CN112279115B

CN112279115B - Rotary speed reduction equipment of engineering tower crane

Info

Publication number: CN112279115B
Application number: CN202110000671.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周清泉; 苏世伟; 王永务; 李小勇; 段毅
Original assignee: Wanxin Jinggong Hunan Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wanxin Jinggong Hunan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-04
Filing date: 2021-01-04
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-04
Also published as: CN112279115A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane, which comprises a tower crane, a winding drum, a first bearing seat, a second bearing seat, a winding drum shaft, a first motor, a speed reducer and a transfer assembly, wherein the first bearing seat is arranged on the winding drum shaft; the tower crane comprises a balance arm support; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are fixed on the upper surface of the balance arm frame; a connecting line between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat is perpendicular to the length direction of the balance arm frame; the winding drum is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the winding drum shaft; the winding drum is used for winding a traction rope; one end of the winding drum shaft is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat through a bearing, and the other end of the winding drum shaft is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat through a bearing; the probability of damage to the speed reducer casing, the output end bearing and the oil seal due to the composite stress can be greatly reduced, and therefore the normal and safe operation of the tower crane is guaranteed.

Description

Rotary speed reduction equipment of engineering tower crane

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering tower cranes, in particular to a rotary speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane.

Background

At present, with the continuous development of economy in China, more and more buildings are built, and various types of tower cranes (tower cranes for short) are required in the construction engineering of the buildings.

Tower cranes are classified into two major types, an upper slewing tower crane and a lower slewing tower crane. The bearing capacity of the former is higher than that of the latter, and what we see in many construction sites is the tower crane with the upper rotary type and the upper lifting and the joint height. The method is divided into the following steps according to whether the mobile terminal can move or not: walking and stationary. The fixed tower body of the tower crane is fixed and does not rotate, and is arranged on the whole concrete foundation or on the concrete foundation. In the construction of houses, a fixed type is generally adopted.

The tower crane mainly comprises a hoisting mechanism, a luffing mechanism, a slewing mechanism and a jacking mechanism, wherein all the mechanisms are important components of the tower crane, and one of the mechanisms with the highest working frequency is the hoisting mechanism.

The hoisting mechanism of the tower crane generally comprises a motor, a speed reducer and a winding drum; in the prior art, an output shaft of a speed reducer is in a cantilever structure, and the output shaft of the speed reducer is rigidly connected with a main shaft of a winding drum, so that the output shaft of the speed reducer needs to bear a large torque caused by a hoisting steel wire rope and a bending force which is vertically acted on the output shaft end of the speed reducer and is caused by the mass of a hoisted object.

Namely, the output shaft of the speed reducer actually bears the combined stress of bending and twisting caused by lifting load, and the combined stress is easy to cause the damage of the shell of the speed reducer, the bearing of the output end and the oil seal, thereby causing the safety accident of the tower crane.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide rotary speed reducing equipment of an engineering tower crane, and aims to solve the problem that the safety accident of the tower crane is caused by the damage of a speed reducer shell, an output end bearing and an oil seal due to the fact that an output shaft of a speed reducer of the existing tower crane bears the combined stress of bending and twisting caused by a lifting load.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a rotary speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane comprises a tower crane, a winding drum, a first bearing seat, a second bearing seat, a winding drum shaft, a first motor, a speed reducer and a transfer assembly;

the tower crane comprises a balance arm support; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are fixed on the upper surface of the balance arm frame; a connecting line between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat is perpendicular to the length direction of the balance arm frame;

the winding drum is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the winding drum shaft; the winding drum is used for winding a traction rope; one end of the winding drum shaft is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat through a bearing, and the other end of the winding drum shaft is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat through a bearing; the transfer assembly comprises a transfer shaft, a third bearing seat, a fourth bearing seat, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a fifth gear;

one end of the winding drum shaft extends out of the first bearing seat, and the other end of the winding drum shaft extends out of the second bearing seat; the first gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at one end of the drum shaft, and the second gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the other end of the drum shaft; the third bearing seat and the fourth bearing seat are both fixed on the upper surface of the balance arm frame; a connecting line between the third bearing seat and the fourth bearing seat is perpendicular to the length direction of the balance arm frame; the third bearing seat and the fourth bearing seat are both positioned on one side of the winding drum far away from the extending direction of the traction rope;

