CN112297545B - Thermoplastic automotive interior part and preparation mold and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Thermoplastic automotive interior part and preparation mold and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112297545B
CN112297545B CN202011107584.4A CN202011107584A CN112297545B CN 112297545 B CN112297545 B CN 112297545B CN 202011107584 A CN202011107584 A CN 202011107584A CN 112297545 B CN112297545 B CN 112297545B
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China
Prior art keywords
automotive interior
preparation
skin
thermoplastic
mold
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CN202011107584.4A
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CN112297545A (en
Inventor
袁瑞建
汪洋
陈蓬勃
杨蕾
杨正高
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Guangdong Jushi composite material Co.,Ltd.
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Polyrocks Chemical Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011107584.4A priority Critical patent/CN112297545B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/123830 priority patent/WO2022077552A1/en
Publication of CN112297545A publication Critical patent/CN112297545A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoplastic automotive interior part, and a preparation mold and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation mold comprises an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate which are arranged oppositely to form an inner mold cavity, the lower mold plate is provided with a telescopic air needle and a vacuum suction hole communicated with the inner mold cavity, and the telescopic air needle can extend into the inner mold cavity. The invention can prepare the finished product of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part by one-step compression molding, has simple preparation process, high production efficiency and environment-friendly preparation process, and does not need to use an adhesive. The core material of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part is a foam core material or a thermoplastic honeycomb structure core material, so that the lightweight effect is achieved. The interior structure of the thermoplastic automotive interior part can be freely designed, products with the same thickness or different thicknesses can be produced according to requirements, and the product folding function can be realized through one-step die pressing. The thermoplastic automotive interior part can be recycled, and has the advantages of light weight, good sound insulation effect and large bearing capacity.

Description

Thermoplastic automotive interior part and preparation mold and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of automotive interior parts, and particularly relates to a thermoplastic automotive interior part, and a preparation mold and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The mold pressing is compression molding, which is also called compression molding, and is a processing method for molding a product by heating and pressurizing plastic or rubber compound in a closed mold cavity. The mould pressing has the advantages of low processing cost, good product repeatability, convenience for realizing automatic production, capability of forming products with complex structures at one time and the like, and is widely applied to processing products such as clothes and hat rooms, ceilings, pedals and the like at present.
Nowadays, the trunk apron of high bearing car mainly uses PHC wet process paper honeycomb panel as the main, and the epilogue need spout to glue and bordures, and the preparation process is complicated, and the smell is big, and VOC exceeds standard easily, and glass fiber has the hourglass risk, and glass fiber leaks easily and arouses skin allergy, and the unable recycle of material is accomplished to the unable once-through processing of the function of rolling over moreover. If other foam core glass fiber reinforced composite boards such as PP honeycomb boards, hexagonal honeycomb glass fiber boards, round hole honeycomb glass fiber boards and the like are used, the composite boards are baked, softened and pressed to be formed, the internal structure of the product cannot be freely designed, and the product is not suitable for preparing products with complex vehicle body space and different requirements on thickness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a thermoplastic automotive interior part, and a preparation mold and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a preparation mould of thermoplasticity automotive interior spare, its includes cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, the cope match-plate pattern with die cavity in the lower bolster opposition formation, be equipped with on the lower bolster telescopic gas needle and with the vacuum plastic uptake hole of interior die cavity intercommunication, telescopic gas needle can stretch into to interior die cavity. Therefore, the die can realize the preparation of the thermoplastic automotive upholstery by one-step compression molding through vacuum forming and blow molding principles, and greatly simplifies the preparation process of the automotive upholstery.
Preferably, the lower template comprises at least two sections, and the heights of the adjacent sections are different. Therefore, the mold can be used for preparing the thermoplastic automotive interior trim parts with different thicknesses by one-step compression molding.
Preferably, a bent connection is provided between adjacent sections. Therefore, the folding lines can be reserved among the parts with different thicknesses of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part, and the automotive interior trim part can realize the folding function.
