CN112291782B - CIU data synchronization method, split type electric energy meter and electric energy meter network - Google Patents
CIU data synchronization method, split type electric energy meter and electric energy meter network Download PDFInfo
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- CN112291782B CN112291782B CN202011048767.3A CN202011048767A CN112291782B CN 112291782 B CN112291782 B CN 112291782B CN 202011048767 A CN202011048767 A CN 202011048767A CN 112291782 B CN112291782 B CN 112291782B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/602—Providing cryptographic facilities or services
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
Abstract
The invention discloses a CIU data synchronization method, a split type electric energy meter and an electric energy meter network, and relates to the technical field of electric power metering statistics. The technical scheme provided by the invention is used for synchronizing data between the collector and the CIUs, and comprises the following steps: the collector waits until the waiting time reaches a synchronization period, calculates random delay time, and encrypts the data after converting the data to form synchronous data; and sending the synchronous data to the CIU after waiting for the random delay time, and receiving, processing, storing and displaying the synchronous data by the CIU. The method provided by the invention avoids communication interference superposition, avoids data superposition in transmission and simultaneously ensures the safety of data transmission.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power metering statistics, in particular to a CIU data synchronization method, a split type electric energy meter and an electric energy meter network.
[ background of the invention ]
In the prior art, in a centralized metering solution, a collector performs CIU data synchronization in an RF wireless communication manner, a data packet is in a DLT/645 protocol format of a short packet, a BCD code is used and is a plaintext, a synchronization period is generally a fixed period, accumulation and processing of a simple DLT/645 protocol are checked, the collector does not perform discrete processing on CIU data synchronization data, and the CIU receives the data and performs simple processing to analyze and display packet contents.
However, when one area is powered off or runs for a long time, the situation that a plurality of collectors simultaneously perform RF wireless data exists, communication interference is superimposed, and the CIU cannot receive data. When data in a plurality of transmissions are superposed, data distortion is caused, and the CIU cannot identify whether the data are normal or not after receiving the data. In addition, the transmitted data is plaintext, so that data information can be intercepted after being intercepted by a lawbreaker, if the data is tampered, the data is sent to the CIU, the CIU receives the data and displays the tampered message application part, and the situation that the displayed electricity utilization information of a user is not matched with the real electricity utilization information occurs, so that serious fraud crime behaviors are caused.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to solve the foregoing problems, the present invention provides a CIU data synchronization method, which avoids communication interference superposition, avoids data superposition during transmission, and simultaneously ensures the security of data transmission.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a CIU data synchronization method is used for data synchronization between a collector and a plurality of CIUs, the data are collected by the collector after being collected by a plurality of electric energy meters, the electric energy meters and the CIUs correspond to one another one by one, and the CIU data synchronization method comprises the following steps:
a waiting step: the collector waits until the waiting time reaches a synchronous period, and then processing steps are carried out;
the processing steps are as follows: calculating random delay time, and encrypting the data after converting the data to form synchronous data;
a synchronization step: and the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU after waiting for the random delay time, and the CIU receives the synchronous data and processes, stores and displays the synchronous data.
Optionally, the calculating the random delay time includes the following steps:
calculating the system discrete number according to the following formula: rn ═ rand (D), where Rn is a system discrete number and D is an address of the collector;
and (4) the system discrete number is used for complementing the discrete period of the collector, and the obtained remainder is used as random delay time.
Optionally, the converting the data includes the following steps:
the collector converts the data collected by the electric energy meter into a BIN format;
the converted data is subjected to CRC32 calculation.
Optionally, after the data is converted, symmetric encryption is used to encrypt the converted data, and the encrypted key includes a CIU address and an encryption key.
Optionally, after the data is converted and encrypted, framing is performed by a link layer DLT/645 protocol to form synchronous data.
Optionally, after receiving the synchronous data, the CIU performs link layer packet prejudgment on the received synchronous data, if the received synchronous data meets the DLT/645 protocol, performs address prejudgment, and if the CIU address in the synchronous data matches the actual address of the CIU receiving the synchronous data, decrypts the synchronous data, and performs CRC32 calculation after decryption to check whether the data is complete.
Optionally, after the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU, the waiting step, the processing step and the synchronizing step are sequentially circulated until the data synchronization of all CIUs is completed.
