CN112282648B

CN112282648B - Sidetracking device and sidetracking process

Info

Publication number: CN112282648B
Application number: CN201910682449.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘刚; 李金刚
Original assignee: ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-26
Filing date: 2019-07-26
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-26
Also published as: CN112282648A

Abstract

The invention provides a sidetracking device and a sidetracking process, wherein the device comprises: surface devices and subsurface devices; wherein, ground device includes: a millimeter wave source; the underground apparatus includes: a first waveguide, an orienter, and a drilling mechanism; the first waveguide tube is provided with a first channel, and the first channel is used for receiving millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave source; the director is sleeved outside the first waveguide tube; the drilling mechanism is communicated with the output end of the first channel and is used for receiving millimeter waves output by the first channel and drilling wells through the millimeter waves. The drilling mechanism can receive millimeter waves output by the first channel and drill well by utilizing the millimeter waves, meanwhile, the first waveguide tube is sleeved with the director, and under the traction of the director, the first waveguide tube can perform preset steering, so that the millimeter waves are guided to steer, the drilling direction is changed, the sidetracking process can be conveniently performed, the drilling efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the equipment movement amount can be reduced.

Description

Sidetracking device and sidetracking process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sidetracking, in particular to a sidetracking device and a sidetracking process.

Background

Sidetracking is the entire process of windowing one side of a casing that has drilled a predetermined section of the well, drilling a new wellbore through the window, and then running a liner in the new wellbore to fix the well. Sidetracking may be divided into: whipstock sidetracking, free sidetracking, directional sidetracking, non-directional sidetracking, and the like. Conventionally, a sidetrack technique is a whole set of technique that a whipstock is fixed at a specific depth of a well, a new borehole is drilled from a window by using tools such as milling cone, drill bit and the like to open the window on the side surface of a casing by utilizing the functions of whipstock and whipstock guiding of the whipstock, and then a liner is fixed. The conventional sidetrack construction mainly comprises: the procedures of preparing a borehole before sidetrack drilling, fixing a whipstock, windowing a casing, drilling with naked eyes, well cementation with a lower tail pipe and the like can be seen that the conventional sidetrack drilling process equipment has large moving amount, complex operation process, high cost and slow speed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a sidetracking device and a sidetracking process, which aim to solve the problems of low efficiency and large equipment movement in the conventional sidetracking process at present.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a sidetracking apparatus comprising: surface devices and subsurface devices; wherein, ground device includes: a millimeter wave source; the underground apparatus includes: a first waveguide, an orienter, and a drilling mechanism; the first waveguide tube is provided with a first channel, and the first channel is used for receiving millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave source; the director is sleeved outside the first waveguide tube; the drilling mechanism is communicated with the output end of the first channel and is used for receiving millimeter waves output by the first channel and drilling wells through the millimeter waves.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the ground apparatus further includes: the first waveguide tube is provided with a first channel, the first channel is sleeved outside the first channel, and the first channel is used for receiving gas provided by the first waveguide tube; the drilling mechanism is also in communication with the second passage to receive and inject the gas.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the ground apparatus further includes: tee pipe, the tee pipe includes: the first pipe body, the second pipe body and the third pipe body; the first pipe body is communicated with the receiving end of the first channel so as to receive millimeter waves and enable the millimeter waves to enter the first channel; the second pipe body is sleeved outside the first pipe body and forms an annular channel with the first pipe body, and the annular channel is communicated with the receiving end of the second channel; the annular channel is communicated with an air source through a third pipe body so as to receive the air and enable the air to sequentially enter the annular channel and the second channel.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the ground apparatus further includes: and the three-way pipe is communicated with the first waveguide pipe in a sealing way through the sealing device.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the ground apparatus further includes: the rock powder separating device is characterized in that one part of the first waveguide tube is positioned on the ground, the other part of the first waveguide tube is positioned underground, the sealing device is provided with a cover body, the cover body is covered outside the part of the first waveguide tube positioned on the ground and forms a closed space with the ground, the cover body is provided with a through hole, and the rock powder separating device is communicated with the closed space through the through hole.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the first waveguide includes: the inner space of the second pipe body is a first channel; the fourth pipe body is sleeved outside the third pipe body, and an annular space between the fourth pipe body and the third pipe body is a second channel.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus described above, the third pipe body and the fourth pipe body each have elasticity, and the inner walls of the three pipe bodies are coated with a metal coating.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the drilling mechanism includes: a drill bit, the drill bit comprising: a second waveguide and at least one nozzle; the second waveguide tube is provided with a third channel and a fourth channel, the fourth channel is sleeved outside the third channel, the receiving end of the third channel is communicated with the output end of the first channel so as to receive millimeter waves output by the first channel, and the receiving end of the fourth channel is communicated with the output end of the second channel so as to receive gas output by the second channel; each nozzle is in communication with the output end of the fourth channel and is curved toward the central axis of the fourth channel.

