CN112296114B - Preparation device of rail transit aluminum alloy material - Google Patents

Preparation device of rail transit aluminum alloy material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112296114B
CN112296114B CN202011059729.8A CN202011059729A CN112296114B CN 112296114 B CN112296114 B CN 112296114B CN 202011059729 A CN202011059729 A CN 202011059729A CN 112296114 B CN112296114 B CN 112296114B
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Prior art keywords
discharging
aluminum alloy
fixedly connected
gear
alloy material
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CN112296114A (en
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陈智斌
蒋会阳
林建华
付平
谢芳
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Hunan Hengjia New Material Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Hengjia New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/006—Gas treatment of work, e.g. to prevent oxidation or to create surface effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C33/00—Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/93—Toxic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2267/00—Multiple filter elements specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2267/40—Different types of filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2267/00—Multiple filter elements specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2267/60—Vertical arrangement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation device of a rail transit aluminum alloy material, which comprises a base (1), an extruder body (2), a discharging mechanism (8), a heating mechanism (9), a smoke exhaust mechanism (10), a discharging pipe (7), a forming die (6), a mounting plate (4) and a hydraulic mechanism (5). The discharging pipe (7) is fixedly connected with the input side of the forming die (6). The discharging mechanism (8) is arranged between the ejector rod (3) of the extruder body (2) and the discharging pipe (7). The discharging mechanism (8) is arranged on the base (1) in a lifting way through the lifting adjusting mechanism (11). The heating mechanism (9) and the smoke exhaust mechanism (10) are arranged above the discharging mechanism (8). This device is applicable to the aluminum alloy ingot raw materials of different dimensions, need not to preheat the aluminum alloy ingot through other devices, has simplified the operation, and collects filtration treatment to the flue gas that produces among the heating operation process, has improved the operation environment, has avoided air pollution.

Description

Preparation device of rail transit aluminum alloy material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, in particular to a preparation device of a rail transit aluminum alloy material.
Background
The modern bridge development gradually develops to a large-span economic bridge, the large-span bridge becomes another development direction of the large-span bridge except for a suspension casting continuous beam, particularly, the segment box beam is in wide application in glue joint suspension splicing construction, at present, more highway bridges are adopted in China, less railway bridges are adopted, a large amount of aluminum alloy is applied to bridge tracks, and the aluminum alloy is required to be prepared into aluminum alloy materials with different specifications through an extruder and a die.
Current track traffic aluminum alloy material at the in-process of its preparation, need pass through firing equipment with the aluminum alloy ingot and promote the uniform temperature, extrude the operation again, complex operation, and in the heating process, can produce a large amount of flue gases, directly discharge can cause air pollution to it is uncomfortable to make the operational environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation device of a rail transit aluminum alloy material, which solves the problems of complex operation and large smoke emission in the preparation process of the existing rail transit aluminum alloy material.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the invention provides a preparation device of a rail transit aluminum alloy material, which comprises a base, an extruder body, a discharging mechanism, a heating mechanism, a smoke exhaust mechanism, a discharging pipe, a forming die, a mounting plate and a hydraulic mechanism, wherein the extruder body is fixedly mounted on one side of the base, and a top rod is mounted on the front end surface of the extruder body; the mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the other side of the base, the forming die and the hydraulic mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the mounting plate, and a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic mechanism penetrates through the mounting plate to be fixedly connected with the forming die; the discharging pipe is fixedly connected with the input side of the forming die; the discharging mechanism is arranged between the ejector rod and the discharging pipe; the discharging mechanism is arranged on the base in a liftable manner through a lifting adjusting mechanism; the heating mechanism and the smoke exhaust mechanism are arranged above the discharging mechanism.
Preferably, the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging groove, a first gear, a second gear, a rotating roller and a motor, wherein the discharging groove is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting adjusting mechanism; the motor is arranged on the outer side of the discharging groove, and the first gear, the second gear and the rotary roller are arranged on the inner side of the discharging groove; the motor drives the first gear to rotate; the second gears are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first gear and are in meshed connection with the first gear; the rotating roller and the second gear rotate coaxially.