Optionally, when the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU, the channel number of the synchronous data sent by the collector to the CIU is determined through the following steps:
and taking the last four digits of the address of the electric energy meter, adding two digits consisting of the last-but-one digit and the last-but-one digit with the two digits consisting of the last-but-one digit and the last-but-one digit, and taking the obtained result as a channel number for the collector to send the synchronous data to the CIU.
Optionally, the address of the CIU is the same as the address of the electric energy meter, and when the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU, the channel number of the CIU receiving the synchronous data is determined according to the address of the CIU, and the step of determining the channel number of the CIU receiving the synchronous data is the same as the step of determining the channel number of the collector sending the synchronous data.
Optionally, when the channel number of the synchronization data sent by the collector is consistent with the channel number of the synchronization data received by the CIU, the CIU receives the synchronization data.
Optionally, the transmission and reception of the synchronous data between the collector and the CIU are performed through an RF discrete channel.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the situation that CIU (common information Unit) cannot receive data due to communication interference superposition is avoided in a random time delay mode, the situation that data distortion is caused after data in multiple transmissions are superposed is avoided by selecting calculation of RF (radio frequency) discrete communication channels, format conversion and encryption are carried out on data messages, the data utilization rate is effectively improved, the safety of the data is guaranteed through multiple verification, and abnormal data are easier to identify.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a split type electric energy meter, which comprises an electric energy meter, a collector and a CIU, wherein the electric energy meter collects data of user electricity consumption, the collector collects the data collected by the electric energy meter and is synchronous with the CIU, the CIU receives, processes and displays the data synchronous with the collector, and the synchronous data between the collector and the CIU adopts any one of the CIU data synchronization methods.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an electric energy meter network, wherein the electric energy meter network is composed of the split type electric energy meters, or the electric energy meter network realizes any one of the CIU data synchronization methods.
The reasoning process of the split type electric energy meter and the beneficial effect of the electric energy meter network provided by the invention is similar to that of the CIU data synchronization method, and is not repeated herein.
These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in more detail in the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The best mode or means of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the features, elements and components appearing in each of the following and in the drawings are plural and different symbols or numerals are labeled for convenience of representation, but all represent components of the same or similar construction or function.
[ description of the drawings ]
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating CIU receiving number according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] A
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an example" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself may be included in at least one embodiment of the patent disclosure. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, this embodiment provides a CIU data synchronization method, which is used for synchronizing data between a collector and a plurality of CIUs, where the data is collected by the collector after being collected by the plurality of electric energy meters, the electric energy meters and the CIUs correspond to each other one by one, when the electric energy meters are installed on site, one collector manages one meter box electric energy meter, each electric energy meter belongs to one user, one CIU is installed in each user, and an address of the electric energy meter and an address of the CIU are set to be the same address when the electric energy meter leaves a factory. And synchronous data are transmitted and received between the collector and the CIU through RF discrete channels, and multiple communication channels are generally adopted for communication, so that mutual interference caused by simultaneous use of specific channels is avoided. After the installation is finished, whether the RF communication is normal or not needs to be checked, and if an isolated node exists, the communication effect can be improved by installing an RF repeater.
The CIU data synchronization method comprises the following steps:
a waiting step: the collector waits until the wait time reaches the synchronization period. The synchronous period of the collector is configured when the collector leaves a factory, and can be changed and adjusted according to the requirements of users; and when the waiting time of the collector meets the synchronization period, performing a processing step.
The processing steps are as follows: calculating the random delay time, comprising the following steps:
calculating the system discrete number according to the following formula: rn ═ rand (D), where Rn is a system discrete number, D is an address of the collector, and the address of the collector is a unique address configured when leaving the factory, so that the system discrete number of the collector is a real discrete number; and after the system discrete number is obtained, the remainder is obtained from the discrete period of the collector, and the obtained remainder is used as the random delay time. The discrete period of the collector is configured when the collector leaves the factory, and can be changed and adjusted according to the requirements of users.
For example: and when the obtained system discrete number Rn is 3487, the discrete period is 5 seconds, and the rest 5 seconds of 3487 is 2 seconds, calculating the random delay time according to the random delay time to be 2 seconds.
