CN112284898A - Stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device - Google Patents
Stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112284898A CN112284898A CN202011109829.7A CN202011109829A CN112284898A CN 112284898 A CN112284898 A CN 112284898A CN 202011109829 A CN202011109829 A CN 202011109829A CN 112284898 A CN112284898 A CN 112284898A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
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- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 48
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- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/024—Corrosive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
The invention discloses a stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device, which comprises an environment box (13), wherein the environment box (13) comprises an environment box main body (14), the left side and the right side of the environment box main body (14) are symmetrically provided with a sealed box body (15), the inside of the sealed box body (15) is hollow, the left side and the right side of the sealed box body (15) are both provided with through holes for penetrating through a sample (12), the left side and the right side of the inside of the sealed box body (15) are both provided with annular rubber rings (16) in an interference manner, a plurality of magnetic balls (17) are filled between the two rubber rings (16), and magnetorheological fluid (18) is filled between all the magnetic balls (17). The invention can realize dynamic sealing, can truly simulate and observe the stress corrosion process of the material in situ, has replaceable chemical medium, observable corrosion process and controllable loading load in the experimental process, and is suitable for simulating and observing the stress corrosion behavior of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device, which is suitable for simulating and in-situ observing the stress corrosion behavior of a material and belongs to the technical field of material testing.
Background
Stress corrosion is a behavior of a material which enables the mechanical property of the material to be reduced under the dual actions of stress and a corrosion environment, and is a technical problem which is generally concerned by workers in the fields of ocean engineering, biological instruments and the like. Simulating and observing the stress corrosion behavior of the material in situ is the key for evaluating the relevant physical and mechanical properties of the material.
At present, a slow strain tensile stress corrosion tester is more applied, and a clamp and a sample are usually placed in an environment box together in the experimental process, so that the clamp needs to be additionally processed to avoid galvanic corrosion. The patent publication CN101825537A proposes a stress corrosion testing apparatus, which adopts a horizontal structure and can reduce the influence of the gravity of the equipment components during loading, however, the apparatus and the conventional slow strain tensile stress corrosion testing machine have the following disadvantages: (1) in the loading process, one end of the sample is fixed, and the other end of the sample is gradually loaded to stretch the sample, so that the observation field moves, and the corrosion change process of a certain specific area is difficult to observe in situ; (2) the environment box mainly adopts traditional packing seal or mechanical seal, and when the load that bears was dynamic load, sealed effect was relatively poor, and the corrosive medium takes place to leak easily.
Therefore, a stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device is needed to be designed, which can satisfy the simulation of stress corrosion under static and dynamic load conditions and realize in-situ observation of the corrosion process of a specific area so as to scientifically evaluate and observe the corrosion process of a material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the invention provides a stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device, which can truly simulate and in-situ observe the stress corrosion process of a material, has replaceable chemical medium, observable corrosion process and controllable loading load in the experimental process, and is suitable for simulating and observing the stress corrosion behavior of the material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device comprises an environment box, wherein a sample transversely penetrates through the middle of the environment box, two ends of the sample are positioned on the outer side of the environment box, and two ends of the sample are connected with a load unit through a clamp;
the environment box comprises an environment box main body, wherein sealing box bodies are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the environment box main body, the inside of each sealing box body is hollow, through holes for penetrating through the samples are formed in the left side and the right side of each sealing box body, annular rubber rings are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inside of each sealing box body in an interference mode, a plurality of magnetic balls are filled between the two rubber rings, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between all the magnetic balls; an observation window is arranged on the environment box main body.
The surface of the magnetic ball is coated with a composite coating, the inner layer of the composite coating is a piezoelectric ceramic coating, and the outer layer of the composite coating is an insulating polymer layer.
The piezoelectric ceramic coating comprises a barium titanate piezoelectric coating or a barium strontium meta-niobate piezoelectric coating; the insulating polymer layer includes an epoxy resin coating or a polyethylene coating.
