CN112301274B - Steel for non-welded wear-resistant component and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Steel for non-welded wear-resistant component and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112301274B
CN112301274B CN202011060983.XA CN202011060983A CN112301274B CN 112301274 B CN112301274 B CN 112301274B CN 202011060983 A CN202011060983 A CN 202011060983A CN 112301274 B CN112301274 B CN 112301274B
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steel
wear
resistant member
heating
resistant
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CN112301274A (en
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郭慧敏
潘辉
刘阳春
刘锟
白凤霞
梁江涛
张旭
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Shougang Group Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/003—Cementite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to steel for a non-welding wear-resistant component and a preparation method thereof. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member contains: 0.95-1.25% of C, 0.60-1.0% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.015-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.005% of B, 0.025-0.045% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of V, 0.03-0.06% of Nb0.03, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component has the advantages of good wear resistance and obviously reduced cost; the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component can be used for non-welding purposes, can replace the traditional plain carbon steel, low alloy steel and traditional wear-resistant steel, and can prolong the service life of the wear-resistant component for the non-welding purposes.

Description

Steel for non-welded wear-resistant component and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to steel for a non-welding wear-resistant component and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wear-resistant steel prepared by the traditional process is widely applied to the fields of engineering machinery, mine coal mines and the like, and the Brinell hardness level of the wear-resistant steel covers 300-600. The wear-resistant steel generally adopts a medium-low carbon component system, the carbon content is generally less than 0.5%, a certain amount of elements such as Cr, Mo and the like are added to improve the hardenability of the material, and tempered martensite is obtained through a quenching and low-temperature tempering process to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the material. At present, the main production technology of wear-resistant steel is to perform the processes of quenching and low-temperature tempering on a hot-rolled steel plate to obtain a tempered martensite structure, so that the wear resistance of the material is improved.
Chinese patent 201810675587.4 discloses a wear-resistant steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the chemical components in percentage are as follows: 0.29-0.35% of C, 0.21-0.27% of Si, 0.82-0.88% of Mn, 0.005-0.010% of P, 0.001-0.0015% of S, 0.95-1.05% of Cr0.12-0.18% of Mo0.12, 0.50% of Ni0.50%, 0.05% of Al, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of Nb, less than or equal to 0.005% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.02% of V, 0.0015% of B, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities; the wear-resistant steel plate is added with a large amount of Cr, Ni and Mo elements, and the alloy cost is higher.
Chinese patent 201911086164.X discloses a wear-resistant steel plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the chemical components in percentage are as follows: 0.05-0.12% of C, 0.10-0.50% of Si, 1.00-1.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.015-0.025% of Nb0.50-0.90% of Cr0.50, 0.08-0.25% of Ni0.08-0.25% of Ti, 0.008-0.035% of Als, 0.015-0.040% of As, less than or equal to 0.04% of Sn, less than or equal to 0.005% of N, less than or equal to 0.003% of O, less than or equal to 0.0002% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The application of the patent adopts a low-C component system and Nb-Cr-Ni composite addition, which improves the wear resistance of the steel plate under the condition of ensuring that the steel plate has enough toughness, but still has the problem of higher alloy cost.
Chinese patent 201910124582.7 discloses a high-strength wear-resistant steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.41-0.59% of C, 0.31-0.58% of Si, 7.1-8.9% of MnP, less than or equal to 0.018% of P, less than or equal to 0.01% of S, 0.25-0.35% of Ti0.60-5.60% of Cr3.10-0.30% of ZrC, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; according to the application, 3.6-5.6% of Cr element is added on the basis of high manganese steel, so that the wear resistance of the material is further improved, but the problem of high alloy cost is also solved.
In the prior art of wear resistant steel production, there are major problems: the popularization and the application are influenced due to higher cost; in the conventional wear-resistant steel, in order to ensure weldability of the material, it is necessary to control the C content and carbon equivalent of the material, and at the same time, wear resistance of the material is improved by adding a large amount of alloy elements, and thus, the cost is excessively high. However, in the actual use of wear resistant steel, a large number of components are not required to be welded.
