CN112285945B - Three-dimensional display device for directional display - Google Patents
Three-dimensional display device for directional display Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285945B CN112285945B CN202011210477.4A CN202011210477A CN112285945B CN 112285945 B CN112285945 B CN 112285945B CN 202011210477 A CN202011210477 A CN 202011210477A CN 112285945 B CN112285945 B CN 112285945B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
- G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
- G02B30/35—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional display device for directional display, which is characterized by comprising a directional display and an angle deflection element, wherein the directional display comprises a resonant cavity and a transparent self-luminous display; the light beam emitted by the transparent self-luminous display is emitted to the angle deflection element after going back and forth in the resonant cavity; the resonant cavity consists of a complete reflector/a complete reflecting film and a partial reflector/a partial reflecting film which are positioned at two sides of the transparent self-luminous display; or the resonant cavity is composed of wavelength-level optical structures positioned on two sides of the transparent self-luminous display. The directional display provided by the invention is a light and thin device with a simple device and large-area light direction, and can realize a three-dimensional display device with a large viewing angle and a free viewing point corresponding to the three-dimensional display device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional display, in particular to a directional display implementation mode and a three-dimensional display device thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress of science and technology, the traditional two-dimensional display can not meet the requirement of people for reproducing the real world, and compared with the two-dimensional display, the three-dimensional display can enable a viewer to obtain the real depth information and the complete surface characteristics of an object. The three-dimensional display technology is divided into a vision-aid three-dimensional display and an auto-stereoscopic three-dimensional display according to whether a wearable optical device is needed or not, wherein the auto-stereoscopic three-dimensional display is gradually becoming a popular research. The free three-dimensional display is mainly realized by adopting a parallax barrier technology, a cylindrical lens array technology, a micro lens array technology and the like, the principle of the free three-dimensional display is geometric optics, the rules of linear propagation, reflection, refraction and the like of light are considered, and the sensitivity to wavelength is low, but the free three-dimensional display has the defects of low resolution, small field angle, discontinuous viewing angle, large crosstalk and the like.
The emerging pixel type nano grating structure based on the diffraction optics has high angle modulation accuracy on emergent rays and large modulation freedom, and can realize large-field-angle display. But it has a high limit on the angle and frequency of the incident beam. In the free three-dimensional display realized based on the liquid crystal electro-optical deflection, certain requirements are also provided for the directionality of the backlight source of the liquid crystal device so as to reduce the crosstalk phenomenon among different viewpoints. In the three-dimensional display device based on the holographic volume grating, the exposure light source mostly adopts parallel light, if the divergence angle of incident light is large or the direction has deviation in the reproduction process, the corresponding diffraction efficiency will be rapidly reduced, and the brightness and the quality of the image are both reduced. Therefore, more and more autostereoscopic display design schemes require directional light sources, and researchers are LED to continuously research on directional backlights, which mainly implement the design of directional light sources through a microstructured light guide plate and an LED light source, but have high requirements on microstructure design and involve more parameters.
An analog laser can generate monochromatic, coherent, directional and high-brightness light beams, and the design considers that a resonant cavity is adopted to realize the selection of the emergent light beams. The resonant cavity consists of two reflectors, and can provide positive feedback of an axial light wave mode and ensure single-mode oscillation of an output light beam, namely the output light beam has directionality and monochromaticity. The design is combined with a transparent self-luminous display screen at the same time, so that the directional transmission of a color domain display image is realized, and compared with the scheme of a traditional directional light source, the scheme is not limited to the backlight display using an LCD.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional display device for directional display, which can realize directional display and has the advantages of small thickness, simple device, more portability and large area.
The invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional display device for directional display comprises a directional display, an angle deflection element, a resonant cavity and a transparent self-luminous display; the light beam emitted by the transparent self-luminous display is emitted to the angle deflection element after going back and forth in the resonant cavity; the resonant cavity consists of a complete reflector/a complete reflecting film and a partial reflector/a partial reflecting film which are positioned at two sides of the transparent self-luminous display; or the resonant cavity is composed of wavelength-level optical structures positioned on two sides of the transparent self-luminous display.
