CN112287530A - Construction method of long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model, model and application - Google Patents
Construction method of long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model, model and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a long tunnel air duct air leakage rate calculation model, a model and application, comprising the following steps: s1, dividing the air pipes into n sections; s2, obtaining a wind leakage ratio calculation model of two sectional wind pipes with the same length; s3, acquiring a ventilation quantity calculation model and an outlet pressure calculation model of the current subsection air pipe working face; s4, sequentially calculating the air leakage amount of each air pipe section from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model, and sequentially calculating the ventilation amount of each air pipe section from the outlet of the air pipe section by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model, the ventilation amount calculation model, the inlet pressure calculation model and the outlet pressure calculation model; and S5, constructing an air leakage rate calculation model of the air pipe. The construction method fully considers the influences of the change of the length of the air pipe and the pressure change on the air leakage rate, and improves the accuracy of the constructed calculation model for calculating the air leakage rate of the air pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, in particular to a construction method of a long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model, a model and application.
Background
In the current tunnel construction, air pipes are generally adopted to provide fresh air for a construction working face and discharge harmful gas and dust. Because there is not unified recognized standard to tuber pipe installation quality at present, the designer is to the tuber pipe air leakage volume, and fan operating pressure also does not have ripe computational formula, leads to tuber pipe air leakage rate probably to produce very big difference under the same distance, and the calculated value and the actual value of air leakage rate are different greatly, finally cause the ventilation to cause huge waste.
At present, the air leakage rate of an air duct is calculated by the following methods, wherein an air leakage characteristic index Z is introduced into a Japanese high-Bridgman formula, an air duct air leakage coefficient K is introduced into a Woloning formula, and a hectometer air leakage rate beta is introduced into a Japanese green-letter tunnel calculation formula.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model, which fully considers the influences of air pipe length change and pressure change on air leakage rate and improves the accuracy of the constructed calculation model for calculating the air leakage rate of an air pipe.
In addition, the invention also provides a calculation model constructed by the construction method and application of the calculation model.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the construction method of the long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the air pipes into n sections equally, wherein n is a positive integer larger than or equal to 2, the length of each section is L, the length of L is determined according to the air leakage degree of the air pipes, and the larger the air leakage is, the smaller the unit length is;
s2, obtaining a relation model of the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the sectional air pipes, and obtaining an air leakage quantity ratio calculation model of the two sectional air pipes with the same length according to the principle that the air leakage areas of the two sectional air pipes with the same length are basically consistent;
s3, acquiring a ventilation quantity calculation model of the working surface of the current segmented air pipe and an outlet pressure calculation model of the current segmented air pipe, wherein the inlet pressure of the current segmented air pipe is equal to the outlet pressure of the next segmented air pipe;
s4, sequentially calculating the air leakage amount of each section of air pipe from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model obtained in the step S2, and sequentially calculating the air volume of each section of air pipe from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model obtained in the step S2, the air volume calculation model obtained in the step S3 and the outlet pressure calculation model;
and S5, constructing an air leakage rate calculation model of the air pipe according to the ratio of the total air leakage rate of each section of air pipe to the ventilation rate of the working surface of the nth section of air pipe.
The invention divides the air pipe into a plurality of sections according to the length, and the pressure H of the air outlet of the air pipe is determined according to the air outlet pressure H0Required air quantity Q of working face0The method comprises the steps of obtaining inlet pressure and outlet pressure of each section of air pipe, calculating air leakage of each section in a recursion mode according to the relation between the air leakage and the pressure, finally obtaining total air leakage, obtaining a calculation model according to the fact that the air quantity of the working surface of the current section of air pipe is equal to the sum of the air quantity of the working surface of the next section of section air pipe and the air leakage of the next section air pipe, obtaining the air quantity of the working surface of the nth section of section air pipe, and building an air leakage rate calculation model of the air pipe according to the ratio of the sum of the air leakage of each section of air pipe to the air quantity of the working surface of the nth section air.
The invention fully considers the length change of the air pipe along the way and the influence of the pressure change on the air leakage when calculating the air leakage quantity and the ventilation quantity, thereby realizing the more accurate calculation effect of the air leakage quantity and improving the accuracy of the constructed calculation model for calculating the air leakage quantity and the air leakage rate of the air pipe.
