CN112287621B - Wind turbine generator operating state threshold curve determining method, evaluation method and system - Google Patents
Wind turbine generator operating state threshold curve determining method, evaluation method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator, an evaluation method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring operation parameter data and environment parameter data of selected components of the wind turbine during the operation of the wind turbine; selecting a threshold value curve from a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on model design simulation data or a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on prototype test data based on the environmental parameter data and the wind turbine generator selected component; evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running parameter data; therefore, the running state of the wind turbine generator is evaluated in real time, and the evaluation efficiency and accuracy are improved; the establishment of the evaluation and analysis method for the running state of the wind turbine generator has important value for ensuring safe, reliable and stable running of the wind turbine generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generators and control, in particular to a method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator, an evaluation method and a system.
Background
Earlier, experts or technicians empirically determined the operating conditions of the plant based on data relating to characteristics of the plant, such as vibration, noise, temperature, etc., observed by the naked eye during operation. The method belongs to manual diagnosis, only can simply judge the equipment state as normal or fault, and is influenced by personal experience, subjective factors and the like, and the diagnosis accuracy is not high. With the increasing complexity of the structure of the wind turbine generator, the manual diagnosis cannot meet the evaluation requirement of the wind turbine generator.
On-line monitoring and state evaluation of wind turbines have attracted attention of researchers and engineers at home and abroad, and the technology popularized and applied in engineering at present is mainly used for evaluating the health state of the wind turbines in the operation process by monitoring state monitoring information data of key components and applying a specific data processing and fault diagnosis method.
Most of the existing technologies for evaluating the running state of a large-scale wind turbine generator are state monitoring technologies, and are mainly realized by collecting signals in the running process through installing monitoring devices or sensors on key components, such as monitoring of the states of stress, strain, temperature, vibration and the like of components such as a tower, blades, a pitch bearing, a yaw bearing, a main shaft, a gear box, a generator and the like.
With the rapid development of the wind power industry, the development trend of the single machine capacity of the wind generating set is large. Wind farms have also evolved from land to sea. At present, Chinese wind power generator set products form a relatively complete sequence, and domestic maximum capacity 10MW units are off-line. The design life of the wind turbine generator is generally 20-25 years, and the actual operation state of the wind turbine generator cannot completely meet the ideal model in design due to certain difference between the actual operation environment and the design parameters. In addition, for the offshore wind turbine, the evaluation of the operating state of the wind turbine will be more important due to the complex operating environment, the harsh maintenance conditions and the higher operation and maintenance cost.
The wind power plant is remote, the distribution range is wide, the cabin height is generally dozens of meters or even higher, once a fault occurs, the fault is difficult to find and maintain in time, the operation and maintenance cost is increased, and economic loss is caused. In order to ensure safe and stable operation of the wind turbine, reduce the fault rate of the wind turbine, reduce the operation and maintenance cost of the wind turbine, improve the utilization rate and reliability of the wind turbine and prolong the service life of the wind turbine, the state monitoring information of the wind turbine is a direct basis for objectively and effectively reflecting the operation state of the wind turbine.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defect of the existing wind turbine generator running state evaluation, the invention provides a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determining method, which comprises the following steps:
dividing a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval into a plurality of ideal wind speeds;
respectively generating a plurality of turbulent winds based on each ideal wind speed;
calculating the wind turbine generator by using the wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed, a simulation result at the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed;
and determining an operation evaluation coefficient based on the correlation between the simulation results under all the ideal wind speeds and the simulation results under all the turbulent wind speeds, and determining a threshold curve according to the distribution condition of the operation coefficient.
Preferably, the generating a plurality of turbulent winds based on each ideal wind speed respectively comprises:
for each desired wind speed, a plurality of random turbulent wind files are generated using the turbulence factor and shear index for the design wind speed.
Preferably, the calculating the wind turbine generator by using the wind turbine generator simulation method for each ideal wind speed and the plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed and the ideal wind speed simulation result and each turbulent simulation result corresponding to each selected component includes:
inputting each ideal wind speed into the wind turbine simulation model for simulation calculation based on the wind turbine simulation model to obtain a first time sequence simulation result of the wind turbine and each component at each ideal wind speed;
and inputting each random turbulent wind file into the wind turbine simulation model for simulation based on the wind turbine simulation model to obtain a second time sequence simulation result of each wind turbine under turbulent wind and each selected part.
Preferably, the determining a threshold curve based on the correlation of the simulation results at all ideal wind speeds and the simulation results at all turbulences includes:
based on each ideal wind speed, selecting an expression of the operation state evaluation coefficient to calculate the correlation coefficient of all the first time sequence simulation results and the second time sequence simulation results to obtain an operation state evaluation coefficient vector;
constructing an upper limit matrix of each selected component and each ideal wind speed based on the maximum value of elements in all operation state evaluation coefficient vectors of each selected component and each ideal wind speed;
constructing a lower limit matrix of each selected component and each ideal wind speed based on the minimum value of elements in the evaluation coefficient vector of all the running states of each selected component and each ideal wind speed;
and respectively fitting the upper limit matrix or the lower limit matrix on each corresponding ideal wind speed to obtain an upper limit threshold curve or a lower limit threshold curve of each selected component and each ideal wind speed.
