CN112300762A - Medium-low temperature composite phase change material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medium-low temperature composite phase change material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112300762A CN112300762A CN202011161002.0A CN202011161002A CN112300762A CN 112300762 A CN112300762 A CN 112300762A CN 202011161002 A CN202011161002 A CN 202011161002A CN 112300762 A CN112300762 A CN 112300762A
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- DGLRDKLJZLEJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O DGLRDKLJZLEJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([S-])(=O)=O PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZPIRTVJRHUMMOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 ZPIRTVJRHUMMOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- BDKLKNJTMLIAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1,3-oxazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2OC=C(C=O)N=2)=C1 BDKLKNJTMLIAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940087562 sodium acetate trihydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZUDYPQRUOYEARG-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);dihydroxide;octahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] ZUDYPQRUOYEARG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic phase change materials, and particularly discloses a medium-low temperature composite phase change material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the medium-low temperature composite phase change material consists of an organic phase change material, an emulsifier, a thickener, an inorganic salt material, a nucleating agent and expanded graphite powder, and the prepared composite phase change material has excellent stability, thermal conductivity and energy storage and has the advantage of high latent heat value; the method can be widely applied to the technical fields of heating engineering, solar energy utilization, waste heat utilization and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic phase-change materials, and particularly relates to a medium-low temperature composite phase-change material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of society, the demand of human beings on energy is increasing day by day, but the supply and the demand of energy have strong timeliness, and the energy can not be reasonably utilized in many cases, thereby leading to the waste of a large amount of energy. If the heat generated in the industrial process is not utilized and wasted, a large amount of waste heat is lost when the heat needs to be supplied. The heat storage material can store heat or cold energy and release the energy when needed, so that the waste heat lost in the industrial production process can be well utilized.
The heat storage is one of the key technologies for improving the energy utilization efficiency, and the heat storage modes are divided into 3 types: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, and chemical reaction storage. The sensible heat storage technology has certain application limitation due to small heat storage density and large volume of a heat storage device. The heat storage of chemical reaction has the defects of complicated chemical reaction process, large one-time investment, low overall efficiency and the like, and a plurality of problems need to be solved before large-scale application only in a small-scale test stage at present. The latent heat storage technology has the advantages of large heat storage density, stable phase change temperature and the like, and has wide application prospects in various fields of solar heat utilization, waste heat recovery, electric power peak load shifting, heat management systems, building energy conservation and the like. Latent heat energy storage is an effective method for fully utilizing clean energy such as solar energy, and the used energy storage phase change material has the characteristics of high latent heat storage density, basically unchanged temperature during phase change and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of clean energy application.
For the phase change heat storage material, there should be a large phase change heat. The phase change material may be classified into an organic type, an inorganic type, and a composite phase change material according to the type of the material. The inorganic phase change material has high energy storage density, small volume change during phase change and low cost, and mainly comprises hydrates of salts such as halides, sulfates, phosphates, nitrates, acetates, carbonates and the like of alkali and alkaline earth metals. However, such materials are easy to generate supercooling and phase separation phenomena in the phase change process, and the supercooling-preventing agent and the phase separation-preventing agent are required to be added to enhance the stability and prolong the service life. Compared with inorganic phase change materials, the organic phase change material has the outstanding advantages of no supercooling and precipitation phenomena, stable performance and capability of adjusting the phase change temperature by mixing different phase change materials, but has the defects of small heat conductivity coefficient, small density, poor heat storage capacity per unit volume and the like. Typical organic phase change materials are: paraffin, fatty acids, polyhydric alcohol phase change materials and the like have the defects of leakage, low heat conductivity coefficient, partial medium temperature products with large supercooling degree and the like in practical application.