Further, in step S2, the relationship model between the air leakage rate and the pressure of the segment air duct is shown as follows:
in the formula, HcpIs the average pressure of the current sectional air pipe, and has the unit of pa,
xi is the local resistance coefficient at the air leakage position; f is the area of the wind leakage position, the unit is square meter, gamma is the air volume weight, the unit is N/m3, and q is the wind leakage of the current sectional wind pipe.
Further, the model for calculating the air leakage rate in step S2 is shown as follows:
in the formula, q is the air leakage rate of the current subsection air pipe, and the unit is m3The air leakage rate of the next section of the current section of the air pipe is as the unit of m3/s。
The air leakage ratio calculation model is verified in actual tunnel construction ventilation actual measurement, and specific data are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 record of air leakage and pressure of air duct
Taking the data of table 1 into equation 1, we can obtain:
0.7187≈0.7066
further, the obtaining process of the air leakage ratio calculation model is as follows:
the relationship model between the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the current segmented air pipe is shown as the following formula:
the relationship model of the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the next section of the current section air pipe is shown as the following formula:
comparing the above two formulas to obtain:
further, in step S3, the ventilation volume of the working surface of the current segment air duct is equal to the sum of the ventilation volume of the working surface of the next segment air duct and the air leakage volume of the next segment air duct, and the calculation model is as follows:
Qn＝Qn-1+qn。
further, the model for calculating the outlet pressure of the current segment air duct in step S3 is as follows:
in the formula, HnFor the outlet pressure of the currently sectioned air duct, Hn-1The inlet pressure Q of the next section of the segmented air pipe of the current segmented air pipen-1The ventilation volume of the working surface of the next section of the segmented air pipe of the current segmented air pipe is obtained;
because of RQn-1 2The pressure drop is the inlet air pressure, namely the outlet air pressure plus the pressure drop, so the formula is obtained;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
r is a friction resistance coefficient, xi is a local resistance coefficient, F is the cross-sectional area of the air pipe, and the unit is a square meter; gamma rayIs the air volume weight, and the unit is N/m3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a l is the unit segment length in m. R is a set formula which is provided by adding a stroke pressure drop formula and a local pressure drop formula for convenience of calculation and representation.
Further, the calculation model of the air leakage rate of each air duct in step S4 is shown as follows:
in the formula, qnThe current air leakage rate of the air duct, qn-1The air leakage quantity H of the air pipe at the section next to the current air pipen-1The current outlet pressure of the air pipe is also the inlet pressure of the next section of the current air pipe, HnIs the inlet pressure of the current air duct, Hn-2The pressure of the outlet of the air pipe at the later section of the current air pipe.
Further, the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct in step S5 is as follows:
in the formula, P is the total air leakage rate of the air pipe.
For example, a hundred meter air leakage rate
l is the total length of the duct, m.
The calculation model is constructed by the construction method of the long tunnel air duct air leakage rate calculation model.
The application of the long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model comprises the following steps:
s11, setting the segmented air pipe at the air pipe outlet as the 1 st segment, sequentially from the outlet to the initial point as the 1 st segment to the nth segment, wherein the air leakage rate from the 1 st segment to the nth segment is q1-qnThe ventilation quantity of the working surfaces from the 1 st section to the nth section is respectively Q0To QnOutlet pressure and inlet pressure of stage 1Force is respectively H0And H1The outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the 2 nd stage are respectively H1And H2And so on;
s22, obtaining relevant parameters, wherein the relevant parameters comprise the air quantity Q needed by the working surface of the 1 st section of the sectional air pipe0The device comprises a friction resistance coefficient lambda, a local resistance coefficient xi, an air pipe section area F, an air volume weight gamma, a unit section pipe dividing length L and an air pipe total length L;
wherein Q is determined by project requirements0Q is obtained by actual measurement1Or obtaining sigma through a combined relation graph of air leakage of any section of sectional air pipe, and then calculating q1λ and ξ are obtained by table lookup, and σ is an installation quality coefficient;
obtaining q according to sigma and air leakage quantity of any section of sectional air pipe1The specific process is as follows:
introducing an installation quality coefficient sigma, and calculating the formula:
it can be understood that the air leakage rate of the first section can be reversely deduced according to the formula
The calculation method has already drawn a relation graph (as shown in fig. 2) when the diameter d of the air duct is 1.2m, λ is 0.0127 and the unit length l is 100m, and if the working condition is consistent with the situation (the diameter of the air duct is consistent with the friction resistance coefficient), the air leakage rate measured by any length section can be used for obtaining q1(for example, the total length of the wind pipe is 1000m, a wind leakage rate in the length range of 0-500m is measured, sigma can be obtained by substituting the measured wind leakage rate into the graph, and then q can be calculated1Then, the air leakage rate of all the unit sections can be calculated. )
Otherwise, if the working conditions are not consistent (lambda or d are not consistent), the air leakage rate of q1 or other unit sections needs to be measured.