Preferably, the expression of the operating condition evaluation coefficient is as follows:
wherein,
is any one of the following expressions:
in the formula,
evaluating the coefficient for the running state;
representing the evaluated operating state, taking the values as an operating parameter matrix
；
Representing the standard running state as reference and taking the value as a simulation result matrix
(ii) a K is the total number of the selected parameters, and L is the number of sampling points in the monitoring period.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a wind turbine generator operation state threshold value curve determining system, which comprises:
the ideal wind speed extraction module is used for dividing the designed wind speed interval of the wind turbine generator into a plurality of ideal wind speeds;
the generating module is used for respectively generating a plurality of turbulent wind based on each ideal wind speed;
the ideal wind speed simulation module is used for calculating the wind turbine generator by utilizing the wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed and the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed;
and the first threshold curve determining module is used for determining an operation evaluation coefficient based on the correlation between all ideal wind speed simulation results and all turbulence simulation results, and determining a threshold curve according to the distribution condition of the operation coefficient.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for determining the threshold curve of the running state of the wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps:
testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator set based on a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence;
for the selected parts of the wind turbine generator, a wind turbine generator testing system is used for testing in real time to obtain testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds;
carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing a wind turbine simulation model based on each test wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine and each selected component under each test wind speed;
determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; and determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient.
Preferably, the obtaining of the simulation result of the wind turbine generator and each selected component at each test wind speed by performing simulation calculation by using the simulation model based on each test wind speed includes:
designing a wind speed interval based on the wind turbine generator, and testing according to a test period by using a prototype of the wind turbine generator between a cut-in wind speed and a cut-out wind speed; wherein each test cycle obtains a set of wind speed time series data at the hub height;
respectively calculating the average value of the wind speed time sequence data as ideal wind speed data corresponding to the test period based on each period;
and carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing the wind turbine generator simulation model based on the time sequence wind speed corresponding to each test period to obtain a simulation result.
Preferably, the operation state evaluation coefficient is determined based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed; determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating condition evaluation coefficient comprises:
selecting an operation state evaluation coefficient based on a simulation result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed and a test result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed;
on the basis of all parameters of all selected components, the operation state evaluation coefficient corresponds to the ideal wind speed of all test periods, and a matrix corresponding to all selected components is constructed;
drawing a scatter diagram by taking the ideal wind speed of each test period as an abscissa and the running state evaluation coefficient as an ordinate according to the matrix corresponding to each selected component;
constructing an upper threshold curve based on an upper boundary in the scatter diagram;
and constructing a lower threshold curve based on the lower boundary in the scatter diagram.
Preferably, the expression of the operating condition evaluation coefficient is as follows:
wherein,
is any one of the following expressions:
in the formula,
evaluating the coefficient for the running state;
representing the evaluated operating state, taking the values as an operating parameter matrix
；
Representing the standard running state as reference and taking the value as a simulation result matrix
(ii) a K is the total number of the selected parameters, and L is the number of sampling points in the monitoring period.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a wind turbine generator operation state threshold value curve determining system, which comprises:
the test wind speed extraction module is used for testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator based on a wind turbine generator design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence;
the testing module is used for testing the selected parts of the wind turbine generator in real time by using a wind turbine generator testing system to obtain testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds;
the test wind speed simulation module is used for carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing a wind turbine simulation model based on each test wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine and each selected component under each test wind speed;
the second threshold curve determining module is used for determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; and determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a wind turbine generator running state evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting operation parameter test data and environment parameter data of selected components of the wind turbine generator during the operation of the wind turbine generator;
determining running parameter simulation data of the wind turbine generator and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind turbine generator simulation model;
calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data;
selecting a threshold value curve from a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on model design simulation data or a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on prototype test data based on the wind turbine generator running state evaluation coefficient;
evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running state evaluation coefficient;
the wind turbine generator operation state threshold curve method determined based on the model design simulation data is the wind turbine generator operation state threshold curve according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
the selection threshold curve of the threshold curves of the wind turbine generator operating state determined on the basis of the prototype test data is the selection threshold curve of the threshold curves of the wind turbine generator operating state according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
Preferably, the acquiring the operation parameter data of the wind turbine generator includes:
collecting the running parameters of the wind turbine generator based on an SCADA system and a load collection system to form a parameter matrix;
the operation parameters of the wind turbine generator set comprise: the system comprises a blade attitude parameter, an impeller attitude parameter, a component rotating speed, a transmission chain rotating speed/torque, a component vibration parameter, an electrical parameter, a blade bending moment torque and a tower barrel bending moment torque.
