CN112290637A - Double-battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging battery energy storage life - Google Patents
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Abstract
A double-battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging the energy storage life of a battery considering energy storage economy evaluates the equivalent life of the battery according to the discharge depth of the battery, and further determines the optimal operation state of the battery. A mathematical model of the operation of the dual battery pack is then established, which may bring the battery closer to optimal operation. An operating strategy is then proposed to maximize the life of the energy storage cell itself, which strategy should be such that the cell operates consistently at its optimum state. And solving the operation state of the strategy by a dynamic programming method. The invention determines an operation strategy for maximizing the energy storage life of the battery based on the double-battery model, can effectively save the cost of the energy storage of the battery, and further increases the economic benefit of the energy storage system. Therefore, when the energy storage equipment is used as auxiliary service equipment to obtain profit through low-price electricity purchasing and high-price electricity selling, the price difference of electricity purchasing and selling is lower, and the pricing is more flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power engineering, and particularly relates to a double-battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging the energy storage life of a battery by considering energy storage economy.
Background
Renewable energy power has the advantages of no pollution, continuous use of primary energy and the like, and provides an effective development direction for sustainable development of low-carbon power. Renewable energy sources are random, intermittent and unpredictable, and their large-scale use necessarily poses many challenges to the operation, commissioning and control of power systems. Therefore, from the perspective of safe and economic operation of a power grid, how to improve the controllable degree of renewable energy power is an urgent problem to be solved in new energy grid connection.
The battery energy storage system has the capability of translating electric energy in time and space, has the advantages of high response speed, large-scale formation possibility and the like, and is considered as an effective means for improving the controllability of the intermittent power supply and improving the grid-connected capability of the intermittent power supply. The energy storage device, by participating in the appropriate type of ancillary services, may reduce system operating costs and help increase the penetration of renewable energy sources in the power system. In order to effectively stabilize the output power, a battery energy storage system with the characteristics of long cycle life, high power density, high energy density and the like needs to be configured. In general, a power generation system uses energy storage devices such as a single storage battery as main energy storage devices, and the short service life of the power generation system becomes a major short board which restricts the application of energy storage technology. The service life of effectively promoting battery energy storage not only can strengthen the stability and the flexibility of system, can also increase energy storage system's self economic benefits simultaneously.
The equivalent cycle life can be obtained according to the charge-discharge cycle times corresponding to the discharge depth of the battery. Then, the optimal operation state of charging and discharging the battery is determined according to the relation between the equivalent cycle life and the discharging depth. On the basis, an energy storage system model for double-battery-pack operation is provided, frequent charge-discharge state switching of the battery is reduced, and the battery can be closer to the optimal operation state. Finally, the mathematical model is solved using a dynamic programming optimization algorithm based on a daily cost model. According to the operation result of the double-battery model, the electric energy throughput of the energy storage system after one day of operation can be calculated, and then the benefit generated by charging and discharging and the loss condition of the battery after one day of operation are determined.
Disclosure of Invention
Errors caused by uncertainty of new energy output need to be balanced by system reserve. The invention aims to provide a double-battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging the energy storage life of a battery by considering the energy storage economy.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a double-battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging the energy storage life of a battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining the optimal operation state of the battery:
fitting the relation between the depth of discharge and the cycle number by adopting a fourth-order function method shown in formula (1) according to the cycle number of the battery corresponding to the depth of discharge of the battery,
the depth of discharge can be regarded as the energy throughput of the battery, and the number of battery cycles corresponding to the complete energy throughput (completing 1 SOC change) of the battery at a fixed depth of discharge can be defined as the equivalent cycle life NclEquivalent cycle life NclNumber of battery cycles NctAnd depth of discharge DoDProduct of, i.e.