The rubber ring is a Y-shaped rubber ring; y type rubber circle includes annular rubber circle main part, the upper surface and the lower surface symmetry of rubber circle main part are provided with the circular arc of indent, a side of rubber circle main part is provided with V type recess, the opening degree of depth of V type recess with the center of circular arc is on same vertical line, the angle of V type recess is 20 ~ 50, the central angle of circular arc is 60 ~ 90.
The inner diameter of the end of the Y-shaped rubber ring is 0-0.3 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the sample, and the gap between the magnetic ball and the sample is 0-0.3 mm.
The working pressure in the environment box is 0-1 MPa, and the working temperature range is 0-90 ℃.
Threaded holes are symmetrically formed in the left side and the right side of the environment box main body, and the sealed box body is connected with the threaded holes in an inner thread mode.
The load unit comprises a stress sensor connected with the clamp on one side, the outer side of the stress sensor and the outer side of the clamp on the other side are respectively connected onto a nut seat, two left-handed and right-handed screw rods respectively penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the nut seat through bearings, one ends of the two left-handed and right-handed screw rods are movably connected onto a screw rod supporting seat, the other ends of the two left-handed and right-handed screw rods are respectively connected with a turbine, the turbine is vertically meshed with a gear on a worm, the worm is fixed on the bearing supporting seat, a first gear is sleeved on the worm, and the first gear is meshed with a second gear on a motor; and a transmission seat is connected between the left-handed screw rod and the right-handed screw rod through a bearing.
The stress sensor and the motor are both connected with a controller; the stress sensor, the motor and the controller are all powered by a power supply.
The outer wall of the sealing box body is provided with a hole for injecting the magnetorheological fluid; and a channel for injecting corrosive liquid is arranged on the environment box main body.
The rubber ring is made of a composite material, a matrix of the composite material is one or more of fluororubber, nitrile rubber, chlorine rubber and silicon rubber, and a reinforcement of the composite material is one or more of magnesium oxide or aluminum oxide modified by compounding magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride;
the method for the surface composite modification of the nano magnesium oxide or the nano aluminum oxide comprises the following steps:
1) mixing magnesium stearate with nano magnesium oxide or nano aluminum oxide which is 8-13 times of the weight of the magnesium stearate, adding the mixture into a beaker, and pouring a proper amount of ethyl acetate to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the magnesium stearate to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5-1: 20 g/L;
2) placing the mixed solution obtained in the step 1) in a magnetic stirrer at 50-90 ℃ for stirring for 1-4 h, then adding 0.5-10 g/L of maleic anhydride, stirring for 1-4 h, and then heating to 90-100 ℃ to volatilize ethyl acetate;
3) after ethyl acetate volatilizes, carrying out suction filtration and vacuum drying to obtain nano magnesium oxide or nano aluminum oxide particles with the surface being compositely modified;
the content of the reinforcement in the matrix is 5-10%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the environmental box disclosed by the invention has an excellent sealing effect and is suitable for a dynamic load environment. The environment case can effectively seal corrosive media through the dynamic seal of rubber circle mechanical seal cooperation magnetic current body, chooses the rubber circle of compound material for use, can effectively promote the ageing resistance performance of rubber circle on not reducing rubber circle elasticity basis. In addition, the Y-shaped rubber ring prevents leakage of most chemical media (namely corrosive liquid) on one hand, and can also prevent magnetorheological fluid from leaking into internal media and external environment under the action of dynamic load, and on the other hand, the magnetic ball can play a role in fixing the rubber ring, so that the rubber ring is prevented from moving, a magnetic field can be continuously provided to realize magnetic fluid sealing, and leakage of the chemical media is further inhibited. Meanwhile, different from the traditional magnetic fluid sealing technology which can only be used under vacuum conditions, each magnetic ball of the invention can be a sealing unit, and the magnetic balls can play a coupling role, so that the labyrinth sealing effect is realized, therefore, the sealing effect is excellent, and the invention is suitable for high-pressure conditions.
2) The invention is suitable for testing metal samples and avoids galvanic corrosion. The clamping end of the sample in the device is positioned outside the chemical medium and is not in contact with the chemical medium, so that galvanic corrosion can be effectively avoided, and the clamp is suitable for testing the metal sample without additional treatment.
