CN112285218A - Method for tracing smell in vehicle - Google Patents

Method for tracing smell in vehicle Download PDF

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CN112285218A
CN112285218A CN202010918650.XA CN202010918650A CN112285218A CN 112285218 A CN112285218 A CN 112285218A CN 202010918650 A CN202010918650 A CN 202010918650A CN 112285218 A CN112285218 A CN 112285218A
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component
corresponding relation
odor
smell
vehicle
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CN112285218B (en
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李明桓
熊芬
张�杰
樊云天
姚响林
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02Column chromatography
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02Column chromatography
    • G01N30/04Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02Column chromatography
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Abstract

The application discloses in-vehicle smell tracing method relates to volatile smell detection and differentiates technical field, and it includes: placing a sample to be detected in an environmental container for pretreatment; collecting a gas sample in a part of environment containers and obtaining a first corresponding relation between the concentration of each component substance in the gas sample and time through GCMS; collecting a gas sample in a part of environment containers and obtaining a second corresponding relation of concentration-time of each component substance in the gas sample through GC-TOF; collecting a gas sample in a part of environment containers, qualitatively and quantitatively detecting through GC-O/MS, and determining the taste and odor intensity of the gas sample by using an odor nose to obtain a third corresponding relation of concentration-odor-time of each component substance in the gas sample; and correcting the third corresponding relation to obtain the chemical substance corresponding to the smell. According to the method and the device, all chemical substances corresponding to the smell in the vehicle can be accurately determined, and the smell in the vehicle is improved and controlled.

Description

Method for tracing smell in vehicle
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of volatile smell detection and identification, in particular to an in-vehicle smell tracing method.
Background
At present, with the rapid increase of the automobile keeping quantity in China, automobiles play an increasingly important role in daily life, and the improvement of the living standard of substances of consumers also makes the requirements of the consumers on the environment in the automobiles more severe. Since 2015, "unpleasant odor in the car" continues to be the most frequently occurring and complaining problem.
In the related technology, a GC-O/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometer-sniffer combined technology) is generally adopted to trace the source of the odor in the vehicle, and the source of the chemical substances causing the odor in the vehicle is found by determining the chemical substances related to the odor in the vehicle so as to improve the odor in the vehicle.
However, this solution has the following disadvantages: 1. a sampling test is carried out by using a TENAX tube, so that odorous small molecular substances, such as ethanol, halide, sulfide and the like, cannot be detected, and a detection blind area exists; 2. the accuracy of the test result is insufficient, and the specific components need to be further analyzed and confirmed subsequently.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the defects that exists among the prior art is directed at, the purpose of this application is to provide an interior smell traceability method of car in order to solve the problem that smell detection precision is not enough among the correlation technique.
The application provides an in-vehicle smell tracing method, which comprises the following steps:
placing a sample to be detected in an environmental container for pretreatment;
collecting part of gas samples in the environment container and qualitatively and quantitatively detecting the gas samples through GCMS to obtain a first corresponding relation between the substance concentration and the time of each component in the gas samples;
collecting a part of gas samples in the environment container and carrying out qualitative and quantitative detection through GC-TOF to obtain a second corresponding relation between the substance concentration and the time of each component in the gas samples;
collecting part of gas samples in the environment container, qualitatively and quantitatively detecting through GC-O/MS, and determining the taste and odor intensity of the gas samples by using an odor nose to obtain a third corresponding relation of substance concentration-odor-time of each component in the gas samples;
and correcting the third corresponding relation through the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation to obtain the chemical substance corresponding to the smell.
In some embodiments, collecting a gas sample in a portion of the environmental container specifically includes:
respectively adopting a TENAX tube and an inertia collecting device to collect the gas sample in the pretreated environmental container;
and the gas sample collected by the inert collection device enters GCMS for detection, and the gas sample collected by the TENAX tube respectively enters GC XGC-TOF and GC-O/MS for detection.
In some embodiments, the gas sample within the TENAX tube enters the above-described GC x GC-TOF or GC-O/MS by thermal desorption.
In some embodiments, the inert collection device is a suma tank.