Ncl＝DoD*Nct (2)
In NclMaximum time corresponding depth of discharge DoD,zThe service life of the battery can be prolonged to the maximum extent by charging and discharging in the state, so that the state is called as an optimal operation state;
2) modeling a double-battery-pack operation model:
the dual battery A, B unit has multiple operating states (see table 1), and when the operating state of the dual battery A, B unit changes, the corresponding mathematical model will also change:
TABLE 1 operating conditions of batteries A and B
The mathematical model of the operation of the cell stack A, B is as follows:
wherein, socA,c/B,d/A,d/B,c(i +1) represents the charge-discharge state of cells A and B at time i +1, Pbattery(i) Is the power of the battery at time i; ebatteryIs the energy storage capacity of the battery; etac,ηdThe charge and discharge efficiency of the battery pack A and the battery pack B are respectively;
3) constructing an objective function of the energy storage system:
according to the economic index of the energy storage system, the objective function F of the battery energy storage system is as follows:
F(Pbattery,Ebattery)＝Bbattery-Closs (4)
wherein, PbatteryAnd EbatteryIs a decision variable, BbatteryIs the economic benefit of the battery energy storage system, ClossIs the cost of loss of the energy storage system; in order to calculate the objective function F,
firstly, calculating the economic benefit B of the battery energy storage system according to the following formulabattery：
Wherein n represents dividing the system into n parts in one day; cp/sIs the price of electricity purchased, when soc (i +1) -soc (i) > 0, CpIs the electricity purchase price, and when soc (i +1) -soc (i) < 0, CsIs the price of electricity sold;
and calculating the total cost C of the battery energy storage system according to the following formulaloss：
Closs＝rl×Pbattery×Cub (6)
Wherein r islIs the loss ratio of the battery, CubIs the unit price of the battery, k is the total charge-discharge cycle number of the battery energy storage system, Nct(i) Is the number of battery cycles corresponding to each depth of charge and discharge, DoD(i) Is the depth of each charge and discharge;
4) operating in a mode closest to the optimal operation state to obtain an energy storage SOC curve after one day of operation,
5) calculating the loss and the yield of the energy storage system: the profit can be found by the objective function F and the loss is calculated according to equation (7).
The invention has the main technical effects that:
the original energy storage system usually regards the energy storage device as a whole, and performs unified charging and discharging management. The energy storage loss of the battery is accelerated by the charging and discharging mode, and the cost of the energy storage equipment is further increased. The invention can effectively reduce the charging and discharging frequency, prolong the service life of the energy storage of the battery and increase the economic benefit of the energy storage system. The permeability of renewable energy sources in a power system is improved, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the dual battery pack operating strategy generation of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the equivalent cycle life and the depth of discharge
FIG. 3 is a wind-solar power curve
FIG. 4 is a graph of the energy storage external force curve versus the load demand curve
FIG. 5 is a SOC curve for a dual battery pack
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples. But should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the dual battery pack operation strategy generation of the present invention, and it can be seen from the diagram that the dual battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging the battery energy storage life of the present invention includes the following steps:
1) determining the optimal operation state of the battery:
fitting the relation between the depth of discharge and the cycle number by adopting a fourth-order function method shown in formula (1) according to the cycle number of the battery corresponding to the depth of discharge of the battery,
the depth of discharge can be regarded as the energy throughput of the battery, and the number of battery cycles corresponding to the complete energy throughput (completing 1 SOC change) of the battery at a fixed depth of discharge can be defined as the equivalent cycle life NclEquivalent cycle life NclNumber of battery cycles NctAnd depth of discharge DoDProduct of, i.e.
