CN112298235B

CN112298235B - U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield and railway vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112298235B
Application number: CN202011271533.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林霖; 毛开楠; 徐刚; 高宝杰
Original assignee: Central South University; CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: Central South University; CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-13
Filing date: 2020-11-13
Publication date: 2022-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-13
Also published as: CN112298235A

Abstract

The invention discloses a U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield and a rail vehicle, wherein the outer windshield comprises a front windshield, a rear windshield, a front mounting seat and a rear mounting seat, the front windshield is connected with the front mounting seat, the rear windshield is connected with the rear mounting seat, the U-shaped capsules of the front windshield and the rear windshield are respectively provided with a straight wall part which is bilaterally symmetrical and an arc-shaped part which is positioned between the tops of the straight wall parts, the straight wall parts comprise a bottom part with gradually reduced thickness, a middle part with unchanged thickness and a top part with gradually reduced side thickness from the inner side, the arc-shaped parts of the front windshield comprise a first arc-shaped front end and an arc-shaped boss section, and the arc-shaped boss section of the front windshield is contacted with the arc-shaped boss section of the rear windshield in a concave-convex coupling mode. This outer windshield can realize the smooth-going connection of adjacent automobile body headwall, improves outer windshield lateral deformation rigidity, reduces the windshield vibration, reduces vehicle driving resistance, reduces passenger train room noise, improves product life.

Description

U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield and railway vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to a U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield of a railway vehicle. The invention also relates to a railway vehicle provided with the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield.

Background

The rubber outer windshield structure of the high-speed train is used as an important component of the high-speed train and is arranged at the joint of the end parts of the two carriages, so that the surface of the train body is smooth and smooth, and the rubber outer windshield structure plays an important role in reducing drag and noise of the high-speed train. And the rubber outer windshield has better flexible deformation capacity, and can provide displacement between the two carriages when a train passes through a curve.

The application of the outer windshield is relatively early in Japan, France, Germany and other countries, the development speed of the outer windshield structure in China is rapid, the reliability and the applicability of the structure are stably developed from the rubber outer windshield with the independent skirt plate type structure of the CRH1 of the high-speed motor train unit to the full-covered rubber outer windshield structure of the current Chinese standard motor train unit, and the performance of the rubber material used by the outer windshield is greatly improved.

At present, the outer wind shields of domestic and foreign high-speed trains mainly adopt a U-shaped capsule rubber outer wind shield structure, and common structural forms comprise apron board type outer wind shields, full-wrapping type outer wind shields, corrugated type outer wind shields, sound insulation outer wind shields and the like.

For example, CN 111114567 a discloses a rubber structure for a windshield of a motor vehicle, which has an annular shape with a hollow inner cavity, and the cross section of the annular hollow inner cavity located at the left and right sides includes: the connecting part is used for connecting with a carriage; the supporting surface is provided with two oppositely arranged surfaces and is used for being connected with two ends of the connecting part respectively; a contact surface connected with the support surface, the outer surface of which is S-shaped.

For another example, CN 110435691 a discloses an outer windshield of a rail vehicle with a wavy sealing surface, wherein the outer windshield has better sealing performance and improved air tightness compared with a windshield bladder of a common structure, and the outer windshield is formed by a pre-compression double seal formed by a double-crest windshield bladder with opposite vehicle ends or a pre-compression double seal formed by embedding opposite single crests into double crests.

Due to the continuous improvement of the running speed of the train, the pneumatic load action of the outer windshield is more and more complex, and the pneumatic response problem of the outer windshield of the high-speed train caused by the aerodynamic action is more and more obvious, the outer windshield arranged on two sides of the end wall of the train body of the rail vehicle mainly adopts rubber materials, although the basic function of the windshield can be realized, the following aspects are to be improved and promoted:

first, under the same working environment, its strength, rigidity and fatigue resistance are much lower than those of metal materials. When a train runs at a high speed, the rubber outer windshield structure is easy to deform under the action of the pneumatic load, and the excitation frequency of the pneumatic load is close to the natural frequency of the structure, so that the resonance phenomenon is easy to cause, the vibration of the structure is aggravated, and the service life of the rubber outer windshield structure is short. In the existing research, the independent skirt plate type rubber outer windshield structure of the CRH1 motor train unit has a pneumatic response problem in the use process, when the running speed of a train reaches more than 200km/h, the rubber outer windshield is turned outwards along the direction vertical to the surface of the train body, the severe turning-out degree and the surface of the train body form an included angle of 45 degrees, and the independent skirt plate type structure outer windshield structure is continuously turned outwards and flexed, and even has a fracture phenomenon. Similarly, the problems caused by wind pressure load also occur in the process of the research on optimizing the outer windshield of the motor train unit FASTECH360S, and the upwarp phenomenon of the outer windshield occurs when the running speed of the train reaches more than 300 km/h.

Secondly, due to the particularity of the installation position of the outer windshield, the structure of the outer windshield deforms and vibrates under the action of pneumatic load, so that the pneumatic force at the connecting part of the end part of the carriage is unevenly distributed, and the running stability of the train and the safety of the structure of the outer windshield are seriously affected.

Moreover, when the outer wind shield is subjected to large outward turning and flexing, a large gap is formed between the two vehicle bodies, so that the vehicle end connection of the vehicle bodies is discontinuous, certain driving resistance exists, and the dynamic performance of vehicle operation is influenced. More importantly, the gap between the outer windshields of the car body is increased, the vibration of the windshields is accelerated, and huge noise generated by pneumatic load is transmitted into a passenger car room through the gap, so that the comfort of passengers is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield. This outer windshield can realize the smooth-going connection of adjacent automobile body headwall, improves outer windshield lateral deformation rigidity, reduces the windshield vibration, reduces vehicle driving resistance, reduces passenger train room noise, improves product life.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle provided with the U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type outer windshield.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a U-shaped capsule female and male coupling type outer windshield, comprising a front windshield and a rear windshield for being disposed between adjacent vehicle body ends, and a front mounting seat and a rear mounting seat which are respectively fixed at the end parts of adjacent vehicle bodies, the front windshield is connected with the front mounting seat, the rear windshield is connected with the rear mounting seat, the cross sections of the front windshield and the rear windshield are in a U-shaped capsule shape, the U-shaped capsule shapes of the front windshield and the rear windshield are respectively provided with straight wall parts which are symmetrical left and right and arc parts positioned between the tops of the straight wall parts, the straight wall part comprises a bottom part with gradually reduced thickness, a middle part with constant thickness and a top part with gradually reduced side thickness from the inner side, the arc-shaped part of the front windshield comprises a first arc-shaped front end and an arc-shaped boss section, and the arc-shaped part of the rear windshield comprises a second arc-shaped front end and an arc-shaped concave section; the arc-shaped boss section of the front windshield is in contact with the arc-shaped concave section of the rear windshield in a concave-convex coupling mode.

Preferably, the front windshield and the rear windshield are annularly arranged around the periphery of the end wall of the vehicle body, and the profile of the outer contour of the front windshield and the profile of the outer contour of the rear windshield are consistent with the profile of the end wall of the vehicle body and smoothly transited at the corners.

Preferably, the U-shaped capsule of the front and rear windshield has different rigidity and hardness at each part; the rigidity of the straight wall part and the rigidity of the arc-shaped boss section of the front windshield are higher than the rigidity of the first arc-shaped front end of the front windshield, and the rigidity of the straight wall part of the front windshield is higher than the rigidity of the first arc-shaped front end and the rigidity of the arc-shaped boss section of the front windshield; the rigidity of the straight wall part and the rigidity of the arc-shaped concave table section of the rear windshield are higher than the rigidity of the second arc-shaped front end of the rear windshield, and the rigidity of the straight wall part of the rear windshield is higher than the rigidity of the second arc-shaped front end and the rigidity of the arc-shaped concave table section of the rear windshield.