Further, in the sidetracking apparatus, the ground apparatus further includes: and the isolator is arranged at the receiving end of the first channel.

According to the invention, the sidetracking device is divided into a ground device and an underground device, the first waveguide tube of the underground device is provided with a first channel, the first channel can receive millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave source of the ground device, the drilling mechanism can receive the millimeter waves and drill by utilizing the millimeter waves, meanwhile, the first waveguide tube is sleeved with the director, the flexible first waveguide tube can be preset to turn under the traction of the director, and then the millimeter waves are guided to turn, so that drilling processes in different directions are completed, namely, the sidetracking process can be conveniently carried out by combining the first waveguide tube with the director in the millimeter wave energy drilling technology, the drilling direction is changed, the drilling efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional drilling process, the sidetracking device provided by the embodiment can reduce the equipment movement amount and the drilling cost.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a sidetracking process, the process comprising the steps of: the millimeter wave source transmits millimeter waves into the first channel, and the drilling mechanism receives the millimeter waves and drills a vertical well section through the millimeter waves; when the vertical well section is drilled to a first preset depth, the director pulls the first waveguide tube to turn to a preset direction so as to perform sidetrack drilling.

According to the invention, millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave source enter the drilling mechanism through the first channel of the first waveguide tube, the drilling mechanism is used for drilling by utilizing the millimeter waves, meanwhile, the first waveguide tube is sleeved with the director, the flexible first waveguide tube can be subjected to preset steering under the traction of the director, and then the millimeter waves are guided to steer, so that drilling processes in different directions are completed, namely, the first waveguide tube and the director are combined in millimeter wave energy drilling technology, the drilling direction is changed, the sidetracking process can be conveniently carried out, the drilling efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional drilling process, the sidetracking device provided by the embodiment can reduce the equipment movement amount and the drilling cost.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sidetracking apparatus for drilling a vertical well section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sidetracking device for directional sidetracking according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sidetracking apparatus for directional sidetracking according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first waveguide in the sidetracking apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic view of section A-A ofbase:Sub>A first waveguide in an embodiment of the sidetrack apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling mechanism in the sidetracking apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a section B-B of a drilling mechanism in a sidetracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a sidetracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of a sidetracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

Device example:

referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a preferred structure of the sidetracking apparatus provided in the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises two parts, namely a surface device and a subsurface device, wherein the surface device comprises: a millimeter wave source 1, in particular a millimeter wave generating device, for providing millimeter waves 5 required for the drilling process. The underground apparatus includes: the first waveguide 2, the director 3 and the drilling mechanism 4, the first waveguide 2 is a flexible tube, and the first waveguide 2 has a first channel 21, and the first channel 21 can receive the millimeter wave 5 emitted by the millimeter wave source 1. The drilling mechanism 4 is connected with the output end of the first channel 21, and can receive the millimeter wave 5 output by the first channel 21 and drill by utilizing the millimeter wave 5. The director 3 is sleeved outside the first waveguide tube 2, the director 3 is a stratum positioning device, any azimuth can be preset, and the flexible first waveguide tube 2 can be subjected to preset steering under the traction of the director 3, so that the millimeter waves 5 are guided to steer, and the drilling process in different directions is completed. The drilling specifically comprises drilling and directional sidetracking of a vertical well section, referring to fig. 1, firstly, drilling of the vertical well section is carried out, a millimeter wave source 1 conveys millimeter waves 5 into a first channel 21, a drilling mechanism 4 receives the millimeter waves 5 and transmits the millimeter waves 5 onto a stratum, and the temperature of the stratum rises to a melting point or even a gasification point rapidly after the millimeter waves 5 are absorbed by the stratum; referring to fig. 2 and 3 again, when the vertical well section is drilled to the first preset depth, directional sidetracking is performed, the sidetracking position can be any position of the vertical well, that is, the millimeter wave source 1 continues to convey the millimeter wave 5 to the first channel 21, the direction of the director 3 is positioned and selected according to the preset direction, the first waveguide 2 is turned under the traction of the director 3 and turned to the preset direction, and after turning is completed, drilling is continued to the second preset depth.