Therefore, there is a need for research and development of a steel for a wear resistant member having good wear resistance and low cost for non-welding use.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member and a method for manufacturing the same. The steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component has the advantages of good wear resistance and obviously reduced cost; the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component can be used for non-welding purposes, can replace the traditional plain carbon steel, low alloy steel and traditional wear-resistant steel, and can prolong the service life of the wear-resistant component for the non-welding purposes.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides steel for a non-welding wear-resistant component, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.95-1.25% of C, 0.60-1.0% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.015-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.005% of B, 0.025-0.045% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of V, 0.03-0.06% of Nb, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In some preferred embodiments, in the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member includes, in mass percent: 1.25% of C, 0.60% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.009% of P, 0.004% of S, 0.052% of Al, 0.005% of B, 0.042% of Ti, 0.09% of V, 0.052% of Nb and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In some embodiments, the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention has a microstructure including tempered martensite and granular cementite. By controlling the shape of the martensite and the size and distribution of the granular cementite, the good matching of the wear resistance and the toughness of the material can be improved.
In some embodiments, the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention has a thickness of 1.5 to 12 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and continuously casting to obtain a steel plate blank, and sequentially heating and hot rolling the steel plate blank to obtain a hot rolled plate;
sequentially carrying out air cooling and coiling on the hot rolled plate to obtain a steel coil;
sequentially flattening, straightening, transversely cutting, cutting and blanking the steel coil to obtain a steel plate;
sequentially carrying out quenching heating, oil quenching cooling, tempering heating and cooling on the steel plate to obtain the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component;
wherein, by mass percent, the steel slab comprises: 0.95-1.25% of C, 0.60-1.0% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.015-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.005% of B, 0.025-0.045% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of V, 0.03-0.06% of Nb, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In some preferred embodiments, in the method for producing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the steel slab comprises, in mass percent: 1.25% of C, 0.60% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.009% of P, 0.004% of S, 0.052% of Al, 0.005% of B, 0.042% of Ti, 0.09% of V, 0.052% of Nb and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the heating temperature during the heating of the steel slab is 1240-1280 ℃, preferably 1250 ℃.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the start rolling temperature of finish rolling is 1020-1080 ℃ and the finish rolling temperature of finish rolling is 850-890 ℃ in the hot rolling process;
in some preferred embodiments, in the method of manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the start rolling temperature of the finish rolling is 1060 ℃ and the finish rolling temperature of the finish rolling is 870 ℃ during the hot rolling.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant member, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1150 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of the rough rolling is 1000-1100 ℃.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the coiling temperature during coiling is 680 to 720 ℃, preferably 700 ℃.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component, the quenching heating temperature is 850-890 ℃ and the quenching heat preservation time is 30-40 min in the quenching heating process of the steel plate.
In some preferred embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the quenching heating temperature is 870 ℃ and the quenching holding time is 36min in the process of quenching and heating the steel plate.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, in the tempering and heating process, the tempering and heating temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the tempering and heat preservation time is 60-90 min;
in some preferred embodiments, in the method for preparing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the tempering heating temperature is 270 ℃ and the tempering holding time is 90min during the tempering heating process.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the thickness of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member is 1.5-12 mm.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the hot-rolled plate is cooled by cooling in the subsequent stage.
In some embodiments, in the method of manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the post-cooling includes: and (3) after the hot rolled plate is taken out of the finish rolling mill, firstly performing air cooling, and then opening laminar cooling water from the last group forward.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the cutting blanking process is performed by plasma cutting or laser cutting (to obtain a target steel plate shape).
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the method includes sequentially leveling, transversely cutting, and blanking the steel coil to obtain a steel plate, including: flattening, straightening and transversely cutting the steel coil to obtain a flattened steel plate; and (3) blanking the flattened steel plate by adopting plasma cutting or laser cutting (so as to obtain the shape of the target steel plate), thus obtaining the steel plate.