Each pixel of the transparent self-luminous display outputs light rays with multiple directions, after the light rays are reflected by the resonant cavity for multiple times, photons which do not move along the axial direction of the resonant cavity can quickly escape out of the resonant cavity, the photons which move along the axial direction can continuously move in the resonant cavity, and light beams with consistent transmission directions and frequencies are emitted from an output side (such as a partial reflector or a partial reflecting film), so that directional display is realized.
The angle deflection element can adjust the angle of the deflected emergent light beam to realize free three-dimensional display; the two-dimensional images of multiple viewpoints are separated by the angle deflection element, or time division multiplexing is adopted, different time corresponds to different visual regions, and the images project to different viewpoints by the angle deflection element at different time, so that a multi-viewpoint free stereo display effect is formed. Optionally, the three-dimensional display device may be implemented by space division multiplexing or time division multiplexing, so that the three-dimensional display implemented by the existing angle deflection device is thinner, lighter and more portable, and is favorable for being integrated into portable electronic devices such as smart phones and tablets; time division multiplexing requires a high refresh rate for the display, while spatial multiplexing displays have a lower resolution with increasing number of viewpoints.
The self-luminous transparent display includes, but is not limited to, an OLED, a micro LED, etc., and unlike a single LED as a gain medium of a laser, the self-luminous transparent display is an arrayed light source set, and can output a color image, thereby realizing directional display of the image.
The complete reflector and the partial reflector may be coated with a reflective film, or may be a complex resonator structure such as a ring cavity, but are not limited thereto. The complete reflector and the partial reflector are plane or concave spherical reflectors, wherein the reflectivity of the complete reflector is close to 100%, the reflectivity of the partial reflector is slightly lower, and the complete reflector and the partial reflector are used as output mirrors for light beam emergence.
The resonant cavity can be made of thin films to construct a parallel plane cavity, but is not limited to the parallel plane cavity, and a total reflection film and a partial reflection film in a visible light wave band are respectively plated at two ends of the transparent self-luminous display to realize multiple reflection of light beams of the transparent self-luminous display and select the light beams in a resonance direction to be emitted.
The optical super-surface structure can be adopted in the resonant cavity, but not limited to the optical super-surface structure, the sub-wavelength optical structures are respectively etched at two ends of the transparent self-luminous display, the optical structure is theoretically designed, the reflection characteristic with specific reflectivity can be realized, after light beams of the transparent self-luminous display are emitted, the light beams are reflected back and forth through the front super-surface structure and the rear super-surface structure, the light beams meeting the resonance condition are finally emitted, and the directional display of the transparent self-luminous display is realized.
The complete reflector/complete reflection film and the partial reflector/partial reflection film are respectively positioned at two sides of a single pixel of the transparent self-luminous display to form a resonant cavity structure; the parameter design is the same on each pixel of the transparent self-luminous display; the parameters include the radius of curvature of the full mirror/full mirror and partial mirror/partial reflective film, the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
The complete reflector/complete reflection film and the partial reflector/partial reflection film are respectively positioned at two sides of a single pixel of the transparent self-luminous display to form a resonant cavity structure; the parameter design is the same on each pixel with the same color of the transparent self-luminous display, the RGB three-color pixel array of the transparent self-luminous display is arranged, and the parameter design is also arranged along with the array; the parameters include the radius of curvature of the full mirror/full mirror and partial mirror/partial reflective film, the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
In the directional display, the display of single color and color can be realized. In monochromatic display, the parameters of the total reflector and the partial reflector are set at the same positions of the transparent self-luminous display, and the integral film coating or etching can be realized. The parameters of the resonant cavity affect the output power, frequency characteristics, light intensity distribution (mode) and light beam divergence angle of the emergent light beam, and the resonant cavities of the light beams with different wavelengths have different parameters, so that in color display, red, green and blue colors need to correspond to different resonant cavities, and therefore, a single resonant cavity pixel is needed under a single pixel. Parameters of corresponding resonant cavities of R, G, B three colors in the color directional display, including the curvature radius R1 of a complete reflector, the curvature radius R2 of a partial reflector and the cavity length L of the resonant cavity, need to be reset according to respective wavelengths, three resonant cavities corresponding to three color lights are combined into a resonant cavity pixel which corresponds to a pixel of the three color lights of the transparent self-luminous display one by one, namely, a single resonant cavity pixel corresponds to a pixel of the transparent self-luminous display, and the directional display of color images can be realized by arraying the resonant cavity pixels.