Preferably, each of the sections is provided with the telescopic air needle and the vacuum suction hole.
Preferably, cooling water passages are arranged inside the upper template and the lower template. Therefore, cooling water can be introduced into the upper template and the lower template for cooling.
The invention also provides a thermoplastic automotive interior part which is prepared by adopting the preparation mold of the thermoplastic automotive interior part, the thermoplastic automotive interior part comprises a core material and a skin wrapping the core material, and the skin consists of an upper skin and a lower skin.
Preferably, a decorative fabric layer is further arranged on the surface of the upper surface skin.
Preferably, the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part is of a sandwich structure with different thicknesses, the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part is provided with at least two core materials, and the thicknesses of the adjacent core materials are different.
Preferably, a metal support frame is arranged between the adjacent core materials. The metal support frame can improve the bearing capacity of the automotive interior trim part.
Preferably, the core material is made of a thermoplastic material, which may be selected from polyolefin materials. If the core material with the honeycomb structure is formed by plasticizing and extruding polyolefin materials or formed by foaming and forming the core material with the corresponding structure, the core material with the structure has light weight, and the automotive interior trim part can be lightened.
Preferably, the upper skin and the lower skin can be made of extruded skins made of polyolefin materials, extruded skins made of fiber reinforced polyolefin materials, or pressed skins blended by polypropylene fibers and glass fibers. Preferably, the thicknesses of the upper epidermis and the lower epidermis are respectively 1-5 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the thermoplastic automotive interior part is 5-30 mm.
Preferably, the decorative fabric layer is made of materials capable of realizing thermal compounding, such as non-woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, leather and the like. Therefore, glue spraying processing is not needed subsequently, and one-time compression molding is carried out.
Preferably, the thermoplastic automotive interior part is a trunk cover plate, a spare tire cover plate, a ceiling or a pedal plate and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the thermoplastic automotive interior part, which comprises the following steps of carrying out compression molding by using a preparation mold of the thermoplastic automotive interior part:
(1) heating and baking the upper surface skin and the lower surface skin;
(2) placing the lower surface skin on a lower template, vacuumizing to enable the lower surface skin to be tightly attached to a mold cavity of the lower template, and then opening a telescopic air needle to penetrate through the lower surface skin;
(3) according to the thickness requirement of the product, the core material with the corresponding thickness is placed on the lower surface skin;
(4) placing the upper surface skin on the core material, and placing the decorative fabric layer on the upper surface skin;
(5) and (3) closing the mold, blowing, cooling and shaping, cutting off the rim charge, evacuating, stopping blowing, evacuating the needle, opening the mold and taking the part to obtain the thermoplastic automotive interior part.
Preferably, in the step (1), an infrared non-contact oven is used for baking and heating the upper surface skin and the lower surface skin, the heating temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the heating time is 30-60 s.
Preferably, in the step (2), the vacuum pressure for vacuumizing is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
Preferably, when the thermoplastic automotive interior part is a sandwich structure with different thicknesses, the step (3) further comprises the following operations: a metal support frame is placed between adjacent core materials.
Preferably, in the step (5), the pressure maintaining pressure of the mold closing is 18-25 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-180 s; the pressure of the air blowing is 0.5-0.8 Mpa, and the air blowing time is 30-180 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can prepare the finished product of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part by one-step compression molding, has simple preparation process, high production efficiency and environment-friendly preparation process, and does not need to use an adhesive. The core material of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part is a foam core material or a thermoplastic honeycomb structure core material, so that the lightweight effect is achieved. The interior structure of the thermoplastic automotive interior part can be freely designed, products with the same thickness or different thicknesses can be produced according to requirements, and the product folding function can be realized through one-step die pressing. The interior of the thermoplastic automotive interior part can be added with a metal support frame, so that the bearing capacity of the product is improved, and the existing high-bearing PHC wet paper honeycomb is replaced. The thermoplastic automotive interior part prepared by the invention can be recycled, and has the advantages of light weight, good sound insulation effect and large bearing capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thermoplastic automotive interior trim component according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the thermoplastic automotive upholstery in a molded state according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an upper template; 2. a lower template; 3. a connecting portion; 21. vacuum plastic sucking holes; 22. a telescopic air needle; a. decorating the fabric layer; b. an upper epidermis; c. a lower epidermis; d. a front end core material; e. a rear end core material; f. a metal support frame; g. and (6) folding the lines.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the invention, the used materials and the connection mode are all the existing materials or the existing conventional connection if the materials and the connection mode are not particularly indicated, and the technical personnel in the field can directly purchase or order from the market according to the required product model and specification.