Preferably, the environment parameter data includes: wind speed, wind direction, turbulence intensity, wind shear index;
the selected components include: the device comprises a tower barrel, blades, a yaw bearing, a variable pitch bearing, a main shaft, a gear box and a generator;
the selected element value may be force, displacement, velocity, acceleration, power generation.
Preferably, the evaluating the operating state of the wind turbine generator system based on the threshold curve includes:
determining to evaluate by using an upper limit threshold curve or a lower threshold curve based on the selected running state evaluation coefficient calculation formula;
when the upper limit threshold curve is used for evaluation, the wind turbine generator is in a normal operation state when the current operation state evaluation coefficient is below the upper limit threshold curve, and the other conditions belong to abnormal operation states;
when the lower limit threshold curve is used for evaluation, the wind turbine generator is in a normal operation state when the evaluation coefficient of the current operation state is above the lower limit threshold curve, and the other conditions belong to abnormal operation states.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a wind turbine generator running state evaluation system, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation parameter data and the environment parameter data of the wind turbine generator and the selected components thereof during the operation of the wind turbine generator;
the running state calculation module is used for determining running parameter simulation data of the wind generating set and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind generating set simulation model; calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data;
the threshold selection module is used for evaluating the operating state of the wind turbine generator and selecting a threshold curve from the operating state threshold curve of the wind turbine generator determined based on model design simulation data or the operating state threshold curve of the wind turbine generator determined based on prototype test data;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running state evaluation coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a method and a system for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps: dividing a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval into a plurality of ideal wind speeds; respectively generating a plurality of turbulent winds based on each ideal wind speed; calculating the wind turbine generator by using the wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed, a simulation result at the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed; determining a threshold curve based on the correlation of all ideal wind speed simulation results and all turbulence simulation results; the method combines ideal wind speed and turbulent wind, utilizes simulation software to simulate and draw a threshold curve closer to an actual operation curve, ensures that the calculated threshold is more accurate, and adopts a plurality of correlation calculation modes closer to the complex environment of actual operation;
2. the invention provides a method and a system for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps: testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator set based on a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence; for the selected parts of the wind turbine generator, a wind turbine generator testing system is used for testing in real time to obtain testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds; carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing a wind turbine simulation model based on each test wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine and each selected component under each test wind speed; determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient; the threshold curve drawn by combining the method of a test prototype and a unit simulation model is closer to an actual operation curve, so that the calculated threshold is more accurate, and meanwhile, the invention also adopts a plurality of correlation calculation modes to be closer to the complex environment of actual operation;
3. the invention provides a wind turbine generator running state evaluation method and system, comprising the following steps: collecting operation parameter test data and environment parameter data of selected components of the wind turbine generator during the operation of the wind turbine generator; determining running parameter simulation data of the wind turbine generator and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind turbine generator simulation model; calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data; selecting a threshold value curve from a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on model design simulation data or a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on prototype test data based on the wind turbine generator running state evaluation coefficient; the running state of the wind turbine generator is evaluated based on the threshold curve and the running evaluation coefficient, so that the evaluation efficiency and accuracy are improved; the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine generator is guaranteed, the fault rate of the wind turbine generator is reduced, the operation and maintenance cost of the wind turbine generator is reduced, and the utilization rate, reliability and service life of the wind turbine generator are improved;
4. according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the wind turbine generator running state evaluation and analysis method is established, so that the wind turbine generator has important value in ensuring safe, reliable and stable running.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a wind turbine generator operation state evaluation method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the evaluation of the operating state of the wind turbine;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator based on model design simulation data according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 wind turbine coordinate system;
FIG. 5 lower limit type running state evaluation coefficient;
FIG. 6 upper limit type operation evaluation coefficient;
FIG. 7 is a scatter plot of drive train operating condition evaluation coefficients based on simulation data;
FIG. 8 is a drive train operation evaluation coefficient threshold curve based on simulation data;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator based on prototype test data according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of wind turbine generator drive train operating condition evaluation coefficient distribution based on test data;
FIG. 11 extracts boundary data points for threshold curve fitting;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a wind turbine generator operation state evaluation system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a wind turbine generator operating state threshold curve determination system based on model design simulation data according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a system for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator based on prototype test data according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention utilizes the data of wind turbine on-site operation data, environmental data, operation attitude, load and the like and the design simulation data to carry out correlation analysis, and provides a method for evaluating the operation state of the whole wind turbine and parts, thereby carrying out real-time evaluation on the operation state of the wind turbine.