Preferably, an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the side wall of one side of the discharging groove to be fixedly connected with the first gear, and a second bearing is arranged between the output shaft of the motor and the side wall of the discharging groove; one end of the rotating roller is fixedly connected with one end of the second gear, and the other end, which is not connected with the second gear, of the rotating roller is rotatably connected with the side wall of the discharging groove through a first bearing.
Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises a support frame, a top plate, an electric telescopic rod, a bearing plate and a flame spraying valve head, wherein the support frame is fixedly connected with the base; the top plate is arranged in the horizontal direction, and two sides of the top plate are fixedly connected with the top of the support frame respectively; the flame spraying valve head is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the bearing plate; the bearing plate is driven by the electric telescopic rod to do lifting motion below the top plate so as to adjust the height of the flame projecting valve head.
Preferably, the electric telescopic rod is arranged between the top plate and the bearing plate along the vertical direction, the upper end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the top plate, and the lower end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the bearing plate.
Preferably, the support frame is provided with a sliding groove extending in the vertical direction, a sliding block is inserted into the sliding groove, and two sides of the bearing plate are fixedly connected with the sliding block respectively.
Preferably, the smoke exhaust mechanism comprises a gas collecting hood positioned on the upper side of the heating mechanism and a telescopic air pipe positioned in the heating mechanism; the upper end of the telescopic air pipe is fixedly connected with the top plate, and the lower end of the telescopic air pipe is fixedly connected with the bearing plate; the bearing plate is provided with a through hole at a position corresponding to the position connected with the telescopic air pipe, and the exhaust fan is fixedly arranged in the through hole; the gas collecting hood is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the top plate; the top plate is provided with a through hole which is communicated with the telescopic air pipe and the inner space of the gas-collecting hood at the position corresponding to the position connected with the telescopic air pipe; and a multi-stage filtering device is arranged in the gas-collecting hood.
Preferably, the multistage filtering device comprises a first stage filtering device and a second stage filtering device, wherein the first stage filtering device is a cloth bag, and the second stage filtering device is an activated carbon net.
Preferably, the smoke exhaust mechanism further comprises a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is fixedly connected with the upper side of the gas collecting hood, and a detachable dustproof net is arranged in the discharge pipe.
Preferably, the lifting adjusting mechanism comprises a sleeve and a threaded rod, the sleeve is vertically installed on the base in a rotating mode through a third bearing, the sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the threaded rod is in threaded connection with the sleeve, and the upper end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with the discharging mechanism.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
according to the discharging mechanism, the two rotating rollers arranged in the discharging groove can be used for placing the aluminum alloy ingots, and the flaming valve head can be used for flaming and heating the aluminum alloy ingots so as to quickly heat and soften the aluminum alloy ingots, so that the extrusion molding operation is facilitated. It is rotatory to drive through the motor and change the roller, changes the roller and drives the aluminium alloy spindle and rotate for the in-process aluminium alloy spindle of heating is heated more evenly, improves rate of heating, prevents to extrude cubic bellying, makes the machined part after the extrusion moulding more pleasing to the eye, and changes in the past and prepare the in-process, need preheat the condition of aluminium alloy spindle through other devices, makes its processing integration, the operation of being convenient for.
The heating mechanism drives the bearing plate to move up and down through the electric telescopic rod, the height of the flame spraying valve head can be flexibly adjusted, the flame spraying valve head can keep a proper distance with aluminum alloy ingots with different sizes and specifications, the bearing plate can be assisted to move up and down through the sliding of the sliding block in the sliding groove, the bearing plate is more stable in the moving process, and the situation that parts are damaged due to collision caused by shaking is avoided.
According to the smoke exhaust mechanism, smoke generated in the heating operation process of the aluminum alloy ingot is sucked into the gas collecting hood through the telescopic air pipe by the exhaust fan arranged in the bearing plate, the situation that the smoke is dispersed arbitrarily is prevented, the comfort level of the operation environment is improved, and particle impurities and toxic and harmful substances in the smoke are filtered through the cloth bag and the activated carbon net in the gas collecting hood, so that the discharged smoke is more environment-friendly, and the pollution to air is prevented.