Example 1
A thermoplastic automotive interior part comprises a core material and a skin wrapping the core material, wherein the skin consists of an upper skin and a lower skin, and a decorative fabric layer is arranged on the surface of the upper skin. The thermoplastic automotive interior part of the embodiment is of a sandwich structure with unequal thickness, the thermoplastic automotive interior part is provided with at least two core materials with unequal thickness, and a metal support frame can be arranged between the adjacent core materials. The core material is made of thermoplastic material, the thermoplastic material can be selected from polyolefin material, for example, the polyolefin material is plasticized and extruded to form the core material with a honeycomb structure or the core material with a corresponding structure is formed by foaming, the core material with the structure has light weight, and the light weight of the automotive interior trim part can be realized. The upper skin and the lower skin can be made of extruded skins made of polyolefin materials, extruded skins made of fiber reinforced polyolefin materials, or pressed skins blended by polypropylene fibers and glass fibers; the thicknesses of the upper epidermis and the lower epidermis are respectively 1-5 mm; the total thickness of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part is 5-30 mm. The decorative fabric layer is made of materials capable of realizing thermal compounding, such as non-woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, leather and the like; therefore, glue spraying processing is not needed subsequently, and one-time compression molding is carried out. The thermoplastic automotive interior part of the embodiment is a trunk cover plate, a spare tire cover plate, a ceiling, a pedal plate or the like.
Example 2
A preparation mold for a thermoplastic automotive interior part is shown in figure 2 and comprises an upper template 1 and a lower template 2, wherein the upper template 1 and the lower template 2 are oppositely arranged to form an inner mold cavity. The lower template is provided with at least two sections, the heights of the adjacent sections are different, and a bent connecting part 3 is arranged between the adjacent sections. Therefore, the thermoplastic automotive interior part with different thicknesses can be prepared by one-time compression molding, and the turning lines are reserved among the parts with different thicknesses of the thermoplastic automotive interior part through the connecting parts 3, so that the automotive interior part can realize the turning function. In addition, each section is provided with a telescopic air needle 22 and a vacuum suction hole 21, the vacuum suction hole 21 is communicated with the inner cavity, and the telescopic air needle 22 can extend into the inner cavity. The insides of the upper template 1 and the lower template 2 are provided with cooling water passages, so that the insides of the upper template 1 and the lower template 2 can be filled with cooling water for cooling.
Example 3
The method of making the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part of example 1 using the mold of example 2, comprises the steps of:
(1) placing the upper surface skin and the lower surface skin in an infrared non-contact oven, and heating and baking for 30-60 s at 200-300 ℃;
(2) placing the lower surface skin on a lower template, vacuumizing until the vacuum pressure is 0.1-0.5 Mpa, enabling the lower surface skin to be tightly attached to a mold cavity of the lower template, and opening a telescopic air needle to penetrate through the lower surface skin after 1-2 s;
(3) according to the thickness requirement of the product, core materials with corresponding thickness are placed on the lower surface skin, and the metal support frame is placed between the adjacent core materials;
(4) placing the upper surface skin on the core material, and placing the decorative fabric layer on the upper surface skin;
(5) closing the mold, blowing, cooling and shaping, cutting off the rim charge, evacuating, stopping blowing, evacuating the needle, opening the mold and taking out the part to obtain the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part; the pressure maintaining pressure of the die assembly is 18-25 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-180 s; the pressure of the air blowing is 0.5-0.8 Mpa, and the air blowing time is 30-180 s.