Example 1:
the invention provides a wind turbine generator running state evaluation method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
s101, collecting operation parameter test data and environment parameter data of selected parts of the wind turbine generator during the operation of the wind turbine generator;
s102, determining running parameter simulation data of the wind turbine generator and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind turbine generator simulation model;
s103, calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data;
s104, based on the wind turbine generator running state evaluation coefficient, selecting a threshold value curve from a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on model design simulation data or a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on prototype test data;
s105, evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running evaluation coefficient.
The specific flow is shown in fig. 2:
during the operation of the wind turbine generator, monitoring time sequence data of a blade attitude parameter, an impeller attitude parameter, a component rotating speed, a transmission chain rotating speed/torque, a component vibration parameter, an electrical parameter and the like of the wind turbine generator by using an SCADA system; testing time sequence data of parameters such as blade bending moment and torque, tower barrel bending moment and torque and the like by using a load real-time acquisition system;
selecting the parameters to form a complete machine or key component operation parameter matrix
And K is the total number of the selected parameters,
is the number of sampling points in the monitoring period;
testing parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, turbulence intensity, wind shear index and the like by utilizing an environment parameter real-time acquisition system;
inputting the environmental parameter real-time acquisition module data into wind turbine generator simulation software, calculating to obtain wind turbine generator operation parameters and load parameters under ideal design conditions, and obtaining a simulation result matrix of the whole machine or key components
，
Of and
corresponding;
calculating the evaluation coefficient of the running state of the whole machine or the key component
；
Judging the evaluation coefficient of the running state under the current wind speed
The size of the threshold curve of the running state, when the threshold curve is of an upper limit type
Or lower limit type threshold value curve
And meanwhile, the wind turbine generator or the key component is in a normal operation state, and other conditions belong to an abnormal operation state.
Example 2
The invention also provides a method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator, that is, the invention refers to the threshold curve of the operating state of the wind turbine generator determined based on model design simulation data in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, including:
s201, dividing a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval into a plurality of ideal wind speeds;
s202, respectively generating a plurality of turbulent winds based on each ideal wind speed;
s203, calculating the wind turbine generator by using the wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed, a simulation result at the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed;
s204, determining an operation evaluation coefficient based on the correlation of all ideal wind speed simulation results and all turbulence simulation results, and determining a threshold curve according to the distribution condition of the operation coefficient.
The specific process is as follows:
firstly, a wind speed interval is designed for the wind turbine generator, namely, cut-in wind speed
And cut out the wind speed
Equally dividing the wind speed into n-1 wind speed intervals to obtain
And the value of n is divided according to the requirement. According to the design standard of the wind turbine generator,
spacer
Preferably less than 2 m/s;
② for each
Generating m random turbulence wind files by using turbulence coefficient and shear index of design wind conditions
，j=1，2，3，…，m，
Wherein y and z are coordinate values, T is a time value, and T is an analysis period, as shown in fig. 4;
thirdly, each random turbulent wind file
And inputting simulation software of the wind turbine generator, and calculating a simulation result of the wind turbine generator component needing attention under each turbulent wind. The simulation result for the jth wind file is expressed as
Where K is the number of variables of interest,
is the number of sample points, vector
Representing the distribution value of the concerned variable in time sequence;
which may be a variable of one or several of the components of the tower, blades, yaw bearings, pitch bearings, main shaft, gearbox, generator, etc., K is the total number of variables of interest,
the element values of (a) may be variables of force, displacement, velocity, acceleration, power generation, and the like.
Fourthly, every ideal wind speed
Inputting simulation software of the wind turbine generator, and calculating a simulation result
：
For each wind condition
Calculate all
And
correlation coefficient to obtain running state evaluation coefficient vector
Wherein, the calculation method of each element is as follows:
wherein,
is a correlation coefficient calculation formula. Calculate all
And
the correlation coefficient can be expressed as
Sixthly, calculating to obtain vector quantity
Then, taking the element in the vector to take the maximum value
Or minimum value
It is then mixed with
Correspondingly, an upper limit matrix (5) or a lower limit matrix (6) is obtained
Ceiling matrix
(5)
Lower limit matrix
(6)
Will element
In that
Fitting on the distribution to obtain a lower threshold curve
. Will be provided with
In that
Fitting on the distribution to obtain an upper threshold curve
。
The selection of the threshold curve is specifically as follows:
when the wind speed changes, the wind turbine generator only operates between the cut-out wind speed and the cut-out wind speed, and the rest wind speed interval units are in a shutdown state. In the operation wind speed interval of the unit, the operation state of the whole unit or parts of the unit can be divided into two states of normal operation and abnormal operation, and the decomposition curves of the two states are threshold curves. The threshold curve has an upper limit type threshold curve
Lower limit type threshold value curve
。
for equations (10) - (12), the closer the value is to 1, the higher the correlation, when the threshold is used
The lower limit type running state evaluation coefficient is shown in fig. 5; for equations (13) and (14), the closer the value is to 0, the higher the correlation, and in this case, the threshold value is used
The upper limit type operation evaluation coefficient is shown in FIG. 6.