In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the quenching heating is performed by induction heating.
In some embodiments, in the method for producing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the oil quenching cooling includes: cooling to 18-31 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments, in the method for producing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the quenching medium is oil.
In some embodiments, in the method of producing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the cooling comprises: air cooling or furnace cooling.
The invention also provides the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component prepared by the preparation method.
The component system design idea of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component provided by the invention is mainly embodied as follows:
c: compared with the medium-low carbon component system of the wear-resistant steel in the prior art, the wear-resistant steel adopts the C content with higher content, and the wear resistance of the material is improved through the action of the C element in the heat treatment process. The steel provided by the invention is suitable for non-welding wear-resistant components, so that no specific requirements are required for C content and carbon equivalent, and the alloy cost can be greatly reduced by increasing the content of C element. The invention is based on the above by matching with the addition amount of other alloy elements and the technical characteristics of the heat treatment process. The content of C element is limited to 0.95-1.25%, preferably C1.25% by design thought and a large amount of optimization selection tests.
Si: the invention adopts high-content Si, on one hand, the overall strength level of the material is improved by adding Si element, and simultaneously, the invention is beneficial to leading the material to obtain a certain proportion of soft phase structure after heat treatment and improving the plasticity and toughness of the material. Based on the design thought and a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of the Si element is limited to 0.60-1.0%, and Si is preferably 0.60%.
Mn: manganese is a solid solution strengthening element, and the invention adopts lower Mn content to control the alloy cost. Because the C content is higher, and both C and Mn are elements easy to center segregate, the C and Mn are not easy to be added too high at the same time. Therefore, based on the design thought and a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of the Mn element is limited to 0.3-0.5%, and Mn is preferably 0.3%.
P: p is a harmful element, and is liable to cause brittleness in steel heat treatment, and should be reduced as much as possible. The invention strictly controls the content of the P element in the steel and reasonably mixes the P element with other alloy elements and C element, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the steel material. Based on the design thought and a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of the P element is limited to be less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and preferably to be 0.009 percent.
S: the S element has adverse effect on the performance of the steel material, the S content in the steel is strictly controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the S content is preferably controlled to be 0.004 percent, so that the toughness reduction caused by the temper brittleness of the S and the inclusion of Mn is avoided.
Al: al is a deoxidizing element, and the content of the Al element is limited to 0.015-0.06% based on a large amount of optimized selection tests, and Al is preferably 0.052%.
B: the addition of B element can improve the hardenability of the steel material, and the aim of not adding noble alloys such as Cr, Mo and the like is achieved by adding B, but the plasticity and toughness of the steel material are reduced by excessively high content of B. Based on a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of the B element is limited to 0.003-0.005%, and B is preferably 0.005%.
Ti: according to the invention, a small amount of Ti is added to form TiN or TiC, so that the strength of the steel material is improved while the austenite grains are refined. Based on a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of Ti element is limited to 0.025-0.045%, and Ti element content is preferably 0.042%.
Nb: according to the invention, a small amount of Nb element is added, and Nb carbide and Nb nitride are precipitated to pin the grain boundary, so that the strength and hardness of the material are improved. Based on a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of Nb element is limited to 0.03-0.06%, and Nb is preferably 0.052%.
V: the V element is a precipitation strengthening element and can improve the strength and hardness of the steel material. According to the invention, by adding a high content of V element, a large amount of V precipitates can be obtained in a hot rolling state of steel, and part of V precipitates can refine a heat treatment structure and remain in a final product, thereby improving the strength and hardness level of the steel material. Based on a large number of optimization selection tests, the content of the V element is limited to 0.05-0.10%, and V0.09% is preferred.
One or more technical embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component provided by the invention adopts a component system with high C content, high Si content and low Mn content, and the hardenability of the steel is improved by adding the B element; in addition, the comprehensive mechanical property of the steel is improved by adding certain amounts of Nb, V and Ti elements.
(2) The thickness of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant member is 1.5-12 mm, the tensile strength is greater than 1610MPa, the Brinell hardness is greater than 471, and the impact energy at-20 ℃ is greater than 54J.