In some embodiments, the modifying the third corresponding relationship according to the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship specifically includes:
based on the third corresponding relation, searching a time point when the smell appears, and determining a first component corresponding to the time point;
when the first component is not an alkane, finding as the second component the same component as in said first correspondence that occurs last in a third correspondence before said first component occurs, and finding as the second component the same component as in said first correspondence that occurs first in said third correspondence after said first component occurs;
obtaining a fourth component having the first corresponding relationship between the first component and the odor in the first component by using the second component to the third component, and correcting the third corresponding relationship;
when the first component is alkane, searching the same component as that in the second corresponding relation which appears last in the third corresponding relation before the first component appears as a fifth component, and searching the same component as that in the second corresponding relation which appears first in the third corresponding relation after the first component appears as a sixth component;
and taking the fifth component to the sixth component as a second component, obtaining a seventh component of the second corresponding relationship, wherein the seventh component has the smell in the second component, and correcting the third corresponding relationship.
In some embodiments, obtaining the first corresponding relationship further comprises, after obtaining the fourth component having the odor in the first component area:
in the second correspondence, two components that are the same as or similar to the second component and the third component are respectively obtained as similar component intervals, and an eighth component having the odor in the similar component intervals is obtained; the similar components are different chemical substances with the same molecular formula and belonging to the same substance class;
and correcting the third corresponding relation according to the eighth component.
In some embodiments, the qualitative and quantitative detection by GC × GC-TOF specifically comprises:
and (3) separating the gas sample in a first gas chromatography, re-injecting each separated component into a second gas chromatography for re-separation, and performing qualitative and quantitative detection on each re-separated component in TOF.
In some embodiments, qualitative and quantitative detection by GC-O/MS, while using an odor nose to determine the taste and odor intensity of a gas sample, specifically includes:
the gas sample enters a gas chromatograph for separation, each separated component is divided into two paths, one path enters a mass spectrometer for qualitative and quantitative detection, the other path enters a sniffing port, the taste and the odor intensity of each component are determined through an odor nose, meanwhile, manual knob electronic signal recording is carried out, and the recorded result is processed by a computer to form a spectrogram or corresponding information data.
In some embodiments, the sample to be tested includes a finished vehicle, a part disassembled from the finished vehicle, and a material disassembled from the part.
In some embodiments, the pre-treating the sample to be tested in the environmental container specifically includes:
setting the air flow rate, temperature and humidity in the environment container, and placing the sample to be tested in the environment container for a preset time.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
according to the in-vehicle smell tracing method, the gas sample released by the sample to be detected is qualitatively and quantitatively detected through GCMS, GC x GC-TOF and GC-O/MS respectively, so that a first corresponding relation of substance concentration-time, a second corresponding relation of substance concentration-time and a third corresponding relation of substance concentration-smell-time in the gas sample are obtained respectively, and the third corresponding relation is corrected through the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation, so that all chemical substances corresponding to the in-vehicle smell can be determined more comprehensively and accurately, and the in-vehicle smell can be improved and controlled better.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an in-vehicle odor tracing method in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an in-vehicle smell tracing method, which includes the steps of:
s1, placing a sample to be detected in an environmental container for pretreatment.
S2, collecting a part of gas samples in the environment container, and qualitatively and quantitatively detecting through a GCMS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometer), so as to obtain a first corresponding relation between the substance concentration and the time of each component in the gas samples.
And S3, collecting a part of gas samples in the environment container, and performing qualitative and quantitative detection through GC-TOF (gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometer) to obtain a second corresponding relation between the substance concentration and time of each component in the gas samples.
And S4, collecting a part of gas samples in the environment container, qualitatively and quantitatively detecting through GC-O/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometer-olfactory sensor combination instrument), and determining the taste and odor intensity of the gas samples by using an odor nose to obtain a third corresponding relation of substance concentration-odor-time of each component in the gas samples.
And S5, correcting the third corresponding relation through the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation to obtain the chemical substance corresponding to the smell.
According to the in-vehicle smell tracing method provided by the embodiment of the application, the gas sample released by the sample to be detected is qualitatively and quantitatively detected through GCMS, GC x GC-TOF and GC-O/MS respectively to obtain the first corresponding relation of the substance concentration-time, the second corresponding relation of the substance concentration-time and the third corresponding relation of the substance concentration-smell-time, and the third corresponding relation is corrected through the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation, so that all chemical substances corresponding to in-vehicle smell can be determined more comprehensively and accurately, and further the in-vehicle smell can be better improved and controlled.