A method for determining an operating state evaluation coefficient threshold curve based on model design simulation data; the method is completely based on a unit simulation model, the operation evaluation coefficient at the moment is the correlation of two sets of simulation time sequence data of an 'ideal wind + unit simulation model' and a 'turbulent wind + unit simulation model', a large amount of simulation time sequence data are used for obtaining a large amount of operation evaluation coefficients, the operation evaluation coefficients are all operation evaluation coefficients in a normal state, the operation evaluation coefficients are distributed in a region in a concentrated mode, and the boundary of the operation evaluation coefficients is a threshold curve.
Taking a certain wind turbine as an example, the cut-in wind speed designed by the wind turbine
Cut out of wind speed
. Taking the evaluation of the running state of the transmission chain as an example, for a certain hub height and wind speed, the monitoring variable matrix F selects the hub rotating speed
Low shaft speed
High speed shaft rotational speed
Rotational speed of generator
，
。
1) Operating wind speed range for wind turbine generator design
Dividing wind speed intervals, and enabling n =13 to obtain a series of hub height wind speeds
In m/s.
2) Respectively aiming at the height wind speed of each hub
Generating 12 random turbulence wind files
，
When m =12, wherein T is 10min, the value of m can be increased according to the actual situation;
3) respectively mixing each random turbulence wind file
Inputting a simulation model of the wind turbine generator, and respectively calculating 4 parameters of a transmission chain under each turbulent wind file, wherein the parameters comprise: rotational speed of hub
Low shaft speed
High speed shaft rotational speed
Rotational speed of generator
. Simulation results for the jth turbulent wind file, expressed as
Where K =4, number of samples in time series
=12000。
4) Ideal wind speed
Inputting dynamics and power generation performance simulation software of the wind turbine generator, and calculating a simulation result
. Selecting an expression (10) as an operation state evaluation coefficient;
5) for 13 wind speeds, the correlation coefficient of the lower simulation results of all 12 turbulent wind files at each wind speed is calculated
To obtain
The calculated scatter diagram is shown in fig. 7:
6) all points in FIG. 7 are in normal operating condition, and each is calculated
Corresponding minimum value
As shown in fig. 7.
Obtain a lower limit matrix
，
7) Fitting to obtain a lower threshold curve
As shown in fig. 8.
Example 3
The invention also provides a method for determining a threshold curve of the running state of the wind turbine, namely, the method for determining the threshold curve of the running state of the wind turbine based on the prototype test data, which is disclosed in embodiment 1, and as shown in fig. 9, comprises the following steps:
s301, testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator based on a wind turbine generator design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence;
s302, for the selected parts of the wind turbine generator, real-time testing is carried out by using a wind turbine generator testing system, and testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds are obtained;
s303, based on the test wind speeds, carrying out simulation calculation by using a wind turbine simulation model to obtain simulation results of the wind turbine and the selected components at the test wind speeds;
s304, determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed; and determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient.
The specific process is as follows:
1) a prototype test is carried out on the wind turbine generator within the designed wind speed interval, and the test wind speed covers the cut-in wind speed
And cut out the wind speed
。
2) Taking T as a test period, generally, T exceeds 10min, testing a group of hub height wind speed data in each period, and obtaining a series of time sequence distribution values of wind speed
Calculating the average wind speed to obtain
Up to
Covering
And
，
=1, 2, …, n, n is the total number of test cycles T during the entire test;
3) selecting the parameters or component variables of the machine to be monitored
Test period and sampling frequency of the same
Synchronization, where K is the total number of variables of interest,
at the wind speed
Number of sampling points, vector, in the test period T
Representing the distribution of the monitored variables over time.
Can be a variant of one or several of the components of the tower, blades, pitch bearings, yaw bearings, main shaft, gearbox, generator, etc.,
the element values of (a) may be variables such as force, displacement, velocity, acceleration, power values, etc.
4) Each group of measurement
Inputting the simulation result into simulation software of the wind turbine generator set, and calculating the simulation result
：
5) For each
Calculating
And
the correlation coefficient is obtained, the evaluation coefficient of the running state is obtained,
the calculation method is as follows:
wherein,
is a correlation coefficient calculation formula. Computing
And
the correlation coefficient can be expressed as
6) Calculating to obtain a vector
And
one-to-one correspondence is obtained
7) To the elements in the matrix (9) to
Is shown as the abscissa of the graph,
drawing a scatter diagram for the ordinate, extracting boundary points of data points in the diagram, and fitting the upper boundary points to obtain
And fitting the lower boundary point to obtain the target.