According to the lifting adjusting mechanism, the threaded rod in the sleeve drives the discharging groove to move up and down by rotating the sleeve, so that the height of aluminum alloy ingots placed on the surface of the rotating roller can be flexibly adjusted, aluminum alloy ingots with different sizes and specifications can be conveniently matched with the heights of the ejector rods and the forming die, and the occurrence of collision accidents caused by the fact that the ejector rods extrude the aluminum alloy ingots is prevented.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a preparation device of the rail transit aluminum alloy material of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the drop feed mechanism of FIG. 1 from above;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heating mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the smoke evacuation mechanism of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the elevation adjusting mechanism in fig. 1.
[ description of reference ]:
1: a base; 2: an extruder body; 3: a top rod; 4: mounting a plate; 5: a hydraulic mechanism; 6: forming a mold; 7: discharging the material pipe; 8: a discharging mechanism; 801: a discharging groove; 802: a first bearing; 803: rotating the roller; 804: a second bearing; 805: a first gear; 806: a second gear; 807: a motor; 9: a heating mechanism; 901: a support frame; 902: a top plate; 903: an electric telescopic rod; 904: a carrier plate; 905: a chute; 906: a slider; 907: a flame spray valve head; 10: a smoke exhaust mechanism; 1001: a through hole; 1002: an exhaust fan; 1003: a gas-collecting hood; 1004: a telescopic air duct pipe; 1005: a cloth bag; 1006: an activated carbon mesh; 1007: a discharge pipe; 1008: a dust screen; 11: a lifting adjusting mechanism; 1101: a third bearing; 1102: a sleeve; 1103: a threaded rod.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation. As used herein, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like are used with reference to the orientation of FIG. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation device of a rail transit aluminum alloy material, which comprises a base 1, an extruder body 2, a discharging mechanism 8, a heating mechanism 9, a smoke exhaust mechanism 10, a discharging pipe 7, a forming die 6, a mounting plate 4 and a hydraulic mechanism 5. The extruder body 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the base 1, and the ejector rod 3 is arranged on the front end face of the extruder body 2. The opposite side fixedly connected with mounting panel 4 of base 1, forming die 6 and hydraulic pressure mechanism 5 arrange respectively in the both sides of mounting panel 4, and the hydraulic stem of hydraulic pressure mechanism 5 passes mounting panel 4 and forming die 6 fixed connection. The discharging pipe 7 is fixedly connected with the input side of the forming die 6. The discharging mechanism 8 is arranged between the ejector rod 3 and the discharging pipe 7, and the discharging mechanism 8 is arranged on the base 1 in a liftable mode through the lifting adjusting mechanism 11. The heating mechanism 9 and the smoke exhaust mechanism 10 are arranged above the discharging mechanism 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the discharging mechanism 8 includes a discharging chute 801, a first gear 805, a second gear 806, a rotating roller 803, and a motor 807. The discharging groove 801 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting adjusting mechanism 11. The motor 807 is disposed outside the discharging chute 801, and the first gear 805, the second gear 806, and the rotating roller 803 are disposed inside the discharging chute 801. An output shaft of the motor 807 penetrates through a side wall of the discharging groove 801 to be fixedly connected with the first gear 805 so as to drive the first gear 805 to rotate. A second bearing 804 is provided between the output shaft of the motor 807 and the side wall of the chute 801. The second gears 806 are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the first gear 805, and are engaged with the first gear 805 to rotate in the same direction by the first gear 805. One end of the rotating roller 803 is fixedly connected to one end of the second gear 806 so as to rotate coaxially with the second gear 806. The other ends of the roller 803 and the second gear 806, which are not connected to each other, are rotatably connected to the side wall of the chute 801 by first bearings 802, respectively. Preferably, motor 807 is of the type Y80M1-1. Aluminum alloy ingots to be processed are placed on the surfaces of the two rotating rolls 803 and are rotated with the rotation of the rotating rolls 803.
