CN112301962A - Method for improving flow capacity of large diversion project without affecting normal water supply - Google Patents
Method for improving flow capacity of large diversion project without affecting normal water supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN112301962A CN112301962A CN202011129373.0A CN202011129373A CN112301962A CN 112301962 A CN112301962 A CN 112301962A CN 202011129373 A CN202011129373 A CN 202011129373A CN 112301962 A CN112301962 A CN 112301962A
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- gate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/08—Details, e.g. gates, screens
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B5/00—Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the overflowing capacity of a large diversion project without influencing normal water supply. The gate-type tubular pump is additionally arranged at an outlet maintenance gate of a water delivery building, so that the overflowing capacity is improved more remarkably without influencing normal water supply and overflowing; the method for improving the overcurrent capacity comprises the following steps: deducing hydraulic slope drop in the canal section according to the demand for improving the overflowing capacity of the water delivery channel; step two: estimating the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump by utilizing L, i according to the hydraulic gradient in the channel section; step three: drawing a lift value of a gate-type tubular pump, calculating the flow capacity of a water delivery channel under different lift conditions, and drawing a corresponding relation between the flow capacity and a lift curve; step four: the gate-type tubular pump is installed in a common gate slot of the inspection gate. The invention has the advantage of obviously improving the overflowing capacity without influencing the normal water supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of construction and operation of large-scale water delivery projects, in particular to a method for improving the overflowing capacity of a large-scale diversion project without influencing normal water supply.
Background
Since the 21 st century, China has built a plurality of large diversion projects to supply water, agricultural irrigation, ecological water and the like to regions with water resource shortage. Along with the increase of the operation years, the channel overflowing capacity of a large diversion project may not reach the design scale or hardly meet the increasing water demand requirements of users, which is embodied in that when the channel is controlled to operate near the design or the increased water level, the overflowing capacity is far lower than the original design level, or when the channel is in a transportation design or the flow is increased, the actual operation water level of the channel exceeds the original design value, and the channel height does not meet the safe operation requirements.
At present, the engineering technology for improving the flow capacity of a large-scale water delivery channel mainly comprises channel bottom dredging or channel lining repairing and two major categories of original channel engineering reconstruction and expansion. The channel bottom dredging or channel lining repairing measures, such as the Chinese patent CN102852120A, have limited effect on improving the channel flow capacity, and generally can only recover the original design level. Channel engineering reconstruction and extension measures, such as increasing water delivery section, needing water cut-off maintenance, are not applicable to water diversion engineering with high water supply guarantee rate. In addition, some devices for increasing the water flow rate of the channel to increase the flow capacity, such as chinese patent CN104404921A, cause interference to the raw water flow of the channel due to the devices being arranged at the bottom of the channel, and have limited effect on increasing the flow capacity of large channels.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a method for improving the overflow capacity of large channels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the flow capacity of a large-scale water diversion and adjustment project without influencing normal water supply, which realizes the adjustment of hydraulic slope drop in a channel by additionally arranging a tubular pump, greatly improves the flow capacity of the large-scale water diversion and adjustment project under the condition of not influencing normal operation, and improves the flow capacity of the project by about 1.5 times.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for improving the flow capacity of the large diversion project without influencing normal water supply is characterized by comprising the following steps of: by additionally arranging the gate-type tubular pump at the outlet maintenance gate of the water delivery building, the overflowing capacity of a large-scale water diversion and adjustment project is remarkably improved on the premise of not influencing normal water supply;
the method for improving the overcurrent capacity comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: deducing the hydraulic slope drop of the canal section according to the demand for improving the overflowing capacity of the water delivery channel;
step two: estimating the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump by using the length L and the longitudinal slope i of the channel section according to the hydraulic slope drop in the channel section;
step three: drawing up the lift values of a plurality of groups of gate-type tubular pumps; the method comprises the following steps of calculating the flow capacity of a water delivery channel under different lift conditions, drawing a corresponding relation between the flow capacity and a lift curve, and carrying out equipment model selection according to conditions such as flow capacity improvement requirements and the like;
step four: when the gate-type tubular pump selected in the third step is applied, the gate-type tubular pump is arranged in a common gate slot of the inspection gate;
when the water delivery channel supplies water at a flow rate greater than the design flow rate, the gate-type tubular pump is put in place in the access door groove to start working, and the flow rate of the water is adjusted through the curve of the flow capacity to the lift;
when the water delivery flow of the channel is less than the designed flow, the gate-type tubular pump is lifted, and the current situation that the arc gate controls the water flow is still used.