The following explains the present embodiment by taking a certain wind turbine as an example
1) The wind turbine generator is tested in a prototype model in a designed wind speed interval, and the test wind speed covers the cut-in wind speed
And cut out the wind speed
。
2) Selecting a test period T for 10min, testing a group of hub height wind speed data in each period, and obtaining a series of time sequence distribution values of wind speed
Calculating the mean wind speedTo
Up to
Covering
And
， 
=1, 2, …, n, a total of 5000 valid data sets were extracted from this trial, so n = 5000;
3) monitoring variables
Selecting the rotational speed of the hub
Low shaft speed
High speed shaft rotational speed
Rotational speed of generator
The total number of variables K =4, and the number of sample points within T L = 1200.
4) For each group tested
Inputting the simulation result into simulation software of the wind turbine generator set, and calculating the simulation result
：
5) For each
Calculation of the selected equation (14)
And
coefficient of running state evaluation
；
6) Will be provided with
And
drawing scatter diagrams in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and referring to fig. 10;
7) extracting the upper boundary point fitting of the data points in FIG. 10 to obtain
See fig. 11.
Example 4:
in order to implement the method of embodiment 1, the present invention further provides a wind turbine generator operation state evaluation system, as shown in fig. 12, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation parameter data and the environment parameter data of the wind turbine generator and the selected components thereof during the operation of the wind turbine generator;
the running state calculation module is used for determining running parameter simulation data of the wind generating set and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind generating set simulation model; calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data;
the threshold selection module is used for evaluating the operating state of the wind turbine generator and selecting a threshold curve from the operating state threshold curve of the wind turbine generator determined based on model design simulation data or the operating state threshold curve of the wind turbine generator determined based on prototype test data;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running evaluation coefficient.
The functions implemented by the modules in the system are the same as those in embodiments 1 to 3, and will not be described again here.
Example 5:
the present invention also provides a system for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine, that is, a system for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine determined based on model design simulation data, as shown in fig. 13, the system includes:
the ideal wind speed extraction module is used for dividing the designed wind speed interval of the wind turbine generator into a plurality of ideal wind speeds;
the generating module is used for respectively generating a plurality of turbulent wind based on each ideal wind speed;
the ideal wind speed simulation module is used for calculating the wind turbine generator by utilizing the wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed and the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed;
and the first threshold curve determining module is used for determining an operation evaluation coefficient based on the correlation between all ideal wind speed simulation results and all turbulence simulation results, and determining a threshold curve according to the distribution condition of the operation coefficient. The functions implemented by the modules in the system are consistent with those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.
Example 6:
the invention also provides a system for determining the threshold curve of the running state of the wind turbine, namely a system for determining the threshold curve of the running state of the wind turbine based on the prototype test data, as shown in fig. 14, comprising:
the test wind speed extraction module is used for testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator based on a wind turbine generator design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence;
the testing module is used for testing the selected parts of the wind turbine generator in real time by using a wind turbine generator testing system to obtain testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds;
the test wind speed simulation module is used for carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing a wind turbine simulation model based on each test wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine and each selected component under each test wind speed;
the second threshold curve determining module is used for determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; and determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient. The functions implemented by the modules in the system are consistent with embodiment 2, and will not be described again here.
It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention which are filed as the application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval into a plurality of ideal wind speeds;
respectively generating a plurality of turbulent winds based on each ideal wind speed;
calculating the wind turbine generator by using a wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed and the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed;
determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the correlation between simulation results under all ideal wind speeds and simulation results under all turbulent wind speeds, and determining a threshold curve according to the distribution condition of the operation state evaluation coefficient;
the method for calculating the wind turbine generator by using the wind turbine generator simulation method to obtain the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed, the ideal wind speed simulation result corresponding to each selected component and each turbulence simulation result comprises the following steps:
inputting each ideal wind speed into the wind turbine simulation model for simulation calculation based on the wind turbine simulation model to obtain a first time sequence simulation result of the wind turbine and each component at each ideal wind speed;
inputting each random turbulent wind file into the wind turbine simulation model for simulation based on the wind turbine simulation model to obtain a second time sequence simulation result of each turbulent wind-lower wind turbine and each selected component;
determining a threshold curve based on correlations of simulation results at all ideal wind speeds and simulation results at all turbulences, including:
based on each ideal wind speed, selecting an expression of the operation state evaluation coefficient to calculate the correlation coefficient of all the first time sequence simulation results and the second time sequence simulation results to obtain an operation state evaluation coefficient vector;
constructing an upper limit matrix of each selected component and each ideal wind speed based on the maximum value of elements in all operation state evaluation coefficient vectors of each selected component and each ideal wind speed;
constructing a lower limit matrix of each selected component and each ideal wind speed based on the minimum value of elements in the evaluation coefficient vector of all the running states of each selected component and each ideal wind speed;
and respectively fitting the upper limit matrix or the lower limit matrix on each corresponding ideal wind speed to obtain an upper limit threshold curve or a lower limit threshold curve of each selected component and each ideal wind speed.