The composite phase-change heat storage material can improve or solve the defects of organic or inorganic energy storage phase-change materials, and in the prior art of the existing composite phase-change materials, fatty acid is often used as a main phase-change material, so that the prepared finished product has the defects of poor heat storage capacity per unit volume and low latent heat of energy storage; in addition, in part of the prior art, the addition of corrosive raw materials such as chloride can cause the phase change material to have corrosivity in the practical application process, and the problems of leakage and the like are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a medium-low temperature composite phase change material and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of supercooling, phase separation, short service life and the like of an inorganic phase change material in the phase change process, overcome the defects of small heat conductivity coefficient, small density, namely poor heat storage capacity per unit volume and the like of an organic phase change material in the actual use process, and have the excellent effects of excellent latent heat storage performance per unit volume, good heat conductivity, long service life and the like.
The specific technical scheme of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material and the preparation method thereof is as follows:
the medium-low temperature composite phase change material is characterized by comprising the following components:
organic phase-change material, emulsifier, thickener, inorganic salt material, nucleating agent and expanded graphite powder.
Preferably, the components are weighed according to the following parts by weight:
45-70 parts of organic phase change material, 0.25-2 parts of emulsifier, 0.3-2 parts of thickener, 45-70 parts of inorganic salt material, 0.5-5 parts of nucleating agent and 0.5-5 parts of expanded graphite powder.
Preferably, the organic phase change material is prepared by compounding any one or two of formamide, paraffin, hexadecanol, octadecanol, octadecanoic acid, lauric acid and palmitic acid according to the proportion of 1-2: 1-5.
Preferably, the emulsifier is one or any two of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, stearic acid emulsifier, peregal O-20, span-80 and tween-80, and the emulsifier is compounded according to the proportion of 1-7: 1-7.
Preferably, the thickener is any one of gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum and urea.
Preferably, the inorganic salt material is any one of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate and calcium chloride hexahydrate.
Preferably, the nucleating agent is any one or any two of borax, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate and sodium silicate which are compounded according to the proportion of 1-5: 1-5.
The preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the inorganic salt material, the thickening agent and the nucleating agent according to the parts by weight in the claim 2, mixing, grinding, placing in a container, sealing, heating at the temperature of 10-20 ℃ above the melting point, keeping the temperature unchanged after heating to be completely melted, magnetically stirring for 20-30 min, adding the emulsifying agent according to the parts by weight, continuously heating and magnetically stirring to obtain the inorganic phase-change material A;
(2) weighing the organic phase change material according to the weight part in the claim 2, placing the organic phase change material in a container, heating the organic phase change material to be completely melted at a temperature of 10-20 ℃ above the melting point, magnetically stirring the organic phase change material for 15-20 min, adding the emulsifier in the weight part, continuously heating the organic phase change material and magnetically stirring the mixture for 10-15 min to obtain an organic phase change component B;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 30-40 min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, continuously magnetically stirring for 10-15 min, taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the medium-low temperature composite phase change material finished product.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirring in the steps (1) to (3) is 300-600 r/min.
In the medium-low temperature composite phase change material, the inorganic salt material is dispersed in the organic continuous phase in the form of fine liquid drops, and is matched with the emulsifier, so that the interfacial tension of an inorganic phase and an organic phase is changed, the modification reaction is avoided, the characteristics of the organic phase change material and the inorganic phase change material are maintained, and the medium-low temperature composite phase change material is formed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention discloses a medium-low temperature composite phase change material and a preparation method thereof. The performance of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material is tested for one week in a circulating way, the supercooling degree of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material is less than 0.2 ℃, and the medium-low temperature composite phase change material is free of layering phenomenon after being recycled for 3-5 months, and has the advantages of excellent stability, thermal conductivity and energy storage and high latent heat value;
(2) the medium-low temperature composite phase change material disclosed by the invention is low in raw material cost, simple in preparation process, wide in application range, excellent in performance and capable of being widely applied to the technical fields of heating engineering, solar energy utilization, waste heat utilization and the like.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Example 1
A medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
organic phase-change material, emulsifier, thickener, inorganic salt material, nucleating agent and expanded graphite powder.