(3) The wear resistance of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component provided by the invention reaches more than 2.84 times of that of 345B steel, can be used for non-welding purposes, can replace the traditional plain carbon steel, low alloy steel and traditional wear-resistant steel, and can prolong the service life of the wear-resistant component for the non-welding purposes.
(4) According to the preparation method of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component, provided by the invention, the full-flow organization control technology is adopted, and the grain size of the steel is controlled by controlling the temperatures of heating, rough rolling, finish rolling and coiling in the rolling stage, so that the fine, uniform and high-wear-resistance steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component is obtained, and meanwhile, the steel has the advantage of low cost.
(5) According to the preparation method of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component, provided by the invention, the temperature interval of the hot rolling stage is controlled, and a fine and uniform hot rolled plate with good plate shape quality is obtained; in addition, a proper tempering and heating process is adopted to ensure that the steel for the wear-resistant component with matching wear resistance and toughness is obtained.
(6) The structure of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component provided by the invention consists of tempered martensite and granular cementite. The invention adopts the lower tempering temperature of 250-300 ℃, so that the appearance of most martensite laths is kept, and the wear resistance of the steel material is greatly improved. In addition, the Nb, V and Ti elements are added and matched with the optimal production process, so that the morphology of a cementite structure is controlled, and the final product has good toughness.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a metallographic photograph of a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member prepared in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
the invention provides steel for a non-welding wear-resistant component, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.95-1.25% of C, 0.60-1.0% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.015-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.005% of B, 0.025-0.045% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of V, 0.03-0.06% of Nb0.03, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component, a component system with high C content, high Si content and low Mn content is adopted, and the B element is added to improve the hardenability of the steel; in addition, the comprehensive mechanical property of the steel is improved by adding certain amounts of Nb, V and Ti elements.
In some preferred embodiments, in the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member includes, in mass percent: 1.25% of C, 0.60% of Si, 0.3% of Mn0.009% of P, 0.004% of S, 0.052% of Al, 0.005% of B, 0.042% of Ti, 0.09% of V, 0.052% of Nb and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The invention further screens and optimizes the addition amount of the alloy elements, so that the comprehensive performance of the high-density steel obtained by the invention is obviously improved and reaches the best matching, and the alloy cost is obviously reduced.
In order to improve the strength, hardenability and wear resistance of the steel, the invention adopts a component system with high C content, high Si content and low Mn content, and further screens and optimizes the addition amount of each element, so as to obtain the steel with the optimal grain size for the non-welded wear-resistant component, and obviously improve the uniformity of the structure and the mechanical property.
In some embodiments, the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention has a thickness of 1.5 to 12 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and continuously casting to obtain a steel plate blank, and sequentially heating and hot rolling the steel plate blank to obtain a hot rolled plate;
sequentially carrying out air cooling and coiling on the hot rolled plate to obtain a steel coil;
sequentially flattening, straightening, transversely cutting, cutting and blanking the steel coil to obtain a steel plate;
sequentially carrying out quenching heating, oil quenching cooling, tempering heating and cooling on the steel plate to obtain the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component;
wherein, by mass percent, the steel slab comprises: 0.95-1.25% of C, 0.60-1.0% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.015-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.005% of B, 0.025-0.045% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of V, 0.03-0.06% of Nb, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
in some preferred embodiments, in the method for producing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the steel slab comprises, in mass percent: 1.25% of C, 0.60% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.009% of P, 0.004% of S, 0.052% of Al, 0.005% of B, 0.042% of Ti, 0.09% of V, 0.052% of Nb and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the heating temperature during the heating of the steel slab is 1240-1280 ℃, preferably 1250 ℃.