Preferably, the middle part of the straight wall part has equal thickness, and the thickness of the straight wall part is 12 mm-24 mm; the top of the straight wall part is gradually thinned to 6-12 mm from the inner side surface, and the outer side surface is always an integral plane; the thickness of the first arc-shaped front end and the second arc-shaped front end is 6-12 mm, the outer side surfaces of the first arc-shaped front end and the second arc-shaped front end are tangent to the straight wall surface, and the inner side surfaces of the first arc-shaped front end and the second arc-shaped front end are in smooth transition with the top of the straight wall part.

Preferably, the thicknesses of the arc-shaped boss section and the arc-shaped concave section are respectively consistent with the thicknesses of the first arc-shaped front end and the second arc-shaped front end, and the arc radius of the arc-shaped boss section and the arc radius of the arc-shaped concave section are 1/3-2/3 of the arc radius of the first arc-shaped front end and the arc radius of the second arc-shaped front end.

Preferably, the arc-shaped boss section and the arc-shaped concave section are embedded with semicircular reinforcing rings at the center positions in the thickness direction.

Preferably, the bottom mounting sections of the straight wall portions of the front windshield and the rear windshield are isosceles trapezoids.

Preferably, the front windshield and the front mounting seat as well as the rear windshield and the rear mounting seat are respectively matched with an inverted isosceles trapezoid mounting groove at the mounting seat through an isosceles trapezoid mounting section at the bottom end of the windshield to form a moving pair, and the mounting sections sequentially and gradually penetrate through the mounting grooves to be connected with the mounting seat.

Preferably, the front mounting seat and the rear mounting seat are respectively distributed annularly along the outer contour of the end wall of the vehicle body and comprise four straight line segments and four arc line segments, and a bolt hole is formed in the bottom end face of each mounting seat and is connected with the end wall of the vehicle body through a bolt.

Preferably, the front windshield and the rear windshield are one whole piece around the outer contour of the vehicle body, and only one seam is formed.

Preferably, the joint positions of the front windshield and the rear windshield are both located at the edge of a straight line section at the bottom end of the mounting seat, and the joints of the front windshield and the rear windshield are staggered with each other and are respectively located on the left side and the right side.

In order to achieve the above another object, the present invention provides a rail vehicle, which includes a plurality of car bodies connected end to end in sequence, wherein a windshield is disposed between end portions of the car bodies, and the windshield is a U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield according to any one of the above technical solutions.

When the coupling-type motor train unit is used, the coupling-type motor train unit is arranged between two ends of adjacent motor train units, after each motor train unit is connected and grouped, the arc-shaped boss sections and the arc-shaped concave section of the outer wind shields of the adjacent motor train units can be automatically embedded and matched to form coupling contact, so that gaps among the motor train units are zero in the axial direction (namely the length direction of the motor train), the minimum outer cross section profiles of the two outer wind shields are slightly different from the cross section profiles of the motor train units after the coupling contact, and arc transition is realized, so that the connection smoothness of the motor train unit at the train end can be realized, the running resistance is reduced, and the aerodynamic performance of the motor train unit is improved. And the concave-convex coupling contact of the two adjacent vehicle body outer windshields is realized, the contact section forms a structure similar to a tenon-and-mortise structure, the lateral rigidity of the two windshields is improved, the lateral wind load resistance between the two windshields is improved, the lateral deformation and the swing frequency of the windshields in the driving process are reduced, and the service life of the windshields is prolonged. Meanwhile, the cambered surfaces of the front edges of the two outer windshields in the axial direction are in concave-convex coupling and are mutually extruded, and a sealing isolation effect can be formed, so that the noise of a passenger car room is reduced, and the comfort of passengers is improved.

In addition, the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type windshield is an outer windshield of the train body, smooth transition between the train bodies is realized through concave-convex coupling contact of the front arc surface step surface of the outer windshield, the two windshields are not fixedly connected with each other, and the motor train unit is convenient to separate and combine.

The railway vehicle provided with the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield has the technical effects, so that the railway vehicle provided with the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield also has the corresponding technical effects.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial view of a U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type outer windshield according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front windshield shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rear windshield shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a view B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a front mount and a rear mount;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the front windshield to the front mount;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the rear windshield to the rear mount;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the coupling of the curved land and curved groove segments of the front and rear windshields.

