CN112285326A - Soil pollution detection method - Google Patents
Soil pollution detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285326A CN112285326A CN202011211026.2A CN202011211026A CN112285326A CN 112285326 A CN112285326 A CN 112285326A CN 202011211026 A CN202011211026 A CN 202011211026A CN 112285326 A CN112285326 A CN 112285326A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil pollution detection method, and relates to the technical field of soil pollution detection. The soil pollution detection method comprises the following steps: s1, sampling: sampling soil of a to-be-tested land by a multi-time five-point sampling method, loading the sample by a sealed sterile bag, weighing, and recording the initial weight of the soil; s2, drying; s3, grinding; s4, manufacturing detection liquid; s5, detecting heavy metals; s6, detecting toxic substances; s7, determining the content of microorganisms; and S8, obtaining data. The sample is adopted through an extra five-point sampling method, and the mixing and stirring of the same mass are carried out simultaneously, so that the sample is relatively average, the obtained data are relatively accurate, the pollution condition of the whole soil can be expressed, the comprehensive detection on the pollution of the soil is facilitated through the detection of heavy metal detection, toxicity detection and bacteria, the main pollution source and the main pollutants of the soil are deduced, and the processing and the improvement in the later period are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution detection, in particular to a soil pollution detection method.
Background
Along with the improvement of people's life, when carrying out agricultural production, all through automated production, the pesticide is used in the prevention of insect pest, the establishment of mill, the emission of sewage, the increase of rubbish etc. these make the pollution of soil more and more serious for the heavy metal of current agricultural product, toxin etc. accumulate more and more, just need detect the pollution degree of soil.
Soil pollution monitoring is one of the important contents of environmental monitoring, and aims to find background values, monitor, forecast and control soil environmental quality. The preferential monitor of soil pollution should be a substance that has a significant impact on the health of the human population and on maintaining ecological balance. Elemental and inorganic contaminants such as mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, copper, aluminum, nickel, zinc, selenium, chromium, vanadium, manganese, sulfates, nitrates, halides, carbonates, and the like; petroleum, organic phosphorus and chlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, chloral and other biologically active substances.
The existing soil detection method cannot effectively detect the whole soil area, the detection result is limited, the pollution degree of the soil cannot be well represented, the detected data is relatively comprehensive, and whether the soil detection method is suitable for the growth of crops or not cannot be detected.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a soil pollution detection method, which solves the problems of inaccurate detection result and one-sided detection.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a soil pollution detection method comprises a scale cleaning disc and comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling soil of a to-be-tested land by a multi-time five-point sampling method, loading the sample by a sealed sterile bag, weighing, and recording the initial weight of the soil;
s2, drying: measuring the internal pH value of the brought-back sample through a pH detector, and drying the sample through a dryer until the water content is 10-20%;
s3, grinding: grinding the dried sample by a grinding machine, then filtering by a filter sieve, and repeating the work until all the samples are sieved to finish the grinding work;
s4, manufacturing detection liquid: preparing a solution by dissolving a ground soil sample in sterile water, sufficiently dissolving the soil sample, and removing precipitates in the solution;
s5, detecting heavy metals: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, adding a flocculating agent into the prepared solution, and then detecting the content of heavy metal in the prepared solution through fluorescence spectrum alkalinity;
s6, detecting toxic substances: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, detecting pesticide components such as organic phosphorus, organic nitrogen, organic mercury and the like in the prepared solution by a gas chromatograph, and obtaining the content of the prepared solution;
s7, determining the content of microorganisms: diluting the solution according to a proportion, then inoculating the diluted solution into a culture medium for culture, and replacing the number of microorganisms by the number of colonies after the culture is finished;
s8, obtaining data: different samples are measured for multiple times, and the average value of multiple times of experimental data is obtained to obtain final experimental data.
Preferably, the mesh of the filter screen in the S3 is 1000 meshes.
Preferably, the multiple five-point sampling method in S1 includes dividing the land to be measured into nine areas according to the area, taking four corners and a center position, continuously dividing the selected area according to the four corners and the center, performing cross sampling 2-3 times in this way, sampling to reduce errors, and performing cross sampling in S8 by first taking the four sides and the center, and then taking the four corners and the center again in this way.
Preferably, the sampling depth is ten centimeters below the rooting depth of the crops, the sampled samples are weighed, the weight of the samples in each place is consistent, and stirring and mixing are carried out.
Preferably, the number of times of measurement in S8 is at least 5, and the highest and lowest data are discarded and averaged.
Preferably, the flocculating agent in the S5 is an aluminum chloride flocculating aid and a polyacrylamide flocculating agent.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a soil pollution detection method. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, samples are sampled by a five-point sampling method, and the samples are mixed and stirred at the same time, so that the samples are relatively average, the obtained data are relatively accurate, and the pollution condition of the whole soil can be expressed.
2. According to the invention, through heavy metal detection, toxicity detection and bacteria detection, the soil pollution can be comprehensively detected, so that the main pollution source and main pollutants of the soil can be inferred, and the later treatment and improvement are facilitated.