In this embodiment, the above-mentioned gas sample in the collection part environment container specifically includes:
and respectively adopting two TENAX tubes and an inert collection device to collect the gas sample in the pretreated environment container. Specifically, the gas samples collected by the inert collection device enter GCMS for detection, and the gas samples collected by the two TENAX tubes respectively enter GC XGC-TOF and GC-O/MS for detection.
Preferably, the inert collection device is a suma tank, which is an air sampling tank for collecting and storing VOC gas (volatile organic compounds). The inner surface of the suma jar is passivated to ensure that the ingredients remain stable during storage.
In this embodiment, because the sampling principles of the sumax tank and the TENAX tube are different, and the detection accuracies of the GCMS, the GC × GC-TOF and the GC-O/MS are different, the components measured by each combination instrument are all the components measured by the combination instrument with the corresponding accuracy.
Further, the gas sample in the TENAX tube enters the GC x GC-TOF or GC-O/MS by means of thermal desorption.
Optionally, before the third correspondence is corrected, the same chemical substances (with the same CAS number) and the same chemical substances with the same molecular weight in the three correspondences may be labeled, so as to facilitate later comparative analysis.
In this embodiment, in the step S5, the correcting the third corresponding relationship according to the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship specifically includes:
firstly, based on the third corresponding relation, searching the time point of the smell appearance, and determining the first component corresponding to the time point.
Then, it is determined whether the first component is an alkane.
When the first component is not an alkane, the same component as in said first correspondence that occurs last in the third correspondence before said first component occurs is searched for as the second component, and the same component as in said first correspondence that occurs first in the third correspondence after said first component occurs is searched for as the second component.
Then, the fourth component having the first corresponding relationship with the odor in the first component section is obtained from the second component to the third component, and the third corresponding relationship is corrected.
When the first component is an alkane, the odor is an odor having an alkane, the same component as in the second correspondence which appears last in the third correspondence before the appearance of the first component is searched for as a fifth component, and the same component as in the second correspondence which appears first in the third correspondence after the appearance of the first component is searched for as a sixth component.
Then, the fifth component to the sixth component are taken as a second component, a seventh component of the second corresponding relationship having the odor in the second component is obtained, and the third corresponding relationship is corrected. Among them, attention is paid to small molecular weight compounds, halogen compounds and sulfides.
Further, obtaining the first corresponding relationship after obtaining a fourth component having the odor in the first component space further includes:
first, in the second correspondence, two components that are the same as or similar to the second component and the third component are respectively obtained as similar component sections, and an eighth component having the above-described odor in the above-described similar component sections is obtained. Wherein, similar components are different chemical substances with the same molecular formula and belonging to the same substance class.
Then, the third correspondence relationship is corrected based on the eighth component, indicating that the component having the odor contains the eighth component.
Preferably, in step S2, the qualitative and quantitative detection by GCMS specifically includes:
and (3) allowing a gas sample in the suma tank to enter a gas chromatograph GC of the GCMS for separation, and allowing each separated component to enter a mass spectrometer MS for qualitative and quantitative detection.
In this embodiment, the suma canister collects the gas sample more thoroughly than the TENAX tube. And performing full spectrum analysis by combining the Suma tank with GCMS (GCMS), so as to obtain the component types and concentrations of the gas sample in the Suma tank, and further obtain a first corresponding relation between the substance concentration and the time.
Preferably, in the step S3, the qualitative and quantitative detection by GC × GC-TOF specifically includes:
and (3) allowing the gas sample in the TENAX tube to enter a first gas chromatograph GC in a GC x GC-TOF for separation, re-injecting the separated components into a second gas chromatograph GC for re-separation, and allowing the re-separated components to enter a time-of-flight mass spectrometer TOF for qualitative and quantitative detection.
In this embodiment, a second corresponding relationship between the substance concentration and time is obtained by performing full spectrum analysis by combining a TENAX tube with GC × GC-TOF to obtain the component species and the concentration of the gas sample in the TENAX tube.
Preferably, in step S4, the qualitative and quantitative GC-O/MS detecting and determining the taste and odor intensity of the gas sample by using the odor nose includes:
and the gas sample in the TENAX pipe enters a gas chromatograph GC in a GC-O/MS for separation, each separated component is divided into two paths, one path enters a mass spectrometer MS for qualitative and quantitative detection, the other path enters a sniffing port, the taste and the odor intensity of each component are determined through an odor nose, meanwhile, manual knob electronic signal recording is carried out, and the recorded result is processed by a computer to form a spectrogram or corresponding information data.