As shown in fig. 3, the heating mechanism 9 in this embodiment is disposed above the emptying mechanism 8, and includes a supporting frame 901, a top plate 902, an electric telescopic rod 903, a bearing plate 904, and a flame spraying valve head 907. The supporting frame 901 is fixedly connected with the base 1 by welding, the top plate 902 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and two sides of the top plate are fixedly connected with the top of the supporting frame 901 by welding. The carrier plate 904 is disposed below the top plate 902 in parallel with the top plate 902. Electric telescopic handle 903 sets up between roof 902 and loading board 904 along vertical direction, and electric telescopic handle 903's upper end and roof 902 fixed connection, lower extreme and loading board 904 fixed connection. The support frame 901 is provided with a chute 905 extending in the vertical direction, and a slider 906 is inserted into the chute 905. Both sides of the carrier plate 904 are fixedly connected to the sliders 906 by means of welding, for example. The bearing plate 904 can slide up and down along the sliding groove 905 under the driving of the electric telescopic rod 903. A plurality of flame spray valve heads 907 are fixedly mounted equidistantly on the underside of the carrier plate 904. An igniter is provided at a nozzle of the torch head 907 to control the torch head 907 to spray flame, and the torch head 907 is connected with fuel through a pipe. Under the action of the electric telescopic rod 903, the bearing plate 904 carries the flame projecting valve head 907 to perform lifting motion along the vertical direction, so that the height of the flame projecting valve head 907 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 4, the smoke exhausting mechanism 10 in this embodiment includes a gas collecting hood 1003 located on the upper side of the heating mechanism 9 and a retractable air duct 1004 located inside the heating mechanism 9. The upper end of the retractable air pipe 1004 is fixedly connected with the top plate 902, and the lower end thereof is fixedly connected with the bearing plate 904. The loading plate 904 is provided with a through hole 1001 at a corresponding position connected with the retractable air duct 1004, and the exhaust fan 1002 is fixedly installed in the through hole 1001. The gas collecting channels 1003 are fixedly mounted on the upper side of the top plate 902. The top plate 902 is also provided with a through hole communicating the inner spaces of the retractable air duct 1004 and the air collecting hood 1003 at a corresponding position connected to the retractable air duct 1004. Two-stage filtering devices are arranged in the gas collecting hood 1003, the first-stage filtering device is preferably a cloth bag 1005, and the second-stage filtering device is preferably an activated carbon net 1006. The upper side of the gas collecting channel 1003 is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe 1007, and a dust screen 1008 is arranged in the discharge pipe 1007 to prevent dust from entering the gas collecting channel 1003 through the discharge pipe 1007. Preferably, the dust screen 1008 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the discharge pipe 1007 to facilitate replacement.
The exhaust fan 1002 generates suction through the operation of an external power supply, smoke generated during the operation of the flaming valve head 907 can be sucked into the gas collecting hood 1003 through the telescopic air pipe 1004, particle impurities and toxic and harmful substances in the smoke are filtered through the cloth bag 1005 and the activated carbon net 1006 in the gas collecting hood 1003, and therefore air pollution caused by smoke emission is avoided.
As shown in fig. 5, the lifting adjusting mechanism 11 includes a sleeve 1102 and a threaded rod 1103, the sleeve 1102 is vertically and rotatably mounted on the base 1 through a third bearing 1101, the sleeve 1102 is provided with an internal thread, the threaded rod 1103 is in threaded connection with the sleeve 1102, and the upper end of the threaded rod 1103 is fixedly connected with the discharging chute 801. The sleeve 1102 is rotated to move the threaded rod 1103 inside the sleeve up and down, so that the height of the discharging groove 801 is adjusted, and the placing height of the aluminum alloy ingot is adjusted.
The preparation device of the aluminum alloy material for the rail transit provided by the invention takes an aluminum alloy ingot as a raw material. Preferably, the composition of the aluminum alloy ingot includes: silicon nitride, ferromolybdenum, copper, graphene, manganese, yttrium, titanium, borax, chromium, nickel, diatomite, trisodium phosphate, an acrylate regulator, p-hydroxybenzene sulfonic acid, a dispersant POLYRON, a powder reinforcing agent and aluminum, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon nitride to the graphene to the trisodium phosphate to the acrylate regulator is (15-40) to (2-3) to (3-8) to (2-4);
the weight ratio of the p-hydroxybenzene sulfonic acid, the dispersant POLYRON and the powder reinforcing agent is (4-8) to (4-6) to (4-8);
4 to 8 percent of copper, 3 to 5 percent of magnesium, 6 to 8 percent of silicon, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of ferrum, 0.6 to 1 percent of manganese, 3 to 7 percent of nickel, 2 to 5 percent of zinc and 70 to 75 percent of aluminum.