The angle deflection element is selected from an electro-optical modulation element or an acousto-optical modulation element; the electro-optical modulation element is selected from a pixel type nano grating, a liquid crystal electro-optical angle modulation element and a liquid crystal polymer grating.
The pixel type nanometer grating comprises a grating combination with grating period changing in sub-wavelength magnitude and single pixel size. The directional display emits light beams perpendicular to the direction of the display, the light beams are incident on a plurality of groups of nano gratings with continuous periodic variation, the transmission direction deflects, different pixel points correspond to different directions by utilizing the space division multiplexing technology, two-dimensional multi-view images can be modulated to different visual areas, and multi-view field free stereo display is realized.
The liquid crystal electro-optic angle modulation element comprises a liquid crystal device in which liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of voltage. The directional display emits light beams vertical to the direction of the display, the light beams are incident on a dynamic liquid crystal angle deflection device with optically equivalent liquid crystal appearance capable of being switched back and forth, under the gradual change action of driving voltage of strip electrodes, gradual change electric field intensity is presented in liquid crystal, the refractive index equivalent optical path distribution of a liquid crystal element is equivalent to the optical path distribution of a solid lens, the emergent direction of the light beams can be modulated, different images are presented in different visual areas, and multi-view free three-dimensional display is realized by utilizing a time division multiplexing technology or a space division multiplexing technology.
The liquid crystal polymer grating comprises a grating structure in which a liquid crystal layer and a polymer layer are alternately arranged under holographic exposure. The light beam emitted by the directional display is vertically incident on the liquid crystal polymer grating with gradually changed grating period and pixel size, so that the deflection of the light angle can be realized; the liquid crystal polymer grating is manufactured into a structure with pixel level size and grating periodicity gradually changing, and the space division multiplexing technology is utilized to transmit the two-dimensional comprehensive image information of multiple viewpoints to different viewpoints so as to realize the multi-viewpoint free three-dimensional display.
The acousto-optic modulation element comprises an acousto-optic medium, an electro-acoustic transducer and a sound absorption device. The electric field control generates ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves cause periodic changes of elastic strain of the medium in time and space during propagation in the medium, so that the refractive index of each position in the medium correspondingly changes along with the elastic strain at the position, and the medium can be regarded as a volume grating. The light beam is subjected to bragg diffraction, and the intensity, frequency, direction and the like of the emergent light rays are changed. The emergent light beam of the directional display is vertically incident on the acousto-optic modulator, different refractive index changes are generated in the acousto-optic modulator in different time by utilizing a time division multiplexing technology, namely, the grating periods in the acousto-optic modulator in different time are different, the emergent light beam deflection directions of the acousto-optic modulator are different, and multi-view free three-dimensional display is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the resonant cavity is utilized to realize the modulation of the light direction, the thickness of the resonant cavity is greatly reduced compared with the traditional method for realizing the modulation of the light direction, and the resonant cavity has a series of important characteristics such as coherence, directivity, monochromaticity and the like, and is very easy to apply to a three-dimensional display device realized on the basis of diffraction optics.
Compared with the traditional three-dimensional display realized by using an LCD, the application of self-luminous display devices such as an OLED and the like on the three-dimensional display has the advantages of display contrast, image quality and power consumption.