Subsequently, the results of the mass spectra, i.e. the substances and their retention times (time of appearance of the substances), were matched consistently with the retention times (time of appearance of the odor) of the olfactory results.
Where the taste and odor intensity of a composition is determined by an odor nose, the odor properties of a gas sample are evaluated by a number of odor evaluators. Preferably, the odor property evaluation is performed on the gas sample by at least 5 odor evaluators, and the sample is judged to exhibit the odor property for odor properties that repeatedly occur ≧ 2 times at the time of evaluation.
Due to the selective adsorption function of the TENAX tube, the determination of the taste and odor intensity of each component of the gas sample in the TENAX tube by the odor nose can be facilitated.
In this embodiment, a third correspondence relationship between the substance concentration, the odor, and the time may be obtained by performing a full spectrum analysis by combining the TENAX tube with the GC-O/MS, and further obtaining the component type, the concentration, the component retention time, and the corresponding odor intensity and odor property of the gas sample in the TENAX tube.
In this embodiment, the sample to be tested includes a complete vehicle, a component detached from the complete vehicle, and a material detached from the component.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application can be used for respectively detecting the smell of the whole vehicle, the parts separated from the whole vehicle and the materials separated from the parts.
Preferably, the pre-treating the sample to be tested in the environmental container specifically includes:
setting the air flow rate, temperature and humidity in the environment container, and placing the sample to be tested in the environment container for a preset time.
According to different samples to be detected, different environment containers can be selected, and the air flow rate, the temperature and the humidity in the pretreatment process and the preset time for placing the samples to be detected in the corresponding environment containers are different.
Taking a part in a vehicle as an example for carrying out odor tracing, the first corresponding relation of the Suma tank combined with GCMS is shown in the following table 1, the second corresponding relation of the TENAX tube combined with GC x GC-TOF is shown in the following table 2, and the third corresponding relation of the TENAX tube combined with GC-O/MS is shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002665901630000091
Figure BDA0002665901630000101
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002665901630000111
Figure BDA0002665901630000121
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002665901630000122
In this example, as shown in table 3, when sour taste and solvent taste appear, the appearing acetic acid generally appears sour taste and has no solvent taste, and the acetic acid is not alkane, so that the full spectrum data of GC/MS and GC-O/MS can be compared. As shown in Table 1, the chemical species present between the first component and the second component were analyzed using the same species in GC-O/MS, n-hexane and 3-methylcyclopentene, as present before and after acetic acid, as present in the GC/MS full spectrum data, as the two end-point components between the first component.
Among these, the GC/MS full spectrum data showed solvent-borne 2-butanone and ethyl acetate in this first component interval. In the GC × GC-TOF data, however, n-hexane and 1-methylcyclopentene were present, wherein 1-methylcyclopentene and 3-methylcyclopentene belong to the same chemical family of the same molecular formula, and only the methyl position of the two groups was different. In the second corresponding relation, the n-hexane and the 1-methylcyclopentene are used as similar component intervals, and the methyl formate in the similar component intervals is represented as solvent flavor, so that the three corresponding relations are combined, and the substances with sour taste and solvent flavor in GC-O/MS full spectrum data can be judged to be acetic acid, ester substances and 2-butanone.
As shown in tables 2 and 3, for longer lasting plastic flavors, the corresponding chemical in the full spectrum data of GC-O/MS is 2,3, 3-trimethylpentane, in contrast to the 2,3, 3-trimethylpentane and its neighboring chemicals that also appear in the GC-TOF data. The chemical species appearing before and after 2,3, 3-trimethylpentane, the same species methylcyclohexane and toluene in the GC-O/MS as in the GC XGC-TOF data, were analyzed as two end-point components between the second component.
Among them, the GC × GC-TOF data contains various branched alkanes other than 2,3, 3-trimethylpentane, and since the branched alkanes have typical plastic odor in the mixture, which matches the plastic odor of a long time smelled by a sniffer, it is determined that the chemical substances showing plastic odor at this time are various branched alkane mixtures, not only 2,3, 3-trimethylpentane.