one end of the middle rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the third bearing seat through a bearing, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fourth bearing seat through a bearing; one end of the middle rotating shaft extends out of the third bearing seat, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft extends out of the fourth bearing seat; the third gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at one end of the middle rotating shaft, and the fourth gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the other end of the middle rotating shaft; the first gear is meshed with the third gear, and the second gear is meshed with the fourth gear;

the fifth gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the middle rotating shaft; the first motor and the speed reducer are both connected to the upper surface of the balance arm frame; the first motor and the speed reducer are both positioned on one side of the middle rotating shaft, which is far away from the drum shaft; the speed reducer comprises a main input shaft and a main output shaft; the output shaft of the first motor is in transmission connection with the main input shaft; the main output shaft is in transmission connection with the fifth gear.

Preferably, the speed reducer further comprises a box body, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a third transmission gear, a fourth transmission gear, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first oil-stirring rotating wheel and a second oil-stirring rotating wheel; the box body comprises a first side wall and a second side wall which are opposite to each other;

the main input shaft, the main output shaft, the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are all rotationally connected to the box body; one end of the main input shaft extends out of the box body; one end of the main output shaft extends out of the box body; the main output shaft, the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are parallel to each other; the main input shaft is perpendicular to the first transmission shaft; one end of the main input shaft, which is positioned in the box body, is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first bevel gear;

the second bevel gear and the first transmission gear are coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft; the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear; the second transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly sleeved with the second transmission gear and the third transmission gear; the second transmission gear is meshed with the first transmission gear; a fourth transmission gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the main output shaft; the third transmission gear is meshed with the fourth transmission gear;

the main output shaft is rotatably connected to the first side wall through the first bearing, and the main output shaft is rotatably connected to the second side wall through the second bearing; the first oil stirring rotating wheel and the second oil stirring rotating wheel are coaxially and fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft; the first oil stirring rotating wheel is close to the first bearing; the second oil-stirring rotating wheel is close to the second bearing.

Preferably, the first oil-stirring rotating wheel and the second oil-stirring rotating wheel are consistent in structure and size; the first oil stirring rotating wheel comprises a plurality of oil stirring fins which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the second transmission gear and the third transmission gear are both located between the first oil-stirring rotating wheel and the second oil-stirring rotating wheel.

Preferably, the speed reducer further comprises a sixth gear; the sixth gear is coaxially connected to one end, extending out of the first side wall, of the main output shaft; the sixth gear is meshed with the fifth gear.

Preferably, the speed reducer further comprises a speed regulating component; the speed regulating component comprises a first sliding shaft sleeve, a seventh gear and a driving element;

the first sliding shaft sleeve is coaxially sleeved at one end, extending out of the first side wall, of the main output shaft through a spline pair in a matched mode, so that the first sliding shaft sleeve can move along the axial direction of the main output shaft; the driving element is used for driving the first sliding shaft sleeve to move along the axial direction of the main output shaft; the sixth gear and the seventh gear are coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first sliding shaft sleeve;

the middle rotating shaft is also coaxially and fixedly sleeved with an eighth gear; the first sliding shaft sleeve moves to the position that the seventh gear can be meshed with the eighth gear; and when the seventh gear is engaged with the eighth gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are no longer engaged;

the diameter of the fifth gear is larger than that of the eighth gear; the diameter of the seventh gear is larger than the diameter of the sixth gear.

Preferably, the driving element comprises a supporting plate, a guide sliding rod, a sliding frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate;

the supporting plate is horizontally and fixedly connected with the outer wall of the first side wall; the supporting plate is positioned right above one end, extending out of the first side wall, of the main output shaft; the guide sliding rod is horizontally and fixedly connected below the supporting plate; the sliding frame is connected to the guide sliding rod in a sliding mode, so that the sliding frame can move horizontally along the guide sliding rod;

the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are vertically and fixedly connected with the sliding frame; the lower end of the first clamping plate is rotatably connected with one end of the first sliding shaft sleeve; the lower end of the second clamping plate is rotatably connected with the other end of the first sliding shaft sleeve; the hydraulic cylinder is horizontally and fixedly connected with the outer wall of the first side wall; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding frame.