3) The invention can realize in-situ observation of the corrosion process. Different from the traditional slow strain tensile stress corrosion testing machine, the device uses a left-right rotating screw rod, and two ends of a sample in the loading process move relatively, so that in-situ observation of the corrosion process of a specific area can be realized.
4) The invention has good magnetic stability. In the invention, when a sample is under the action of load, the piezoelectric ceramic in the composite coating on the surface of the magnetic ball generates current under the action of force and can continuously magnetize the magnetic ball, so that the magnetic ball keeps stable magnetic performance. In addition, the surface of the magnetic ball is coated with the composite coating, the inner layer is a piezoelectric ceramic coating, and the outer layer is an insulating polymer layer, so that the magnetic stability is kept on one hand, and possible galvanic corrosion between the magnetic ball and a sample is avoided on the other hand.
5) Before the sample clamp is used, the magnetic field is applied through the external magnetic field, and the magnetic balls are regularly arranged on the inner wall of the sealing unit after the magnetic field is applied, so that the sample can conveniently penetrate through the high-temperature environment box and the sealing unit can conveniently clamp the sample.
6) The device realizes dynamic sealing through rubber sealing and magnetofluid technology, can truly simulate and observe the stress corrosion process of the material in situ, has replaceable chemical medium, observable corrosion process and controllable loading load in the experimental process, and is suitable for simulating and observing the stress corrosion behavior of the material. The experimental device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple and convenient operation and complete functions, and can obtain scientific and real experimental results.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the environmental chamber of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-motor, 2-gear II, 3-worm, 4-bearing support seat, 5-turbine, 6-transmission seat, 7-left-right-handed screw rod, 8-nut seat, 9-stress sensor, 10-clamp, 11-screw rod support seat, 12-sample, 13-environmental box, 14-environmental box main body, 15-sealing box body, 16-rubber ring, 17-magnetic ball, 18-magnetorheological fluid and 19-observation window.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device includes a motor 1, a second gear 2, a worm 3, a bearing support seat 4, a turbine 5, a transmission seat 6, a left-right screw rod 7, a nut seat 8, a stress sensor 9, a clamp 10, a screw rod support seat 11, a sample 12 and an environment box 13. The worm 3 is connected with the bearing support seat 4 through a bearing, and the worm 3 is meshed with the worm wheel 5 to form a speed reducing mechanism; the left-right rotating screw rod 7 is connected with the transmission seat 6 and the screw rod supporting seat 11 through bearings; the left clamp 10 is connected with the left nut seat 8 through a stress sensor 9; the motor 1 is used for controlling the stress and the frequency; the environmental chamber 13 is used for placing corrosive media.
As shown in fig. 2, the environmental chamber 13 is composed of an environmental chamber main body 14, a sealed chamber body 15, a rubber ring 16, a magnetic ball 17, magnetorheological fluid 18, and an observation window 19.
The environment box 13 comprises an environment box main body 14 and sealed box bodies 15 positioned at the left side and the right side of the environment box main body 14, and the sealed box bodies 15 are connected with the environment box main body 14 through threads; each sealed box body 15 is internally provided with two rubber rings 16 which are symmetrically arranged at two sides, magnetic balls 17 which are tightly arranged around the sample are arranged between the rubber rings, and magnetorheological fluid 18 is filled between the magnetic balls; the upper surface of the environmental chamber 13 is provided with an observation window 19 made of quartz.
Specifically, the structure of the stress corrosion simulation and in-situ observation device provided by this embodiment is: a sample 12 transversely penetrates through the middle of the environment box 13, two ends of the sample 12 are positioned at the outer side of the environment box 13, and two ends of the sample 12 are connected with the load unit through a clamp 10;
the environment box 13 comprises an environment box main body 14, the left side and the right side of the environment box main body 14 are symmetrically provided with a sealed box body 15, the inside of the sealed box body 15 is hollow, the left side and the right side of the sealed box body 15 are both provided with through holes for penetrating through the sample 12, the left side and the right side of the inside of the sealed box body 15 are both provided with annular rubber rings 16 in an interference manner, a plurality of magnetic balls 17 are filled between the two rubber rings 16, and magnetorheological fluid 18 is filled between all the magnetic balls 17; the environmental chamber body 14 is provided with an observation window 19.
