CN112295583A - Preparation method and application of zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst Download PDF

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CN112295583A
CN112295583A CN202011145254.4A CN202011145254A CN112295583A CN 112295583 A CN112295583 A CN 112295583A CN 202011145254 A CN202011145254 A CN 202011145254A CN 112295583 A CN112295583 A CN 112295583A
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carbon nitride
phase carbon
graphite phase
zinc sulfide
boronized graphite
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罗一丹
周东鹏
薛名山
谢宇
谢婵
殷祚炷
洪珍
陈亮
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Nanchang Hangkong University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C01B3/042Decomposition of water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0266Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
    • C01B2203/0277Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1076Copper or zinc-based catalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst and application of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst in hydrogen evolution. The visible light catalyst takes boronized graphite phase carbon nitride as a carrier and zinc sulfide as an auxiliary agent, the direct energy band width of the visible light catalyst is about 3.6 eV, the light excitation energy can quickly generate electron-hole pairs, and the high negative reduction potential of electrons is excited to ensure that the visible light catalyst has excellent catalytic activity. The boronized graphite phase carbon nitride is obtained by reacting and sintering urea and sodium tetraphenylboron, the obtained product is added into a zinc acetate solution, then a mixed solution of sodium sulfide and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is dripped, and the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst is obtained through the steps of water washing, ultrasonic dispersion, centrifugation and the like. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in process, low in cost, small in environmental influence, mild in reaction condition, and suitable for the hotspot fields of energy problems and the like, has a wide application prospect, and the prepared photocatalyst is excellent in catalytic performance and good in hydrogen production effect.