3. This method civilian detects through being provided with the pH valve to and the sample is ten centimeters below the earth's surface to crops growth root, is convenient for detect the growing environment of crops, is convenient for improve to, makes the growth of crops comparatively safe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a soil pollution detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling soil of a to-be-tested land by a multi-time five-point sampling method, loading the sample by a sealed sterile bag, weighing, and recording the initial weight of the soil;
s2, drying: measuring the internal pH value of the brought-back sample through a pH detector, and drying the sample through a dryer until the water content is 10-20%;
s3, grinding: grinding the dried sample by a grinding machine, then filtering by a filter sieve, and repeating the work until all the samples are sieved to finish the grinding work;
s4, manufacturing detection liquid: preparing a solution by dissolving a ground soil sample in sterile water, sufficiently dissolving the soil sample, and removing precipitates in the solution;
s5, detecting heavy metals: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, adding a flocculating agent into the prepared solution, and then detecting the content of heavy metal in the prepared solution through fluorescence spectrum alkalinity;
s6, detecting toxic substances: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, detecting pesticide components such as organic phosphorus, organic nitrogen, organic mercury and the like in the prepared solution by a gas chromatograph, and obtaining the content of the prepared solution;
s7, determining the content of microorganisms: diluting the solution according to a proportion, then inoculating the diluted solution into a culture medium for culture, and replacing the number of microorganisms by the number of colonies after the culture is finished;
s8, obtaining data: different samples are measured for multiple times, and the average value of multiple times of experimental data is obtained to obtain final experimental data.
The mesh of the filter screen in the S3 is 1000 meshes, the sampling depth is ten centimeters below the rooting depth of the crops, the sampled samples are weighed, the weight of the samples in each place is consistent, stirring and mixing are carried out, the number of times of measurement in the S8 is at least 5 times, the highest data and the lowest data are discarded, the average value is obtained, and the flocculating agents in the S5 are aluminum chloride coagulant aids and polyacrylamide flocculating agents.
The multiple five-point sampling method in the S1 includes dividing the land to be tested into nine areas according to the area, taking four corners and a central position, continuously dividing the selected place according to the method, sampling for 2-3 times, and reducing errors.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a soil pollution detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling soil of a to-be-tested land by a multi-time five-point sampling method, loading the sample by a sealed sterile bag, weighing, and recording the initial weight of the soil;
s2, drying: measuring the internal pH value of the brought-back sample through a pH detector, and drying the sample through a dryer until the water content is 10-20%;
s3, grinding: grinding the dried sample by a grinding machine, then filtering by a filter sieve, and repeating the work until all the samples are sieved to finish the grinding work;
s4, manufacturing detection liquid: preparing a solution by dissolving a ground soil sample in sterile water, sufficiently dissolving the soil sample, and removing precipitates in the solution;
s5, detecting heavy metals: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, adding a flocculating agent into the prepared solution, and then detecting the content of heavy metal in the prepared solution through fluorescence spectrum alkalinity;
s6, detecting toxic substances: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, detecting pesticide components such as organic phosphorus, organic nitrogen, organic mercury and the like in the prepared solution by a gas chromatograph, and obtaining the content of the prepared solution;
s7, determining the content of microorganisms: diluting the solution according to a proportion, then inoculating the diluted solution into a culture medium for culture, and replacing the number of microorganisms by the number of colonies after the culture is finished;
s8, obtaining data: different samples are measured for multiple times, and the average value of multiple times of experimental data is obtained to obtain final experimental data.
The mesh of the filter screen in the S3 is 1000 meshes, the sampling depth is ten centimeters below the rooting depth of the crops, the sampled samples are weighed, the weight of the samples in each place is consistent, stirring and mixing are carried out, the number of times of measurement in the S8 is at least 5 times, the highest data and the lowest data are discarded, the average value is obtained, and the flocculating agents in the S5 are aluminum chloride coagulant aids and polyacrylamide flocculating agents.
The multiple five-point sampling method in the S1 includes dividing the land to be tested into nine areas according to the area, taking the four edges and the central position, continuously dividing the selected place according to the method, sampling for 2-3 times, and reducing errors.
Example three:
the embodiment of the invention provides a soil pollution detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling soil of a to-be-tested land by a multi-time five-point sampling method, loading the sample by a sealed sterile bag, weighing, and recording the initial weight of the soil;
s2, drying: measuring the internal pH value of the brought-back sample through a pH detector, and drying the sample through a dryer until the water content is 10-20%;
s3, grinding: grinding the dried sample by a grinding machine, then filtering by a filter sieve, and repeating the work until all the samples are sieved to finish the grinding work;
s4, manufacturing detection liquid: preparing a solution by dissolving a ground soil sample in sterile water, sufficiently dissolving the soil sample, and removing precipitates in the solution;
s5, detecting heavy metals: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, adding a flocculating agent into the prepared solution, and then detecting the content of heavy metal in the prepared solution through fluorescence spectrum alkalinity;
s6, detecting toxic substances: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, detecting pesticide components such as organic phosphorus, organic nitrogen, organic mercury and the like in the prepared solution by a gas chromatograph, and obtaining the content of the prepared solution;
s7, determining the content of microorganisms: diluting the solution according to a proportion, then inoculating the diluted solution into a culture medium for culture, and replacing the number of microorganisms by the number of colonies after the culture is finished;
s8, obtaining data: different samples are measured for multiple times, and the average value of multiple times of experimental data is obtained to obtain final experimental data.