Preferably, the drive element further comprises a third bearing and a fourth bearing; the inner ring of the third bearing is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at one end of the first sliding shaft sleeve; the inner ring of the fourth bearing is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the other end of the first sliding shaft sleeve;

the lower end of the first clamping plate is fixedly connected to the outer ring wall of the third bearing; the lower end of the second clamping plate is fixedly connected with the outer ring wall of the fourth bearing.

Preferably, a first sliding sleeve is arranged at one end of the top of the sliding frame, and a second sliding sleeve is arranged at the other end of the top of the sliding frame; the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are sleeved on the guide sliding rod in a sliding fit mode.

Preferably, the device further comprises a bearing plate; the first motor and the speed reducer are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bearing plate; the bearing plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the balance arm frame.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a rotary speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane, which is characterized in that a middle rotating shaft is arranged, the output torque of a first motor is in transmission connection with the middle rotating shaft through a speed reducer, a third gear is meshed with the first gear, a second gear is meshed with a fourth gear, and the rotary speed reduction device is different from a connection mode that the output shaft of a traditional speed reducer is fixedly connected with a drum shaft; in the process, the combined stress of the bending and twisting caused by the lifting load born by the winding drum shaft is not transmitted to the main output shaft of the speed reducer, and the bending force caused by the lifting load is borne by the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat; the main output shaft of the speed reducer does not bear the composite stress from the drum shaft any more, and only can bear the torque, so that the probability of damage to the speed reducer casing, the output end bearing and the oil seal due to the composite stress can be greatly reduced, and the normal and safe operation of the tower crane is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram in a top view direction of an embodiment of a slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed reducer of an embodiment of a slewing speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a partial structure of a speed reducer of an embodiment of a slewing speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

The reference numbers illustrate:

reference numerals	Name (R)	Reference numerals	Name (R)
				110	Balance arm support	120	First bearing seat
130	Second bearing seat	140	Reel shaft
				150	First gear	160	Second gear
170	Winding drum	180	Third bearing seat
				190	Fourth bearing seat	210	Third gear
220	Fourth gear	230	Eighth gear
				240	Fifth gear	250	Seventh gear
260	Sixth gear	270	Supporting plate
				280	Speed reducer	290	First coupling
310	First motor	320	Middle rotating shaft
				330	Main input shaft	340	First bevel gear
350	First side wall	360	Second side wall
				370	First transmission shaft	380	Second bevel gear
390	First transmission gear	410	Second transmission shaft
				420	Second driveGear wheel	430	Third drive gear
440	First oil stirring rotating wheel	450	Second oil stirring rotating wheel
				460	First bearing	470	Second bearing
480	Main output shaft	490	Fourth drive gear
				510	Guide slide bar	520	Sliding rack
530	First sliding sleeve	540	Second sliding sleeve
				550	First clamping plate	560	Second clamping plate
570	Hydraulic cylinder	580	First sliding shaft sleeve
				590	Third bearing	610	Fourth bearing
620	Brake disc	630	Second sliding shaft sleeve
				640	Second coupling	650	First hydraulic oil pump
660	First oil pipe	670	Second hydraulic oil pump
				680	Second oil pipe	690	Brake body
710	First friction plate	720	Second friction plate
				730	Support ring plate	740	Disc spring
750	Piston rod	760	Piston head
				770	Piston cavity

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a rotary speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment of the slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to the present invention, the slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane includes a tower crane, a drum 170, a first bearing pedestal 120, a second bearing pedestal 130, a drum shaft 140, a first motor 310, a speed reducer 280, and a transfer assembly.

The tower crane comprises a balance arm support 110; the first bearing seat 120 and the second bearing seat 130 are both fixed on the upper surface of the balance arm frame 110; a connecting line between the first bearing housing 120 and the second bearing housing 130 is perpendicular to the length direction of the balance arm support 110.

The winding drum 170 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the winding drum shaft 140; the winding drum 170 is used for winding a traction rope; one end of the spool shaft 140 is rotatably connected to the first bearing housing 120 through a bearing, and the other end of the spool shaft 140 is rotatably connected to the second bearing housing 130 through a bearing; the transfer assembly includes a transfer shaft 320, a third bearing seat 180, a fourth bearing seat 190, a first gear 150, a second gear 160, a third gear 210, a fourth gear 220, and a fifth gear 240.