The surface of the magnetic ball 17 is coated with a composite coating, the inner layer of the composite coating is a piezoelectric ceramic coating, and the outer layer of the composite coating is an insulating polymer layer.
The rubber ring 16 is a Y-shaped rubber ring; y type rubber circle includes annular rubber circle main part, the upper surface and the lower surface symmetry of rubber circle main part are provided with the circular arc of indent, a side of rubber circle main part is provided with V type recess, the opening degree of depth of V type recess with the center of circular arc is on same vertical line, the angle of V type recess is 20 ~ 50, the central angle of circular arc is 60 ~ 90.
The inner diameter of the end of the Y-shaped rubber ring is 0-0.3 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the sample 12.
Threaded holes are symmetrically formed in the left side and the right side of the environment box main body 14, and the sealed box body 15 is connected to the threaded holes in an inner threaded mode.
The load unit comprises a stress sensor 9 connected with the clamp 10 on one side, the outer side of the stress sensor 9 and the outer side of the clamp 10 on the other side are respectively connected with a nut seat 8, two left-handed and right-handed screw rods 7 respectively penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the nut seat 8 through bearings, one ends of the two left-handed and right-handed screw rods 7 are movably connected to a screw rod supporting seat 11, the other ends of the two left-handed and right-handed screw rods 7 are respectively connected with a turbine 5, the turbine 5 is vertically meshed with a gear on a worm 3, the worm 3 is fixed on a bearing supporting seat 4, a first gear is sleeved on the worm 3, and the first gear is meshed with a second gear 2 on a motor 1; and a transmission seat 6 is connected between the left and right screw rods 7 through a bearing.
The stress sensor 9 and the motor 1 are both connected with a controller; the stress sensor 9, the motor 1 and the controller are all powered by a power supply.
The outer wall of the sealing box body 15 is provided with a hole for injecting the magnetorheological fluid 18; the environmental chamber body 14 is provided with a passage for injecting corrosive liquid.
The rubber ring 16 is made of a composite material, a matrix of the composite material is fluororubber, and a reinforcement of the composite material is one or more of magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride compound modified nano magnesium oxide or nano aluminum oxide;
in this embodiment, an AZ31B bar is selected as a sample 12, the length of the sample is 120mm, the diameter of the sample is 4mm, a chemical medium is filled in an environment box 13 and is a simulated body fluid, the maximum working pressure in the environment box 13 is 0.1MPa, the temperature is 37 ℃, an environment box main body 14 and a sealing box body 15 of the environment box 13 are made of organic glass, the surface of a magnetic ball 17 is coated with a composite coating, the inner layer of the magnetic ball is a barium titanate piezoelectric coating, the outer layer of the magnetic ball is an epoxy resin coating, the inner diameter of a selected Y-shaped rubber ring 16 is 4.02mm, the material is nanometer magnesium oxide reinforced fluororubber, the surface of the nanometer magnesium oxide is compositely modified by magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride, and the surface composite: firstly, mixing magnesium stearate and nano magnesium oxide which is 8 times of the magnesium stearate, adding the mixture into a beaker, and pouring a proper amount of ethyl acetate to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the magnesium stearate to the ethyl acetate is 1:5 g/L; placing the mixed solution in a 50 ℃ magnetic stirrer, stirring for 2h, adding 0.5g/L maleic anhydride, stirring for 2h, and heating to 95 ℃ to volatilize ethyl acetate; and after ethyl acetate volatilizes, carrying out suction filtration and vacuum drying to obtain magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride compound modified nano magnesium oxide particles, wherein the content of the reinforcement in the matrix is 5%. The gap between the magnetic ball 17 and the sample 12 is 0.01mm, the stress corrosion experiment of the magnesium alloy implant device under the real human body corrosion environment and temperature can be carried out by controlling the motor 1 to rotate, and the corrosion process can be observed through the glass window 19 by using an optical microscope.