In the preparation method of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component, the heating temperature is 1240-1280 ℃, and preferably 1250 ℃; wherein, if the heating temperature is lower than 1240 ℃, the precipitates of the alloy elements can not be fully dissolved back, and the strength and the wear resistance of the final product can be reduced; if the heating temperature is higher than 1280 ℃, crystal grains are too coarse and will be inherited to subsequent processes, which may eventually reduce the properties of the steel material, and also may not contribute to the reduction of the strength and wear resistance of the final product.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, a start rolling temperature of finish rolling is 1020 to 1080 ℃ and a finish rolling temperature of finish rolling is 850 to 890 ℃ during the hot rolling.
The inventor finds out through a large number of experiments that if the finish rolling initial temperature is lower than 1020 ℃, the rolling force is increased, which is not beneficial to the smooth operation of hot continuous rolling and the control of the size and the shape of the strip steel; if the initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is higher than 1080 ℃, coarse grains can be caused, and the structure refinement of a final product is not facilitated; in addition, if the finishing temperature is lower than 850 ℃, the rolling force is increased, and the plate shape control is not facilitated; if the finish rolling temperature is higher than 890 ℃, coarsening of the structure is caused, thereby lowering the toughness of the final product.
According to the preparation method of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component, the initial rolling temperature of finish rolling and the final rolling temperature of finish rolling are optimally selected, so that the rolling continuity is ensured, the production efficiency is improved, the rolling load is reduced, and the energy is saved.
In some preferred embodiments, in the method of manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the start rolling temperature of the finish rolling is 1060 ℃ and the finish rolling temperature of the finish rolling is 870 ℃ during the hot rolling.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant member, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1150 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of the rough rolling is 1000-1100 ℃;
in the hot rolling process of the steel plate blank, the control precision of the rough rolling temperature and the finish rolling temperature directly influences the structure performance and the comprehensive performance of a final product. Aiming at the invention, on the basis of the design concepts of various alloy elements and the contents thereof, the inventor further optimizes and selects the most applicable preparation process parameters, particularly limits the optimization ranges of the finish rolling temperature of rough rolling and the finish rolling temperature of finish rolling, obviously improves the structural uniformity of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component, effectively reduces the oxidation degree of a steel slab and refines austenite grains.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the coiling temperature during coiling is 680 to 720 ℃, preferably 700 ℃.
In the coiling process, if the coiling temperature is lower than 680 ℃, the strength of the base material is improved, and the subsequent processing is not facilitated; if the curling temperature is higher than 720 ℃, a curling phenomenon is caused and the properties of the final product are low.
The invention adopts the coiling temperature of 680-720 ℃ and preferably 700 ℃ to ensure the shape of the hot rolled steel and reduce the residual stress.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component, the quenching heating temperature is 850-890 ℃ and the quenching heat preservation time is 30-40 min in the quenching heating process of the steel plate.
The quenching heating temperature adopted by the invention is 850-890 ℃, so that the steel material can be fully austenitized, and the performance index of the material can be improved; meanwhile, abnormal growth of partial austenite grains can be avoided, the reduction of strength index is avoided, and the defect of performance reduction of steel after heat treatment is improved. The quenching and heat preservation time is 30-40 min, so that the austenitizing process is fully carried out, and austenite grains with uniform sizes are formed.
In some preferred embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the quenching heating temperature is 870 ℃ and the quenching holding time is 36min in the process of quenching and heating the steel plate.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the tempering heating temperature is 250-300 ℃ and the tempering heat preservation time is 60-90 min in the tempering heating process.
In some preferred embodiments, in the method for preparing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the tempering heating temperature is 270 ℃ and the tempering holding time is 90min during the tempering heating process.