One end of the spool shaft 140 extends out of the first bearing seat 120, and the other end of the spool shaft 140 extends out of the second bearing seat 130; a first gear 150 is coaxially fixedly sleeved at one end of the drum shaft 140, and a second gear 160 is coaxially fixedly sleeved at the other end of the drum shaft 140; the third bearing seat 180 and the fourth bearing seat 190 are both fixed on the upper surface of the balance arm frame 110; a connecting line between the third bearing seat 180 and the fourth bearing seat 190 is perpendicular to the length direction of the balance arm frame 110; the drum shaft 140 and the middle rotating shaft 320 are both perpendicular to the length direction of the balance arm support 110; the third bearing seat 180 and the fourth bearing seat 190 are both located on a side of the drum 170 away from the extension direction of the traction rope.

One end of the middle rotating shaft 320 is rotatably connected to the third bearing seat 180 through a bearing, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft 320 is rotatably connected to the fourth bearing seat 190 through a bearing; one end of the middle rotating shaft 320 extends out of the third bearing seat 180, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft 320 extends out of the fourth bearing seat 190; a third gear 210 is coaxially fixedly sleeved at one end of the middle rotating shaft 320, and a fourth gear 220 is coaxially fixedly sleeved at the other end of the middle rotating shaft 320; the first gear 150 meshes with the third gear 210, and the second gear 160 meshes with the fourth gear 220.

The fifth gear 240 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the middle rotating shaft 320; the first motor 310 and the speed reducer 280 are both connected to the upper surface of the balance arm frame 110; the first motor 310 and the speed reducer 280 are both positioned on one side of the middle rotating shaft 320 far away from the drum shaft 140; the reducer 280 includes a main input shaft 330 and a main output shaft 480; the output shaft of the first motor 310 is drivingly connected to the main input shaft 330 through a first coupling 290; the main output shaft 480 is drivingly connected to the fifth gear 240.

The invention provides a rotary speed reducing device of an engineering tower crane, which is characterized in that a middle rotating shaft 320 is arranged, the output torque of a first motor 310 is in transmission connection with the middle rotating shaft 320 through a speed reducer 280, a third gear 210 is meshed with a first gear 150, a second gear 160 is meshed with a fourth gear 220, and the rotary speed reducing device is different from a connection mode that the output shaft of a traditional speed reducer is fixedly connected with a winding drum shaft 140; in this process, the combined bending stress caused by the lifting load on the spool shaft 140 is not transmitted to the main output shaft 480 of the speed reducer, and the bending force caused by the lifting load is entirely received by the first bearing seat 120 and the second bearing seat 130; that is, the main output shaft 480 of the speed reducer 280 does not bear the composite stress from the spool shaft 140 any more, but only bears the torque, so that the probability of damage to the speed reducer casing, the output end bearing and the oil seal due to the composite stress can be greatly reduced, and the normal and safe operation of the tower crane is ensured.

In addition, the speed reducer 280 further includes a housing (not numbered), a first transmission shaft 370, a second transmission shaft 410, a first bevel gear 340, a second bevel gear 380, a first transmission gear 390, a second transmission gear 420, a third transmission gear 430, a fourth transmission gear 490, a first bearing 460, a second bearing 470, a first oil-removing runner 440, and a second oil-removing runner 450; the case includes a first sidewall 350 and a second sidewall 360 opposite to each other.

The main input shaft 330, the main output shaft 480, the first transmission shaft 370 and the second transmission shaft 410 are all rotatably connected to the box body; one end of the main input shaft 330 extends out of the case; one end of the main output shaft 480 extends out of the box body; the main output shaft 480, the first transmission shaft 370 and the second transmission shaft 410 are parallel to each other; the main input shaft 330 is perpendicular to the first transmission shaft 370; one end of the main input shaft 330, which is positioned in the box body, is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 340.

