CN112284546B - Tail nozzle temperature field visualization device based on binocular vision and identification method thereof - Google Patents
Tail nozzle temperature field visualization device based on binocular vision and identification method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0014—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation from gases, flames
- G01J5/0018—Flames, plasma or welding
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aero-engine tests, and relates to a binocular vision-based jet nozzle temperature field visualization device and a recognition method thereof. The device comprises: the device comprises a cooling probe, a top black background plate and a processor which stores a temperature field measurement and tail nozzle identification post-processing program; wherein, the cooling probe is positioned at the lower position of the central axis of the tail nozzle of the engine; a binocular camera is arranged in the cooling probe; the binocular camera has a top view along the axial direction of the cooling probe and a side view along the radial direction of the cooling probe; the top black background plate is positioned in the top visual angle; the engine tail nozzle is positioned in a side view; and the binocular camera of the cooling probe sends the shot image to the processor so as to process the image according to a processing program stored in the binocular camera, and the temperature field of the combustion chamber is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aero-engine tests, and relates to a binocular vision-based jet nozzle temperature field visualization device and a recognition method thereof.
Background
Along with the increase of the thrust of the engine, the working environment of the combustion chamber is more and more severe, the working temperature is more and more high, and how to monitor the temperature field of the combustion chamber accurately in real time under the condition of less influence on the flow field of the combustion chamber is crucial to research the combustion condition of the engine, improve the performance of the engine and ensure the safety of the test.
The traditional thermocouple method can only measure the temperature of a limited point, and when the number of measuring points is large, the thermocouple rake can generate large interference on a flow field. A machine vision temperature field measurement method is a key technology and development direction for temperature field visualization. The Charge Coupled Device (CCD) camera based invasive visual imaging scheme is developed rapidly in recent years, has a wide measurement range, quick response and small influence on a flow field, and is applied to the field of industrial furnace temperature detection. Compared with the industrial furnace environment, when the CCD camera is used for measuring the temperature field at the tail nozzle of the engine, the CCD camera is required to bear higher temperature and is also required to be polluted by combustion objects such as tail flame high-speed airflow impact and soot, and strong ambient light interference such as an engine shell, a test bed rack and light exists, and the ambient light can cause false signals of the temperature field.
In order to accurately measure the temperature field of the engine combustion chamber by adopting the CCD camera, image segmentation is required, ambient light is eliminated, and false signals are avoided. Common image segmentation methods include an image segmentation method based on gray information and an image segmentation method based on big data artificial intelligence. The segmentation method based on the gray scale can only process the graph with clear layer and obvious boundary, the boundary is fuzzy and the layer is complex during the indoor test of the engine, and the gray scale method cannot well segment the image of the tail flame of the engine; the image segmentation method based on artificial intelligence needs a large amount of data to train the recognition algorithm, has large calculation amount, and is not suitable for segmenting the engine tail flame image. The research on the image segmentation of the complex image layer of the tail nozzle of the similar engine is relatively less.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the method has the advantages of clear principle, accurate tail nozzle identification, wide temperature field measurement range and high precision, and can efficiently and accurately monitor the temperature fields of the combustion chamber and the tail flame of the engine.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a visual device of tail spout temperature field based on binocular vision, includes: the device comprises a cooling probe, a top black background plate and a processor which stores a temperature field measurement and tail nozzle identification post-processing program;
wherein, the cooling probe is positioned at the lower position of the central axis of the tail nozzle of the engine; a binocular camera is arranged in the cooling probe; the binocular camera has a top view along the axial direction of the cooling probe and a side view along the radial direction of the cooling probe; the top black background plate is positioned in the top visual angle; the engine tail nozzle is positioned in a side view angle; and the binocular camera of the cooling probe sends the shot image to the processor so as to process the image according to a processing program stored in the binocular camera, and the temperature field of the combustion chamber is obtained.
The binocular camera is used for respectively shooting the flame of the combustion chamber and the tail flame with the top black background plate as the background.