According to the core technical scheme, besides the component design of the steel, an accurate tempering temperature range is set, the tempering heating temperature is 250-300 ℃ and is preferably 270 ℃, so that the toughness of the steel material is further improved, the morphology of cementite is effectively controlled, and the high wear resistance of the steel material is ensured; wherein, if the tempering heating temperature is lower than 250 ℃, the toughness of the steel material is greatly reduced, and the steel material is easy to have brittle fracture phenomenon in the subsequent use process; if the tempering heating temperature is higher than 300 ℃, the strength and hardness of the steel material are greatly reduced, and the wear resistance is reduced. In addition, the tempering heat preservation time is 60-90 min, preferably 90min, so that the plastic toughness and the comprehensive performance of the steel are obviously improved.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member, the thickness of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member is 1.5-12 mm.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the hot-rolled plate is cooled by cooling in the subsequent stage. In the technical scheme, in the process of air cooling the hot rolled plate, a rear section cooling mode is adopted, so that on one hand, the control of the strip steel plate shape and the residual stress is facilitated, meanwhile, the coiling temperature can be accurately controlled, and the phenomenon that the performance of the coiled strip steel is too large in fluctuation is avoided.
In some embodiments, in the method of manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the post-cooling includes: and (3) after the hot rolled plate is taken out of the finish rolling mill, firstly performing air cooling, and then opening laminar cooling water from the last group forward.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the plasma cutting or the laser cutting is used in the cutting and blanking process, so that deformation and additional residual stress (to obtain a target shape) due to cutting heat can be avoided.
In some embodiments, in the method for manufacturing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the method includes sequentially leveling, transversely cutting, and blanking the steel coil to obtain a steel plate, including: flattening, straightening and transversely cutting the steel coil to obtain a flattened steel plate; and (3) blanking the flattened steel plate by adopting plasma cutting or laser cutting (to obtain a target shape), so as to obtain the steel plate.
In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the quenching heating is performed by induction heating. The induction heating can better obtain a fine quenched structure.
In some embodiments, in the method for producing a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to the present invention, the oil quenching cooling includes: cooling to 18-31 ℃.
The invention also provides the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component prepared by the preparation method.
The method for producing the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member described in the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples, and experimental data.
Examples
In the following embodiments 1 to 8, the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member is prepared by the steel preparation method for the non-welded wear-resistant member of the present invention;
firstly, smelting and continuously casting to obtain a steel plate blank, wherein the steel plate blank comprises the chemical components shown in the table 1 in percentage by mass;
secondly, the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component is prepared according to the following process, and the specific preparation process parameters of the embodiment are shown in tables 2 and 3:
sequentially heating and hot rolling the steel plate blank obtained in the first step to obtain a hot rolled plate; sequentially carrying out air cooling and coiling on the hot rolled plate to obtain a steel coil; sequentially flattening, straightening, transversely cutting, cutting and blanking the steel coil to obtain a steel plate; sequentially carrying out quenching heating, oil quenching cooling, tempering heating and cooling on the steel plate to obtain the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and hot rolling the steel plate blank to obtain a hot rolled plate;
wherein the heating temperature is 1240-1280 ℃; the initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 1020-1080 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of finish rolling is 850-890 ℃; the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1150 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1000-1100 ℃.
(2) Air cooling the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (1) in a rear-section cooling mode, and then coiling to obtain a steel coil;
wherein the back end cooling comprises: after the hot rolled plate is taken out of the finish rolling mill, firstly performing air cooling, and then opening laminar cooling water from the last group forward to obtain a steel coil;
the coiling temperature is 680-720 ℃.
(3) Flattening, straightening and transversely cutting the steel coil obtained in the step (2) to obtain a flattened steel plate; blanking the flattened steel plate by adopting plasma cutting or laser cutting (to obtain a target shape) to obtain the steel plate and obtain a steel plate;
(4) sequentially carrying out quenching heating (induction heating) and oil quenching cooling on the steel plate obtained in the step (3) to 18-31 ℃, carrying out tempering heating, and then carrying out air cooling or furnace cooling to obtain the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component;
wherein the quenching heating temperature is 850-890 ℃, and the quenching heat preservation time is 30-40 min; the tempering heating temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the tempering heat preservation time is 60-90 min.