The first transmission shaft 370 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved with a second bevel gear 380 and a first transmission gear 390; the first bevel gear 340 and the second bevel gear 380 are engaged; the second transmission shaft 410 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved with a second transmission gear 420 and a third transmission gear 430; the second transmission gear 420 is engaged with the first transmission gear 390; a fourth transmission gear 490 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the main output shaft 480; the third drive gear 430 meshes with a fourth drive gear 490.

The main output shaft 480 is rotatably connected to the first side wall 350 through a first bearing 460, and the main output shaft 480 is rotatably connected to the second side wall 360 through a second bearing 470; the first oil stirring rotating wheel 440 and the second oil stirring rotating wheel 450 are coaxially and fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft 410; the first oil-stirring wheel 440 is close to the first bearing 460; the second oil wiping wheel 450 is adjacent to the second bearing 470.

Through the above technical scheme, when the speed reducer 280 works, the second transmission shaft 410 rotates to drive the first oil-stirring rotating wheel 440 and the second oil-stirring rotating wheel 450 to rotate, under normal conditions, the height of lubricating oil in the speed reducer 280 is such that the lubricating oil does not pass through the main output shaft 480 (the central axes of the first transmission shaft 370, the second transmission shaft 410, the main input shaft 330 and the main output shaft 480 are at the same height), and the lubricating oil can be lifted after the first oil-stirring rotating wheel 440 rotates, so that the lubricating oil splashes to the first bearing 460, thereby fully lubricating and cooling the first bearing 460; the second oil stirring rotating wheel 450 can lift up the lubricating oil after rotating, so that the lubricating oil splashes to the second bearing 470, and the second bearing 470 is fully lubricated and cooled; meanwhile, after the first oil stirring rotating wheel 440 and the second oil stirring rotating wheel 450 rotate, lubricating oil in the box body can be surged more violently, and therefore the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil on each transmission shaft is improved.

Meanwhile, the first oil deflector 440 and the second oil deflector 450 have the same structure and size; the first oil-stirring wheel 440 includes a plurality of oil-stirring fins (not numbered) uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction. The second oil-stirring wheel 450 includes a plurality of oil-stirring fins (not numbered) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction; therefore, the structures of the first oil stirring rotating wheel 440 and the second oil stirring rotating wheel 450 are perfected, and the oil stirring effect of the first oil stirring rotating wheel 440 and the second oil stirring rotating wheel 450 is improved.

In addition, the second transmission gear 420 and the third transmission gear 430 are both positioned between the first oil-stirring pulley 440 and the second oil-stirring pulley 450. By the arrangement, the first oil stirring rotating wheel 440 can be closer to the first bearing 460, and the second oil stirring rotating wheel 450 can be closer to the second bearing 470, so that the structure is more perfect and reasonable.

The reduction gear 280 further includes a sixth gear 260; the sixth gear 260 is coaxially connected to one end of the main output shaft 480 protruding out of the first sidewall 350; the sixth gear 260 is engaged with the fifth gear 240. That is, the main output shaft 480 of the speed reducer 280 is drivingly connected to the intermediate shaft 320 by the engagement of the sixth gear 260 and the fifth gear 240.

Meanwhile, the speed reducer 280 further includes a speed adjusting part; the speed regulation means comprises a first sliding sleeve 580, a seventh gear 250 and a drive element.

The first sliding shaft sleeve 580 is coaxially sleeved at one end of the main output shaft 480, which extends out of the first side wall 350, through a spline pair in a matching manner, so that the first sliding shaft sleeve 580 can move along the axial direction of the main output shaft 480; the driving element is used for driving the first sliding sleeve 580 to move along the axial direction of the main output shaft 480; the sixth gear 260 and the seventh gear 250 are coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the first sliding sleeve 580.

The middle rotating shaft 320 is also coaxially and fixedly sleeved with an eighth gear 230; the first sliding sleeve 580 can move until the seventh gear 250 meshes with the eighth gear 230; and when the seventh gear 250 is engaged with the eighth gear 230, the fifth gear 240 is no longer engaged with the sixth gear 260. The first sliding sleeve 580 can also be moved until the fifth gear 240 meshes with the sixth gear 260, and when the fifth gear 240 meshes with the sixth gear 260, the seventh gear 250 and the eighth gear 230 are also no longer meshed.