After calculating the random delay time, converting and encrypting the data to form synchronous data;
converting the data includes: the collector converts the data collected by the electric energy meter into a BIN format; the BIN format can improve the scalable data transmission efficiency of effective compressed data compared with a BCD code, for example, electric quantity 123593.45kWh occupies 3 bytes for 0xbc96b1 by adopting the BIN format, if the BCD code occupies 4 bytes for 0x12359345, CRC32 calculation is carried out on the converted data, and the data integrity rate is ensured through CRC32 verification;
after the data is converted, symmetric encryption, namely AES128 encryption, is adopted to encrypt the converted data (28 bytes of data +4 bytes of CRC32), the data length is 32 bytes, and the data becomes a 32-byte ciphertext after encryption. The encrypted key includes the CIU address (6 bytes) and the encryption key (12 bytes). The encryption key can ensure the security of the encryption key through factory configuration or regular remote updating, and the symmetric encryption algorithm can prevent tampering and data transmission security. And after the data is converted and encrypted, framing is carried out by a link layer DLT/645 protocol to form synchronous data. The multi-layer data transmission check effectively ensures the data transmission safety.
At this point, the collector completes the calculation of the random delay time and the conversion and encryption of the data, and carries out the synchronization step.
A synchronization step: and the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU after waiting for the random delay time, and the CIU receives the synchronous data and processes, stores and displays the synchronous data. In this step, the channel number of the collector sending the synchronous data and the channel number of the CIU receiving the synchronous data need to be calculated.
The channel number of the synchronous data sent by the collector to the CIU is determined by the following steps:
and taking the last four digits of the address of the electric energy meter, adding two digits consisting of the last-but-one digit and the last-but-one digit with the two digits consisting of the last-but-one digit and the last-but-one digit, and taking the obtained result as a channel number for the collector to send the synchronous data to the CIU. For example: if the electric energy meter address is 12345678, 56+78 is equal to 134, and the total number of channels supported by the collector is measured and subtracted from 134, in this embodiment, the total number of channels supported by the collector is 16, and in other embodiments, the total number of channels supported by the collector may also be set at the time of factory shipment, which is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the 134 takes the remaining 16 to 6, and therefore, the channel 6 is used for communication.
As the address of the CIU is the same as the address of the electric energy meter, the channel number of the CIU for receiving the synchronous data is determined by the address of the CIU, and the determining method is the same as the step of determining the channel number of the synchronous data sent to the CIU by the collector. And if and only if the channel number of the synchronous data sent by the collector is consistent with the channel number of the synchronous data received by the CIU, the CIU side can receive the synchronous data so as to avoid interference caused by simultaneous use of specific channels.
The collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU after waiting for the random delay time, and in the embodiment, the calculated random delay time is 2 seconds, so that the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU after waiting for 2 seconds, the probability of data collision when a plurality of collectors send the CIU synchronous data to a plurality of users at the same time is reduced, and the purpose of stable data transmission is achieved.
The CIU is always in a state of passively receiving data, after the CIU receives the synchronous data, link layer message pre-judgment is carried out on the received synchronous data, if the DLT/645 protocol is met, address pre-judgment is carried out, if the CIU address in the synchronous data is matched with the actual address of the CIU receiving the synchronous data, the message is stated to be legal link layer message data, application layer data processing is carried out according to application layer analysis processing, the synchronous data is decrypted, and the decryption algorithm and the encryption algorithm are the same, which belong to the prior art and are not described herein. If the decryption fails, the data is discarded and the decryption is followed by a CRC32 calculation to verify that the data is complete. The CIU needs to judge and process the received data according to the three-layer check sequence, and the data is legal after the checks are passed. And discarding the message which does not meet the condition as an abnormal message, and ensuring the maximum transmission of the application data of the effective bandwidth of the channel by adopting a passive receiving mode in data communication.
And circulating the above processing according to the quantity of the electric energy meters, performing a waiting step after the collector completes one round of CIU data synchronization, and performing the processing step and the synchronization step when the waiting time meets a new round of synchronization period, and circulating in sequence until all CIU data synchronization is completed.