In this embodiment, the sidetracking device is divided into two parts of a ground device and an underground device, the first waveguide tube 2 of the underground device is provided with a first channel 21, the first channel 21 can receive the millimeter wave 5 emitted by the millimeter wave source 1 of the ground device, the drilling mechanism 4 can receive the millimeter wave 5 and drill by utilizing the millimeter wave 5, meanwhile, the director 3 is sleeved outside the first waveguide tube 2, and under the traction of the director 3, the flexible first waveguide tube 2 can perform preset steering, so that the millimeter wave 5 is guided to be steered, so as to complete drilling processes in different directions, namely, the sidetracking process can be conveniently performed by adopting the combination of the first waveguide tube 2 and the director 3 in millimeter wave energy drilling technology, the drilling direction is changed, the drilling efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional drilling process, the sidetracking device provided by the embodiment can reduce the equipment moving amount and the drilling cost.

With continued reference to fig. 1-3, the floor apparatus further includes: a gas source 6, in particular a device for providing a high pressure gas. The first waveguide 2 further has a second channel 22, the second channel 22 is coaxially disposed with the first channel 21, and the second channel 22 is located outside the first channel 21, where the second channel 22 can receive the high-pressure gas provided by the gas source 6, and at the same time, an output end of the second channel 22 is in communication with the drilling mechanism 4 to deliver the high-pressure gas into the drilling mechanism 4. The drilling mechanism 4 is used for spraying received high-pressure gas when drilling through the millimeter wave 5, and the high-pressure gas sweeps rock dust generated in the drilling process to the ground, so that the rock dust in a well is cleaned in time, the well is prevented from being blocked by the rock dust, meanwhile, the drilling speed can be guaranteed by cleaning the rock dust in time, and the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

To achieve that the first waveguide 2 receives millimeter waves 5 and high-pressure gas, the ground device further comprises: tee 7, tee 7 includes: a first pipe body (not shown in the figure), a second pipe body 71, and a third pipe body 72, wherein the upper end of the first pipe body is a receiving end, the lower end is an output end, and the output end of the first pipe body is communicated with the receiving end of the first channel 21, so that millimeter waves 5 can be received and the millimeter waves 5 can enter the first channel 21. The second pipe body 71 is sleeved on the outer side of the first pipe body and is coaxially arranged with the first pipe body, an annular channel is formed between the second pipe body 71 and the first pipe body, the upper end of the annular channel is a closed end, the lower end of the annular channel is an output end, and the output end of the annular channel is communicated with the receiving end of the second channel 22. The sidewall of the second tube 71 is provided with a first through hole, the third tube 72 is communicated with the annular channel through the first through hole, the third tube 72 receives the gas and conveys the gas to the annular channel, and then the gas reenters the second channel 22.

In order to ensure tightness of the connection between the tee 7 and the first waveguide 2, the ground device further comprises: and the sealing device 8 is used for sealing and communicating the tee 7 with the first waveguide tube 2 through the sealing device 8, so that the sealing and communicating between the first tube body and the first channel 21 and the sealing and communicating between the annular channel and the second channel 22 are ensured.