3. The three-dimensional display device is transparent as a whole and can be applied to AR display.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a three-dimensional display device based on directional display according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a light propagation for a single pixel of a monochrome directional display according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a multi-line addressing circuit for an OLED display in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating light propagation for a portion of a pixel of a color directional display according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a directional display in the form of a film according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device based on directional display, in which the angle-deflecting element is a pixel-type nano-grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional display device based on directional display, in which the angle-deflecting element is a liquid crystal electro-optic angle-deflecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional display device based on directional display, in which the angular deflection element is a liquid crystal polymer grating;
FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional display device based on directional display according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the angle deflection element is an acousto-optic modulation device;
wherein, 1, a complete reflector; 2. a transparent self-emissive display; 3. a partial mirror; 4. an angle deflection device; 5. a single pixel of a monochrome transparent self-emissive display; 6. r, G, B for each of the partial mirrors 7 and 8; 9. 10, 11 are full mirrors of R, G, B, respectively; 12. a pixel-type nano-grating; 13. a liquid crystal electro-optic angle modulation device; 14. a liquid crystal polymer grating; 15. an acousto-optic modulation device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described below with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the three-dimensional display device based on directional display includes a resonant cavity, a transparent self-luminous display, and an angle deflecting device 4. The directional display comprises a resonant cavity comprising a full mirror 1 and a partial mirror 3 in the visible range, enabling selection of the frequency and directionality of the light beam, and a transparent self-emitting display 2. The transparent self-luminous display 2 can be selected from but not limited to OLED and MicroLED. The angle deflection device 4 can be selected from, but not limited to, a pixel-type nano-grating, a liquid crystal electro-optic modulation element, a liquid crystal polymer grating, other electro-optic modulation devices, or an acousto-optic modulation device.
Each pixel point of the transparent self-luminous display emits light rays, the light rays are reflected back and forth in a resonant cavity formed by the complete reflector 1 and the partial reflector 3, and only the light beams meeting the resonance condition are emitted out perpendicular to the surface of the resonant cavity, so that the direction and the frequency of the emitted light beams are selected. Emergent light beams vertically enter the angle deflection device 4, the angle deflection device 4 is subjected to pixelization treatment, the direction of the emergent light beams is determined by parameters of pixels of the angle deflection device 4, image pixels of the directional display are correspondingly matched with pixels of the angle deflection device 4, images displayed by the directional display are modulated by the angle deflection device, and images with different visual angles are displayed in different visual areas, so that multi-view-point free three-dimensional display is realized.
Referring to fig. 2, the light rays of a single pixel 5 of a monochrome directional display travel to and from the resonant cavity. Let the radius of the curved surface of the perfect mirror 1 of the resonator be R1 and the radius of the curved surface of the partial mirror 3 be R2, at a distance L. The connecting line of the curvature centers of the two mirror surfaces forms the optical axis of the resonant cavity, and the cavity length of the resonant cavity is L. The method for analyzing the light matrix by geometric optics is known as follows:
wherein r isn、θnThe distance between the light ray and the axis after n times of round trip, the included angle between the light ray and the axis, and r1、θ1The distance of the emergent light of a single pixel 5 of the monochromatic directional display from the axis and the included angle between the light and the axis, respectively, and T is the total transformation matrix of the paraxial light which makes one round trip in the cavity and is expressed as
TnIs the product of n round trip matrices T. Paraxial rays can make multiple roundtrips within the cavity without escaping laterally outside the cavity when the following conditions are satisfied, where A, D has a value equal to half the curvature of the two mirrors of the cavityThe diameter is related to the lumen length.
When light is reflected on the cavity mirror, incident waves and reflected waves interfere with each other, multiple-beam interference can occur after multiple times of reciprocating reflection,
in order to generate stable oscillation in the cavity, constructive interference is required, i.e. the light wave makes a round trip and then is in phase with the original light wave. Thereby:
the resonant cavity with a certain L only provides positive feedback for the light wave with the frequency meeting the following condition, so that the light wave is resonated. Where L' is the optical length of the cavity.
A light wave meeting the resonance condition will exit, and the beam will exit in a direction perpendicular to the resonant cavity, see fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 3, in the active matrix driving mode of the OLED transparent self-luminous display, the off-screen driving circuit can independently control the brightness of each pixel point, and the angle modulation of the emergent light of each pixel can be realized by combining the parameter design of a single resonant cavity. The control of the active matrix driving can decompose the image or characters to be displayed into a two-dimensional distributed lattice array, and the directional image display can be realized after the emergent ray direction is determined by combining the resonant cavity.