In the figure:

1. front windshield 11, bottom 12, middle 13, top 14, first arc front end 15, arc boss section 2, rear windshield 21, bottom 22, middle 23, top 24, second arc front end 25, arc boss section 3, front mounting seat 4, rear mounting seat 5, reinforcing ring 6, bolt hole 7, mounting groove

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In this document, terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" and the like are established based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and the corresponding positional relationships may vary depending on the drawings, and therefore, they are not to be construed as absolute limitations on the scope of protection; moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.

According to the windshield structure designed according to the functions and the characteristics of the windshield, the geometric structure and the appearance contour of the windshield are optimized through a simulation or experiment method, and the structural mechanical response of the windshield under the typical condition of vehicle operation is analyzed, so that the windshield structure meets the requirements of simple and attractive appearance and easy manufacture under the condition of meeting the basic performance of resistance reduction and noise reduction; meanwhile, the method considers the road and the pneumatic load spectrum when the vehicle actually runs, analyzes and predicts and optimizes the fatigue life of the windshield, and prolongs the service life of the windshield.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is an axial view of a U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type outer windshield according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front windshield shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view A-A of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rear windshield shown in FIG. 1; fig. 5 is a view B-B of fig. 4.

As shown in the figure, in one specific embodiment, the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type rubber outer windshield provided by the invention is used for smooth connection between two adjacent passenger car chamber ends of a high-speed railway vehicle, and comprises a rubber front windshield 1 and a rubber rear windshield 2 which are fully wrapped along the contour of the passenger car chamber ends, and a front mounting seat 3 and a rear mounting seat 4 which are respectively fixed at the ends of the two adjacent passenger car chambers and are closed along the contour of the passenger car chamber ends.

The front windshield 1 is a U-shaped rubber-bag outer windshield, the overall cross section of the outer windshield is in a U-shaped rubber-bag type, the rigidity and hardness of each section of the U-shaped cross section are optimally designed according to functions, the straight wall part of the U-shaped cross section comprises a trapezoidal bottom 11 with gradually reduced thickness, a middle 12 with unchanged thickness and a top 13 with gradually reduced thickness from the inner side, and the arc-shaped section comprises a first arc-shaped front end 14 and an arc-shaped boss section 15.

The rear windshield 2 is a U-shaped rubber capsule concave table outer windshield, the overall cross section appearance of the outer windshield is in a U-shaped rubber capsule type, the rigidity and hardness of each section of the U-shaped cross section are optimally designed according to functions, the straight wall part of the U-shaped cross section comprises a trapezoidal bottom 21 with gradually reduced thickness, a middle part 22 with unchanged thickness and a top part 23 with gradually reduced thickness from the inner side, and the arc section comprises a second arc front end 24 and an arc concave table section 25.

The installation sections at the bottoms of the straight wall parts of the front windshield 1 and the rear windshield 2 are designed in an isosceles trapezoid shape, so that the rigidity of the bottom of the windshield can be enhanced, meanwhile, the matched installation between the windshield and the installation seat can be ensured, the

middle parts

12 and 22 of the straight wall parts are equal in thickness, the thickness is 12-24 mm, the

tops

13 and 23 of the straight wall parts are gradually thinned to 6-12 mm from the inner side surfaces, the outer side surfaces are always integral planes, the wind resistance coefficient is ensured to be small, the rigidity can be gradually reduced, and the flexibility and the deformation required by the deformation of part of the windshield are provided.

The thickness of the first arc-shaped front end 14 and the second arc-shaped front end 24 is 6-12 mm, the thickness is small, the rigidity is weak, the deformability is strong, the main deformation flexibility can be provided when the windshield bears, the outer side face of the first arc-shaped front end is tangent to the outer side face of the straight wall part, a force transmission path can be optimized when the windshield bears, the situation that local damage is serious due to stress concentration is avoided, and the inner side face of the first arc-shaped front end and the inner side face of the top of the straight wall part are in smooth transition.