The first waveguide 2 is partly located ground, another part is located underground, sealing device 8 has a cover 81, sealing device 8 is when sealed first waveguide 2 and three-way pipe 7 intercommunication department, the outside that first waveguide 2 is located ground is located to the cover 81 cover to form airtight space 10 with ground, thereby prevent the rock dust that produces in the drilling process and get into the atmosphere and pollute the environment, simultaneously, ground device still includes rock dust separator 9, the second through-hole 82 has been seted up to cover 81, rock dust separator 9 is linked together with this airtight space 10 through second through-hole 82, in this way, the gas that has rock dust that is swept to ground by high pressure gas can get into rock dust separator 9 and separate, in order to reach the purpose of dust removal, still guaranteed the normal of well atmospheric pressure simultaneously.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first waveguide 2 includes: a third tube 23 and a fourth tube 24. The inner space of the third pipe body 23 is the first channel 21, and the fourth pipe body 24 is sleeved outside the third pipe body 23 and coaxially arranged with the third pipe body 23, so that an annular space is formed between the fourth pipe body 24 and the third pipe body 23, and the annular space is the second channel 22. The third tube body 23 and the fourth tube body 24 are each made of an elastically deformable material, that is, the third tube body 23 and the fourth tube body 24 each have elasticity, thereby giving the first waveguide 2 flexibility. The inner wall of the third tube body 23 is coated with a metal coating 25 for transmitting the millimeter wave beam.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the drilling mechanism 4 includes: the drill 41, the drill 41 comprises a second waveguide 411 and at least one nozzle 412, wherein the second waveguide 411 has a third channel 4111 and a fourth channel 4112 coaxially arranged, and the fourth channel 4112 is located outside the third channel 4111. The receiving end of the third channel 4111 communicates with the output end of the first channel 21, thereby receiving the millimeter wave 5 output from the first channel 21. The receiving end of the fourth passage 4112 communicates with the output end of the second passage 22, thereby receiving the high-pressure gas output from the second passage 22. The output end of the fourth channel 4112 is closed by an annular connecting plate, the annular connecting plate is provided with ventilation holes the number of which is the same as that of the nozzles 412, and each nozzle 412 is communicated with each ventilation hole in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that each nozzle 412 is communicated with the fourth channel 4112. The nozzles 412 spray the received high pressure gas, and each nozzle 412 is bent toward the central axis of the fourth channel 4112, i.e. each nozzle 412 has a shape that one side close to the central axis of the fourth channel 4112 is concave and one side far from the central axis of the fourth channel 4112 is convex, so that the high pressure gas is collected and sprayed on the concave surface. In particular, the second waveguide 411 includes: the fifth pipe 4113 and the sixth pipe 4114, the inner space of the fifth pipe 4113 is the third channel 4111, the sixth pipe 4114 is sleeved outside the fifth pipe 4113 and is coaxially arranged with the fifth pipe 4113, thus, an annular space is formed between the sixth pipe 4114 and the fifth pipe 4113, the annular space is the fourth channel 4112, the fifth pipe 4113 is made of metal material, and the sixth pipe 4114 is made of high temperature resistant material; the number of the nozzles 412 is n, and the nozzles are uniformly distributed on the annular connecting plate, and mainly play a role in jetting high-pressure gas so as to purge dust generated in the drilling process, and the nozzles 412 are made of high-temperature resistant alloy.

Referring again to fig. 1-3, the floor apparatus further comprises: the isolator 11, the isolator 11 sets up in the receiving end of first passageway 21, and can transmit millimeter wave 5, and millimeter wave 5 that millimeter wave source 1 sent gets into first passageway 21 through isolator 11, and on the one hand, isolator 11 can carry out clutter separation to millimeter wave 5, on the other hand can keep apart first waveguide 2 and millimeter wave source 1 to protect millimeter wave source 1. When the tee pipe 7 is connected to the first waveguide pipe 2, the isolator 11 is disposed at the receiving end of the first pipe body.