45 parts of organic phase change material, 0.25 part of emulsifier, 0.3 part of thickener, 45 parts of inorganic salt material, 1 part of nucleating agent and 0.5 part of expanded graphite powder;
wherein the organic phase change material is formamide;
the emulsifier is polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether;
the thickening agent is gelatin;
the inorganic salt material is sodium acetate trihydrate;
the nucleating agent is borax;
the preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the sodium acetate trihydrate, the gelatin and the borax in parts by weight, mixing and grinding, placing in a container, sealing and heating at a temperature of 10 ℃ above the melting point of the sodium acetate trihydrate, heating until the sodium acetate, the gelatin and the borax are completely melted, keeping the temperature unchanged, magnetically stirring for 30min, adding 0.2 part by weight of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, continuously heating and magnetically stirring to obtain an inorganic phase change material A, wherein the stirring speed of the magnetic stirring is 300 r/min;
(2) weighing the formamide in parts by weight, placing the formamide in a container, heating the formamide at the temperature until the formamide is completely melted, magnetically stirring the formamide for 15min, then adding the 0.05 part by weight of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, continuously heating the formamide and magnetically stirring the formamide for 15min to obtain an organic phase change component B, wherein the stirring speed of the magnetic stirring is 350 r/min;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 30min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, continuously magnetically stirring for 10min, wherein the stirring speed of the magnetic stirring is 400r/min, taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the finished product of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material.
Example 2
A medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 parts of organic phase change material, 2 parts of emulsifier, 2 parts of thickener, 70 parts of inorganic salt material, 5 parts of nucleating agent and 5 parts of expanded graphite powder;
wherein the organic phase change material is paraffin;
the emulsifier is peregal O-20;
the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
the inorganic salt material is sodium sulfate decahydrate;
the nucleating agent is disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate;
the preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the sodium sulfate decahydrate, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate in parts by weight, mixing and grinding, placing in a container, sealing and heating at a temperature of 20 ℃ above the melting point of the sodium sulfate decahydrate, heating until the sodium sulfate decahydrate, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate are completely melted, keeping the temperature unchanged, magnetically stirring for 20min, adding 1 part by weight of peregal O-20, continuously heating and magnetically stirring to obtain an inorganic phase change material A, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 400 r/min;
(2) weighing the organic phase change material in parts by weight, placing the organic phase change material in a container, heating the organic phase change material at the temperature until the organic phase change material is completely melted, magnetically stirring the organic phase change material for 20min, then adding 1 part by weight of peregal O-20, and continuously heating and magnetically stirring the mixture for 15min to obtain an organic phase change component B, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 450 r/min;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 40min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, and continuously magnetically stirring for 15min, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 350r/min, taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the finished product of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material.
Example 3
A medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of organic phase change material, 1.5 parts of emulsifier, 1.8 parts of thickener, 60 parts of inorganic salt material, 0.5 part of nucleating agent and 3.5 parts of expanded graphite powder;
wherein the organic phase change material is octadecanol;
the emulsifier is span-80;
the thickening agent is xanthan gum;
the inorganic salt material is barium hydroxide octahydrate;
the nucleating agent is sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate;
the preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, the xanthan gum and the sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate in parts by weight, mixing and grinding, placing in a container, sealing and heating at a temperature of 15 ℃ above the melting point of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, heating until the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, the xanthan gum and the sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate are completely melted, keeping the temperature unchanged, magnetically stirring for 18min, adding 1 part by weight of span-80, continuously heating and magnetically stirring to obtain an inorganic phase change material A, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 300 r/min;
(2) weighing the organic phase change material in parts by weight, placing the organic phase change material in a container, heating the organic phase change material at the temperature until the organic phase change material is completely melted, magnetically stirring the mixture for 17min, then adding 0.5 part by weight of span-80, and continuously heating and magnetically stirring the mixture for 12min to obtain an organic phase change component B, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 600 r/min;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 35min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, and continuously magnetically stirring for 13min, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 500 r/min;
and taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the finished product of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that: the organic phase change material is lauric acid, the emulsifier is tween-80, the thickener is urea, the inorganic salt material is barium hydroxide octahydrate, the nucleating agent is sodium silicate, and the rest of the technical contents are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 5
This example differs from example 2 in that: the organic phase change material is stearic acid, the emulsifier is stearic acid emulsifier, the thickener is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the inorganic salt material is calcium chloride hexahydrate, the nucleating agent is formed by compounding borax and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate according to the proportion of 1:5, and the rest technical contents are the same as those of the embodiment 2.