Description

Preparation method and application of zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a preparation method of a zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst.
Background
Energy crisis and environmental problems are two major challenges facing mankind in this century, photocatalytic hydrogen preparation is not only an effective way to utilize light energy, but also the obtained hydrogen energy has extremely high economic value at the present that fossil energy is gradually exhausted and new energy is urgently needed. The combustion heat value of hydrogen is high, and the heat generated by combusting hydrogen with the same mass is far higher than that of petroleum, alcohol and coke; the combustion product is water, which is the cleanest energy in the world; the resources are rich, hydrogen can be prepared from water, and water is the most abundant resource on the earth. However, the photocatalytic hydrogen production technology is still in the research stage, and a high-activity catalyst is needed urgently. The boron-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride can effectively inhibit the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the photo-generated electrons and holes. However, the photocatalytic hydrogen production capability of boronized graphite phase carbon nitride is still not strong enough, and now a new semiconductor material is often introduced to improve the catalytic performance of the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst, introduces the application of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst in the aspect of photocatalytic hydrogen production, and improves the hydrogen production efficiency of the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride photocatalytic material by loading zinc sulfide.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A preparation method of a zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
step one, performing ultrasonic treatment on 10-20 g of urea, 8-15 mg of sodium tetraphenylborate and 30-50 mL of deionized water for 20-40 min; stirring for 20-40 min; then heating for 2-3 h, and evaporating to obtain white powder;
step two, placing the white powder obtained in the step one into a ceramic crucible, sending into a muffle furnace for high-temperature sintering, and setting temperature parameters: the heating rate is 5-15 ℃/min, the temperature is kept constant at 500-600 ℃ for 1-3 h, and the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride powder is obtained after natural cooling at room temperature.
Step three, taking 40-60 mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 0.4-0.5 g of zinc acetate for 40-80 min to obtain a zinc acetate solution, and adding 0.2-0.4 g of boronized graphite phase carbon nitride into the zinc acetate solution to obtain a mixed solution A;
step four, taking 0.5-1 g of sodium sulfide, 0.02-0.03 g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 5-20 mL of deionized water, placing the materials in a beaker, mixing and stirring for 40-80 min, and preparing a dropwise adding solution;
step five, dropwise adding the dropwise adding solution prepared in the step four into the mixed solution A prepared in the step three, stirring the dropwise adding solution along with stirring, and continuously stirring the dropwise adding solution for 20-40 min after the dropwise adding is finished to prepare a mixed solution B;
and sixthly, washing the mixed solution B with alkaline solution for three times, transferring the mixed solution B into an ultrasonic dispersion instrument for dispersion and centrifugation for 10-20 min, and filtering to obtain the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst.
Further, the heating in the first step is water bath heating, and the temperature is 50-70 ℃.
Further, the high-temperature sintering in the second step is carried out in a semi-closed covering high-temperature resistant container system to prevent sublimation.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the dropping speed is 1-2 mL/min, and the dropping amount is 10-15 mL.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the mass fraction ratio of the zinc sulfide in the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst is changed by controlling the dropping amount of the dropping solution, so as to obtain different catalytic performances.
Further, the alkaline solution in the sixth step may be any one of a NaOH solution and ammonia water.
Under the irradiation of light, the zinc sulfide can quickly generate electron-hole pairs, the reduction potential of photoelectrons is lower, the recombination rate of electrons and holes can be reduced by forming a composite structure by the zinc sulfide and the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride, and the prepared zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst has better photocatalytic hydrogen production performance than the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst.
As another technical scheme of the invention, the application of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst prepared by the method is characterized in that: it is applied to the reaction of hydrogen production by photocatalytic water decomposition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with pure boron graphite phase carbon nitride, the boron graphite phase carbon nitride loaded with zinc sulfide has good photocatalytic activity. The direct energy band width of zinc sulfide is about 3.6 eV, the light excitation energy can rapidly generate electron-hole pairs, and the high negative reduction potential of the excited electrons enables the zinc sulfide to have excellent catalytic activity.
(2) The preparation method has the advantages of simple and convenient process, low cost, small influence on the environment, mild reaction conditions, wide application prospect in the hot field of attaching to energy problems and the like, and the prepared photocatalyst has excellent photocatalytic performance and good hydrogen production effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the hydrogen evolution rates of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride produced in example 1 and the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride produced in comparative example 1.
Fig. 2 is an XRD pattern of zinc sulfide in comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The description is to be regarded as illustrative and explanatory only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art, according to the description in this document, can make corresponding combinations of features in the examples of this document and in the different comparative examples.
Example 1: carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 20 g of urea, 12 mg of sodium tetraphenylborate and 30 mL of deionized water for 0.5 h; stirring in a magnetic stirrer for 0.5 h; transferring to a constant temperature water bath kettle, heating for 3 h, and evaporating to obtain white powder; placing white powder into a ceramic crucible, sending the white powder into a muffle furnace for high-temperature sintering, and setting temperature parameters: the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept at 520 ℃ for 2 h, and the product is naturally cooled at room temperature. 50 mL of deionized water is taken, 0.4390 g of zinc acetate is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 1 h, and 0.3000 g of boronized graphite phase carbon nitride is added into the deionized water; 0.7205 g of sodium sulfide, 0.0219 g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 10 mL of deionized water are taken in advance to be stirred in a magnetic stirrer for 1 h, the mixture is dripped into the solution prepared in the last step, the stirring is started at the same time, and the stirring is continued for 0.5 h after the dripping is finished; and (3) washing the obtained solution with sodium hydroxide solution for three times, transferring the solution into an ultrasonic dispersion instrument for dispersion and centrifugation for 15 min, and filtering to obtain the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst which is marked as ZnS/BCN.
Comparative example 1: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride was made without the addition of zinc sulfide and labeled as BCN.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the hydrogen evolution rate of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride prepared in example 1 is significantly increased as compared to the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride prepared in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2: the difference from example 1 is: carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 50 mL of deionized water and 0.4390 g of zinc acetate for 1 h, stirring 0.7205 g of sodium sulfide, 0.0219 g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 10 mL of deionized water in a magnetic stirrer for 1 h in advance, dripping into the prepared solution in the last step, starting stirring at the same time, and continuing stirring for 0.5 h after dripping is finished; and washing the obtained solution with NaOH solution for three times, transferring the solution into an ultrasonic dispersion instrument for dispersion and centrifugation for 15 min, and filtering to obtain zinc sulfide which is marked as ZnS.
Fig. 2 is an XRD pattern of zinc sulfide in comparative example 2.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
step one, performing ultrasonic treatment on 10-20 g of urea, 8-15 mg of sodium tetraphenylborate and 30-50 mL of deionized water for 20-40 min; stirring for 20-40 min; then heating for 2-3 h, and evaporating to obtain white powder;
step two, placing the white powder obtained in the step one into a ceramic crucible, sending into a muffle furnace for high-temperature sintering, and setting temperature parameters: the heating rate is 5-15 ℃/min, the temperature is kept constant at 500-600 ℃ for 1-3 h, and the boronized graphite phase carbon nitride powder is obtained after natural cooling at room temperature;
step three, taking 40-60 mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 0.4-0.5 g of zinc acetate for 40-80 min to obtain a zinc acetate solution, and adding 0.2-0.4 g of boronized graphite phase carbon nitride into the zinc acetate solution to obtain a mixed solution A;
step four, taking 0.5-1 g of sodium sulfide, 0.02-0.03 g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 5-20 mL of deionized water, placing the materials in a beaker, mixing and stirring for 40-80 min, and preparing a dropwise adding solution;
step five, dropwise adding the dropwise adding solution prepared in the step four into the mixed solution A prepared in the step three, stirring the dropwise adding solution along with stirring, and continuously stirring the dropwise adding solution for 20-40 min after the dropwise adding is finished to prepare a mixed solution B;
and sixthly, washing the mixed solution B with alkaline solution for three times, transferring the mixed solution B into an ultrasonic dispersion instrument for dispersion and centrifugation for 10-20 min, and filtering to obtain the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst.
2. The preparation method of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, heating is water bath heating, and the temperature is 50-70 ℃.
3. The preparation method of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the high-temperature sintering in the second step is carried out in a semi-closed covering high-temperature-resistant container system to prevent sublimation.
4. The preparation method of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the dropping speed is 1-2 mL/min, and the dropping amount is 10-15 mL.
5. The preparation method of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the fifth step, the mass fraction ratio of the zinc sulfide in the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst is changed by controlling the dropping amount of the dropping solution, so as to obtain different catalytic performances.
6. The preparation method of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the sixth step, the alkaline solution can be any one of NaOH solution and ammonia water.
7. The application of the zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-driven photocatalyst is characterized in that: it is applied to the reaction of hydrogen production by photocatalytic water decomposition.
CN202011145254.4A 2020-10-23 2020-10-23 Preparation method and application of zinc sulfide/boronized graphite phase carbon nitride visible-light-induced photocatalyst Pending CN112295583A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210202