CN112290358B - Device and method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peak - Google Patents
Device and method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peak Download PDFInfo
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- CN112290358B CN112290358B CN202010993649.3A CN202010993649A CN112290358B CN 112290358 B CN112290358 B CN 112290358B CN 202010993649 A CN202010993649 A CN 202010993649A CN 112290358 B CN112290358 B CN 112290358B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0057—Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
Abstract
The device comprises a femtosecond laser amplifier, a pulse shaping device, a super-continuous radiation generating device, a spectrum detection device and a computer control system, wherein the time domain shaping is carried out on femtosecond laser pulses by utilizing a Fourier transform pulse shaping technology, so that the method for controlling the super-continuous radiation generated by femtosecond laser filamentation is realized, the optimized control of the super-continuous radiation generated by femtosecond laser filamentation is realized by feedback iterative optimization, and the high-intensity super-continuous radiation output with the randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak position is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of laser filamentation control, and particularly relates to a device and a method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
When ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses are transmitted in an optical medium, due to the kerr self-focusing effect and the defocusing effect of plasma generated by the medium, a plasma filament with the length far exceeding the optical Rayleigh distance is formed, and the spectrum broadening phenomenon of the laser pulses is generated, wherein the spectrum can cover an ultra-wide wavelength region from ultraviolet to infrared, and a laser beam with the spectrum broadening is called as ultra-continuous radiation. The broadband spectral characteristics of the supercontinuum radiation provide a unique white light source for many research and application fields, such as broadband absorption spectroscopy and biomedical imaging. Based on market and research demands in many fields, commercial supercontinuum lasers have appeared, which are based on fiber pumping, the output of which can cover the range from ultraviolet to infrared, and the pulse energy reaches the micro-focus level, and have been applied in many research and application fields.
However, the inventor finds that the existing optical fiber-based supercontinuum white light source still suffers from the limitations of optical fiber material characteristics such as low damage threshold, high coupling requirement, low optical power density and the like, and cannot meet the requirements of some application fields on higher-intensity supercontinuum radiation, such as generation of few-period pulses, remote sensing detection and the like; the supercontinuum radiation generated by the femtosecond laser pulse filamentation has a broadband spectrum from ultraviolet to near infrared, and also has very short pulse width, very high intensity and very good time-space coherence, so that the supercontinuum radiation generated by the femtosecond laser filamentation is optimally controlled to obtain controllable high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output, which is a technical problem to be solved urgently in current research. Known, main physical mechanisms such as self-phase modulation and self-steep effect in the process of generating the ultra-continuous radiation by femtosecond laser filamentation determine that the ultra-continuous radiation process strongly depends on the time and space intensity and phase distribution of initial laser pulse; therefore, by shaping and optimizing the femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform, the optimal control of the filamentation to generate the supercontinuum radiation can be realized. However, the existing method does not involve the spectral peak regulation of the super-continuous radiation broadening region, so how to realize the super-continuous radiation output with randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak position is the problem to be solved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a device and a method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks, in which a fourier transform pulse shaping technique is used to perform time domain shaping on femtosecond laser pulses, so as to implement a method for controlling supercontinuum radiation generated by femtosecond laser filamentation, and the supercontinuum radiation output with adjustable spectral peaks is generated by feedback iterative optimization.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a generation apparatus of a supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peak, comprising a femtosecond laser amplifier, a pulse shaping apparatus, a supercontinuum radiation generation apparatus, and a spectrum detection apparatus; laser pulses emitted by the femtosecond laser amplifier enter the pulse shaping device to obtain time-domain modulated laser pulses, the laser pulses enter the supercontinuum radiation generating device to generate supercontinuum radiation, the supercontinuum radiation enters the spectrum detecting device to be sampled, and sampled data are transmitted to the computer control system to be analyzed; and the computer control system regulates and controls the liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result.
Further, the laser pulse sequentially passes through a grating, a cylindrical focusing mirror and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device.
Further, the optical medium in the supercontinuum radiation generating device is a fused silica medium.
Further, the femtosecond laser amplifier is a titanium-doped sapphire femtosecond laser amplifier, and outputs Gaussian laser pulses with the central wavelength of 800nm, the pulse width of 50fs and the repetition frequency of 1 kHz.