In summary, in this embodiment, the sidetrack device is divided into two parts of a ground device and an underground device, the first waveguide tube 2 of the underground device is provided with a first channel 21, the first channel 21 can receive the millimeter wave 5 emitted by the millimeter wave source 1 of the ground device, the drilling mechanism 4 can receive the millimeter wave 5 and drill by utilizing the millimeter wave 5, meanwhile, the director 3 is sleeved outside the first waveguide tube 2, and under the traction of the director 3, the flexible first waveguide tube 2 can perform preset steering, so as to guide the millimeter wave 5 to steer, so as to complete drilling processes in different directions, namely, the millimeter wave energy drilling technology adopts the combination of the first waveguide tube 2 and the director 3, so that the drilling direction is changed, sidetrack process can be conveniently performed, the drilling efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional drilling process, the sidetrack device provided by this embodiment can reduce the equipment movement amount and the drilling cost. And, the first waveguide 2 has the second passageway 22, and the second passageway 22 can receive the high-pressure gas that air supply 6 provided, simultaneously, the output of second passageway 22 is linked together with bore and establish mechanism 4, in order to carry high-pressure gas to bore and establish mechanism 4, bore and establish mechanism 4 and to spout the high-pressure gas that receives when boring through millimeter wave 5, thereby sweep the rock dust that produces in the drilling process, namely millimeter wave energy beam and high-pressure gas combination carry out the well drilling, the purpose of timely handling the rock dust in the drilling process has been realized, avoid rock dust to block up the well, thereby guaranteed the drilling speed, well drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

Process examples:

referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a flowchart of a sidetrack process according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 8, the sidetracking process includes the steps of:

in step S810, the millimeter wave source 1 transmits the millimeter wave 5 into the first channel 21, and the drilling mechanism 4 receives the millimeter wave 5 and drills the vertical well section through the millimeter wave 5.

Specifically, the sidetracking device provided by the embodiment of the device is used for sidetracking, wherein the specific structure of the sidetracking device is just described in the above embodiment, and the description is omitted herein.

Referring to fig. 1, first, drilling of a vertical well section is performed, millimeter waves 5 generated by a millimeter wave source 1 sequentially pass through an isolator 11 and a first pipe body of a three-way pipe 7 and then enter a first channel 21 of a first waveguide pipe 2, meanwhile, high-pressure gas generated by a gas source 2 sequentially passes through a third pipe body 72 and a second pipe body 71 of the three-way pipe 7 and then enters a second channel 22 of the first waveguide pipe 2, the high-pressure gas is air, nitrogen, helium and the like, and the pressure is 10 MPa-50 MPa, preferably 30 MPa-40 MPa. Millimeter wave 5 is emitted onto the stratum through a third channel 4111 of the second waveguide 411, the temperature of the stratum rises rapidly to a melting point or even a gasification point after absorbing millimeter waves, high-pressure gas is sprayed out through a fourth channel 4112 of the second waveguide 411 and each nozzle 412, the stratum with weakened strength or gasified strength is conveyed into a rock powder separation device 9 at a wellhead through a drilling channel under the blowing of the high-pressure gas, and clean gas is discharged or recycled after rock powder is removed.

In step S820, when the vertical well section is drilled to the first preset depth, the director 3 pulls the first waveguide 2 to turn to the preset direction, so as to perform sidetrack.

Specifically, when the vertical well section advances to the first preset depth, a sidetracking process is performed, the millimeter wave source 1 continues to emit millimeter waves 5, and the gas source 2 continues to supply high-pressure gas. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the direction of the director 3 is selected according to the preset direction, the flexible first waveguide 2 is turned to the preset direction under the traction of the director 3, and drilling is continued to the preset depth after the turning is completed. The first waveguide 2 can be turned in any direction under the traction of the director 3, so that the sidetrack position can be any position of the vertical well section.