The diameter of the fifth gear 240 is larger than the diameter of the eighth gear 230; the diameter of the seventh gear 250 is larger than the diameter of the sixth gear 260.

Through the technical scheme, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 320 can be adjusted under the condition that the rotating speed of the first motor 310 is not changed, so that the rotating speed is suitable for different load conditions; specifically, when the rotating shaft 320 needs a relatively high rotating speed, the driving element drives the first sliding sleeve 580 to move until the seventh gear 250 is meshed with the eighth gear 230, and at this time, the fifth gear 240 is not meshed with the sixth gear 260, that is, the main output shaft 480 and the rotating shaft 320 are in meshed transmission through the seventh gear 250 and the eighth gear 230, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 320 is high, so that the device is suitable for lifting objects when the load is small.

When the middle rotating shaft 320 needs a relatively low rotating speed, the first sliding shaft sleeve 580 is driven by the driving element to move until the fifth gear 240 is meshed with the sixth gear 260, at this time, the seventh gear 250 is not meshed with the eighth gear 230, that is, the main output shaft 480 and the middle rotating shaft 320 are in meshed transmission through the fifth gear 240 and the sixth gear 260, the rotating speed of the middle rotating shaft 320 is low, the torque is relatively large, and the device is suitable for lifting objects when the load is large.

Meanwhile, the driving unit includes a support plate 270, a guide slide 510, a carriage 520, a hydraulic cylinder 570, a first locking plate 550, and a second locking plate 560.

The supporting plate 270 is horizontally fixed on the outer wall of the first side wall 350; the support plate 270 is positioned right above one end of the main output shaft 480 protruding out of the first sidewall 350; the guide sliding rod 510 is horizontally and fixedly connected below the supporting plate 270; the carriage 520 is slidably coupled to the guide bar 510 such that the carriage 520 can be horizontally moved along the guide bar 510.

The first clamping plate 550 and the second clamping plate 560 are both vertically and fixedly connected to the lower part of the sliding frame 520; the lower end of the first blocking plate 550 is rotatably connected with one end of the first sliding sleeve 580; the lower end of the second blocking plate 560 is rotatably connected with the other end of the first sliding sleeve 580; the base of the hydraulic cylinder 570 is horizontally fixed on the outer wall of the first side wall 350; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 570 is secured to the carriage 520.

Through the technical scheme, the specific structure of the driving element for driving the first sliding shaft sleeve 580 to move along the axial direction of the main output shaft 480 is perfected, that is, by starting the hydraulic cylinder 570, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 570 drives the sliding frame 520 to move horizontally, so that the first clamping plate 550 and the second clamping plate 560 are driven to move horizontally, and the first sliding shaft sleeve 580 is driven to move horizontally on the main output shaft 480.

In addition, the driving element further includes a third bearing 590 and a fourth bearing 610; the inner ring of the third bearing 590 is coaxially fixed at one end of the first sliding shaft sleeve 580; the inner ring of the fourth bearing 610 is coaxially fixed on the other end of the first sliding shaft sleeve 580;

the lower end of the first blocking plate 550 is fixedly connected to the outer ring wall of the third bearing 590; the lower end of the second blocking plate 560 is fixedly connected to the outer ring wall of the fourth bearing 610.

Through the technical scheme, the lower end of the first clamping plate 550 is perfectly and rotatably connected with one end of the first sliding shaft sleeve 580; the lower end of the second blocking plate 560 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first sliding sleeve 580, so that the operation of the driving element is more reasonable and stable.

Meanwhile, one end of the top of the sliding frame 520 is provided with a first sliding sleeve 530, and the other end of the top of the sliding frame 520 is provided with a second sliding sleeve 540; the first sliding sleeve 530 and the second sliding sleeve 540 are both slidably fitted and sleeved on the guide sliding rod 510, and the guide sliding rod 510 is parallel to the main output shaft 480. Thereby perfecting the concrete structure that the sliding frame 520 is slidably connected with the guide sliding rod 510.

In addition, the slewing reduction device of the engineering tower crane further comprises a bearing plate (not shown); the first motor 310 and the speed reducer 280 are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bearing plate; the bearing plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the balance arm frame 110, so that the first motor 310 and the speed reducer 280 can be integrally detached, maintained and replaced.