Finally, chemical substances corresponding to each smell can be obtained,
the odor tracing method of the embodiment aims to assist in correcting the test analysis result of the combination of the TENAX tube and the GC-O/MS by combining the Suma tank with the GCMS and the combination of the TENAX tube and the GC XGC-TOF so as to eliminate a detection blind area and more accurately find out substances generating odor, thereby improving and controlling the odor in a vehicle and providing a guiding idea for the optimization of subsequent vehicle materials.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for tracing the source of smell in a vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a sample to be detected in an environmental container for pretreatment;
collecting part of gas samples in the environment container and qualitatively and quantitatively detecting the gas samples through GCMS to obtain a first corresponding relation between substance concentration and time of each component in the gas samples;
collecting a part of gas samples in the environment container and carrying out qualitative and quantitative detection through GC-TOF to obtain a second corresponding relation between substance concentration and time of each component in the gas samples;
collecting part of gas samples in the environment container, qualitatively and quantitatively detecting the gas samples through GC-O/MS, and determining the taste and the odor intensity of the gas samples by using an odor nose to obtain a third corresponding relation of substance concentration-odor-time of each component in the gas samples;
and correcting the third corresponding relation through the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation to obtain the chemical substance corresponding to the smell.
2. The in-vehicle odor tracing method according to claim 1, wherein collecting a portion of the gas sample in the environmental container specifically comprises:
respectively adopting a TENAX tube and an inertia collecting device to collect a gas sample in the pretreated environmental container;
and the gas sample collected by the inert collection device enters GCMS for detection, and the gas sample collected by the TENAX tube respectively enters GC XGC-TOF and GC-O/MS for detection.
3. The in-vehicle smell tracing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the gas sample in the TENAX tube enters the GC x GC-TOF or GC-O/MS by means of thermal desorption.
4. The in-vehicle smell tracing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inert collecting device is a suma tank.
5. The in-vehicle odor tracing method according to claim 2, wherein the correcting the third correspondence relationship by the first correspondence relationship and the second correspondence relationship specifically includes:
based on the third corresponding relation, searching a time point when the smell appears, and determining a first component corresponding to the time point;
when the first component is non-alkane, finding the same component as in the first correspondence that occurs last in a third correspondence before the occurrence of the first component as the second component, and finding the same component as in the first correspondence that occurs first in the third correspondence after the occurrence of the first component as the second component;
obtaining a fourth component of the first corresponding relation, which has the smell in the first component, from the second component to the third component, and correcting the third corresponding relation;
when the first component is alkane, searching the component which appears before the first component and is the same as the component in the second corresponding relation in the third corresponding relation, as a fifth component, and searching the component which appears first in the third corresponding relation and is the same as the component in the second corresponding relation after the first component appears, as a sixth component;
and taking the fifth component to the sixth component as a second component, obtaining a seventh component of the second corresponding relation, wherein the seventh component has the smell in the second component, and correcting the third corresponding relation.
6. The in-vehicle odor tracing method according to claim 5, wherein obtaining the first correspondence relationship after a fourth component having the odor within the first component section further comprises:
in the second correspondence, two components that are the same as or similar to the second component and the third component are respectively obtained as similar component intervals, and an eighth component having the odor in the similar component intervals is obtained; the similar components are different chemical substances with the same molecular formula and belonging to the same substance class;
and correcting the third corresponding relation according to the eighth component.
7. The in-vehicle odor tracing method according to claim 1, wherein the qualitative and quantitative detection by GC x GC-TOF specifically comprises:
and the gas sample enters a first gas chromatograph for separation, each separated component is re-injected into a second gas chromatograph for re-separation, and each re-separated component enters TOF for qualitative and quantitative detection.
8. The in-vehicle smell tracing method according to claim 1, wherein said qualitative and quantitative determination by GC-O/MS while using the smell nose to determine the smell and the smell intensity of the gas sample, specifically comprises:
the gas sample enters a gas chromatograph for separation, each separated component is divided into two paths, one path enters a mass spectrometer for qualitative and quantitative detection, the other path enters a sniffing port, the taste and the odor intensity of each component are determined through an odor nose, meanwhile, manual knob electronic signal recording is carried out, and the recorded result is processed by a computer to form a spectrogram or corresponding information data.
9. The in-vehicle odor tracing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sample to be tested comprises a whole vehicle, parts split by the whole vehicle and materials split by the parts.
10. The in-vehicle odor tracing method according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treating the sample to be tested in the environmental container specifically comprises:
setting the air flow rate, the temperature and the humidity in the environment container, and placing the sample to be tested in the environment container for a preset time.
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