Ncl＝DoD*Nct (2)
In NclMaximum time corresponding depth of discharge DoD,zThe service life of the battery can be prolonged to the maximum extent by charging and discharging in the state, so that the state is called as an optimal operation state;
2) modeling a double-battery-pack operation model:
the dual battery A, B unit has multiple operating states (see table 1), and when the operating state of the dual battery A, B unit changes, the corresponding mathematical model will also change:
TABLE 1 operating conditions of batteries A and B
The mathematical model of the operation of the cell stack A, B is as follows:
wherein, socA,c/B,d/A,d/B,c(i +1) represents the charge-discharge state of cells A and B at time i +1, Pbattery(i) Is the power of the battery at time i; ebatteryIs the energy storage capacity of the battery; etac,ηdThe charge and discharge efficiency of the battery pack A and the battery pack B are respectively;
3) constructing an objective function of the energy storage system:
according to the economic index of the energy storage system, the objective function F of the battery energy storage system is as follows:
F(Pbattery,Ebattery)＝Bbattery-Closs (4)
wherein, PbatteryAnd EbatteryIs a decision variable, BbatteryIs the economic benefit of the battery energy storage system, ClossIs the cost of loss of the energy storage system; in order to calculate the objective function F,
firstly, calculating the economic benefit B of the battery energy storage system according to the following formulabattery：
Wherein n represents the systemThe operation is divided into n parts in one day; cp/sIs the price of electricity purchased, when soc (i +1) -soc (i) > 0, CpIs the electricity purchase price, and when soc (i +1) -soc (i) < 0, CsIs the price of electricity sold;
and calculating the total cost C of the battery energy storage system according to the following formulaloss：
Closs＝rl×Pbattery×Cub (6)
Wherein r islIs the loss ratio of the battery, CubIs the unit price of the battery, k is the total charge-discharge cycle number of the battery energy storage system, Nct(i) Is the number of battery cycles corresponding to each depth of charge and discharge, DoD(i) Is the depth of each charge and discharge;
4) operating in a mode closest to the optimal operation state to obtain an energy storage SOC curve after one day of operation,
5) calculating the loss and the yield of the energy storage system: the profit can be found by the objective function F and the loss is calculated according to equation (7).
Example-take data of a certain characteristic day of a certain distribution network as an example:
the total capacity of a fan in a distribution network is 1MW, the total photovoltaic capacity is 0.3MW, the installed capacity of a traditional generator is 1.775MW, the load demand is 2.43 MW-2.75 MW, the power of each battery pack is 0.195MW, the capacity is 1.545MWh, the cost price of a lead-acid battery is 0.81 yuan/W, the energy storage purchase price is 0.1 yuan/degree, and the energy storage sale price is 0.5 yuan/degree. Dividing one day into 48 time intervals, wherein fig. 3 is a wind-solar output curve, and fig. 4 is an output curve outside the energy storage and a load demand curve.
TABLE 2 relationship between depth of discharge and cycle number for typical lead-acid batteries
| DoD | Number of cycles | DoD | Number of cycles |
| 0.1 | 3800 | 0.6 | 900 |
| 0.2 | 2850 | 0.7 | 750 |
| 0.3 | 2050 | 0.8 | 650 |
| 0.4 | 1300 | 0.9 | 600 |
| 0.5 | 1050 | 1.0 | 550 |
And 2, establishing an operation model of the double battery packs, and determining the charging and discharging states of the double battery packs according to a formula (3).
And 3, constructing an objective function of the energy storage system, and determining the solved result by the formulas (4) to (8).
And 4, operating the battery energy storage in a mode closest to the optimal operation state according to the output condition and the load requirement of the system shown in the figure 3 and the figure 4. The SOC curves for the two sets of cells can be obtained as shown in fig. 5, and the wear and yield for the two sets of cells as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparative analysis of Battery depletion and economic benefit
Simulation results show that the double battery packs operate in a mode closest to the optimal operation state, the charging and discharging frequency is lowest, and the service life of the battery can be effectively prolonged. The life loss in the table is the percentage of the total life usage of the battery after one day cycling. It can be seen from the table that the battery loss of the single battery pack is higher than the sum of the two battery losses of the double battery pack, thereby indicating that the mode of the double battery pack can better improve the service life of the battery. From the economic benefit of the battery, although the single battery pack can generate great profit through purchasing and selling electricity, the cost is high due to the short energy storage life of the battery, and finally the overall net profit is low. Although the electricity purchasing and selling benefits of the double battery packs are greatly reduced, the cost of the double battery packs is also greatly reduced, and finally the overall net profit is higher than that of the single battery packs. The simulation result shows that the method provided by the invention can effectively prolong the service life of the battery and increase the economic benefit of battery energy storage. The battery energy storage access power system can be widely applied.