Meanwhile, the slewing speed reducing device of the engineering tower crane further comprises a passive braking assembly; the passive brake assembly includes a brake disc 620, a hydraulic brake, a first hydraulic oil pump 650, an oil tank (not shown), a first oil pipe 660, a second oil pipe 680, a second hydraulic oil pump 670, a second sliding bush 630, a second motor (not shown), and a solenoid valve (not shown).

The other end of the main output shaft 480 extends out of the second side wall 360; the brake disc 620 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the second sliding shaft sleeve 630; the second sliding sleeve 630 is coaxially sleeved at one end of the main output shaft 480, which extends out of the second side wall 360, through a spline pair, so that the brake disc 620 can move along the axial direction of the main output shaft 480; the end of the main output shaft 480 protruding out of the second side wall 360 is drivingly connected to the first hydraulic oil pump 650 via the second coupling 640.

The second motor is used for driving the second hydraulic oil pump 670; the inlet end of the first hydraulic oil pump 650 and the inlet end of the second hydraulic oil pump 670 are both communicated with an oil tank; one end of the first oil pipe 660 is communicated with an outlet end of the first hydraulic oil pump 650; one end of the second oil pipe 680 is communicated with an outlet end of the second hydraulic oil pump 670.

The hydraulic brake includes a brake main body 690, a first friction plate 710, a second friction plate 720, a piston rod 750, a backing ring plate 730, a piston head 760, and a disc spring 740; the stopper body 690 is fixed to the upper surface of the balance arm 110; a piston chamber 770 is formed inside the stopper body 690; the first friction plate 710 is fixed to the brake main body 690; the piston head 760 is movably embedded in the piston cavity 770 in a matching way; one end of the piston rod 750 is connected to the piston head 760; the other end of the piston rod 750 extends out of the piston cavity 770 and is connected to the support ring plate 730; one side of the support ring plate 730 facing away from the piston rod 750 is fixedly connected with a second friction plate 720; the second friction plate 720 and the second friction plate 720 are diametrically opposed to each other.

A disc spring 740 is disposed between the support ring plate 730 and the stopper body 690; the elastic force of the belleville springs 740 causes the second friction plate 720 to have a tendency to move toward the first friction plate 710; the other end of the first oil pipe 660 and the other end of the second oil pipe 680 are both communicated with the piston cavity 770; the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil exiting the first oil line 660 causes the piston head 760 to have a tendency to move away from the first friction plate 710; the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the second oil pipe 680 has a tendency to move the piston head 760 away from the first friction plate 710; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second oil pipe 680 to control the communication or the closing of the second oil pipe 680; the disc body of the brake disc 620 is located between the first friction plate 710 and the second friction plate 720.

Through the technical scheme, the passive braking of the speed reducer 280 can be realized, so that the passive braking of the winding drum 170 is realized, wherein the passive braking refers to that when the first motor 310 stops rotating, namely, when the hoisted object is not lifted (such as when a tower crane turns), the speed reducer 280 stops rotating, and the position of the winding drum 170 needs to be fixed, so that the hoisted object is fixed; in the prior art, active braking is mostly adopted, that is, an active brake (such as an active hydraulic caliper brake) is installed on the shaft 140 of the winding drum 170, and when the first motor 310 stops rotating, the active hydraulic caliper brake is controlled to brake the winding drum 170, but the active braking mode is controlled to be started by people, so that neglect of braking is easily caused, and the lifted object suddenly drops, which is very dangerous; it is necessary to coordinate with a passive braking scheme.

The specific working principle of the passive braking scheme is as follows: because the main output shaft 480 of the speed reducer 280 is in driving connection with the first hydraulic oil pump 650 through the second coupling 640, when the speed reducer 280 normally rotates, the first hydraulic oil pump 650 works to pump out oil, and the pumped oil is input into the piston cavity 770 through the first oil pipe 660, so that the piston head 760 has a tendency to move in a direction away from the first friction plate 710, at this time, the first friction plate 710 and the second friction plate 720 are not in contact with the disc body of the rotating disc, that is, the speed reducer 280 normally operates, and at this time, the second motor is not started, that is, the second hydraulic oil pump 670 is not started, the electromagnetic valve is closed, and the second oil pipe 680 is closed.