In this embodiment, millimeter waves 5 emitted by the millimeter wave source 1 enter the drilling mechanism 4 through the first channel 21 of the first waveguide 2, the drilling mechanism 4 drills a well by utilizing the millimeter waves 5, meanwhile, the first waveguide 2 is sleeved with the director 3, and under the traction of the director 3, the flexible first waveguide 2 can perform preset steering, so that the millimeter waves 5 are guided to steer, so as to complete drilling processes in different directions, namely, the millimeter wave energy drilling technology adopts the combination of the first waveguide 2 and the director 3, so that the drilling direction is changed, the sidetracking process can be conveniently performed, the drilling efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional drilling process, the sidetracking device provided by the embodiment can reduce the equipment movement amount and the drilling cost.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a flowchart of a sidetrack process according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 9, the sidetracking process includes the steps of:

in step S910, the millimeter wave source 1 transmits the millimeter wave 5 into the first channel 21, and the drilling mechanism 4 receives the millimeter wave 5 and drills the vertical well section through the millimeter wave 5.

Step S920, sealing the first waveguide tube 2 through the sealing device 8, and separating the first waveguide tube 2 from the three-way tube 7 at the sealing device 8; the third waveguide tube which needs to be added is connected between the first waveguide tube 2 and the three-way tube 7, and the sealing of the first waveguide tube 2 is released, or the third waveguide tube which needs to be replaced is connected between the drilling mechanism 4 and the three-way tube 7 instead of the first waveguide tube 2, and the sealing of the first waveguide tube 2 is released.

In particular, when the first waveguide 2 is damaged or the drilling depth increases, replacement or addition of the first waveguide 2 within the well is required. When the length of the first waveguide tube 2 needs to be increased, the sealing device 8 is used for sealing the original first waveguide tube 2 in the well, then the tee 7 and the first waveguide tube 2 are separated from each other at the sealing device 8, the upper end of a third waveguide tube which needs to be increased is connected with the tee 7, meanwhile, the lower end of the third waveguide tube is connected to the sealing device 8, the sealing of the first waveguide tube 2 is released, the third waveguide tube also has two channels, and the two channels are communicated with the first channel 21 and the second channel 22 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that a new communication channel is formed between the first waveguide tube 2 and the third waveguide tube. Similarly, when the first waveguide tube 2 needs to be replaced, the tee 7 and the first waveguide tube 2 are disconnected at the sealing device 8, the original first waveguide tube 2 is removed, and the third waveguide tube is connected between the drilling mechanism 4 and the tee 7.

In step S930, when the vertical well section is drilled to the first preset depth, the director 3 pulls the first waveguide 2 to turn to the preset direction, so as to perform sidetrack.

It should be noted that, the specific implementation manners of step S910 and step S930 are just described in the above embodiments, and are not repeated here.

In this embodiment, the first waveguide tube 2 is sealed by the sealing device 8, and the first waveguide tube 2 is separated from the three-way tube 7 by the sealing device 8, so that the first waveguide tube 2 can be lengthened or replaced, and the operation is simple and labor-saving.

In summary, in this embodiment, millimeter waves 5 emitted by the millimeter wave source 1 enter the drilling mechanism 4 through the first channel 21 of the first waveguide 2, the drilling mechanism 4 drills by utilizing the millimeter waves 5, meanwhile, the first waveguide 2 is sleeved with the director 3, and under the traction of the director 3, the flexible first waveguide 2 can be preset and turned, so as to guide the millimeter waves 5 to turn, so as to complete drilling processes in different directions, that is, the millimeter wave energy drilling technology adopts the combination of the first waveguide 2 and the director 3, so that the drilling direction is changed, the sidetracking process can be more conveniently performed, the drilling efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional drilling process, the sidetracking device provided by the embodiment can reduce the equipment movement amount and the drilling cost. In addition, the drilling mechanism 4 can spray the received high-pressure gas when drilling through the millimeter wave 5, so that the rock dust generated in the drilling process is purged, namely, the millimeter wave energy beam and the high-pressure gas are combined to drill, the purpose of timely processing the rock dust in the drilling process is achieved, the rock dust is prevented from blocking a well, the drilling speed is guaranteed, and the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A sidetracking apparatus, comprising: surface devices and subsurface devices; wherein, the ground device includes: a millimeter wave source (1), an air source (6), a three-way pipe (7) and a sealing device (8); the subsurface apparatus includes: a first waveguide (2), a director (3) and a drilling mechanism (4); the first waveguide (2) is provided with a first channel (21), and the first channel (21) is used for receiving millimeter waves (5) emitted by the millimeter wave source (1); the director (3) is sleeved outside the first waveguide tube (2); the drilling mechanism (4) is communicated with the output end of the first channel (21) and is used for receiving millimeter waves (5) output by the first channel (21) and drilling a well through the millimeter waves (5); the first waveguide tube (2) is a flexible tube, the director (3) is a stratum positioning device, any azimuth can be preset, and the flexible first waveguide tube (2) can be subjected to preset steering under the traction of the director (3), so that the millimeter wave (5) is guided to steer;