Referring to fig. 4, light corresponding to 4 pixels of the directional display is transmitted. Parameters of R, G, B resonant cavities of three colors (a partial reflector 6 of R, a partial reflector 7 of G, a partial reflector 8 of B, a complete reflector 9 of R, a complete reflector 10 of G and a complete reflector 11 of B) need to be designed respectively to form a resonant cavity pixel, and the resonant cavities are arrayed to form an integral resonant cavity, so that vertical emergent of light rays of three colors is realized, and images can be displayed in a multi-color-gamut directional mode.
Referring to fig. 5, a directional display screen is formed by the resonant cavity in the form of a thin film. The film type resonant cavity is a parallel plane cavity, after the length of the resonant cavity is determined according to the resonant condition, a glass substrate is placed at a set position, and a visible light wave band complete reflection film and a partial reflection film are plated, so that the vertical output of light beams is realized.
Referring to fig. 6, the angle deflection element of the three-dimensional display device based on the directional display is a nano-grating 12 in the pixel type. The light beam emitted by the transparent self-luminous display 2 is vertical to the resonant cavity after passing through the resonant cavity and is emitted out, and multi-view free three-dimensional display is realized under the angle modulation of the pixel type nanometer grating 12. The pixel type nanometer grating 12 modulates the emergent angle of the two-dimensional multi-view image presented by the directional display, separates the view image into all view directions, and forms multi-view auto-stereoscopic display by using the space division multiplexing technology.
Referring to fig. 7, the angle deflection element of the three-dimensional display device based on the directional display is a dynamic liquid crystal electro-optic angle modulation device 13. The light beam emitted by the transparent self-luminous display 2 is vertical to the resonant cavity after passing through the resonant cavity and is emitted out, and multi-view free three-dimensional display is realized under the angle modulation of the dynamic liquid crystal device. Wherein, the common liquid crystal material can not realize fast switching, and blue phase material can be used for designing the dynamic liquid crystal device. By utilizing the advantage of dynamic adjustability, a dynamic liquid crystal lens array or a dynamic liquid crystal fresnel lens is designed, but not limited to this, and fig. 7 shows a dynamic liquid crystal lens array. When the display starts, the directional display emits a light beam vertical to the surface of the directional display, the liquid crystal lens performs back and forth switching of optical equivalent liquid crystal appearance under the adjustment of driving voltage, more specifically, the appearance of the liquid crystal lens is shown by a solid line in fig. 7 within the time of the first half frame in the display process, and the appearance projects an image on the directional display screen to a corresponding viewpoint area; in the second half frame time, the liquid crystal morphology changes, the changed morphology projects the image on the display screen to another viewpoint, and in the persistence time of vision of human eyes, a viewer can observe a three-dimensional display image. In realizing the multi-viewpoint display, space division multiplexing of a dynamic liquid crystal lens or time division multiplexing of a display image may be considered, but is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 8, the angular deflection element of the three-dimensional display device based on the directional display is a liquid crystal polymer grating 14. The light beam emitted by the transparent self-luminous display 2 is vertical to the resonant cavity after passing through the resonant cavity and is emitted out, and three-dimensional display is realized under the modulation of the liquid crystal polymer grating. The liquid crystal polymer grating 14 is a grating structure in which a liquid crystal layer and a polymer layer are alternately arranged by exposing a prepolymer mixed solution by holographic interference. By using the pixel type liquid crystal polymer grating 14 with gradually changing grating period, when light beams vertically enter the liquid crystal polymer grating, the light on different pixel points is deflected in different directions, and image information of different viewpoints on a two-dimensional image is transmitted to corresponding positions, namely, multi-viewpoint autostereoscopic display is realized by using space division multiplexing.