2. The threshold curve determining method of claim 1, wherein the generating a plurality of turbulent winds based on each desired wind speed respectively comprises:
for each desired wind speed, a plurality of random turbulent wind files are generated using the turbulence factor and shear index for the design wind speed.
3. The threshold value curve determining method according to claim 1, wherein the expression of the operating state evaluation coefficient is as follows:
C=c(f, f’)；
wherein c (f, f') is any one of the following expressions:
in the formula, C is an operation state evaluation coefficient; f represents the evaluated running state and takes the value as a running parameter matrix
(ii) a f' represents the standard running state as reference, and takes the value as the simulation result matrix
(ii) a K is the total number of the selected parameters, and L is the number of sampling points in the monitoring period.
4. A wind turbine generator system operating condition threshold curve determination system is characterized by comprising:
the ideal wind speed extraction module is used for dividing the designed wind speed interval of the wind turbine generator into a plurality of ideal wind speeds;
the generating module is used for respectively generating a plurality of turbulent wind based on each ideal wind speed;
the ideal wind speed simulation module is used for calculating the wind turbine generator by utilizing the wind turbine generator simulation method respectively for each ideal wind speed and a plurality of turbulent winds corresponding to each ideal wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine generator at each ideal wind speed and the ideal wind speed corresponding to each selected component and a simulation result at each turbulent wind speed;
the first threshold curve determining module is used for determining an operating state evaluation coefficient based on the correlation between all ideal wind speed simulation results and all turbulence simulation results, and determining a threshold curve according to the distribution condition of the operating state evaluation coefficient;
the ideal wind speed simulation module is specifically used for: inputting each ideal wind speed into the wind turbine simulation model for simulation calculation based on the wind turbine simulation model to obtain a first time sequence simulation result of the wind turbine and each component at each ideal wind speed; inputting each random turbulent wind file into the wind turbine simulation model for simulation based on the wind turbine simulation model to obtain a second time sequence simulation result of each turbulent wind-lower wind turbine and each selected component;
the first threshold curve determination module is specifically configured to: based on each ideal wind speed, selecting an expression of the operation state evaluation coefficient to calculate the correlation coefficient of all the first time sequence simulation results and the second time sequence simulation results to obtain an operation state evaluation coefficient vector; constructing an upper limit matrix of each selected component and each ideal wind speed based on the maximum value of elements in all operation state evaluation coefficient vectors of each selected component and each ideal wind speed; constructing a lower limit matrix of each selected component and each ideal wind speed based on the minimum value of elements in the evaluation coefficient vector of all the running states of each selected component and each ideal wind speed; and respectively fitting the upper limit matrix or the lower limit matrix on each corresponding ideal wind speed to obtain an upper limit threshold curve or a lower limit threshold curve of each selected component and each ideal wind speed.
5. A method for determining a threshold curve of an operating state of a wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator set based on a wind turbine generator set design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence;
for the selected parts of the wind turbine generator, a wind turbine generator testing system is used for testing in real time to obtain testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds;
carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing a wind turbine simulation model based on each test wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine and each selected component under each test wind speed;
determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient;
determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating condition evaluation coefficient comprises:
selecting an operation state evaluation coefficient based on a simulation result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed and a test result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed;
on the basis of all parameters of all selected components, the operation state evaluation coefficient corresponds to the ideal wind speed of all test periods, and a matrix corresponding to all selected components is constructed;
drawing a scatter diagram by taking the ideal wind speed of each test period as an abscissa and the running state evaluation coefficient as an ordinate according to the matrix corresponding to each selected component;
constructing an upper threshold curve based on an upper boundary in the scatter diagram;
and constructing a lower threshold curve based on the lower boundary in the scatter diagram.
6. The method for determining the threshold curve according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining of the simulation result of the wind turbine generator and the selected components at each test wind speed by using the simulation model based on each test wind speed comprises:
designing a wind speed interval based on the wind turbine generator, and testing according to a test period by using a prototype of the wind turbine generator between a cut-in wind speed and a cut-out wind speed; wherein each test cycle obtains a set of wind speed time series data at the hub height;
respectively calculating the average value of the wind speed time sequence data as ideal wind speed data corresponding to the test period based on each period;
and carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing the wind turbine generator simulation model based on the time sequence wind speed corresponding to each test period to obtain a simulation result.
7. The threshold value curve determining method according to claim 5, wherein the expression of the operating state evaluation coefficient is as follows:
C=c(f, f’)；
wherein c (f, f') is any one of the following expressions:
in the formula, C is an operation state evaluation coefficient; f represents the evaluated running state and takes the value as a running parameter matrix
(ii) a f' represents the standard running state as reference, and takes the value as the simulation result matrix
(ii) a K is the total number of the selected parameters, and L is the number of sampling points in the monitoring period.