According to the technical scheme, the situation that CIU cannot receive data due to communication interference superposition is avoided in a random time delay mode, the situation that data distortion is caused after data in multiple transmissions are superposed is avoided by selecting the RF discrete communication channel through calculation, meanwhile, the data utilization rate is effectively improved by carrying out format conversion and encryption on the data message, the safety of the data is guaranteed through multiple verification, and abnormal data are easier to identify.
Example two
The embodiment provides a split type electric energy meter which comprises an electric energy meter, a collector and a CIU (common information Unit), wherein the electric energy meter collects data of power consumption of a user, the collector collects the data collected by the electric energy meter and is synchronous with the CIU, the CIU receives the data synchronous with the collector and carries out processing and displaying on the data, and the synchronous data between the collector and the CIU adopts the CIU data synchronization method of the embodiment I.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides an electric energy meter network, and the electric energy meter network provided by the embodiment is composed of the split type electric energy meters described in the second embodiment, or the electric energy meter network realizes the CIU data synchronization method described in the first embodiment.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A CIU data synchronization method is used for synchronizing data between a collector and a plurality of CIUs, the data are collected by the collector after being collected by a plurality of electric energy meters, and the electric energy meters and the CIUs correspond to one another one by one, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a waiting step: the collector waits until the waiting time reaches a synchronous period, and then processing steps are carried out;
the processing steps are as follows: calculating random delay time, and encrypting the data after converting the data to form synchronous data;
a synchronization step: and the collector sends the synchronous data to the CIU after waiting for the random delay time, and the CIU receives the synchronous data and processes, stores and displays the synchronous data.
2. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 1, wherein calculating the random delay time comprises the steps of:
calculating the system discrete number according to the following formula: rn ═ rand (D), where Rn is a system discrete number and D is an address of the collector;
and (4) the system discrete number is used for complementing the discrete period of the collector, and the obtained remainder is used as random delay time.
3. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 1, wherein converting the data comprises the steps of:
the collector converts the data collected by the electric energy meter into a BIN format;
the converted data is subjected to CRC32 calculation.
4. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 3, wherein after the data is converted, the converted data is encrypted by using symmetric encryption, and the encrypted key comprises a CIU address and an encryption key.
5. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 4, wherein after the data is converted and encrypted, link layer DLT/645 protocol framing is performed to form the synchronization data.
6. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 5, wherein after the CIU receives the synchronization data, the CIU performs link layer message prejudgment on the received synchronization data, if the received synchronization data meets DLT/645 protocol, the address prejudgment is performed, if the CIU address in the synchronization data is matched with the actual address of the CIU receiving the synchronization data, the synchronization data is decrypted, and after the decryption, CRC32 calculation is performed to check whether the data is complete.
7. The CIU data synchronization method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the collector sends the synchronization data to the CIU, and then sequentially and circularly waits, processes and synchronizes until the data synchronization of all CIUs is completed.
8. The CIU data synchronization method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the collector sends the synchronization data to the CIU, the channel number of the synchronization data sent by the collector to the CIU is determined by the following steps:
and taking the last four digits of the address of the electric energy meter, adding two digits consisting of the last-but-one digit and the last-but-one digit with the two digits consisting of the last-but-one digit and the last-but-one digit, and taking the obtained result as a channel number for the collector to send the synchronous data to the CIU.
9. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 8, wherein the address of the CIU is the same as the address of the electric energy meter, and when the collector sends the synchronization data to the CIU, the channel number of the CIU for receiving the synchronization data is determined by the address of the CIU, and the step of determining the channel number of the CIU for receiving the synchronization data is the same as the step of determining the channel number of the collector for sending the synchronization data.
10. The CIU data synchronization method of claim 9, wherein the CIU receives the synchronization data when a channel number of the synchronization data sent by the collector is consistent with a channel number of the synchronization data received by the CIU.
11. The CIU data synchronization method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the transmission and reception of the synchronization data between the collector and the CIU are performed through RF discrete channels.
12. A split type electric energy meter comprises an electric energy meter, a collector and a CIU (common information Unit), wherein the electric energy meter collects data of user electricity consumption, the collector collects the data collected by the electric energy meter and is synchronous with the CIU, and the CIU receives, processes and displays the data synchronous with the collector.
13. An electric energy meter network, characterized in that the electric energy meter network is composed of the split electric energy meters of claim 12, or the electric energy meter network implements the CIU data synchronization method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
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