When the first motor 310 stops rotating, the speed reducer 280 stops rotating, the main output shaft 480 stops rotating, the first hydraulic oil pump 650 does not work any more, that is, the oil pressure of the oil in the first oil pipe 660 is reduced, and under the action of the belleville spring 740, the piston head 760 moves towards the direction close to the first friction plate 710, so as to drive the second friction plate 720 to move towards the direction close to the first friction plate 710, that is, the first friction plate 710 and the second friction plate 720 both press against the disc body clamping the brake disc 620, so as to fix the position of the main output shaft 480, thereby fixing the position of the middle rotating shaft 320, thereby fixing the position of the spool shaft 140, and thereby fixing the position of the spool 170.

When the first motor 310 needs to be started again, the brake needs to be released, that is, the main output shaft 480 is not fixed any more; at this time, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and the second oil pipe 680 is communicated; and the second motor is started again, so that the second hydraulic oil pump 670 is started, the second hydraulic oil pump 670 works to pump out oil, the pumped oil is input into the piston cavity 770 through the second oil pipe 680, and the piston head 760 moves towards the direction far away from the first friction plate 710, so that the first friction plate 710 and the second friction plate 720 are not pressed against the plate body of the rotating disc any more, and the brake is released.

When the first motor 310 is started to finish normal operation, the first hydraulic oil pump 650 works again, the pressure of the oil in the first oil pipe 660 rises again, then the electromagnetic valve is closed, and the second oil pipe 680 is closed; the second motor is then turned off.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary speed reduction device of an engineering tower crane is characterized by comprising a tower crane, a winding drum, a first bearing seat, a second bearing seat, a winding drum shaft, a first motor, a speed reducer and a transfer assembly;

the fifth gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the middle rotating shaft; the first motor and the speed reducer are both connected to the upper surface of the balance arm frame; the first motor and the speed reducer are both positioned on one side of the middle rotating shaft, which is far away from the drum shaft; the speed reducer comprises a main input shaft and a main output shaft; the output shaft of the first motor is in transmission connection with the main input shaft; the main output shaft is in transmission connection with the fifth gear;

the speed reducer further comprises a box body, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a third transmission gear, a fourth transmission gear, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first oil-shifting rotating wheel and a second oil-shifting rotating wheel; the box body comprises a first side wall and a second side wall which are opposite to each other;

the main output shaft is rotatably connected to the first side wall through the first bearing, and the main output shaft is rotatably connected to the second side wall through the second bearing; the first oil stirring rotating wheel and the second oil stirring rotating wheel are coaxially and fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft; the first oil stirring rotating wheel is close to the first bearing; the second oil stirring rotating wheel is close to the second bearing;

the speed reducer further comprises a sixth gear; the sixth gear is coaxially connected to one end, extending out of the first side wall, of the main output shaft; the sixth gear is meshed with the fifth gear;

the speed reducer also comprises a speed regulating component; the speed regulating component comprises a first sliding shaft sleeve, a seventh gear and a driving element;

2. The slewing reduction equipment of an engineering tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the first oil stirring rotating wheel and the second oil stirring rotating wheel are consistent in structure and size; the first oil stirring rotating wheel comprises a plurality of oil stirring fins which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

3. The slewing reduction equipment of an engineering tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the second transmission gear and the third transmission gear are both located between the first oil-stirring rotating wheel and the second oil-stirring rotating wheel.

4. The slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the drive element comprises a support plate, a guide slide bar, a sliding frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate;

5. The slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to claim 4, wherein the drive element further comprises a third bearing and a fourth bearing; the inner ring of the third bearing is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at one end of the first sliding shaft sleeve; the inner ring of the fourth bearing is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the other end of the first sliding shaft sleeve;

6. The slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to claim 4, wherein a first sliding sleeve is arranged at one end of the top of the sliding frame, and a second sliding sleeve is arranged at the other end of the top of the sliding frame; the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are sleeved on the guide sliding rod in a sliding fit mode.

7. The slewing reduction device of an engineering tower crane according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a bearing plate; the first motor and the speed reducer are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bearing plate; the bearing plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper surface of the balance arm frame.