Because any length segment is often better than one unit segment in actual operation, the length of a single unit segment is too short, the data change is small, and q is obtained through the relational graph 21Than measuring q directly1It is easy.
In fig. 2, a, b, c, d, and e respectively indicate curves where σ is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 10%, where σ is a mounting mass coefficient.
The concrete explanation of fig. 2 is on the abscissa the length of the duct from 0-M and on the ordinate the air leakage rate PM for the section 0-l. However, in practical application, M is definitely smaller than the total length l of the air duct; m is 0 to any length segment in the middle of the total length.
And S33, substituting the related parameters obtained in the step S22 into the air leakage rate calculation model to obtain the total air leakage rate p.
In the invention, the latter section of the segmented air pipe is determined according to the flowing direction of the air flow in the air pipe, namely the air flow passes through the current segmented air pipe and then passes through the latter section of the segmented air pipe in the air pipe,
the inlet and the outlet are determined according to the flowing direction of the airflow in the sectional air pipe, namely the airflow is discharged from the inlet and the outlet in the sectional air pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention fully considers the length change of the air pipe along the way and the influence of the pressure change on the air leakage when calculating the air leakage quantity and the ventilation quantity, thereby realizing the more accurate calculation effect of the air leakage quantity and improving the accuracy of the constructed calculation model for calculating the air leakage quantity and the air leakage rate of the air pipe.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the segmentation calculation of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the air leakage rate P of 0-M segment of the air pipeMAnd (4) a relation graph of the length of the air pipe from 0-M section.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
the construction method of the long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model comprises the following steps:
s1, equally dividing the air pipes into n sections, wherein n is a positive integer more than or equal to 2;
s2, obtaining a relation model of the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the sectional air pipes, and obtaining an air leakage quantity ratio calculation model of the two sectional air pipes with the same length according to the principle that the air leakage areas of the two sectional air pipes with the same length are basically consistent;
a large number of experiments find that if the installation quality of each section of the air pipe is assumed to be stable, the air leakage areas with the same length are basically consistent, and the local resistance coefficients are also approximately the same, then the air leakage amount of the section and the average air pressure of the section have the following relations:
Taking a section of the same length can obtain:
compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
s3, acquiring a ventilation quantity calculation model of the working surface of the current segmented air pipe and an outlet pressure calculation model of the current segmented air pipe, wherein the outlet pressure of the current segmented air pipe is equal to the inlet pressure of the next segmented air pipe;
the ventilation rate of the working surface of the current subsection air pipe is equal to the sum of the ventilation rate of the working surface of the next subsection air pipe and the air leakage rate of the next subsection air pipe, and the calculation model is shown as the following formula:
Qn＝Qn-1+qn。
the calculation model of the outlet pressure of the current segmented air pipe is shown as the following formula:
in the formula, HnFor the outlet pressure of the currently sectioned air duct, Hn-1The inlet pressure Q of the next section of the segmented air pipe of the current segmented air pipen-1The ventilation volume of the working surface of the next section of the segmented air pipe of the current segmented air pipe is obtained;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
r is a friction resistance coefficient, xi is a local resistance coefficient, F is the cross-sectional area of the air pipe, and the unit is a square meter; gamma is air volume weight, and the unit is N/m3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a l is the unit segment length in m. R is a set formula which is provided by adding a stroke pressure drop formula and a local pressure drop formula for convenience of calculation and representation.