Table 1: chemical components (%)
Serial number C Si Mn P S Alt Nb V Ti B Cr
Example 1 0.95 0.92 0.46 0.009 0.003 0.015 0.06 0.05 0.025 0.0030
Example 2 1.03 0.74 0.58 0.008 0.002 0.045 0.030 0.072 0.035 0.0034
Example 3 1.15 0.65 0.49 0.011 0.003 0.06 0.045 0.084 0.045 0.0043
Example 4 1.25 0.60 0.30 0.009 0.004 0.052 0.052 0.090 0.042 0.0050
Example 5 1.18 0.86 0.45 0.010 0.003 0.039 0.058 0.10 0.040 0.0050
Example 6 0.95 1.0 0.50 0.011 0.002 0.040 0.033 0.076 0.025 0.0045
Example 7 1.08 0.93 0.33 0.009 0.003 0.049 0.037 0.066 0.028 0.0039
Example 8 1.10 0.77 0.32 0.012 0.002 0.052 0.046 0.053 0.033 0.0046
Comparative example 1 0.17 0.21 1.12 0.014 0.009 0.025 -
Comparative example 2 0.20 0.30 1.15 0.010 0.002 0.038 0.025 0.0020 0.60
Table 2: preparation process parameters of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2 of the invention
Figure BDA0002712367010000141
Table 3: preparation process parameters of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2 of the invention
Figure BDA0002712367010000151
Mechanical property tests are respectively carried out on the steels for the non-welding wear-resistant members prepared in the embodiments 1 to 8 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 of the invention, and the comparison results are shown in table 4:
table 4: results of mechanical Property testing
Figure BDA0002712367010000152
The steels for the non-welded wear-resistant members prepared in the above examples 1 to 8 of the invention and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to wear resistance test. The test method comprises the following steps: the impact load is 10Kg, the abrasive material is quartz sand, the sand flow is 30Kg/h, and the impact time is 90 minutes; the weight of the sample of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member prepared in the embodiments 1 to 8 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 is measured to obtain the wear resistance of the weight loss characterization material. The test results are shown in Table 5:
table 5: abrasion resistance test results of products obtained in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 of the present invention
Serial number 90min weight loss/g
Q355B 1.211
Example 1 0.412
Example 2 0.404
Example 3 0.425
Example 4 0.387
Example 5 0.394
Example 6 0.411
Example 7 0.409
Example 8 0.399
Comparative example 1 1.228
Comparative example 2 0.743
As can be seen from tables 1-5: in the embodiments 1 to 8 of the invention, the steel for the non-welding member with low cost and high wear resistance is obtained through specific chemical component design and reasonable production process design. The thickness of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant member prepared by the preparation method is 1.5-12 mm, the tensile strength is greater than 1610MPa, the Brinell hardness is greater than 471, the impact energy at-20 ℃ is greater than 54J, and the wear resistance is more than 2.84 times that of the steel with the number of 345B.
The test results of the steels in the comparative examples 1-2 show that the wear resistance of Q355B is far from that of the examples 1-8 of the invention; comparative examples 1 to 2 show that the wear resistance of the common wear-resistant steel is also significantly different from that of examples 1 to 8 of the present invention.
Example 9: tempering heating temperature process optimization experiment in preparation method
The influence of the tempering heating temperature of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component on the wear resistance and the toughness of the steel material is examined:
the method comprises the following steps: the operation was carried out according to the procedure shown in example 4 of the present invention, except that the tempering heating temperature was 150 ℃ and the tempering holding time was 60 min.
The method 2 comprises the following steps: the operation was carried out according to the procedure of example 4 of the present invention, except that the tempering heating temperature was 320 ℃ and the tempering holding time was 120 min.
The method 3 comprises the following steps: the operation was carried out according to the procedure of example 4 of the present invention except that the tempering heating temperature was 230 ℃ and the tempering holding time was 30 min.
The method 4 comprises the following steps: the operation was carried out according to the procedure of example 4 of the present invention except that the tempering heating temperature was 350 ℃ and the tempering holding time was 100 min.