The mesh of the filter screen in the S3 is 1000 meshes, the sampling depth is ten centimeters below the rooting depth of the crops, the sampled samples are weighed, the weight of the samples in each place is consistent, stirring and mixing are carried out, the number of times of measurement in the S8 is at least 5 times, the highest data and the lowest data are discarded, the average value is obtained, and the flocculating agents in the S5 are aluminum chloride coagulant aids and polyacrylamide flocculating agents.
The multi-time five-point sampling method in the S1 includes dividing the land to be tested into nine areas according to the area, taking four corners and the center position, continuously dividing the selected place according to the four edges and the center, and performing cross sampling for 2-3 times to reduce errors.
Sampling in S8 is carried out by taking four sides and the center, taking four corners and the center again, and thus, sampling is carried out in a crossed manner.
The method enables the sampling error to be minimum, the experimental data to be truest and the error to be minimum.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A soil pollution detection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling: sampling soil of a to-be-tested land by a multi-time five-point sampling method, loading the sample by a sealed sterile bag, weighing, and recording the initial weight of the soil;
s2, drying: measuring the internal pH value of the brought-back sample through a pH detector, and drying the sample through a dryer until the water content is 10-20%;
s3, grinding: grinding the dried sample by a grinding machine, then filtering by a filter sieve, and repeating the work until all the samples are sieved to finish the grinding work;
s4, manufacturing detection liquid: preparing a solution by dissolving a ground soil sample in sterile water, sufficiently dissolving the soil sample, and removing precipitates in the solution;
s5, detecting heavy metals: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, adding a flocculating agent into the prepared solution, and then detecting the content of heavy metal in the prepared solution through fluorescence spectrum alkalinity;
s6, detecting toxic substances: taking out a proper amount of the prepared solution, detecting pesticide components such as organic phosphorus, organic nitrogen, organic mercury and the like in the prepared solution by a gas chromatograph, and obtaining the content of the prepared solution;
s7, determining the content of microorganisms: diluting the solution according to a proportion, then inoculating the diluted solution into a culture medium for culture, and replacing the number of microorganisms by the number of colonies after the culture is finished;
s8, obtaining data: different samples are measured for multiple times, and the average value of multiple times of experimental data is obtained to obtain final experimental data.
2. A soil contamination detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the meshes of the filter screen in the S3 are 1000 meshes.
3. A soil contamination detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the multi-time five-point sampling method in the S1 includes dividing the land to be tested into nine areas according to the area, taking four corners and a center, continuously dividing the selected area according to the four edges and the center, performing cross sampling for 2-3 times in the above way, sampling to reduce errors, performing sampling in the S8, firstly taking the four edges and the center, then taking the four corners and the center again, and performing cross sampling in the above way.
4. A soil contamination detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling depth is ten centimeters below the rooting depth of the crops, the sampled samples are weighed, the weight of the samples in each place is consistent, and stirring and mixing are carried out.
5. A soil contamination detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of measurements in S8 is at least 5, and the highest and lowest data are discarded and averaged.
6. A soil contamination detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flocculating agent in the S5 is an aluminum chloride flocculating aid and a polyacrylamide flocculating agent.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011211026.2A CN112285326A (en) | 2020-11-03 | 2020-11-03 | Soil pollution detection method |
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| CN202011211026.2A CN112285326A (en) | 2020-11-03 | 2020-11-03 | Soil pollution detection method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507821A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-09-07 | 温州新鸿检测技术有限公司 | A kind of soil pollution detection method |
| CN110146559A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-20 | 福建九五检测技术服务有限公司 | A kind of soil pollution detection method |
| CN110736727A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-31 | 中徽绿管家科技(北京)有限公司 | soil pollution detection method |
| CN111069272A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-28 | 广东东图规划科技有限公司 | Method for repairing soil pollution |
| CN111189666A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-22 | 青岛农业大学 | Investigation method for occurrence quantity and occurrence rule of soil living pests |
-
2020
- 2020-11-03 CN CN202011211026.2A patent/CN112285326A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507821A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-09-07 | 温州新鸿检测技术有限公司 | A kind of soil pollution detection method |
| CN110146559A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-20 | 福建九五检测技术服务有限公司 | A kind of soil pollution detection method |
| CN110736727A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-31 | 中徽绿管家科技(北京)有限公司 | soil pollution detection method |
| CN111069272A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-28 | 广东东图规划科技有限公司 | Method for repairing soil pollution |
| CN111189666A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-22 | 青岛农业大学 | Investigation method for occurrence quantity and occurrence rule of soil living pests |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 姚进一 等: "《环境监测技术 工学结合教材》", 31 March 2015, 中国环境出版社 * |
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