Referring to fig. 9, the angle deflection element of the three-dimensional display device based on the directional display is an acousto-optic modulation device 15. The light beam emitted from the transparent self-luminous display 2 is vertical to the resonant cavity after passing through the resonant cavity and is emitted out, and the three-dimensional display is realized under the action of the acousto-optic modulation device 15. The modulation power supply generates ultrasonic waves with certain parameters, the ultrasonic waves cause the periodic change of the elastic strain of the medium in time and space in the transmission process of the acousto-optic medium, so that the refractive index of each point in the medium correspondingly changes along with the elastic strain at the point, and the acousto-optic medium can be regarded as a volume grating. The light emitted by the directional display passes through the acousto-optic modulation device, so that the diffraction phenomenon is generated, and the parameters such as the direction, the intensity, the frequency and the like of the diffracted light are changed. The device can adopt time division multiplexing or space division multiplexing technology, the time division multiplexing technology utilizes the visual persistence effect of human eyes, and image information is transmitted to different directions through an acousto-optic modulation device at different times; the image information transmitted in the space division multiplexing technology is a two-dimensional multi-view point diagram, wherein different pixel point information is transmitted to different directions through an acousto-optic modulator. The observer can observe images at different angles when positioned at different viewpoints, thereby obtaining three-dimensional perception.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional display device for directional display is characterized in that the three-dimensional display device comprises a directional display and an angle deflection element, wherein the directional display comprises a resonant cavity and a transparent self-luminous display; the light beam emitted by the transparent self-luminous display is emitted to the angle deflection element after going back and forth in the resonant cavity; the resonant cavity consists of a complete reflector/a complete reflecting film and a partial reflector/a partial reflecting film which are positioned at two sides of the transparent self-luminous display; or the resonant cavity consists of wavelength-level optical structures positioned on two sides of the transparent self-luminous display;
the angle deflection element can adjust the angle of the deflected emergent light beam to realize free three-dimensional display; the two-dimensional images of multiple viewpoints are separated by an angle deflection element to realize different viewpoint images, or time division multiplexing is adopted, different time corresponds to different visual areas, the images project to different viewpoints by the angle deflection element at different time to form a multi-viewpoint free three-dimensional display effect;
the wavelength-level optical structure is theoretically designed, reflection characteristics with specific reflectivity can be realized, after light beams of the transparent self-luminous display are emitted, light rays are reflected back and forth through the front super-surface structure and the rear super-surface structure, the light beams meeting resonance conditions are finally emitted, and directional display of the transparent self-luminous display is realized.
2. A three-dimensional directional display device according to claim 1, wherein said full mirror/full reflection film and said partial mirror/partial reflection film are respectively disposed on both sides of a single pixel of said transparent self-luminous display to form a resonator structure; the parameter design of the complete reflection mirror/complete reflection film and the partial reflection mirror/partial reflection film positioned at the two sides of each pixel of the transparent self-luminous display is the same; the parameters include the radius of curvature of the full mirror/full reflective film and the partial mirror/partial reflective film, the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
3. A three-dimensional directional display device according to claim 1, wherein said full mirror/full reflection film and said partial mirror/partial reflection film are respectively disposed on both sides of a single pixel of said transparent self-luminous display to form a resonator structure; the parameter design of a complete reflecting mirror/complete reflecting film and a partial reflecting mirror/partial reflecting film which are positioned at two sides of each pixel with the same color of the transparent self-luminous display are the same, the RGB three-color pixel array of the transparent self-luminous display is arranged, and the parameter design of the complete reflecting mirror/complete reflecting film and the partial reflecting mirror/partial reflecting film is also arranged along with the RGB three-color pixel array; the parameters include the radius of curvature of the full mirror/full reflective film and the partial mirror/partial reflective film, the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
4. A three-dimensional display device for directional display according to claim 1, wherein said angular deflection element is selected from the group consisting of pixilated nano-gratings, liquid crystal polymer gratings, electro-optic modulating elements, and acousto-optic modulating elements; the electro-optical modulation element is selected from liquid crystal electro-optical angle modulation elements.
5. A three-dimensional display device for directional display according to claim 4, wherein said pixilated nano-gratings comprise a combination of gratings of a single pixel size with grating periods varying in the order of sub-wavelength.
6. A three-dimensional display device with directional display according to claim 4, wherein said liquid crystal electro-optic angle modulating element comprises a liquid crystal device in which liquid crystal molecules are deflected by a voltage.
7. A three-dimensional display device with directional display according to claim 4, wherein said liquid crystal polymer grating comprises a grating structure of alternating liquid crystal and polymer layers obtained by holographic exposure.
8. A three-dimensional display device for directional display according to claim 4, wherein said acousto-optic modulating element comprises an acousto-optic medium, an electro-acoustic transducer and a sound absorbing device.
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