CN112287558B - Method for calculating energy-saving power and energy-saving rate of permanent magnet speed regulator - Google Patents
Method for calculating energy-saving power and energy-saving rate of permanent magnet speed regulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of a permanent magnet speed regulator, belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet transmission, and relates to a method for calculating the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator. The method comprises the steps of firstly, fully considering the transmission characteristics of the permanent magnet coupler, generating eddy current loss of eddy current on a conductor disc and generating heat by mechanical abrasion among transmission parts, and establishing a simplified transmission analysis model. And then, analyzing the relation of the torque of each end of the permanent magnet coupler according to the transmission model to obtain the relation between the slip power and the input power. And (3) obtaining the ratio of the actual output power to the rated power by considering that the output power of the water pump type load has a certain relation with the rotating speed. And finally, calculating the total energy-saving rate and the total energy-saving power of the permanent magnet coupler for the fan. The method has very important significance in the aspects of energy conservation optimization, cost reduction, service life extension and the like of the permanent magnet speed regulator, and has very high engineering application value. The method is simple in calculation, high in precision and strong in applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet transmission, and relates to a method for calculating energy-saving power and energy-saving rate of a permanent magnet speed regulator.
Background
In the field of industrial production in China, loads of a fan and a water pump are universal loads with the widest application all the time. The electricity consumption of the load accounts for more than thirty percent of the total global electricity consumption every year in China, and the energy-saving efficiency of the load is improved, so that the problems of resource waste, energy shortage and the like can be effectively relieved. In recent years, because the permanent magnet speed regulator has the advantages of easy maintenance, low environmental requirement, low cost, overload prevention and the like, the permanent magnet speed regulator is widely concerned and researched by researchers. The permanent magnet speed regulator is adopted to drive and regulate the speed of loads such as fans and water pumps, so that the transmission efficiency and the energy-saving efficiency of equipment can be greatly improved. With the increasing demand of large-scale rotating machinery in China on energy-saving efficiency, the method has great significance for accurately calculating and predicting the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator.
Aiming at the calculation of energy-saving power and energy-saving rate under the stable working condition of the permanent magnet speed regulator, the design characteristics and practical application of a 2500kW winding type permanent magnet coupling speed regulator are published in the journal of Electrical technology in 2020 and 05 by paint revival of Jiangsu magnetic valley science and technology Limited, a calculation method of the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator is provided, and an expression of the energy-saving rate is provided. However, in the expression, the input rotating speed of the permanent magnet speed regulator is assumed to be constant at 1, and the influence of the power change of an output shaft on the energy saving rate under the actual working condition is ignored, so that the calculation precision of the expression on the energy saving rate is low, and the expression is difficult to be directly applied to the calculation of the energy saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator for the fan under the actual working condition; the application of permanent magnet speed regulation in a converter dust collection fan is published in journal equipment management and maintenance in 2019 by Chenjian et al of Shangshan mining industries, Ltd, and the energy saving rate of a permanent magnet speed regulator is analyzed and calculated. The method is simple in calculation, but the selection of the power correction coefficient has great influence on the calculation accuracy of the energy saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator under different working conditions, and the method is difficult to be widely applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for calculating the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of a permanent magnet speed regulator, which aims to solve the problems of low calculation precision, poor applicability and the like in the prior art and overcome the defects of the prior art. The method comprises the steps of firstly, fully considering the transmission characteristics of the permanent magnet speed regulator, generating eddy current loss by eddy currents on a conductor disc and generating heat by mechanical abrasion among transmission parts, and establishing a simplified transmission analysis model. And then, analyzing the relation of the torque of each end of the permanent magnet speed regulator according to the transmission model, and further obtaining the relation between the slip power and the input power. Because the fan type and the water pump type load output power have a certain relation with the rotating speed, the ratio of the actual output power to the rated power is obtained, and thus the calculation expression of the total energy-saving power and the total energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator is obtained.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method is a method for calculating the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of a permanent magnet speed regulator. And then, analyzing the relation of the torque of each end of the permanent magnet speed regulator according to the transmission model, and further obtaining the relation between the slip power and the input power. Because the fan type and the water pump type load output power have a certain relation with the rotating speed, the ratio of the actual output power to the rated power is obtained, and a calculation expression of the total energy-saving power and the total energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator is obtained;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, establishing a transmission analysis model and analyzing a torque transmission relation