The thicknesses of the arc-shaped boss section 15 and the arc-shaped concave section 25 of the arc-shaped front edge of the windshield are consistent with the thicknesses of the first arc-shaped front end 14 and the second arc-shaped front end 24, and the arc radiuses of the arc-shaped boss section 15 and the arc-shaped concave section 25 are 1/3-2/3 of the first arc-shaped front end 14 and the second arc-shaped front end 24 respectively.

The cross sections of the outer windshields are consistent, simple and symmetrical, extrusion molding of the rubber outer windshields can be realized, large-scale production is easy to realize, the efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is saved.

The semicircular reinforcing rings 5 are embedded in the center positions of the arc-shaped boss sections 15 and the arc-shaped concave table sections 25 in the thickness direction, after the vehicles are connected and grouped, the concave and convex parts of the two outer windshields are coupled and contacted, the reinforcing rings 5 embedded in the contact parts provide contact rigidity between the two concave and convex parts, the surface rubber layers provide sealing performance of contact surfaces, sealing effect and strength are ensured, drag reduction and noise reduction of the vehicles are finally achieved, aerodynamic performance of the motor train unit is improved, coupling contact rigidity of the two windshields is increased, lateral deformation of the windshields is reduced, and coupling contact air tightness of the outer windshields is improved.

When the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type windshield structure is designed, the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type windshield structure is reasonably optimized according to the functions and the characteristics of each section of the U-shaped section, the rigidity and the hardness of the bottom parts 11 and 21 of the straight wall parts are higher, so that the windshield has higher rigidity and bearing capacity, and the large outward turning and bending are avoided during large wind load, instant axial pressure and unbalance load; the rigidity and the hardness of the first arc-shaped front end 14 and the second arc-shaped front end 24 are moderate, so that the windshields have better flexible deformation capacity, the freedom degree of each section of the train body is ensured at positions with an excessively small curve radius, turnouts and the like, smooth connection of adjacent windshields can be realized, and the resistance reduction and noise reduction performance of the motor train unit is greatly improved; the arc-shaped boss section 15 and the arc-shaped concave section 25 are used as key parts for coupling and contacting the two outer windshields, the rigidity is high, the hardness is moderate, the contact rigidity and the sealing performance of the concave-convex coupling sections of the two windshields are ensured, and the coupling and contacting performance and the use reliability of the two outer windshields are improved.

Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a front mounting seat and a rear mounting seat; FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the front windshield to the front mount; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the rear windshield to the rear mount.

As shown in the figure, preceding mount pad 3 and back mount pad 4 form the closure along car end profile, and the bottom of preceding mount pad 3 and back mount pad 4 is equipped with bolt hole 6 to through bolt and automobile body headwall zonulae occludens, it is simple and convenient, guarantee that both connect reliably, be invert isosceles trapezoid cross-section mounting groove 7 with the cooperation installation department of rubber windscreen, the windscreen forms the removal pair with the mount pad cooperation, the windscreen erection section gradually passes mounting groove 7 in proper order and can realize the cooperation installation with the mount pad. The operation is simple and convenient, the installation efficiency is high, the front windshield 1 and the rear windshield 2 are respectively a whole piece around the outer contour of the vehicle body, only one seam is formed, and the sealing and sound insulation effects of the windshields are guaranteed.

The front mounting seat 3 and the rear mounting seat 4 are respectively composed of four straight line segments and four arc line segments, the sectional type mounting seat can be conveniently processed and manufactured, the production cost is saved, and meanwhile, the installation connection of a windshield and the mounting seat is facilitated.

The front windshield 1 and the rear windshield 2 are respectively installed on the end wall of the vehicle body through the front installation seat 3 and the rear installation seat 4, the joint positions are all located on the straight line segment edge of the bottom end of the installation seat, and the joints of the front windshield and the rear windshield are respectively located on the left side and the right side, so that the joints of the two windshields are automatically staggered, the joints cannot be in mutual contact, and the contact rigidity and the sealing performance of the windshields near the joints are guaranteed. Meanwhile, the connecting cable of the adjacent vehicle bodies is generally positioned at the bottom of the vehicle body, and for installation and maintenance of the linked vehicle, only the bolts of the mounting seats on straight line sections (arc line sections) at the bottom are required to be removed, and the windshield at the installation and maintenance section is separated from the end wall of the vehicle body by utilizing the integral flexibility of the rubber windshield, so that the vehicle can be conveniently installed and maintained, and the operation and maintenance efficiency of the vehicle is improved.