8. A wind turbine generator system operating condition threshold curve determination system is characterized by comprising:
the test wind speed extraction module is used for testing a test prototype corresponding to the wind turbine generator based on a wind turbine generator design wind speed interval and a test period to obtain a plurality of test wind speeds based on a time sequence;
the testing module is used for testing the selected parts of the wind turbine generator in real time by using a wind turbine generator testing system to obtain testing results of the wind turbine generator and the selected parts at various testing wind speeds;
the test wind speed simulation module is used for carrying out simulation calculation by utilizing a wind turbine simulation model based on each test wind speed to obtain a simulation result of the wind turbine and each selected component under each test wind speed;
the second threshold curve determining module is used for determining an operation state evaluation coefficient based on the simulation result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed and the correlation of the test result of each parameter of each selected component under each test wind speed; determining a corresponding threshold curve based on the operating state evaluation coefficient;
the second threshold curve determining module is specifically configured to: selecting an operation state evaluation coefficient based on a simulation result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed and a test result of each parameter of each selected component at each test wind speed; on the basis of all parameters of all selected components, the operation state evaluation coefficient corresponds to the ideal wind speed of all test periods, and a matrix corresponding to all selected components is constructed; drawing a scatter diagram by taking the ideal wind speed of each test period as an abscissa and the running state evaluation coefficient as an ordinate according to the matrix corresponding to each selected component; constructing an upper threshold curve based on an upper boundary in the scatter diagram; and constructing a lower threshold curve based on the lower boundary in the scatter diagram.
9. A wind turbine generator running state evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting operation parameter test data and environment parameter data of selected components of the wind turbine generator during the operation of the wind turbine generator;
determining running parameter simulation data of the wind turbine generator and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind turbine generator simulation model;
calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data;
selecting a threshold value curve from a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on model design simulation data or a wind turbine generator running state threshold value curve determined based on prototype test data based on the wind turbine generator running state evaluation coefficient;
evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running state evaluation coefficient;
the wind turbine generator running state threshold curve determined based on the model design simulation data is the threshold curve determined by the wind turbine generator running state threshold curve determining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the threshold curve selected from the threshold curves of the wind turbine generator operating state determined based on the prototype test data is the threshold curve determined by the method for determining the threshold curve of the wind turbine generator operating state according to any one of claims 5 to 7.
10. The evaluation method of claim 9, wherein collecting operating parameter test data for selected components of a wind turbine comprises:
collecting operation parameter data of selected parts of the wind turbine generator based on an SCADA system and a load collection system to form a parameter matrix;
the operation parameters of the wind turbine generator set comprise: the system comprises a blade attitude parameter, an impeller attitude parameter, a component rotating speed, a transmission chain rotating speed/torque, a component vibration parameter, an electrical parameter, a generator electromagnetic torque, a blade bending moment torque and a tower barrel bending moment torque.
11. The evaluation method according to claim 9, wherein the evaluation of the wind turbine generator operating state based on the threshold curve and the operating state evaluation coefficient comprises:
determining to evaluate by using a corresponding upper limit threshold curve or a corresponding lower threshold curve based on the selected running state evaluation coefficient calculation formula;
when the upper limit threshold curve is used for evaluation, the wind turbine generator is in a normal operation state when the current operation state evaluation coefficient is below the upper limit threshold curve, and the other conditions belong to abnormal operation states;
when the lower limit threshold curve is used for evaluation, the wind turbine generator is in a normal operation state when the evaluation coefficient of the current operation state is above the lower limit threshold curve, and the other conditions belong to abnormal operation states;
the evaluation of the running state of the wind turbine generator comprises evaluation of the running state of the whole wind turbine generator and evaluation of the running state of a selected component.
12. The utility model provides a wind turbine generator system running state evaluation system which characterized in that includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation parameter data and the environment parameter data of the wind turbine generator and the selected components thereof during the operation of the wind turbine generator;
the running state calculation module is used for determining running parameter simulation data of the wind generating set and selected components thereof in the current test period under the current environment parameter data based on the environment parameter data and the wind generating set simulation model; calculating an evaluation coefficient of the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the running parameter test data and the running parameter simulation data;
the threshold selection module is used for evaluating the operating state of the wind turbine generator and selecting a threshold curve from the operating state threshold curve of the wind turbine generator determined based on model design simulation data or the operating state threshold curve of the wind turbine generator determined based on prototype test data;
the evaluation module is used for evaluating the running state of the wind turbine generator based on the threshold curve and the running state evaluation coefficient;
the wind turbine generator running state threshold curve determined based on the model design simulation data is the threshold curve determined by the wind turbine generator running state threshold curve determining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the threshold curve selected from the threshold curves of the wind turbine generator operating state determined based on the prototype test data is the threshold curve determined by the method for determining the threshold curve of the wind turbine generator operating state according to any one of claims 5 to 7.
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