Based on the working principle and the transmission characteristics of the permanent magnet speed regulator, simplifying and establishing a transmission analysis model among all transmission components; analyzing the relation between the input torque and the output torque between the input shaft and the output shaft of the permanent magnet speed regulator, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.T 1 For the difference between the output torque of the motor and the input torque of the input shaft, Δ T 2 Is the difference between the input torque of the input shaft and the output torque of the output shaft, T 0 Is the output torque of the motor, T 1 Input torque, T, of the input shaft of a permanent magnet governor L Is the output torque of the permanent magnet speed regulator output shaft, omega 1 Is the angular velocity, omega, of the input shaft 2 Is the angular velocity of the output shaft, and I is the moment of inertia;
when the permanent magnet speed regulator works stably, the following steps are included:
T 0 ＝T 1 ＝T L (3)
second step calculating slip power
The power transmitted to the load by the motor can be divided into two parts, one part is the power generated by interaction between eddy current generated by the conductor disc and a magnetic field of the permanent magnet to drag the load, and the other part is the power generated by eddy current loss of the conductor disc, namely slip power;
setting: n is 1 For the speed of the input shaft of the permanent magnet governor, n 2 If the rotating speed of the output shaft of the permanent magnet speed regulator is s and the slip rate is s, the following steps are provided:
setting P according to the relative relation of the torques of the transmission shafts 1 For permanent magnet speed regulators, P 2 For permanent magnet governor output power, Δ P 1 For the slip power, the power expression of each part is:
thirdly, calculating the load operation power difference
Under the actual working condition, the actual fan load operation power and the output power of the output shaft are different; according to the transmission characteristics of loads of a fan and a water pump, the conditions of abrasion, oil leakage and the like of the permanent magnet speed regulator are considered, and the power expression of the loads of the fan and the water pump is as follows:
P 3 ＝kn 3 3 (8)
k＝NρR 5 (9)
in the formula, k is the coefficient between the load power and the third power of the rotating speed, N is the power standard number, and the load size parameters of the fan class and the water pump classCorrelation, ρ is the density of the medium, R is the loaded stirrer diameter, n 3 For the actual operating speed of the load, P 3 The actual power of the fan and water pump loads;
power difference expression delta P of output shaft power and load actual power of permanent magnet speed regulator 2 Comprises the following steps:
fourthly, calculating the total energy-saving power and the total energy-saving rate
According to the expression of the slip power and the output shaft power difference, the total energy-saving rate delta and the total energy-saving power delta P of the permanent magnet speed regulator are as follows:
in the formula, delta 1 For the energy saving rate due to slip power, delta 2 The energy saving rate caused by the power difference of the actual output shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the actual operation condition of the permanent magnet speed regulator is fully considered, and the accurate calculation method of the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator is provided. Compared with the existing calculation method, the precision and the applicability are greatly improved. The invention can be used for calculating and predicting the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator for the loads of the fan and the water pump under different working conditions. The permanent magnet speed regulator has very important significance in the aspects of energy conservation optimization, cost reduction, service life extension and the like, and has very high engineering application value. The method is simple in calculation, high in precision and strong in applicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart for calculating the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the present inventionA simplified transmission analysis model schematic diagram of a permanent magnet governor principle. Wherein, T 0 Is the output torque of the motor, T 1 Input torque, T, of the input shaft of the permanent magnet coupler L Is the output torque, omega, of the output shaft of the permanent magnet coupler 1 Is the angular velocity, omega, of the input shaft 2 Is the angular velocity of the output shaft, n 3 Is the load rotation speed.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet speed regulator implemented by the present invention, in which 1 is a back iron, 2 is a permanent magnet mounting disk, 3 is a permanent magnet, 4 is a conductor disk, and 5 is a conductor disk mounting disk.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained in detail with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
In the embodiment, a permanent magnet speed regulator with a single-conductor-disc structure and a water pump load are selected to calculate the total energy saving rate and the total energy saving power, wherein the permanent magnet speed regulator comprises 6 pairs of permanent magnets, and the structure of the permanent magnet speed regulator is shown in an attached figure 3. The input rotating speed 1120r/min of the permanent magnet speed regulator and the output rotating speed of the output shaft are measured to be 963r/min,
FIG. 2 is a simplified transmission analysis model schematic diagram of the permanent magnet governor principle based on the present invention. The flow chart of the method is shown in figure 1. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, a transmission analysis model is established, and a torque transmission relation is analyzed.
Based on the working principle and the transmission characteristics of the permanent magnet speed regulator, simplifying and establishing a transmission analysis model among all transmission components; and analyzing the relation between the input torque and the output torque between the input shaft and the output shaft of the permanent magnet speed regulator to obtain formulas (1) and (2).
The second step calculates the slip power.
The power transmitted to the load by the motor can be divided into two parts, one part is the power generated by interaction between eddy current generated by the conductor disc and a magnetic field of the permanent magnet to drag the load, and the other part is the power generated by eddy current loss of the conductor disc, namely slip power;
setting: n is 1 For the speed of the input shaft of the permanent magnet governor, n 2 Calculating the rotating speed of the output shaft of the permanent magnet speed regulator and s the slip ratio according to a formula (4). Input speed n of known permanent magnet speed regulator 1 1120r/min, output speed n of output shaft 2 And the rotating speed difference s is calculated to be 157r/min at 963 r/min.
According to the relative relation of the torques of all transmission shafts, setting P 1 For permanent magnet speed regulators input power, P 2 Calculating slip power Δ P for the output power of the permanent magnet governor 1 2120.8w, the fractional power expression is equation (5-7).