the first waveguide tube (2) is further provided with a second channel (22), the second channel (22) is sleeved outside the first channel (21), and the second channel (22) is used for receiving gas provided by the gas source (6); the drilling mechanism (4) is also in communication with the second channel (22) to receive and eject the gas;

the tee (7) comprises: a first tube body, a second tube body (71) and a third tube body (72); wherein the first pipe body is communicated with a receiving end of the first channel (21) so as to receive the millimeter waves (5) and enable the millimeter waves (5) to enter the first channel (21); the second pipe body (71) is sleeved outside the first pipe body and forms an annular channel with the first pipe body, and the annular channel is communicated with the receiving end of the second channel (22); the annular channel is in communication with the gas source (6) through the third tube (72) to receive the gas and to allow the gas to enter the annular channel and the second channel (22) in sequence;

the tee pipe (7) is communicated with the first waveguide pipe (2) in a sealing way through the sealing device (8); the sealing device 8 is provided with a cover body 81, wherein the sealing device 8 seals the communication part of the first waveguide tube 2 and the three-way pipe 7, and the cover body 81 is covered on the outer side of the part of the first waveguide tube 2 located on the ground and forms a closed space 10 with the ground.

2. The sidetracking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the surface apparatus further comprises: the rock powder separating device (9), a part of the first waveguide tube (2) is located on the ground, the other part of the first waveguide tube is located underground, the sealing device (8) is provided with a cover body (81), the cover body (81) is covered outside the part of the first waveguide tube (2) located on the ground and forms a closed space (10) with the ground, the cover body (81) is provided with a through hole (82), and the rock powder separating device (9) is communicated with the closed space (10) through the through hole (82).

3. Sidetracking device according to claim 1, wherein the first waveguide (2) comprises: a third pipe body (23), wherein the inner space of the second pipe body (23) is the first channel (21); the fourth pipe body (24), the fourth pipe body (24) cover is located outside the third pipe body (23), the annular space between fourth pipe body (24) and the third pipe body (23) is second passageway (22).

4. A sidetracking device according to claim 3, wherein the third tube (23) and the fourth tube (24) are each elastic and the inner wall of the three tubes (23) is coated with a metal coating (25).

5. Sidetracking device according to claim 1, wherein the drilling mechanism (4) comprises: a drill bit (41), the drill bit (41) comprising: a second waveguide (411) and at least one nozzle (412); the second waveguide tube (411) is provided with a third channel (4111) and a fourth channel (4112), the fourth channel (4112) is sleeved outside the third channel (4111), the receiving end of the third channel (4111) is communicated with the output end of the first channel (21) so as to receive millimeter waves (5) output by the first channel (21), and the receiving end of the fourth channel (4112) is communicated with the output end of the second channel (22) so as to receive gas output by the second channel (22); each nozzle (412) communicates with an output end of the fourth channel (4112), and each nozzle (412) is curved toward a central axis of the fourth channel (4112).

6. The sidetracking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the surface apparatus further comprises: an isolator (11) transmissive to the millimeter wave (5), the isolator (11) being disposed at the receiving end of the first channel (21).

7. A sidetracking process using a sidetracking apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: the millimeter wave source (1) conveys the millimeter waves (5) into the first channel (21), and the drilling mechanism (4) receives the millimeter waves (5) and drills a vertical well section through the millimeter waves (5); and when the vertical well section is drilled to a first preset depth, the director (3) pulls the first waveguide tube (2) to turn to a preset direction so as to perform sidetrack drilling.