Example 6
This example differs from example 3 in that: the organic phase change material is palmitic acid, the emulsifier is formed by compounding polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and a stearic acid emulsifier according to the proportion of 1:7, the thickener is urea, the inorganic salt material is sodium sulfate decahydrate, the nucleating agent is formed by compounding disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate and sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate according to the proportion of 4:1, and the rest technical contents are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Example 7
A medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
65 parts of organic phase change material, 1.2 parts of emulsifier, 1.3 parts of thickener, 60 parts of inorganic salt material, 4 parts of nucleating agent and 4 parts of expanded graphite powder;
the organic phase change material is prepared by compounding formamide and hexadecanol according to the proportion of 2: 5;
the emulsifier is prepared by compounding peregal O-20 and span-80 according to the proportion of 7: 1;
the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
the inorganic salt material is sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate;
the nucleating agent is prepared by compounding disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate and sodium silicate according to the proportion of 5: 1;
the preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the nucleating agent in parts by weight, mixing and grinding, placing in a container, sealing and heating at the heating temperature of 12 ℃ above the melting point of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, heating until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the nucleating agent are completely melted, keeping the temperature unchanged, magnetically stirring for 18min, adding the 0.2 part by weight of the emulsifier, continuously heating, and magnetically stirring to obtain an inorganic phase-change material A, wherein the magnetic stirring speed is 350 r/min;
(2) weighing the organic phase change material in parts by weight, placing the organic phase change material in a container, heating the organic phase change material at the temperature until the organic phase change material is completely melted, magnetically stirring the organic phase change material for 16min, adding 1 part by weight of the emulsifier, continuously heating the organic phase change material and magnetically stirring the mixture for 14min to obtain an organic phase change component B, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 400 r/min;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 38min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, and continuously magnetically stirring for 12min, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 550 r/min;
and taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the finished product of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material.
Example 8
A medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
55 parts of organic phase change material, 1.0 part of emulsifier, 1.5 parts of thickener, 50 parts of inorganic salt material, 4 parts of nucleating agent and 2 parts of expanded graphite powder;
the organic phase change material is prepared by compounding lauric acid and palmitic acid according to the proportion of 1: 1;
the emulsifier is prepared by compounding polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and tween-80 according to the proportion of 5: 3;
the thickening agent is gelatin;
the inorganic salt material is sodium sulfate decahydrate;
the nucleating agent is prepared by compounding borax and sodium silicate according to the proportion of 2: 3;
the preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the sodium sulfate decahydrate, the gelatin and the nucleating agent in parts by weight, mixing and grinding, placing in a container, sealing and heating at a temperature of 17 ℃ above the melting point of the sodium sulfate decahydrate, keeping the temperature unchanged after heating to be completely melted, magnetically stirring for 28min, adding the 0.5 part by weight of the emulsifier, continuously heating and magnetically stirring to obtain an inorganic phase-change material A, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 400 r/min;
(2) weighing the organic phase change material in parts by weight, placing the organic phase change material in a container, heating the organic phase change material at the temperature until the organic phase change material is completely melted, magnetically stirring the organic phase change material for 16min, adding the 0.5 part by weight of the emulsifier, continuously heating the organic phase change material and magnetically stirring the mixture for 15min to obtain an organic phase change component B, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 350 r/min;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 25min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, and continuously magnetically stirring for 10min, wherein the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 600 r/min; and taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the finished product of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material.