In the technical scheme, in the step one, the hydraulic gradient in the canal section is calculated according to a formula (1-1),
in the formula (1-1), i' is a new hydraulic gradient; q is the flow rate, unit m3S; a is the area of flow, unit m2(ii) a R is hydraulic radius, unit m; n is roughness.
In the technical scheme, in the step two, the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump is estimated according to the formulas (2-1), (2-2) and (2-3),
H＝hL’-hL (2-1)
hL’＝L×i’ (2-2)
hL＝L×i (2-3)
in the formulae (2-1), (2-2) and (2-3), hLReducing the water level; h isL' is new water level drop; h is the lift, unit m; l is the length of the channel section and is the unit m; and i is a longitudinal slope.
In the technical scheme, in the third step, when the minimum lift value in the lift values of the gate-type tubular pumps is reduced, one or more groups of lift values of the gate-type tubular pumps are selected;
and when the minimum lift value in the gate-type tubular pump lift values is increased, taking a plurality of groups of gate-type tubular pump lift values.
In the technical scheme, in the fourth step, the gate-type tubular pump adjusts the flow rate through the opening degree or the rotating speed of the blades.
The large water diversion project of the invention is based on the classification standard of hydraulic engineering, the water supply quantity of large type (I) year is more than 10 hundred million, and the water supply quantity of large type (II) year is 3-10 hundred million.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) by adopting the technology, the flow capacity of the water delivery channel can be improved to 1.52-1.87 times of the designed flow: for long-distance water diversion and regulation projects, the average length of a channel section is measured according to 15km, the average longitudinal slope is measured according to 1/25000, and when the water level at the upstream end of the channel is increased by 0.8m, the hydraulic slope drop of the channel can be increased to 2.32 times of the original level k; when the water level at the upstream end of the channel is lifted by 1.5m, the hydraulic gradient of the channel can be increased to 3.5 times of the original level k; according to the relationship between the flow velocity of the open channel and the hydraulic slope, the flow velocity of the water flow in the channel should be increased
Doubling; under the condition of the current water delivery section, the flow capacity of the water delivery channel can be increased to 1.52-1.87 times of the original level;
(2) by adopting the technology, the large-scale reconstruction of the existing water delivery building is not needed, the flow capacity of the water delivery channel is improved under the condition of not changing the operation condition of the existing facility, and the safety risk of the water diversion and transfer project when operating at a large flow for a long time is avoided;
(3) on the basis of the current state subsection condition of the water delivery channel, a portal type through-flow pump is additionally arranged at an outlet maintenance gate of a water delivery building, the water level of the upstream end of a downstream channel section is lifted, the hydraulic slope drop in the channel section is increased, and therefore the flow capacity is increased;
(4) the invention considers the water consumption head and head loss of the building, the lifting lift of the tubular pump is about 0.8-1.5 m, and the gate-type tubular pump adopted by the invention is in large flow (70-550 m)3The water-based;
(5) the gate-type tubular pump and the current maintenance gate share a gate slot and are alternately used with the maintenance gate; the invention utilizes the gate slot of the inspection gate to be fixed on the flow passage of the water delivery building to operate, and the flow is adjusted through the opening degree or the rotating speed of the blade; when the water delivery channel supplies water at a flow rate greater than the design flow rate, positioning the tubular turbine unit in the access door groove to start working; when the water delivery flow of the channel is less than the designed flow, the tubular pump can be lifted, and the current situation of the arc gate is still used for controlling the water flow; when the channel is overhauled, the current state overhaul gate is put down;
(6) all the transformation work of the invention can be carried out in factories and on the ground, basically no underwater engineering exists, and the normal water supply is not influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the overcurrent capacity versus the lift in the embodiment of the present invention.
The continuous dots in fig. 1 are ellipses, indicating omitted channels.