S4, sequentially calculating the air leakage amount of each section of air pipe from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model obtained in the step S2, and sequentially calculating the air volume of each section of air pipe from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model obtained in the step S2, the air volume calculation model obtained in the step S3 and the outlet pressure calculation model;
the specific calculation process is as follows:
Q1＝Q0+q1
Q2＝Q1+q2
Qn＝Qn-1+qn
……………………
in the formula, qnThe current air leakage rate of the air duct, qn-1The air leakage quantity H of the air pipe at the section next to the current air pipen-1The current outlet pressure of the air pipe is also the inlet pressure of the next section of the current air pipe, HnIs the inlet pressure of the current air duct, Hn-2The outlet pressure of the air pipe at the section subsequent to the current air pipe
S5, constructing an air leakage rate calculation model of the air pipes according to the ratio of the total air leakage rate of each air pipe section to the ventilation rate of the working surface of the nth section of the air pipe:
total air leakage rate
As shown in fig. 1, the application of the model for calculating the air leakage rate constructed in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s11, setting the segmented air pipe at the air pipe outlet as the 1 st segment, sequentially from the outlet to the initial point as the 1 st segment to the nth segment, wherein the air leakage rate from the 1 st segment to the nth segment is q1-qnThe ventilation quantity of the working surfaces from the 1 st section to the nth section is respectively Q0To QnThe outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the 1 st stage are respectively H0And H1The outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the 2 nd stage are respectively H1And H2And so on;
s22, obtaining relevant parameters, wherein the relevant parameters comprise the air quantity Q needed by the working surface of the 1 st section of the sectional air pipe0The device comprises a friction resistance coefficient lambda, a local resistance coefficient xi, an air pipe section area F, an air volume weight gamma, a unit section pipe dividing length L and an air pipe total length L; wherein Q is determined by project requirements0Q is obtained by actual measurement1Or obtaining sigma through a combined relation graph of air leakage of any section of sectional air pipe, and then calculating q1λ and ξ are obtained by table lookup, and σ is an installation quality coefficient;
obtaining q according to sigma and air leakage quantity of any section of sectional air pipe1The specific process is as follows:
introducing an installation quality coefficient sigma, and calculating the formula:
it can be understood that the air leakage rate of the first section can be reversely deduced according to the formula
And S33, substituting the related parameters obtained in the step S22 into the air leakage rate calculation model to obtain the total air leakage rate p.
The following test data are obtained under a wind tube simulation test with the length of one hundred meters:
in actual engineering, the tunnel length is often far greater than 100m in the test, and after the air leakage rate of any length section can be measured, the air leakage rate of the first unit section is obtained by inquiring the graph 2, but in the simulation test, because the length is limited, the graph is difficult to accurately measure the air leakage rate of the first unit section of 10m, and then recursive operation is performed.
Basic data:
total length of air duct: 100 m; diameter: 1.8 m; divided into 10 sections (10 m/section);
λ ═ 0.0127; the straight circular pipe with the same diameter is adopted along the way, and the local pressure drop is not considered.
Actually measure the outlet air quantity Q0＝59.13m2S; q1 ═ 60.12m of the first unit segment2/s。
The calculation is as follows:
the results of the recursive operation using excel are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Unit segment | QGo out(m3/s) | Q(m3/s) | HGo out(pa) | HInto(pa) | Hn-1+Hn(pa) | Hn+1+Hn(pa) | q(m3/s) |
| 1 | 59.13 | 60.12 | 327.40 | 350.13 | 0.99 | ||
| 2 | 60.12 | 61.14 | 350.13 | 373.62 | 677.53 | 723.75 | 1.02 |
| 3 | 61.14 | 62.20 | 373.62 | 397.92 | 723.75 | 771.54 | 1.06 |
| 4 | 62.20 | 63.29 | 397.92 | 423.07 | 771.54 | 820.99 | 1.09 |
| 5 | 63.29 | 64.41 | 423.07 | 449.10 | 820.99 | 872.17 | 1.12 |
| 6 | 64.41 | 65.57 | 449.10 | 476.07 | 872.17 | 925.18 | 1.16 |
| 7 | 65.57 | 66.76 | 476.07 | 504.02 | 925.18 | 980.09 | 1.19 |
| 8 | 66.76 | 67.99 | 504.02 | 532.99 | 980.09 | 1037.01 | 1.22 |
| 9 | 67.99 | 69.24 | 532.99 | 563.03 | 1037.01 | 1096.02 | 1.26 |
| 10 | 69.24 | 70.54 | 563.03 | 594.20 | 1096.02 | 1157.23 | 1.29 |
| Summary of the invention | 11.41 |
The air leakage quantity and the air pressure of each section can be obtained through the calculation.