And thirdly, calculating the load operation power difference.
Under actual working conditions, the actual fan load operating power and the output power of the output shaft are different. According to the transmission characteristics of loads of fans and water pumps, considering the conditions of abrasion, oil leakage and the like of the permanent magnet speed regulator, the coefficient k of the load of the water pumps is set to be 1.13 multiplied by 10 -5 w·min 3 /r 3 Actual output speed n of load 3 Is 935 r/min. Calculating the power difference delta P between the output shaft power of the permanent magnet speed regulator and the actual load power according to a formula (8-10) 2 Is 378.2 w.
And fourthly, calculating the total energy-saving power and the total energy-saving rate.
And calculating the total energy-saving rate delta and the total energy-saving power delta P of the permanent magnet speed regulator according to the expression of the slip power and the output shaft power difference.
Calculating the total energy saving rate delta of the permanent magnet speed regulator generated by slip power by using a formula (11): wherein:
the total energy saving ratio delta is:
δ＝δ 1 +δ 2 ＝22.49％
the total energy-saving power is calculated by the formula (12):
in conclusion, the calculated value of the energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator for the water pumps is 22.49%, and the energy-saving power is 2499.0 w. According to the calculated value, the economic benefit and the energy-saving benefit of the permanent magnet speed regulator for the fan load under the actual working condition can be guided and optimized. The permanent magnet speed regulator plays roles in saving cost, prolonging the service life of the permanent magnet speed regulator and the like, and has higher engineering application value.
Claims (1)
1. A method for calculating the energy-saving power and the energy-saving rate of a permanent magnet speed regulator is characterized in that the method firstly fully considers the transmission characteristics of the permanent magnet speed regulator, eddy current loss generated by eddy current on a conductor disc and mechanical abrasion heating among transmission parts, and establishes a simplified transmission analysis model; then, analyzing the relation of the torque of each end of the permanent magnet speed regulator according to the transmission model, and further obtaining the relation between the slip power and the input power; because the load output power of the fans and the water pumps has a certain relation with the rotating speed, the ratio of the actual output power to the rated power is obtained, and thus the calculation expression of the total energy-saving power and the total energy-saving rate of the permanent magnet speed regulator is obtained;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, establishing a transmission analysis model and analyzing a torque transmission relation;
based on the working principle and the transmission characteristics of the permanent magnet speed regulator, simplifying and establishing a transmission analysis model among all transmission components; analyzing the relation between the input torque and the output torque between the input shaft and the output shaft of the permanent magnet speed regulator, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.T 1 For the output of the motorDifference between torque and input shaft input torque, Δ T 2 Is the difference between the input torque of the input shaft and the output torque of the output shaft, T 0 Is the output torque of the motor, T 1 Input torque, T, of the input shaft of a permanent magnet governor L Is the output torque of the permanent magnet speed regulator output shaft, omega 1 Is the angular velocity, omega, of the input shaft 2 Is the angular velocity of the output shaft, and I is the moment of inertia;
when the permanent magnet speed regulator works stably, the following steps are included:
T 0 ＝T 1 ＝T L (3)
secondly, calculating the slip power;
the power transmitted to the load by the motor can be divided into two parts, one part is the power generated by interaction between eddy current generated by the conductor disc and a magnetic field of the permanent magnet to drag the load, and the other part is the power generated by eddy current loss of the conductor disc, namely slip power;
setting: n is 1 For the speed of the input shaft of the permanent magnet governor, n 2 If the rotating speed of the output shaft of the permanent magnet speed regulator is s and the slip rate is s, the following steps are provided:
setting P according to the relative relation of the torques of the transmission shafts 1 For permanent magnet speed regulators input power, P 2 For permanent magnet governor output power, Δ P 1 For the slip power, the power expression of each part is:
thirdly, calculating a load operation power difference;
under the actual working condition, the actual fan load running power is different from the output power of the output shaft; according to the transmission characteristics of loads of a fan and a water pump, the conditions of abrasion, oil leakage and the like of the permanent magnet speed regulator are considered, and the power expression of the loads of the fan and the water pump is as follows:
P 3 ＝kn 3 3 (8)
k＝NρR 5 (9)
in the formula, k is a coefficient between load power and the third power of rotating speed, N is a power standard number and is related to the load size parameters of a fan and a water pump, rho is medium density, R is the diameter of a load stirrer, N is 3 For the actual operating speed of the load, P 3 The actual power of the fan and water pump loads;
power difference expression delta P of output shaft power and load actual power of permanent magnet speed regulator 2 Comprises the following steps:
fourthly, calculating the total energy-saving power and the total energy-saving rate;
according to the expression of the slip power and the output shaft power difference, the total energy-saving rate delta and the total energy-saving power delta P of the permanent magnet speed regulator are as follows:
in the formula, delta 1 For the energy saving rate due to slip power, delta 2 The energy saving rate caused by the power difference of the actual output shaft.
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