The lens of the binocular camera comprises a side-looking lens and a top lens; the cooling probe further comprises: the device comprises a side-view observation window, a top observation window, a camera bracket, a primary cooling probe and a secondary cooling probe;
the secondary cooling probe is of a two-layer structure, the outer layer serves as a secondary cooling water circulation passage, a binocular camera is fixed to the top of the inner layer through a camera support, and a camera lead of the binocular camera extends out of the bottom of the inner layer and is connected with the processor;
the secondary cooling probe is provided with a side-looking observation window and a top observation window at the position corresponding to the lens of the binocular camera; the observation window is sealed through the lens, and the binocular camera is isolated from the outside; the secondary cooling probe is embedded in the primary cooling probe to enhance heat exchange.
A purified gas passage communicated with the inner layer is arranged around the observation window; purified gas enters the inner layer through a purified gas inlet at the bottom of the inner layer and is blown to the lens through a purified gas passage to form a lens protective film.
The first-stage cooling probe and the second-stage cooling probe adopt two sets of independent cooling water circulation systems.
A binocular vision-based visualization and identification method for a jet nozzle temperature field comprises the following steps:
receiving a flame image of a combustion chamber and a tail flame image which takes a black background plate at the top as a background and are shot at the same time;
converting the tail flame image with the top black background plate as the background into a tail flame temperature field to obtain a temperature field temperature frequency distribution curve and obtain tail flame temperature distribution characteristics;
converting a flame image of the combustion chamber into a temperature field containing background light along the axis direction of the engine;
according to the temperature distribution characteristics of the tail flame, sample points which contain background light and are outside the temperature distribution range in the temperature along the axis direction of the engine are removed, then an isolated temperature sample point is removed by adopting a clustering method, and a temperature field which does not contain the background light in the combustion chamber is obtained.
The conversion temperature field adopts a colorimetric thermometry method.
The invention has the advantages that:
the structure is simple and compact, the influence on the flow field of the tail flame of the engine is small, and a camera can clearly image.
A binocular structure is adopted, and flame images along the axis of the engine and in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the engine are recorded simultaneously.
The binocular temperature field prior information is adopted for engine tail nozzle identification, the principle is clear, the calculated amount is small, the identification is accurate, and the temperature field measurement precision is high.
The effect is as follows:
this engine tail spout temperature field is visual and tail spout identification technique based on binocular vision, simple structure is compact, and the principle is clear effective, can high-efficient accurate discernment engine tail spout according to binocular measuring temperature field information, rejects mixed and disorderly ambient light, realizes combustion chamber temperature field discernment and measurement, and engineering realizability is strong, and the effect is obvious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a working principle diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-cooling the probe; 2-side view angle; 3-top view; 4-top black background plate; and 5, a processor.
Fig. 2 is a view of a binocular cooling probe.
Wherein, 1-1 side view observation window; 1-2 top observation windows; 1-3 camera side view lens; 1-4 camera top lens; 1-5 camera stands; 1-6 secondary cooling probes; 1-7 primary cooling probes; 1-8 primary cooling water inlets; 1-9 primary cooling water outlets; 1-10 secondary cooling water inlets; 1-11 secondary cooling water outlets; 1-12 purified gas inlet; 1-13 camera lead.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of binocular vision temperature field measurement of an engine.
Detailed Description
The invention provides the engine combustion chamber temperature field measuring method which is simple in structure, clear in principle and accurate in measurement. The problems that the existing temperature measuring points are limited and the influence on the flow field is large are solved, and the problem that the engine tail nozzle cannot be accurately segmented by the existing image segmentation technology is solved. The binocular vision scheme is adopted to carry out the measurement of the temperature field of the tail flame of the engine and the image recognition of the tail nozzle, so that the aim of measuring the temperature field of the combustion chamber of the engine in real time, efficiently and accurately is fulfilled.