The final total air leakage rate is as follows:
the total air leakage rate is:
the above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method of the long tunnel air pipe air leakage rate calculation model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, equally dividing the air pipes into n sections, wherein n is a positive integer more than or equal to 2;
s2, obtaining a relation model of the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the sectional air pipes, and obtaining an air leakage quantity ratio calculation model of the two sectional air pipes with the same length according to the principle that the air leakage areas of the two sectional air pipes with the same length are basically consistent;
s3, acquiring a ventilation quantity calculation model of the working surface of the current segmented air pipe and an outlet pressure calculation model of the current segmented air pipe, wherein the outlet pressure of the current segmented air pipe is equal to the inlet pressure of the next segmented air pipe;
s4, sequentially calculating the air leakage amount of each section of air pipe from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model obtained in the step S2, and sequentially calculating the air volume of each section of air pipe from the outlet of the air pipe by adopting a recursion method according to the air leakage amount ratio calculation model obtained in the step S2, the air volume calculation model obtained in the step S3 and the outlet pressure calculation model;
and S5, constructing an air leakage rate calculation model of the air pipe according to the ratio of the total air leakage rate of each section of air pipe to the ventilation rate of the working surface of the nth section of air pipe.
2. The method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct of the long tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the relationship model between the air leakage rate and the pressure of the segment air duct in the step S2 is as follows:
in the formula, HcpIs the average pressure of the current sectional air pipe, and has the unit of pa,
xi is the local resistance coefficient at the air leakage position; f is the area of the wind leakage place, the unit is square meter, gamma is the air volume weight, the unit is N/m3And q is the air leakage rate of the current subsection air pipe.
3. The method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct of the long tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the air leakage rate calculation model in the step S2 is represented by the following formula:
in the formula, q is the air leakage rate of the current subsection air pipe, and the unit is m3The air leakage rate of the next section of the current section of the air pipe is as the unit of m3/s。
4. The method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air pipe of the long tunnel according to claim 3, wherein the air leakage rate calculation model is obtained by the following steps:
the relationship model between the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the current segmented air pipe is shown as the following formula:
the relationship model of the air leakage quantity and the pressure of the next section of the current section air pipe is shown as the following formula:
comparing the above two formulas to obtain:
5. the method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct of the long tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation rate of the working surface of the current segment air duct is equal to the sum of the ventilation rate of the working surface of the next segment air duct and the air leakage rate of the next segment air duct in step S3, and the calculation model is represented by the following formula:
Qn＝Qn-1+qn。
6. the method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct of the long tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the outlet pressure calculation model of the current segment air duct in step S3 is represented by the following formula:
in the formula, HnFor the outlet pressure of the currently sectioned air duct, Hn-1The inlet pressure Q of the next section of the segmented air pipe of the current segmented air pipen-1The ventilation volume of the working surface of the next section of the segmented air pipe of the current segmented air pipe,
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
r is a friction resistance coefficient, xi is a local resistance coefficient, F is the cross-sectional area of the air pipe, and the unit is a square meter; gamma is air volume weight, and the unit is N/m3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a l is the unit segment length in m.
7. The method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct of the long tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the air leakage rate calculation model of each air duct in the step S4 is represented by the following formula:
in the formula, qnThe current air leakage rate of the air duct, qn-1The air leakage quantity H of the air pipe at the section next to the current air pipen-1The current outlet pressure of the air pipe is also the inlet pressure of the next section of the current air pipe, HnIs the inlet pressure of the current air duct, Hn-2The pressure of the outlet of the air pipe at the later section of the current air pipe.
8. The method for constructing the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct of the long tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the air leakage rate calculation model of the air duct in the step S5 is represented by the following formula:
in the formula, P is the total air leakage rate of the air pipe.
9. The calculation model constructed by the construction method of the long tunnel air duct air leakage rate calculation model according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a computational model according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s11, setting the segmented air pipe at the air pipe outlet as the 1 st segment, sequentially from the outlet to the initial point as the 1 st segment to the nth segment, wherein the air leakage rate from the 1 st segment to the nth segment is q1-qnThe ventilation quantity of the working surfaces from the 1 st section to the nth section is respectively Q0To QnThe outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the 1 st stage are respectively H0And H1The outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the 2 nd stage are respectively H1And H2And so on;
s22, obtaining relevant parameters, wherein the relevant parameters comprise the air quantity Q needed by the working surface of the 1 st section of the sectional air pipe0The device comprises a friction resistance coefficient lambda, a local resistance coefficient xi, an air pipe section area F, an air volume weight gamma, a unit section pipe dividing length L and an air pipe total length L;
wherein Q is determined by project requirements0Q is obtained by actual measurement1Or obtaining sigma through a combined relation graph of air leakage of any section of sectional air pipe, and then calculating q1λ and ξ are obtained by table lookup, and σ is an installation quality coefficient;
and S33, substituting the related parameters obtained in the step S22 into the air leakage rate calculation model to obtain the total air leakage rate p.
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