Further, the liquid crystal spatial modulator in the pulse shaping device can be replaced by an acousto-optic modulator.
Further, the optical medium in the supercontinuum radiation generating device may also be replaced by a gas, a liquid or an optical crystal.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks, which employs the apparatus for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks, the method including:
the laser pulse emitted by the femtosecond laser amplifier enters a pulse shaping device to obtain a time-domain modulated laser pulse, the time-domain modulated laser pulse enters a super-continuous radiation generating device to generate super-continuous radiation, the super-continuous radiation enters a spectrum detection device to be sampled, and the sampled data is transmitted to a computer control system to be analyzed; the computer control system regulates and controls the liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result; dynamic adjustment of femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform is realized, and high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output with randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak position is finally obtained.
Further, the shaping process of the pulse shaping device comprises:
after the laser pulse is subjected to grating dispersion, performing first Fourier transform by a cylindrical focusing mirror, converting the laser pulse from a time domain to a frequency domain, and focusing the laser pulse on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, wherein the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is superposed with a focal plane of the cylindrical focusing mirror; the femtosecond laser pulse is reflected after being modulated by the liquid crystal spatial light modulator, is subjected to secondary Fourier transform from a frequency domain to a time domain through the cylindrical focusing mirror again, and is subjected to grating combination to obtain time-domain-modulated femtosecond laser pulse output.
Further, the modulated laser pulse is filamentized in the supercontinuum radiation generating device and generates supercontinuum radiation output, and the generated supercontinuum radiation enters the spectrum detecting device for spectrum collection and measurement.
Further, the spectrum detection device transmits the collected spectrum data to a computer control system for data analysis, and the computer control system adjusts a liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result of the spectrum data so as to realize feedback modulation of laser pulses, wherein pulse modulation parameters are realized by loading a phase diagram obtained by a genetic algorithm on the liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
(1) in the method, a time domain pulse shaping technology is utilized to control a super-continuous radiation spectrum generated by femtosecond laser pulse filamentation, and high-intensity super-continuous radiation output with randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak positions is obtained through feedback iterative optimization;
(2) compared with an optical fiber supercontinuum laser, the supercontinuum radiation generated by femtosecond laser filamentation has higher brightness and coherence, and the real-time regulation and control of the spectrum intensity and the spectrum distribution of the supercontinuum radiation can be realized through the feedback optimization of the shaping pulse.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse shaping device according to a first embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a graph of several exemplary supercontinuum radiance spectra generated by an implementation in fused silica media as described in example one of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
the system comprises a femtosecond laser amplifier 1, a pulse shaping device 2, an ultra-continuous radiation generating device 3, a spectrum detection device 4 and a computer control system 5, wherein the femtosecond laser amplifier is connected with the pulse shaping device; 2-1, a grating, 2-2, a cylindrical focusing mirror, 2-3 and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. The first embodiment is as follows:
the object of this embodiment is to provide a generation device of supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks.
It has been proved in the prior art that the supercontinuum radiation generated by femtosecond laser pulse filamentation has a very short pulse width, very high intensity and good temporal and spatial coherence in addition to a broad band spectrum from ultraviolet to near infrared, and therefore, the supercontinuum radiation generated by femtosecond laser filamentation provides a white light source with higher index for many applications and provides new possibilities and application prospects.
Based on the above theory, the present embodiment provides a device for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peak, as shown in fig. 1, the device includes a femtosecond laser amplifier 1, a pulse shaping device 2, a supercontinuum radiation generating device 3, a spectrum detecting device 4, and a computer control system 5. As shown in fig. 2, the structure of the pulse shaping device 2 is shown, and the pulse shaping device 2 is composed of a grating 2-1, a cylindrical focusing mirror 2-2, and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3.