The utility model provides a binocular CCD camera temperature field measurement cooling probe and temperature field aftertreatment and jet-tail recognition program, as shown in figure 1, includes cooling probe 1, side view observation visual angle 2, top observation visual angle 3, top black background board 4, stores temperature field measurement and jet-tail recognition aftertreatment program's treater 5. The binocular probe structure is shown in figure 2, a side-view lens 1-3 and a top lens 1-4 of the binocular camera can simultaneously observe flames in two directions 2 and 3, the camera is fixed in a second-stage cooling probe 1-6 through a support 1-5, two camera imaging passages 1-1 of a side-view observation window and 1-2 of a top observation window are reserved in the second-stage cooling probe, the second-stage cooling probe is embedded in a first-stage cooling probe 1-7 to enhance heat exchange, the first-stage cooling probe and the second-stage cooling probe adopt two independent cooling water circulating systems, 1-8 are first-stage cooling water inlets, 1-9 are first-stage cooling water outlets, 1-10 are second-stage cooling water inlets, 1-11 are second-stage cooling water outlets, 1-12 are purified gas inlets, and 1-13 are camera lead outlets.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when above-mentioned scheme carries out engine combustion chamber temperature field and measures, the engine starts the back, and the tail flame strikes the probe, and camera operating temperature is guaranteed to the inside cooling water route of cooling probe, and the clear formation of image of camera is guaranteed to the gas purification route, looks sideways at the camera record and follows engine axis direction flame image, and top camera record perpendicular to engine axis direction flame image, and top black background board guarantees that there is not the background light in the image of top camera shooting, and all are engine tail flame images. The image recorded by the binocular camera is converted into a real-time temperature field by adopting a colorimetric thermometry method, then the nozzle is divided according to the prior information of the temperature field and binocular measurement data, and the real temperature field is measured because the top camera does not have background light, so that the distribution condition of the temperature field in the direction of the vertical axis of the nozzle can be obtained. The engine exhaust nozzle image layer of side looking camera record is complicated, and the border is not obvious, hardly discerns the exhaust nozzle, nevertheless converts to the temperature field after, the tail flame temperature characteristic is obvious, and background light temperature characteristic is mixed and disorderly irregular, can carry out exhaust nozzle discernment in the temperature field with temperature field priori information. According to the temperature field distribution prior information obtained by the top camera, image segmentation is carried out on the temperature field of the side view camera, and tail nozzle identification is directly carried out in the temperature field, so that background light is directly eliminated in the temperature field efficiently and accurately, the problem of complex image segmentation is solved, the measurement precision of the CCD machine vision temperature field is improved, and the measurement of the combustion chamber temperature field is realized.
According to the scheme, the mature binocular CCD camera of the industrial endoscope is fully utilized, the binocular cooling probe is designed, the structure is compact, the diameter of the probe is small, the measuring information is large, the priori information of a temperature field is adopted, the advantage that the camera perpendicular to the axis direction of the engine does not have background light is utilized, the background light of the camera along the axis direction of the engine is eliminated, and the recognition of the tail nozzle of the engine and the measurement of the temperature field are achieved.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to fig. 3:
if fig. 3 is engine exhaust nozzle temperature field visualization and exhaust nozzle recognition technology flow chart based on binocular vision, this technique contains 1 cooling probe, inside contains cooling water passageway and purification gas passageway, the side and top are opened there is quartz glass observation window, 2 and 3 are binocular formation of image CCD integration camera observation visual angle, this camera side and top can form images simultaneously, 4 are top camera black background board, guarantee that top camera background is black, do not receive external environment light influence, 5 are temperature field measurement and exhaust nozzle recognition processor. The detailed process is as follows:
(1) The engine works, the CCD camera is started, and a flame image along the axial direction of the engine and a flame image vertical to the axial direction of the engine are recorded at the same time;
(2) Converting an RGB image which is obtained by a top camera and takes a black background plate as a background into a tail flame temperature field by adopting a colorimetric thermometry method to obtain a temperature frequency distribution curve of the temperature field and obtain the temperature distribution characteristic of the tail flame;
(3) Converting the RGB image obtained by the side camera into a tail flame temperature field by adopting a colorimetric thermometry method to obtain a temperature field containing background light along the axis direction of the engine;
(4) And (3) processing the tail flame temperature field image containing the background light false signal obtained in the step (3) according to the tail flame temperature distribution characteristics obtained in the step (2), eliminating sample points outside the temperature distribution range, eliminating isolated temperature sample points by adopting a clustering method, and further eliminating the influence of residual background light.