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 only in that: the method is characterized in that an HRB345 bar is selected as a sample 12, the length of the sample is 100mm, the diameter of the sample is 3mm, a chemical medium filled in an environment box 13 is seawater, the maximum working pressure in the environment box 13 is 0.8MPa, the temperature is 5 ℃, an environment box body 14 and a sealing box body 15 of the environment box 13 are made of organic glass, the surface of a magnetic ball 17 is coated with a composite coating, the inner layer of the magnetic ball is a strontium barium meta-niobate piezoelectric coating, the outer layer of the magnetic ball is a polyethylene coating, the inner diameter of a selected Y-shaped rubber ring 16 is 3.28mm, the material is nano-alumina reinforced silicon rubber, the surface of the nano-alumina is compositely modified by magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride, and the: firstly, mixing magnesium stearate and nano-alumina which is 13 times of the amount of the magnesium stearate, adding the mixture into a beaker, and pouring a proper amount of ethyl acetate to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the magnesium stearate to the ethyl acetate is 1:20 g/L; placing the mixed solution in a 50 ℃ magnetic stirrer, stirring for 4h, adding 10g/L maleic anhydride, stirring for 1h, and then heating to 90 ℃ to volatilize ethyl acetate; and after ethyl acetate volatilizes, carrying out suction filtration and vacuum drying to obtain magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride composite modified nano aluminum oxide particles, wherein the content of the reinforcement in the matrix is 10%. The gap between the magnetic ball 17 and the sample is 0.28mm, the stress corrosion of the structural steel in the seawater environment can be simulated by controlling the rotation of the motor 1, and the corrosion process can be observed through the glass window 19 by using a metallographic microscope.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 only in that: the selected X65 pipeline steel bar isSample 12, 80mm in length and 3mm in diameter, contained a corrosive medium containing SO inside environmental chamber 132The working pressure in the environment box 13 is 0.5MPa, the temperature is 80 ℃, the environment box main body 14 and the sealing box body 15 of the environment box 13 are made of organic glass, the surface of the magnetic ball 17 is coated with a composite coating, wherein the inner layer is a strontium barium meta-niobate piezoelectric coating, the outer layer is an epoxy resin coating, the inner diameter of the selected Y-shaped rubber ring 16 is 3.1mm, the Y-shaped rubber ring in the sealing box body 15 is respectively made of butadiene acrylonitrile rubber and chlorine rubber which are compositely enhanced by nano magnesium oxide and nano aluminum oxide, the surfaces of the nano magnesium oxide and the aluminum oxide are compositely modified by magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride, and the modification process is as follows: firstly, mixing magnesium stearate and nano aluminum oxide or nano magnesium oxide and adding the mixture into a beaker, wherein the weight ratio of the nano aluminum oxide or the nano magnesium oxide is 1:1, the adding amount of the nano aluminum oxide is 4 times of the weight of the magnesium stearate, and pouring a proper amount of ethyl acetate to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the magnesium stearate to the ethyl acetate is 1:10 g/L; placing the mixed solution in a magnetic stirrer at 90 ℃ and stirring for 1h, then adding 5g/L maleic anhydride and stirring for 4h, and then heating to 100 ℃ to volatilize ethyl acetate; and after ethyl acetate volatilizes, carrying out suction filtration and vacuum drying to obtain magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride compound modified nano-alumina or nano-magnesia particles, wherein the content of the reinforcement in the matrix is 8%. The gap between the magnetic ball 17 and the sample is 0.1mm, the stress corrosion of the pipeline steel in the acid mist environment can be simulated by controlling the motor 1 to rotate, and the corrosion process can be observed through the quartz glass window 19 by using an electron microscope.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a stress corrosion simulation and normal position viewing device which characterized in that: the device comprises an environment box (13), wherein a sample (12) transversely penetrates through the middle of the environment box (13), two ends of the sample (12) are positioned on the outer side of the environment box (13), and two ends of the sample (12) are connected with a load unit through a clamp (10);
the environment box (13) comprises an environment box main body (14), sealing box bodies (15) are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the environment box main body (14), the inside of each sealing box body (15) is hollow, through holes for penetrating through the samples (12) are formed in the left side and the right side of each sealing box body (15), annular rubber rings (16) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inside of each sealing box body (15) in an interference mode, a plurality of magnetic balls (17) are filled between the two rubber rings (16), and magnetorheological fluid (18) is filled between all the magnetic balls (17); an observation window (19) is arranged on the environment box main body (14).