After the train bodies of the motor train unit are connected and hung, the front windshield and the rear windshield of the adjacent train bodies are in mutual contact, the arc-shaped boss section 15 and the arc-shaped concave table section 25 are matched with each other to form coupling contact, and the two windshield are in contact without relative lateral displacement through the embedded rigidity enhancing ring, so that the overall lateral rigidity of the two windshields is enhanced, the gap between the train bodies is zero, and the smooth connection of the train end of the whole motor train unit is realized.

The front windshield and the rear windshield at the vehicle end are made of high-quality rubber, the rigidity of the front windshield and the rear windshield is optimized through the geometric dimension of the cross section of the windshield and the inner inserts, so that the windshield has excellent axial deformation capacity and smaller lateral deformation, the freedom degree of each section of a vehicle body can be ensured at the positions with the undersized curve radius, the turnout and the like, and the curve passing performance of the vehicle is improved. The windshield lateral rigidity is increased, the vibration frequency is reduced, the service life of the product is prolonged, the concave-convex coupling contact surface of the front end surfaces of the two windshields is made of rubber materials, the air tightness of the contact of the two windshields is guaranteed, the noise transmission can be reduced, and the comfort of passengers in a passenger car room is improved.

As shown in fig. 9, the outer windshield of the motor train unit provided by the invention is installed on two sides of the end wall of the motor train unit body, the outer windshield is a concave-convex coupling type rubber-covered outer windshield, the overall cross section appearance of the outer windshield is in a U-shaped capsule type, the rigidity and hardness of each section of the U-shaped cross section are optimally designed according to functions, the arc-shaped step surfaces at the front edges of the adjacent outer windshields of the motor train unit are contacted, and the outer windshield is annularly arranged around the periphery of the end wall of the motor train unit body, so that the outline profile of the windshield is consistent with the profile of the end wall of the motor train unit body; the front side of the arc-shaped end surface of the outer windshield is provided with an arc-shaped boss section 15, the front side of the arc-shaped end surface of the outer windshield matched with the arc-shaped boss section is provided with an arc-shaped concave section 25, and the two outer windshields are respectively arranged on the outer side of the end wall of the vehicle body to realize concave-convex coupling contact of the arc-shaped surfaces of the front sides of the adjacent outer windshields, so that the two windshields are in surface contact, the contact area is increased, and the contact rigidity is enhanced

By the design, the outer windshield of the high-speed train adopts a U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling structure, and compared with an outer windshield structure in the background technology, the technical characteristics can refer to the following table.

TABLE 1

In addition to the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type external windshield, the invention also provides a railway vehicle, which can be a motor train unit or a high-speed train, and the railway vehicle comprises a plurality of sections of train bodies which are sequentially connected end to end, wherein the windshield is arranged between the end parts of the adjacent train bodies, is the U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type external windshield described above, and is related to other structures of the railway vehicle, please refer to the prior art, and the details are not repeated herein.