(5) And (4) extracting the temperature field boundary obtained in the step (4), performing boundary fitting by adopting a least square method, improving the fitting precision of the boundary, obtaining a tail nozzle boundary, deleting the sample points of the temperature field outside the boundary, obtaining the combustion chamber temperature field after background light is removed, and monitoring the combustion chamber temperature field.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a visual device of tail spout temperature field based on binocular vision which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a cooling probe, a top black background plate and a processor which stores a temperature field measurement and tail nozzle identification post-processing program;
wherein, the cooling probe is positioned at the lower position of the central axis of the tail nozzle of the engine; a binocular camera is arranged in the cooling probe; the binocular camera has a top view along the axial direction of the cooling probe and a side view along the radial direction of the cooling probe; the top black background plate is positioned in the top visual angle; the engine tail nozzle is positioned in a side view angle; the binocular camera of the cooling probe sends the shot image to the processor, so that the image can be processed according to a stored processing program, and a temperature field of the combustion chamber is obtained;
the working principle is as follows:
when the temperature field of the engine combustion chamber is measured, after the engine is started, the tail flame impacts the probe, a cooling water passage in the cooling probe ensures the working temperature of the camera, a purified gas passage ensures that the camera can clearly image, the side-looking camera records a flame image along the axis direction of the engine, the top camera records a flame image vertical to the axis direction of the engine, and the black background plate on the top ensures that the images shot by the top camera do not have background light and are all images of the tail flame of the engine; converting an image recorded by a binocular camera into a real-time temperature field by adopting a colorimetric thermometry method, and then carrying out tail nozzle segmentation according to prior information of the temperature field and binocular measurement data, wherein the real temperature field is measured due to the fact that background light does not exist in a top camera, and the distribution condition of the temperature field in the direction of the vertical axis of the tail nozzle is obtained; the image layer of the engine exhaust nozzle image recorded by the side-view camera is complex, the boundary is not obvious, the exhaust nozzle is difficult to identify, after the image layer is converted into a temperature field, the temperature characteristic of exhaust flame is obvious, the temperature characteristic of background light is disordered and irregular, and the exhaust nozzle is identified in the temperature field by using the prior information of the temperature field; according to the temperature field distribution prior information obtained by the top camera, image segmentation is carried out on the temperature field of the side view camera, and tail nozzle identification is directly carried out in the temperature field, so that background light is directly eliminated in the temperature field efficiently and accurately, the problem of complex image segmentation is solved, the measurement precision of the CCD machine vision temperature field is improved, and the measurement of the combustion chamber temperature field is realized.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the binocular camera is used to photograph the flame of the combustion chamber and the tail flame against a top black background plate, respectively.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lens of the binocular camera comprises a side view lens and a top view lens; the cooling probe further comprises: the device comprises a side-view observation window, a top observation window, a camera bracket, a primary cooling probe and a secondary cooling probe;
the secondary cooling probe is of a two-layer structure, the outer layer serves as a secondary cooling water circulation passage, a binocular camera is fixed to the top of the inner layer through a camera support, and a camera lead of the binocular camera extends out of the bottom of the inner layer and is connected with the processor;
the secondary cooling probe is provided with a side-looking observation window and a top observation window at the position corresponding to the lens of the binocular camera; the observation window is sealed through the lens, and the binocular camera is isolated from the outside; the secondary cooling probe is embedded in the primary cooling probe to enhance heat exchange.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the viewing window is surrounded by a purge gas channel communicating with the inner layer; purified gas enters the inner layer through a purified gas inlet at the bottom of the inner layer and is blown to the lens through a purified gas passage to form a lens protective film.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the primary and secondary cooling probes employ two separate cooling water circulation systems.
6. A binocular vision-based visual identification method for a jet nozzle temperature field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a flame image of a combustion chamber and a tail flame image taking a black background plate at the top as a background which are shot simultaneously;
converting the tail flame image with the top black background plate as the background into a tail flame temperature field to obtain a temperature field temperature frequency distribution curve and obtain tail flame temperature distribution characteristics;
converting a flame image of the combustion chamber into a temperature field containing background light along the axis direction of the engine;
according to the temperature distribution characteristics of the tail flame, sample points which contain background light and are outside the temperature distribution range in the temperature along the axis direction of the engine are removed, then an isolated temperature sample point is removed by adopting a clustering method, and a temperature field which does not contain the background light in the combustion chamber is obtained.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the conversion temperature field is measured using colorimetric thermometry.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 6-7.
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