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the surface of the magnetic ball (17) is coated with a composite coating, the inner layer of the composite coating is a piezoelectric ceramic coating, and the outer layer of the composite coating is an insulating polymer layer.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the piezoelectric ceramic coating comprises a barium titanate piezoelectric coating or a barium strontium meta-niobate piezoelectric coating; the insulating polymer layer includes an epoxy resin coating or a polyethylene coating.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the rubber ring (16) is a Y-shaped rubber ring; y type rubber circle includes annular rubber circle main part, the upper surface and the lower surface symmetry of rubber circle main part are provided with the circular arc of indent, a side of rubber circle main part is provided with V type recess, the opening degree of depth of V type recess with the center of circular arc is on same vertical line, the angle of V type recess is 20 ~ 50, the central angle of circular arc is 60 ~ 90.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus comprises: the inner diameter of the end of the Y-shaped rubber ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the sample (12) by 0-0.3 mm, and the gap between the magnetic ball (17) and the sample (12) is 0-0.3 mm.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: threaded holes are symmetrically formed in the left side and the right side of the environment box main body (14), and the sealed box body (15) is connected to the threaded holes in an inner threaded mode.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the load unit comprises a stress sensor (9) connected with the clamp (10) on one side, the outer side of the stress sensor (9) and the outer side of the clamp (10) on the other side are respectively connected onto a nut seat (8), two left and right screw rods (7) respectively penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the nut seat (8) through bearings, one ends of the two left and right screw rods (7) are movably connected onto a screw rod supporting seat (11), the other ends of the two left and right screw rods (7) are respectively connected with a turbine (5), the turbine (5) is vertically meshed with a gear on a worm (3), the worm (3) is fixed onto a bearing supporting seat (4), a first gear is sleeved on the worm (3), and the first gear is meshed with a second gear (2) on a motor (1); a transmission seat (6) is connected between the left and right screw rods (7) through a bearing.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus comprises: the stress sensor (9) and the motor (1) are both connected with a controller; the stress sensor (9), the motor (1) and the controller are all powered by a power supply.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the outer wall of the sealing box body (15) is provided with a hole for injecting the magnetorheological fluid (18); the environment box main body (14) is provided with a channel for injecting corrosive liquid.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the rubber ring (16) is made of a composite material, a matrix of the composite material is one or more of fluororubber, nitrile rubber, chlorine rubber and silicon rubber, and a reinforcement of the composite material is one or more of magnesium oxide or aluminum oxide modified by compounding magnesium stearate and maleic anhydride;
the method for the surface composite modification of the nano magnesium oxide or the nano aluminum oxide comprises the following steps:
1) mixing magnesium stearate with nano magnesium oxide or nano aluminum oxide which is 8-13 times of the weight of the magnesium stearate, adding the mixture into a beaker, and pouring a proper amount of ethyl acetate to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the magnesium stearate to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5-1: 20 g/L;
2) placing the mixed solution obtained in the step 1) in a magnetic stirrer at 50-90 ℃ for stirring for 1-4 h, then adding 0.5-10 g/L of maleic anhydride, stirring for 1-4 h, and then heating to 90-100 ℃ to volatilize ethyl acetate;
3) after ethyl acetate volatilizes, carrying out suction filtration and vacuum drying to obtain nano magnesium oxide or nano aluminum oxide particles with the surface being compositely modified;
the content of the reinforcement in the matrix is 5-10%.
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