Therefore, in order to better consume the renewable energy and reduce the pressure of system regulation, the backup potential needs to be mined from each link of source-network-load-storage, various backup resources are reasonably coordinated, a large-scale uncertain power supply is conveniently and reliably merged into a conventional power grid, the consumption capacity of the power grid on the large-scale renewable energy is solved, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the balance of supply and demand of the system is realized.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A double-battery operation strategy generation method for prolonging the energy storage life of a battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining the optimal operation state of the battery:
fitting the relation between the depth of discharge and the cycle number by adopting a fourth-order function method shown in formula (1) according to the cycle number of the battery corresponding to the depth of discharge of the battery,
the depth of discharge can be regarded as the energy throughput of the battery, and the number of battery cycles corresponding to the complete energy throughput (completing 1 SOC change) of the battery at a fixed depth of discharge can be defined as the equivalent cycle life NclEquivalent cycle life NclNumber of battery cycles NctAnd depth of discharge DoDProduct of, i.e.
Ncl＝DoD*Nct (2)
In NclMaximum time corresponding depth of discharge DoD,zThe strategy of charging and discharging in the state can realize the purpose of prolonging the service life of the battery to the maximum extent, so the state is called as the optimal operation stateState;
2) modeling a double-battery-pack operation model:
the dual battery A, B unit has multiple operating states, and when the operating state of the dual battery A, B unit changes, the corresponding mathematical model will change, and the mathematical model for the operation of the battery A, B unit is as follows:
wherein, socA,c/B,d/A,d/B,c(i +1) represents the charge-discharge state of cells A and B at time i +1, Pbattery(i) Is the power of the battery at time i; ebatteryIs the energy storage capacity of the battery; etac,ηdThe charge and discharge efficiency of the battery pack A and the battery pack B are respectively;
3) constructing an objective function of the energy storage system:
according to the economic index of the energy storage system, the objective function F of the battery energy storage system is as follows:
F(Pbattery,Ebattery)＝Bbattery-Closs (4)
wherein, PbatteryAnd EbatteryIs a decision variable, BbatteryIs the economic benefit of the battery energy storage system, ClossIs the cost of loss of the energy storage system; in order to calculate the objective function F,
calculating the economic benefit B of the battery energy storage system according to the formulabattery：
Wherein n represents dividing the system into n parts in one day; cp/sIs the price of electricity purchased, when soc (i +1) -soc (i) > 0, CpIs the electricity purchase price, and when soc (i +1) -soc (i) < 0, CsIs the price of electricity sold;
and calculating the total cost C of the battery energy storage system according to the following formulaloss：
Closs＝rl×Pbattery×Cub (6)
Wherein r islIs the loss ratio of the battery, CubIs the unit price of the battery, k is the total charge-discharge cycle number of the battery energy storage system, Nct(i) Is the number of battery cycles corresponding to each depth of charge and discharge, DoD(i) Is the depth of each charge and discharge;
4) operating in a mode closest to the optimal operation state to obtain an energy storage SOC curve after one day of operation;
5) calculating the loss and the yield of the energy storage system: the profit is obtained by the objective function F and the loss is calculated according to equation (7).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115799690A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-14 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Operation method and system of energy storage equipment |
| WO2023149301A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid storage battery system, and lead-acid storage battery life estimation method |
| WO2023149302A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid storage battery system, and lead-acid storage battery life estimation method |
| WO2023149304A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid battery system and lead-acid battery service life estimation method |
| WO2023149303A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid storage battery system, and lead-acid storage battery life estimation method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023149301A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid storage battery system, and lead-acid storage battery life estimation method |
| WO2023149302A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid storage battery system, and lead-acid storage battery life estimation method |
| WO2023149304A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid battery system and lead-acid battery service life estimation method |
| WO2023149303A1 (en) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Lead-acid storage battery system, and lead-acid storage battery life estimation method |
| CN115799690A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-14 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Operation method and system of energy storage equipment |
| CN115799690B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-12-26 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Operation method and system of energy storage equipment |
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