The main alloying elements in the aluminum alloy ingot are magnesium and silicon, and form Mg 2 Si phase, containing certain amount of Mn and Cr, can neutralize the bad effect of Fe, and has less Cu and Zn added to raise the strength of aluminum alloy without lowering the corrosion resistance.
The working principle is as follows:
in operation, firstly, an aluminum alloy ingot to be processed is placed on the surfaces of the two rotating rollers 803 in the discharging groove 801, then the sleeve 1102 is manually rotated to drive the threaded rod 1103 to move up and down, the discharging groove 801 moves up and down along with the threaded rod 1103, and therefore the height of the aluminum alloy ingot placed on the surfaces of the rotating rollers 803 can be adjusted, and the central axis of the aluminum alloy ingot is enabled to coincide with the central axes of the forming die 6 and the ejector rod 3 of the extruder body 2. The electric telescopic rod 903 drives the sliding blocks 906 on the two sides of the bearing plate 904 to slide in the sliding grooves 905, so that the height of the bearing plate 904 is adjusted, and the bearing plate 904 moves up and down and drives the telescopic air pipe 1004 to extend or shorten. The blasting valve head 907 moves up and down together with the carrier plate 904, thereby adjusting the distance between the blasting valve head 907 and the aluminum alloy ingot. The flame sprayed by the flame spraying valve head 907 is controlled by an igniter arranged in the flame spraying valve head 907, and the flame sprayed by the flame spraying valve head 907 heats the aluminum alloy ingot. Meanwhile, the motor 807 drives the first gear 805 to rotate, the first gear 805 drives the second gears 806 with two sides in meshed connection to rotate, the second gears 806 drive the rotating rollers 803 to rotate, and the rotating rollers 803 rotate the aluminum alloy ingots on the surfaces of the aluminum alloy ingots so that the aluminum alloy ingots are uniformly heated. Heating the aluminum alloy ingot to a certain temperature, softening the aluminum alloy ingot, controlling the ejector rod 3 to move through the extruder body 2, ejecting the heated aluminum alloy ingot placed on the surface of the rotating roller 803 by the ejector rod 3 until the aluminum alloy ingot is ejected into the discharging pipe 7 by the ejector rod 3, and then extruding and discharging the aluminum alloy ingot through the forming die 6 on one side of the discharging pipe 7. In the process of heating the aluminum alloy ingot, by starting the exhaust fan 1002 in the through hole 1001, the flue gas generated in the heating operation is sucked into the telescopic air pipe 1004, the flue gas in the telescopic air pipe 1004 enters the gas collecting hood 1003 communicated with the telescopic air pipe, the flue gas is subjected to primary filtration in the gas collecting hood 1003 through the cloth bag 1005 to filter larger particle impurities in the flue gas, and then secondary filtration is performed through the active carbon net 1006 to filter smaller particles and toxic and harmful substances in the flue gas. The filtered flue gas is discharged through a discharge pipe 1007.
Since the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation device of a rail transit aluminum alloy material comprises a base (1), an extruder body (2), a discharging mechanism (8), a heating mechanism (9), a smoke exhausting mechanism (10), a discharging pipe (7), a forming die (6), a mounting plate (4) and a hydraulic mechanism (5),
the extruder body (2) is fixedly arranged on one side of the base (1), and the front end face of the extruder body (2) is provided with an ejector rod (3);
the mounting plate (4) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the base (1), the forming die (6) and the hydraulic mechanism (5) are respectively arranged on two sides of the mounting plate (4), and a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic mechanism (5) penetrates through the mounting plate (4) to be fixedly connected with the forming die (6);
the discharging pipe (7) is fixedly connected with the input side of the forming die (6); the discharging mechanism (8) is arranged between the ejector rod (3) and the discharging pipe (7); the discharging mechanism (8) is arranged on the base (1) in a lifting manner through a lifting adjusting mechanism (11); the heating mechanism (9) and the smoke exhausting mechanism (10) are arranged above the discharging mechanism (8);
the heating mechanism (9) comprises a top plate (902), an electric telescopic rod (903), a bearing plate (904) and a flaming valve head (907), and the flaming valve head (907) is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the bearing plate (904); the bearing plate (904) is driven by the electric telescopic rod (903) to do lifting motion below the top plate (902) so as to adjust the height of the flame spraying valve head (907);