The lift in fig. 1 indicates the height at which the gate-type cross-flow pump lifts the raw water surface line, i.e., the distance between the new water surface line and the raw water surface line.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: a large-scale water diversion project over-current capacity promotion method that does not influence normal water supply, through set up the gate-type tubular pump in the exit overhaul floodgate of the water delivery building, realize under the prerequisite that does not influence normal water supply, promote the over-current capacity of the large-scale water diversion project greatly;
the method for improving the overcurrent capacity comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: deducing the hydraulic slope drop of the canal section according to the demand for improving the overflowing capacity of the water delivery channel;
step two: estimating the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump by using the length L and the longitudinal slope i of the channel section according to the hydraulic slope drop in the channel section;
step three: planning and selecting a lift value of the gate type tubular pump; the method comprises the following steps of calculating the flow capacity of a water delivery channel under different lift conditions, drawing a corresponding relation between the flow capacity and a lift curve, and carrying out equipment model selection according to conditions such as flow capacity improvement requirements and the like;
step four: when the gate-type tubular pump selected in the third step is applied, the gate-type tubular pump is installed in a common gate slot of the current maintenance gate; the water level of the upstream end of the downstream channel section is lifted, so that the hydraulic slope drop in the channel section is increased, and the flow capacity is increased;
when the water delivery channel supplies water at a flow rate greater than the design flow rate, the gate-type tubular pump is put in place in the access door groove to start working, and the flow rate of the water is adjusted through a curve from the overflowing capacity to the lift;
when the water delivery flow of the channel is smaller than the designed flow, the gate-type tubular pump is lifted, and the current situation of arc gate control water flow is still used; when the channel is overhauled, a current overhaul gate is put down (as shown in figure 1).
Further, in the first step, the hydraulic gradient in the channel section is calculated according to the formula (1-1),
in the formula (1-1), i' is new hydraulic gradient, Q is overflow flow, and unit m is3S; a is the area of flow, unit m2(ii) a R is hydraulic radius, unit m; n is roughness.
Further, in the second step, the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump is estimated according to the formulas (2-1), (2-2) and (2-3),
H＝hL’-hL (2-1)
hL’＝L×i’ (2-2)
hL＝L×i (2-3)
in the formulae (2-1), (2-2) and (2-3), hLReducing the water level; h isL' is new water level drop; h is the lift, unit m; l is the length of the channel section and is the unit m; and i is a longitudinal slope.
Further, in the fourth step, the gate slot of the inspection gate is fixed on the flow channel of the water delivery building to operate; the gate-type tubular pump adjusts the flow rate through the opening degree or the rotating speed of the blades.
Examples
The invention will be described in detail by taking the embodiment of the invention as an example for improving the flow capacity of a large-scale diversion project, and the invention also has a guiding function for improving the flow capacity of other large-scale diversion projects.
The water diversion engineering of a certain type (I) in China is taken as an example for explanation. Maximum water delivery flow 420m designed for water delivery engineering3And/s, open channel water delivery is taken as the main channel, and the total main channel line is about 1196 km. The check gates 60 are arranged along the line to divide the total main trench into 60 trench sections. After the engineering is operated for many years, the phenomena of siltation, shell vegetable adhesion and the like inevitably exist, the phenomena of lining plate damage and the like also exist in the channel engineering, the overflow capacity of the water delivery engineering is possibly influenced to a certain extent, and the safety risk and the scheduling difficulty of the water delivery with the designed maximum flow are increased. With followingThe water receiving area of the water diversion project is socioeconomically developed, the water demand is obviously increased, and the newly increased demand of the water receiving area can be met only by diversion at the maximum water delivery flow for a long time. Therefore, the flow capacity of the water delivery project needs to be improved.