The femtosecond laser amplifier 1 parameters used in the present disclosure are a center wavelength of 800nm, a pulse duration of 50fs, and a repetition frequency of 1 kHz. The femtosecond laser pulse generated by the femtosecond laser amplifier 1 enters the pulse shaping device 2; after the femtosecond laser pulse is dispersed by a grating 2-1 in a pulse shaping device 2, carrying out first Fourier transform by a cylindrical surface focusing mirror 2-2, transforming the femtosecond laser pulse from a time domain to a frequency domain, and focusing the femtosecond laser pulse on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3, wherein the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is superposed with a focal plane of the cylindrical surface focusing mirror 2-2; the femtosecond laser pulse is reflected after being modulated by the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3, is subjected to secondary Fourier transform again by the cylindrical focusing lens 2-2 to be transformed from a frequency domain to a time domain, and is combined by the grating 2-1 to obtain the femtosecond laser pulse output modulated by the time domain. Wherein, the pulse modulation parameters are realized by loading a phase diagram obtained by genetic algorithm in the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3 through a computer control system 5.
The shaped femtosecond laser pulses obtained by the pulse shaping device 2 enter the supercontinuum radiation generating device 3, the shaped femtosecond laser is formed into filaments in the supercontinuum radiation generating device 3, and supercontinuum radiation output is generated, the optical medium in the supercontinuum radiation generating device 3 is a fused quartz medium, and a few typical supercontinuum radiation spectrogram examples generated in the fused quartz medium are shown in fig. 3; the ultra-continuous radiation generated by the ultra-continuous radiation generating device 3 enters the spectrum detection device 4 for spectrum collection and measurement; the supercontinuum radiation spectrum data obtained by the spectrum detection device 4 are transmitted to a computer control system 5 for data analysis; according to the spectral data analysis result, the liquid crystal spatial light modulators 2-3 are regulated and controlled again through the computer control system 5, the femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform is regulated, further the optimized control of the supercontinuum radiation generated by the femtosecond laser filamentation is realized, and the high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output with the randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak positions is obtained.
With reference to fig. 4, the operation steps of the generation apparatus of the super-continuous radiation described in the present disclosure are as follows:
executing the step 1, and starting to perform self-checking on the device; performing self-checking normally, and executing the step 2;
step 6 is executed, the femtosecond laser pulse is fed back and optimized, and the step 3-5 is executed again;
and 7, executing step 7, outputting the qualified supercontinuum radiation, and ending.
Example two:
based on the generation device of the supercontinuum radiation with the adjustable spectral peak, the liquid crystal spatial modulator in the pulse shaping device can be replaced by an acousto-optic modulator, and then the shaping method based on the acousto-optic modulator is adopted to realize the shaping of the laser pulse.
Further, the optical medium in the supercontinuum radiation generating device can be replaced by a gas, a liquid or an optical crystal.
Example three:
the object of this embodiment is to provide a method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks.
A method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks comprises the following steps:
the device for generating the supercontinuum radiation with the adjustable spectral peak is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
the laser emitted by the femtosecond laser amplifier enters a pulse shaping device to obtain a time-domain modulated laser pulse, the laser pulse enters a super-continuous radiation generating device to generate super-continuous radiation, the super-continuous radiation enters a spectrum detection device to be sampled, and the sampled data is transmitted to a computer control system to be analyzed; the computer control system regulates and controls the liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result; dynamic adjustment of femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform is realized, and high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output with randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak position is finally obtained.
Specifically, with reference to the structural arrangements in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the specific steps of the method for generating supercontinuum radiation with adjustable spectral peaks are as follows:
the femtosecond laser beam generated by the femtosecond laser amplifier 1 enters the pulse shaping device 2; after the femtosecond laser pulse is dispersed by a grating 2-1 in a pulse shaping device 2, a cylindrical surface focusing mirror 2-2 carries out first Fourier transform, and the femtosecond laser pulse is transformed from a time domain to a frequency domain and then focused on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3, wherein the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is superposed with a focal plane of the cylindrical surface focusing mirror 2-2; the femtosecond laser pulse is modulated and reflected by the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3, then is subjected to second Fourier transform by the cylindrical focusing lens 2-2 again to be transformed from a frequency domain to a time domain, and is combined by the grating 2-1 to obtain the femtosecond laser pulse output modulated by the time domain. The pulse modulation parameters are realized by loading a phase diagram obtained by a genetic algorithm in the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 2-3 through a computer control system 5.