the smoke exhaust mechanism (10) comprises a gas collecting hood (1003) positioned on the upper side of the heating mechanism (9) and a telescopic air pipe (1004) positioned in the heating mechanism (9); the upper end of the telescopic air pipe (1004) is fixedly connected with the top plate (902), and the lower end of the telescopic air pipe is fixedly connected with the bearing plate (904);
a through hole (1001) is formed in the position, corresponding to the position where the bearing plate (904) is connected with the telescopic air pipe (1004), of the bearing plate, and the exhaust fan (1002) is fixedly installed in the through hole (1001); the gas collecting hood (1003) is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the top plate (902); the top plate (902) is provided with a through hole which is communicated with the inner space of the telescopic air pipe (1004) and the gas collecting hood (1003) at the position corresponding to the position connected with the telescopic air pipe (1004); a multistage filtering device is arranged in the gas collecting hood (1003);
the discharging mechanism (8) comprises a first gear (805), a second gear (806), a rotating roller (803) and a motor (807), and the motor (807) drives the first gear (805) to rotate; the second gears (806) are arranged on two sides of the first gear (805) opposite to each other and are in meshed connection with the first gear (805); the roller 803 rotates coaxially with the second gear 806.
2. The preparation device of the rail transit aluminum alloy material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharging mechanism (8) comprises a discharging groove (801), wherein the discharging groove (801) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting adjusting mechanism (11); the motor (807) is arranged at the outer side of the discharging groove (801), and the first gear (805), the second gear (806) and the rotating roller (803) are arranged at the inner side of the discharging groove (801).
3. The preparation device of the aluminum alloy material for rail transit as claimed in claim 2, wherein an output shaft of the motor (807) penetrates through one side wall of the discharging groove (801) to be fixedly connected with the first gear (805), and a second bearing (804) is arranged between the output shaft of the motor (807) and the side wall of the discharging groove (801); one end of the rotating roller (803) is fixedly connected with one end of the second gear (806), and the other ends, which are not connected with each other, of the rotating roller (803) and the second gear (806) are respectively and rotatably connected with the side wall of the discharging groove (801) through a first bearing (802).
4. The preparation device of the rail transit aluminum alloy material as set forth in claim 1, wherein the heating mechanism (9) further comprises a support frame (901), wherein the support frame (901) is fixedly connected with the base (1); the top plate (902) is arranged in the horizontal direction, and two sides of the top plate (902) are respectively fixedly connected with the top of the support frame (901).
5. The preparation device of the rail transit aluminum alloy material as set forth in claim 4, wherein said electric telescopic rod (903) is disposed between said top plate (902) and said bearing plate (904) along a vertical direction, and an upper end of said electric telescopic rod (903) is fixedly connected with said top plate (902) and a lower end is fixedly connected with said bearing plate (904).
6. The preparation device of the rail transit aluminum alloy material according to claim 5, wherein the support frame (901) is provided with a chute (905) extending in a vertical direction, a slider (906) is inserted into the chute (905), and two sides of the bearing plate (904) are respectively fixedly connected with the slider (906).
7. The preparation device of rail transit aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the multistage filtering device comprises a first stage filtering device and a second stage filtering device, the first stage filtering device is a cloth bag (1005), and the second stage filtering device is an activated carbon net (1006).
8. The preparation device of the aluminum alloy material for rail transit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the smoke exhaust mechanism (10) further comprises a discharge pipe (1007), the discharge pipe (1007) is fixedly connected with the upper side of the gas collecting hood (1003), and a detachable dust screen (1008) is arranged in the discharge pipe (1007).
9. The apparatus for preparing aluminum alloy material for rail transit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the lifting adjusting mechanism (11) comprises a sleeve (1102) and a threaded rod (1103), the sleeve (1102) is vertically and rotatably mounted on the base (1) through a third bearing (1101), the sleeve (1102) is provided with an internal thread, the threaded rod (1103) is in threaded connection with the sleeve (1102), and the upper end of the threaded rod (1103) is fixedly connected with the discharging mechanism (8).
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Denomination of invention: A preparation device for aluminum alloy materials in rail transit

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