Example 4
A preparation method of a thermoplastic automobile spare tire cover plate with different thicknesses comprises the step of carrying out compression molding by using the preparation mold in example 2, and is shown in figures 1-2. The core material of the spare tire cover plate is a PP foaming core which is 20 times of that of the spare tire cover plate, the thickness of a front end core material d is 12mm, the thickness of a rear end core material e is 20mm, and an H-shaped aluminum alloy support frame f is arranged between the front end core material d and the rear end core material e; the upper surface skin b and the lower surface skin c are made of PP-TD20 material and have the thickness of 1.2 mm; the decorative fabric layer a covering the surface of the upper skin b is 200g/m2PET non-woven fabric. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the upper surface skin and the lower surface skin in an infrared non-contact oven, and heating and baking for 30s at 260 ℃;
(2) placing the lower skin on a lower template, vacuumizing to the vacuum pressure of 0.3Mpa to enable the lower skin to be tightly attached to a mold cavity of the lower template, and opening a telescopic air needle to penetrate the lower skin after 2 s;
(3) placing a core material with the thickness of 20mm on the lower surface skin at the rear end, placing a core material with the thickness of 12mm on the lower surface skin at the front end, and placing an H-shaped aluminum alloy support frame at the fold line;
(4) placing the upper surface skin on the core material, and placing the decorative fabric layer on the upper surface skin;
(5) closing the mold up and down, blowing, cooling and shaping by cooling water at 10 ℃, and cutting off rim charge; the pressure maintaining pressure of the die assembly is 18MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60 s; the blowing pressure is 0.6Mpa, and the blowing time is 60 s;
(6) and (5) removing the vacuum, stopping blowing, removing the air needle, opening the mold and taking out the spare tire cover plate.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The preparation method of the thermoplastic automotive interior part is characterized in that the thermoplastic automotive interior part is a trunk cover plate, a spare tire cover plate, a ceiling or a pedal plate; the preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out compression molding on a preparation mold of the thermoplastic automotive interior trim part; the preparation mold comprises an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate, the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate are arranged oppositely to form an inner mold cavity, a telescopic air needle and a vacuum suction hole communicated with the inner mold cavity are arranged on the lower mold plate, and the telescopic air needle can extend into the inner mold cavity; the lower template comprises at least two sections, the heights of the adjacent sections are different, a bent connecting part is arranged between the adjacent sections, each section is provided with the telescopic gas needle and the vacuum plastic-absorbing hole, and cooling water passages are arranged in the upper template and the lower template; the thermoplastic automotive interior comprises a core material and a skin wrapping the core material, wherein the core material is made of a thermoplastic material, the skin is composed of an upper skin and a lower skin, a decorative fabric layer is further arranged on the surface of the upper skin, the thermoplastic automotive interior is of a sandwich structure with unequal thickness, the thermoplastic automotive interior is provided with at least two core materials, the thicknesses of the adjacent core materials are unequal, and a metal support frame is arranged between the adjacent core materials;
the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) heating and baking the upper surface skin and the lower surface skin;
(2) placing the lower surface skin on a lower template, vacuumizing to enable the lower surface skin to be tightly attached to a mold cavity of the lower template, and then opening a telescopic air needle to penetrate the lower surface skin;
(3) according to the thickness requirement of the product, the core material with the corresponding thickness is placed on the corresponding inner die cavity;
(4) placing the upper surface skin on the core material, and placing the decorative fabric layer on the upper surface skin;
(5) and (3) closing the mold, blowing, cooling and shaping, cutting off the rim charge, evacuating, stopping blowing, evacuating the needle, opening the mold and taking the part to obtain the thermoplastic automotive interior part.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the upper skin and the lower skin are baked and heated by an infrared non-contact oven at a temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 30-60 s.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the clamping pressure is 18 to 25MPa, and the holding time is 30 to 180 s; the pressure of the air blowing is 0.5-0.8 MP a, and the air blowing time is 30-180 s.
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