First, attempts were made to the prior art approach. The method mainly comprises dredging to restore the original water delivery section, repairing the lining, heightening the channel, and adding or expanding the original water delivery section. The dredging technology and the lining repairing technology can only recover the original designed flow capacity of the water delivery project; the channel heightening technical measures do not substantially reduce the operation water level, so that the requirement of long-term large-flow water delivery on the safety of the original engineering structure is difficult to meet on one hand, and a water delivery scheduling scheme needs to be researched again on the other hand; the engineering investment required for newly increasing or expanding the original water delivery section (including) is overlarge, and the water supply is stopped for maintenance along with the requirement, so that the existing normal water supply is influenced. Therefore, the technology of the invention is adopted to improve the overflow capacity of the water delivery project;
and deducing the hydraulic slope drop required in the canal section according to the demand for improving the overflowing capacity of the water delivery channel. The specific method comprises the following steps:
in the formula, i' is new hydraulic gradient, Q is overflow flow, A is overflow area, R is hydraulic radius, and n is roughness;
according to the hydraulic slope in the canal section, the length L and the longitudinal slope i of the canal section are used to estimate that the gate-type tubular pump at least has a lift. The specific method is that the raw water level is lowered by hLWhen becoming L × i, new water level decreases by hL'L x i', the lift H is HL’-hL；
6-8 groups of gate-type tubular pump lift values are drawn, wherein 1-2 groups are selected when the relative minimum lift value is reduced, and 5-6 groups are selected when the relative minimum lift value is increased; calculating the flow capacity of the water delivery channel under different lift conditions, and drawing the corresponding relation of the flow capacity-lift curve; different channel sections have different relations between the flow capacity and the lift curve, and the schematic diagram of the flow capacity-lift curve in the embodiment is shown in an attached figure 2; as can be seen from fig. 2: the larger the raised over-current capacity is, the larger the required lift is;
step four: installing a gate type tubular pump in a common gate slot of a current maintenance gate; the water level of the upstream end of the downstream channel section is lifted, so that the hydraulic slope drop in the channel section is increased, and the flow capacity is increased;
when the water delivery channel supplies water at a flow rate greater than the design flow rate, the gate-type tubular pump is put in place in the access door groove to start working, and the equipment is adjusted according to the required excess flow rate by referring to the curve of the excess flow capacity to the lift;
when the water delivery flow of the channel is smaller than the designed flow, the gate-type tubular pump is lifted, and the current situation of arc gate control water flow is still used; and when the channel is overhauled, the current state overhaul gate is put down.
And (4) conclusion: the embodiment can lift the water level of the upstream end of the downstream channel section, and realize the increase of hydraulic slope drop in the channel section, thereby increasing the flow capacity; all the transformation work of this embodiment can be carried out at factory and ground, and basically there is not underwater engineering, does not influence normal water supply.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. The method for improving the flow capacity of the large diversion project without influencing normal water supply is characterized by comprising the following steps of: by additionally arranging the gate-type tubular pump at the outlet maintenance gate of the water delivery building, the flow capacity of a large-scale water diversion and adjustment project is greatly improved on the premise of not influencing normal water supply;
the method for improving the overcurrent capacity comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: deducing the hydraulic slope drop of the canal section according to the demand for improving the overflowing capacity of the water delivery channel;
step two: estimating the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump by using the length L and the longitudinal slope i of the channel section according to the hydraulic slope drop in the channel section;
step three: drawing a corresponding relation between the flow capacity and a lift curve, and carrying out equipment model selection according to conditions such as flow capacity lifting requirements;
step four: when the gate-type tubular pump selected in the third step is applied, the gate-type tubular pump is arranged in a common gate slot of the inspection gate;
when the water delivery channel supplies water at a flow rate greater than the design flow rate, the gate-type tubular pump is put in place in the access door groove to start working;
when the water delivery flow of the channel is less than the designed flow, the current situation arc gate is used for controlling the water flow.
2. The method for improving the overflowing capacity of the large diversion project without affecting the normal water supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the hydraulic gradient in the canal section is calculated according to the formula (1-1),
in the formula (1-1), i' is a new hydraulic gradient; q is the flow rate, unit m3S; a is the area of flow, unit m2(ii) a R is hydraulic radius, unit m; n is roughness.
3. The method for improving the overflowing capacity of the large diversion project without affecting the normal water supply according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the minimum lift of the gate-type tubular pump is estimated according to the formulas (2-1), (2-2) and (2-3),
H＝hL’-hL (2-1)
hL’＝L×i’ (2-2)
hL＝L×i (2-3)
in the formulae (2-1), (2-2) and (2-3), hLReducing the water level; h isL' is new water level drop; h is the lift, unit m; l is the length of the channel section and is the unit m; i is a longitudinal slope, and i' is a new hydraulic slope.
4. The method for improving the flow capacity of the large diversion project without affecting the normal water supply according to claim 3, wherein in the third step, when the minimum lift value in the lift values of the gate-type tubular pumps is reduced, one or more groups of lift values of the gate-type tubular pumps are taken;
and when the minimum lift value in the gate-type tubular pump lift values is increased, taking a plurality of groups of gate-type tubular pump lift values.
5. The method for improving the flow capacity of the large diversion works without affecting the normal water supply according to claim 4, wherein: in step four, the gate-type tubular pump adjusts the flow rate by the opening degree or the rotating speed of the vanes.
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