The method 5 comprises the following steps: embodiment 4 of the invention;
the method 6 comprises the following steps: example 6 of the invention;
the method 7 comprises the following steps: embodiment 8 of the present invention;
the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6: effect of tempering heating temperature on wear resistance and toughness of Steel Material in the present invention
Investigation item Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Method 4 Method 5 Method 6 Method 7
90min weight loss/g 0.397 0.907 0.401 0.9867 0.412 0.404 0.387
Brinell hardness 471 307 479 256 506 471 497
Toughness (-20 ℃ shock work) 17 42 34 68 76 63 61
As can be seen by comparing methods 1-7: through the screening of the 7 tempering heating temperatures and the heat preservation time, the wear resistance and the toughness of the steel materials obtained by the methods 1 to 4 are found to be unsatisfactory. And the wear resistance and toughness of the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member obtained by the methods 5 to 7 are remarkably improved.
Through the screening test, the tempering heating temperature is finally determined to be 250-300 ℃, and the tempering heat preservation time is 60-90 min; the tempering heating temperature is preferably 270 ℃, and the tempering heat preservation time is 90 min; thereby obtaining the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component with obviously improved wear resistance and toughness and realizing good technical effect.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member produced in example 4 of the present invention. The structure of the obtained steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component consists of tempered martensite and granular cementite. The invention adopts the lower tempering temperature of 250-300 ℃, so that the appearance of most martensite laths is kept, and the wear resistance of the steel material is greatly improved. In addition, the Nb, V and Ti elements are added and matched with the optimal production process, so that the morphology of a cementite structure is controlled, and the final product has good toughness.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. A steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member, characterized by comprising, in mass percent: 0.95-1.25% of C, 0.60-1.0% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.015-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.005% of B, 0.025-0.045% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of V, 0.03-0.06% of Nb, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
the preparation method of the steel for the non-welding wear-resistant component comprises the following steps:
smelting and continuously casting to obtain a steel plate blank, and sequentially heating and hot rolling the steel plate blank to obtain a hot rolled plate;
sequentially carrying out air cooling and coiling on the hot rolled plate to obtain a steel coil;
sequentially flattening, straightening, transversely cutting, cutting and blanking the steel coil to obtain a steel plate;
sequentially carrying out quenching heating, oil quenching cooling, tempering heating and cooling on the steel plate to obtain the steel for the non-welded wear-resistant component;
in the hot rolling process, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1150 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of the rough rolling is 1000-1100 ℃; the initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 1020-1080 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of finish rolling is 850-890 ℃;
in the tempering and heating process, the tempering and heating temperature is 250-300 ℃.
2. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1, characterized by comprising, in mass percent: 1.25% of C, 0.60% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.009% of P, 0.004% of S, 0.052% of Al, 0.005% of B, 0.042% of Ti, 0.09% of V, 0.052% of Nb and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
3. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating temperature during heating of the steel slab is 1240 to 1280 ℃.
4. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 3, wherein the heating temperature is 1250 ℃.
5. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coiling temperature during coiling is 680 to 720 ℃.
6. The steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the quenching and heating process of the steel plate, the quenching and heating temperature is 850-890 ℃, and the quenching and heat preservation time is 30-40 min.
7. The steel for the non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tempering heat-insulating time is 60 to 90min during the tempering heating.
8. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tempering heating is performed at a tempering heating temperature of 270 ℃ and a tempering holding time of 90 min.
9. The steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the steel for a non-welded wear-resistant member is 1.5 to 12 mm.
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CN107779577A (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-09 鞍钢股份有限公司 Gardening tool steel with excellent processability and production method thereof
CN107849650A (en) * 2015-07-16 2018-03-27 日新制钢株式会社 Fibre machinery part steel plate and its manufacture method
CN109680122A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-26 江苏利淮钢铁有限公司 A kind of hub bearing steel and its manufacturing method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60141832A (en) * 1983-12-29 1985-07-26 Nippon Steel Corp Production of hot rolled round steel having excellent wear resistance
CN107849650A (en) * 2015-07-16 2018-03-27 日新制钢株式会社 Fibre machinery part steel plate and its manufacture method
CN105937007A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-09-14 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 Super wear-resistant steel with hardness not smaller than 400 HBW and production method
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