Performance testing
Performing a heating-cooling cycle test performance test on the medium-low temperature composite phase change material prepared in the embodiment 1-8, wherein the test temperature range is 20-70 ℃, and the cycle test is performed for 200 times;
and (3) testing results:
(1) the medium-low temperature composite phase change material has a first phase change at a temperature of 57-66 ℃ and a second phase change at a temperature of 20-35 ℃; the first phase change is that the organic phase change material in the composite phase change material is subjected to phase change, and the second phase change is that the eutectic of the organic phase material and the inorganic phase material of the composite phase change material is subjected to phase change; the distance between the two phase change points is short, and the device can continuously supply heat for a long time in a specific scene when being applied to practice;
(2) according to the low-temperature composite phase change material, through emulsification of the emulsifier, part of the organic phase change material and hydrated salt form a eutectic, the organic phase change material releases heat firstly in a heat release stage, and then the organic phase and inorganic phase eutectic releases heat, at the moment, the heat release curve is stable, no supercooling degree or the supercooling degree is less than 0.2, and the heat release time is long;
(3) in the performance test process, the medium-low temperature composite phase change material has no layering phenomenon, the supercooling degree is always kept low, the stability is good, and the latent heat storage capacity is obvious.
Claims (9)
1. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material is characterized by comprising the following components:
organic phase-change material, emulsifier, thickener, inorganic salt material, nucleating agent and expanded graphite powder.
2. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the components are weighed according to the following parts by weight:
45-70 parts of organic phase change material, 0.25-2 parts of emulsifier, 0.3-2 parts of thickener, 45-70 parts of inorganic salt material, 0.5-5 parts of nucleating agent and 0.5-5 parts of expanded graphite powder.
3. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material according to claim 2, wherein: the organic phase change material is prepared by compounding any one or two of formamide, paraffin, hexadecanol, octadecanol, octadecanoic acid, lauric acid and palmitic acid according to the proportion of 1-2: 1-5.
4. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material according to claim 2, wherein: the emulsifier is prepared by compounding any one or two of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, stearic acid emulsifier, peregal O-20, span-80 and tween-80 according to the proportion of 1-7: 1-7.
5. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material according to claim 2, wherein: the thickener is any one of gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum and urea.
6. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material according to claim 2, wherein: the inorganic salt material is any one of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate and calcium chloride hexahydrate.
7. The medium-low temperature composite phase change material according to claim 2, wherein: the nucleating agent is prepared by compounding any one or two of borax, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate and sodium silicate according to the proportion of 1-5: 1-5.
8. The preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing the inorganic salt material, the thickening agent and the nucleating agent according to the parts by weight in the claim 2, mixing and grinding, placing in a container for sealing and heating at the heating temperature of 10-20 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged after heating to completely melt, magnetically stirring for 20-30 min, adding the emulsifying agent according to the parts by weight, continuously heating and magnetically stirring to obtain the inorganic phase-change material A;
(2) weighing the organic phase change material according to the weight part in the claim 2, placing the organic phase change material in a container, heating the container at 10-20 ℃ until the organic phase change material is completely melted, magnetically stirring the mixture for 15-20 min, adding the emulsifier in the weight part, continuously heating the mixture, and magnetically stirring the mixture for 10-15 min to obtain an organic phase change component B;
(3) slowly adding the organic phase change component B in the step (2) under the condition of keeping the temperature of the inorganic phase change material A in the step (1) unchanged, magnetically stirring for 30-40 min, adding the expanded graphite powder in parts by weight, continuously magnetically stirring for 10-15 min, taking out the obtained mixture, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain the medium-low temperature composite phase change material finished product.
9. The preparation method of the medium-low temperature composite phase change material according to claim 8, characterized in that: and (3) the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring in the steps (1) to (3) is 300-600 r/min.
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