35, and the clockwise rotational flow strength starts to be weakened due to the fact that the liquid flow direction in the left flow dividing channel 34 is opposite to the rotational flow direction until the rotational flow disappears. Then, a counterclockwise swirling flow starts to be generated. As the swirl flow increases, a portion of the flow enters the annular flow passage 32 and further enters the left feedback flow passage 31 to the outlet end of the injection flow passage 33. When the liquid flow speed in the left feedback flow channel 31 reaches a certain value, the direction of the liquid flow at the outlet end of the injection flow channel 33 is forced to be switched, namely, the liquid flow starts to enter the right branch flow channel 35 from the left branch flow channel 34, and the counterclockwise rotational flow strength starts to be weakened due to the fact that the liquid flow direction in the right branch flow channel 35 is opposite to the rotational flow direction until the rotational flow disappears. At this point, a duty cycle is completed.

In one working cycle, the strength change of the swirling flow field is as follows: clockwise → enhancement → strongest → attenuation → disappearance → counterclockwise → enhancement → strongest → attenuation → disappearance. Accordingly, the tool inlet/outlet pressure change is: min → increase → max → decrease → min. The above process is repeated continuously while drilling the well fluid, and further, periodic pressure pulsation is generated. The pressure pulsations act on the bottom hole assembly to produce periodic axial vibrations that reduce the frictional drag between the drill string and the well wall or casing.

Claims

1. A self-exciting, hydrovibratory tool, comprising: comprises an outer cylinder (7), a flow passage body (3), a nozzle adjusting sheet (6) and a cylinder (5); the flow channel body (3) is arranged in the outer barrel (7), and an inlet flow channel (24), a spraying flow channel (33), a spraying chamber (19), a swirling flow chamber (37) and a reversing chamber (22) are sequentially arranged in the flow channel body (3) from top to bottom; a nozzle adjusting sheet (6) is arranged on the injection flow channel (33); a wedge block (4) is arranged in the injection chamber (19), and the injection chamber (19) is divided into a left flow distribution channel (34), a right flow distribution channel (35) and a swirl chamber (37) by the wedge block (4); a cylinder (5) is arranged in the reversing chamber (22), and a circular flow passage (32) is formed between the cylinder (5) and the reversing chamber (22); a channel body outlet (21) is arranged on the swirl chamber (37), and the channel body outlet (21) is communicated with a channel (10) formed by the channel body (3) and the outer cylinder; a left feedback flow channel (31) and a right feedback flow channel (36) are arranged in the flow channel body (3), and the left feedback flow channel (31) and the right feedback flow channel (36) are respectively communicated with the outlet ends of the circular flow channel (32) and the injection flow channel (33).

2. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the left branch flow channel (34) and the right branch flow channel (35) are symmetrical relative to the injection flow channel (33).

3. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the left feedback flow channel (31) and the right feedback flow channel (36) are identical in structure and symmetrical relative to the injection flow channel (33), and the left feedback flow channel (31) and the right feedback flow channel (36) are sequentially composed of a horizontal straight line flow channel (13), a fillet flow channel (14), a vertical straight line flow channel (15), an arc-shaped flow channel (16) and an inclined straight line flow channel (17) from top to bottom.

4. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the inclined straight flow passage (17) is of a tapered structure, namely the flow area of the inclined straight flow passage (17) is gradually reduced from the joint of the flow passage and the arc-shaped flow passage (16) to the joint of the flow passage and the reversing chamber (22).

5. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the runner body (3) is provided with a slot (12), and the nozzle adjusting sheet (6) is connected with the runner body (3) through the slot (12).

6. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the flow channel body (3) is fixedly connected with the cover plate (9); the wedge block (4) is positioned between the runner body (3) and the cover plate (9), one end of the wedge block is inserted into the special-shaped groove A (20) of the runner body (3), the other end of the wedge block is inserted into the special-shaped groove B (27) of the cover plate (9), the special-shaped groove A (20) of the runner body (3) is arranged at the bottom of the spraying chamber (19), and the cross section of the wedge block is the same as that of the wedge block (4).

7. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the cylinder (5) is positioned between the flow channel body (3) and the cover plate (9), one end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove A (23) of the flow channel body (3), the other end of the cylinder is inserted into the circular groove B (28) of the cover plate (9), and the circular groove (23) of the flow channel body (3) is arranged at the bottom of the reversing chamber (22).

8. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the runner body (3) and the cover plate (9) are connected together through the bolts (8).

9. A self-exciting hydrovibratory tool as set forth in claim 8, wherein: the nozzle adjusting sheet (6) is made of high-wear-resistance hard alloy or ceramic material.