The shaped femtosecond laser pulses obtained by the pulse shaping device 2 enter the supercontinuum radiation generating device 3, the shaped femtosecond laser is formed into filaments in the supercontinuum radiation generating device 3, and supercontinuum radiation output is generated, the optical medium in the supercontinuum radiation generating device 3 is a fused quartz medium, and a few typical supercontinuum radiation spectrogram examples generated in the fused quartz medium are shown in fig. 3; the ultra-continuous radiation generated by the ultra-continuous radiation generating device 3 enters the spectrum detection device 4 for spectrum collection and measurement; the supercontinuum radiation spectrum data obtained by the spectrum detection device 4 are transmitted to a computer control system 5 for data analysis; according to the spectral data analysis result, the liquid crystal spatial light modulators 2-3 are regulated and controlled again through the computer control system 5, the femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform is regulated, further the optimized control of the supercontinuum radiation generated by the femtosecond laser filamentation is realized, and the high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output with the randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak positions is obtained.
The device and the method for generating the supercontinuum radiation with the adjustable spectral peak can be completely realized, and have wide application prospects.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A generation device of super-continuous radiation with adjustable spectral peak is characterized by comprising a femtosecond laser amplifier, a pulse shaping device, a super-continuous radiation generation device and a spectral detection device; laser emitted by the femtosecond laser amplifier enters a pulse shaping device to obtain a time-domain modulated laser pulse, the laser pulse enters a super-continuous radiation generating device to generate super-continuous radiation, the super-continuous radiation enters a spectrum detection device to be sampled, and sampling data are transmitted to a computer control system to be analyzed; the computer control system regulates and controls the liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result; the method has the advantages that the femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform is adjusted, so that the optimized control of the supercontinuum radiation generated by the femtosecond laser filamentation is realized, and the high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output with the randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak position is obtained; the optical medium in the supercontinuum radiation generating device is a fused silica medium.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pulses sequentially pass through a grating, a cylindrical focusing mirror and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the femtosecond laser amplifier is a titanium sapphire femtosecond laser amplifier, and outputs gaussian laser pulses with a central wavelength of 800nm, a pulse width of 50fs, and a repetition rate of 1 kHz.
4. The apparatus for generating supercontinuum radiation with tunable spectral peaks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal spatial modulator in said pulse shaping means can be replaced by an acousto-optic modulator.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the optical medium of the apparatus can be replaced by a gas, a liquid or an optical crystal.
6. A method for generating supercontinuum radiation with tunable spectral peaks, using a device for generating supercontinuum radiation with tunable spectral peaks according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises:
the laser emitted by the femtosecond laser amplifier enters a pulse shaping device to obtain a time-domain modulated laser pulse, the laser pulse enters a super-continuous radiation generating device to generate super-continuous radiation, the super-continuous radiation enters a spectrum detection device to be sampled, and the sampled data is transmitted to a computer control system to be analyzed; the computer control system regulates and controls the liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result; dynamic adjustment of femtosecond laser pulse time domain waveform is realized, and high-intensity supercontinuum radiation output with randomly adjustable spectral intensity distribution and spectral peak position is finally obtained.
7. A method for generating supercontinuum radiation with tunable spectral peaks as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the shaping process of said pulse shaping means comprises:
after the laser pulse is subjected to grating dispersion, performing first Fourier transform by a cylindrical focusing mirror, converting the laser pulse from a time domain to a frequency domain, and scattering the laser pulse on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, wherein the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is superposed with a focal plane of the cylindrical focusing mirror; the femtosecond laser pulse is reflected after being modulated by the liquid crystal spatial light modulator, is subjected to secondary Fourier transform from a frequency domain to a time domain through the cylindrical focusing mirror again, and is subjected to grating combination to obtain time-domain-modulated femtosecond laser pulse output.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the modulated laser pulses are shaped into femtosecond filaments in the supercontinuum radiation generating device and generate supercontinuum radiation output, and the generated supercontinuum radiation output enters the spectrum detecting device for spectrum collection and measurement.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the spectrum detection device transmits the collected spectrum data to the computer control system for data analysis, and the computer control system adjusts the liquid crystal spatial light modulator in the pulse shaping device according to the analysis result of the spectrum data to realize feedback modulation of the laser pulse, wherein the pulse modulation parameter is realized by loading a phase diagram obtained by a genetic algorithm on the liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
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