The U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type external windshield and the rail vehicle provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A U-shaped capsule male-female coupling type external windshield comprising a front windshield (1) and a rear windshield (2) for being arranged between adjacent vehicle body ends, and a front mount (3) and a rear mount (4) for being fixed to the adjacent vehicle body ends, respectively, the front windshield (1) being connected to the front mount (3), and the rear windshield (2) being connected to the rear mount (4), characterized in that the cross sections of the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) are in a U-shaped capsule shape, the U-shaped capsule shapes of the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) each have a straight wall portion and an arc portion between tops of the straight wall portions, the straight wall portions including a bottom portion (11, 21) with gradually reduced thickness, a middle portion (12, 22) with constant thickness, and a top portion (13) with gradually reduced thickness from inside, starting from an open end, 23) The arc-shaped part of the front windshield (1) comprises a first arc-shaped front end (14) and an arc-shaped boss section (15), and the arc-shaped part of the rear windshield (2) comprises a second arc-shaped front end (24) and an arc-shaped boss section (25); the arc-shaped boss section (15) of the front windshield (1) is in contact with the arc-shaped concave table section (25) of the rear windshield (2) in a concave-convex coupling mode; each part of the U-shaped capsule shape of the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) has different rigidity and hardness; the rigidity of the straight wall part and the arc-shaped boss section (15) of the front windshield (1) is higher than that of the first arc-shaped front end (14) of the front windshield (1), and the rigidity of the straight wall part of the front windshield (1) is higher than that of the first arc-shaped front end (14) and the arc-shaped boss section (15); the rigidity of the straight wall part and the arc-shaped concave platform section (25) of the rear windshield (2) is higher than that of the second arc-shaped front end (24), and the rigidity of the straight wall part of the rear windshield (2) is higher than that of the second arc-shaped front end (24) and the arc-shaped concave platform section (25).

2. The U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type external windshield according to claim 1, wherein the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) are annularly arranged around the periphery of the end wall of the vehicle body, and the profile of the outer contour of the two is consistent with the profile of the end wall of the vehicle body and is smoothly transited at the corner.

3. U-shaped capsule positive and negative coupling outer windshield according to claim 1, wherein the middle portions (12, 22) of the straight wall portions are of equal thickness, ranging from 12mm to 24 mm; the tops (13, 23) of the straight wall parts are gradually thinned to 6-12 mm from the inner side surfaces, and the outer side surfaces are always integral planes; the thickness of the first arc-shaped front end (14) and the second arc-shaped front end (24) is 6-12 mm, the outer side surface of the first arc-shaped front end is tangent to the straight wall surface, and the inner side surface of the first arc-shaped front end is in smooth transition with the top of the straight wall part.

4. The U-shaped capsule positive and negative coupled outer windshield according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the arcuate land section (15) and the arcuate groove section (25) is consistent with the thickness of the first arcuate front end (14) and the second arcuate front end (24), respectively, and the radius of the arc is 1/3-2/3 of the radius of the arc of the first arcuate front end (14) and the second arcuate front end (24).

5. The U-shaped capsule positive and negative coupling type outer windshield according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped boss section (15) and the arc-shaped boss section (25) are embedded with semicircular reinforcing rings (5) at the center position in the thickness direction thereof.

6. A U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type external windshield according to claim 1, wherein bottom mounting sections of straight wall portions of the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) are isosceles trapezoids.

7. The U-shaped capsule concave-convex coupling type external windshield according to claim 6, wherein the front windshield (1) and the front mounting seat (3) as well as the rear windshield (2) and the rear mounting seat (4) are respectively matched with an inverted isosceles trapezoid mounting groove (7) at the bottom end of the windshield to form a moving pair, and the mounting sections sequentially and gradually penetrate through the mounting groove (7) to be connected with the mounting seat.

8. The U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type external windshield according to claim 1, wherein the front mounting seat (3) and the rear mounting seat (4) are respectively distributed annularly along the outer contour of the vehicle body end wall and comprise four straight line segments and four arc line segments, and a bolt hole (6) is formed in the bottom end face of each mounting seat so as to be connected with the vehicle body end wall through a bolt.

9. A U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type external windshield according to claim 8, characterized in that the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) are one piece around the external contour of the vehicle body, and have only one seam.

10. The U-shaped capsule male and female coupling type outer windshield according to claim 9, wherein the joint positions of the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) are both located at the straight line edge of the bottom end of the installation seat, and the joints of the front windshield (1) and the rear windshield (2) are mutually staggered and are respectively located at the left side and the right side.

11. A rail vehicle comprising a plurality of vehicle bodies connected end to end in sequence, a windshield being provided between the end portions of the adjacent vehicle bodies, wherein the windshield is the U-shaped capsule male-female coupling type outer windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 10.